3 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

ADVANCED UNIT 3 3.2

3.1 3A 3.4 WORD STRESS: prefixes Look at the words in
the list. Where the words have more than one syllable,
1A 3.1 VOWEL SOUNDS: landscapes mark the main stress. Listen and check.
Match vowel patterns 1–8, with the
adjectives in bold in the sentences below. circle grow sell bar way title centenary power
Listen, check and repeat. skirt fortunately monthly retired rated hero
known stated
1 /ɪ/ > /ə/ > /e/            5 /ʌ/ > /aʊ/           
2 /æ/ > /ɪ/ > /ɪ/ > /ə/ /ɪ/ > /ɜ:/ > /ɪ/           
6          
3 /ʌ/ > /ɪ/            7 /ʌ/ > /ɔɪ/           
B 3.5 Combine each prefix below with two words from
the list in Exercise 3A. Listen and check.
4 /eɪ/ > /ə/            8 /æ/ > /ɪ/
bi       sub          
                        
a) The ancient Roman ruins stood at the
mini super
                                       
top of the hill with the sun setting
out un
                                     
behind them.
semi           under
          
b) The market place was bustling with early
morning activity.                      
c) It was lunchtime and the main square was C 3.6 Read the Pronunciation tip then listen to the
totally deserted. words both with and without the prefixes. With which
d) She lived in a picturesque cottage on the words does the stress shi? Listen again and say the
edge of the village. words with the speakers. Pay special attention to words
e) It was a very tranquil scene, with fishing where the stress shis.
boats bobbing on the sea.
f) This part of the country has not yet been PRONUNCIATION TIP
touched by tourism and is totally unspoilt.
Sometimes when a prefix is added to a word, the stress
g) The café looked very run-down, with a big
shis. For example the stress shis in pilot /ˈpaɪlət/ and
crack in one of the windows.
co-pilot /ˈkəʊpaɪlət/, but not in national /ˈnæʃənl/ and
h) The view from the top of the mountain was international /ɪntəˈnæʃənl/.
magnificent – we could see for miles.

B 3.2 Listen and say the sentences in

3.3
Exercise 1A with the speakers. Pay particular
attention to the pronunciation of the
adjectives in bold.
4A 3.7 MARKING EMPHASIS IN CLEFT SENTENCES
Listen to the sentences below. Which sentence is more
2 A VOWEL SOUNDS: noun phrases Complete emphatic? Which words are stressed in the emphatic
sentence?
the phonemic transcription for the phrases
using the symbols in the box. Write the 1 We plan to reduce vandalism in the town centre.
phrases alongside. 2 What we plan to do is reduce vandalism in the town
centre.
/æ/ /ɑ:/ /ai/ /ɪ/ (x4) /i:/ (x2) /ɒ/
/ɔː/ /ʌ/ /ə/ (x2) /ʊ/ /u:/ (x4) B 3.8 Look at the sentences below. Decide how you
would say the sentences and which words you would
1 /ˈc st ˈt ts/            stress. Listen and check your ideas.
2 /ˈf ŋg pr nts/           
1 What we plan to do is reduce stress for busy commuters.
3 /ˈk l ˈbr z/           
2 What we’re proposing to do is play classical music in
4 /ˈ pl ˈp /            public places.
5 /ˈsw m ŋ ˈp l/            3 What we want to do is make our town centre a safer place
6 /ˈ s ˈw l/            for shoppers.
7 /ˈʃ ˈʃ p/            4 What we’re aiming to do is help tourists enjoy their stay.
8 /ˈsk lˈb ks/            5 What we’re hoping to do is increase local trade.
6 What we intend to do is create more youth employment.
B 3.3 Listen and check. Then listen and
repeat. C Listen again and say the sentences with the speakers.

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