Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Determinación de la viscosidad a
Determinación de la viscosidad a Determinación de la tensión superficial de
1 2 temperaturas diferentes del 3
temperatura ambiente tres líquidos puros a temperatura ambiente
ambiente
Utilizando la pipeta, se vierte el líquido de El experimento se repite a dos temperaturas Limpiar perfectamente bien el equipo para
estudio (agua, alcohol, acetona) en el más, que el profesor indicará, en este caso evitar errores
viscosímetro de Ostwald llenando 30°C y 40°C respectivamente.
aproximadamente tres cuartas partes del
volumen del bulbo inferior En un tubo de ensayo se agregan de uno a
Para ello introducir el viscosímetro en un vaso dos mililitros del líquido puro
de precipitados de 2 litros que contiene agua
Succionando lentamente por la rama donde a las temperaturas indicadas y se deja el
tiempo suficiente para que el líquido de Se introduce el tubo capilar, procurando que
no se vertió el líquido, se hace subir el líquido
prueba alcance la misma temperatura quede perpendicular ala superficie del líquido
hasta llegar a la marca A. Para que el liquido
permanezca en esa posición, se tapa la rama
donde se vertió con el dedo índice, La mide la altura (h) entre el nivel del líquido
Para hacer la determinación, se coloca el en el tubo de ensayo y el nivel de este, en el
viscosímetro en posición vertical y se procede tubo capilar.
a succionar hasta que el líquido llegue a la
Se deja fluir el líquido hacia el bulbo inferior, marca A para después dejar fluir el líquido
tomando el tiempo que emplea en descender hacia el bulbo inferior de igual forma tomando
desde la marca A hasta la B Repetir el mismo proceso 3 veces para cada
el tiempo que cada líquido tarda en líquido (alcohol, agua y acetona)
descender a las diferentes temperaturas
Resultados
Tiempo que emplea el alcohol en descender desde la marca A hasta la B del viscosímetro de
Ostwald
Tiempo que emplea el agua en descender desde la marca A hasta la B del viscosímetro de
Ostwald
Tiempo que emplea la acetona en descender desde la marca A hasta la B del viscosímetro de
Ostwald
𝑔
𝜌𝐻21°𝐶
2𝑂
= 0.99802
𝑚𝐿
𝑔
𝜌𝐻30°𝐶
2𝑂
= 0.99567
𝑚𝐿
𝑔
𝜌𝐻40°𝐶
2𝑂
= 0.99225
𝑚𝐿
Densidad de la acetona
A 21°C
21°𝐶
𝜌𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 = 𝜌 + (𝛼)(𝑥10−3 )𝑇 + (𝛽)(𝑥10−6 )𝑇 2 + (𝛾)(𝑥10−9 )𝑇 3
21°𝐶
𝜌𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 = 0.81248 + (−1.100)(𝑥10−3 )(21°𝐶) + (−0.858)(𝑥10−6 )(21°𝐶)2 + (0)(𝑥10−9 )(21°𝐶)3
21°𝐶 𝑔
𝜌𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 = 0.7890
𝑚𝐿
A 30°C
30°𝐶
𝜌𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 = 0.81248 + (−1.100)(𝑥10−3 )(30°𝐶) + (−0.858)(𝑥10−6 )(30°𝐶)2 + (0)(𝑥10−9 )(30°𝐶)3
30°𝐶 𝑔
𝜌𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 = 0.7787
𝑚𝐿
A 40°C
40°𝐶
𝜌𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 = 0.81248 + (−1.100)(𝑥10−3 )(40°𝐶) + (−0.858)(𝑥10−6 )(40°𝐶)2 + (0)(𝑥10−9 )(40°𝐶)3
40°𝐶 𝑔
𝜌𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 = 0.7671
𝑚𝐿
A 21°C
21°𝐶
𝜌𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 0.80625 + (−0.028461)(𝑥10−3 )(21°𝐶) + (0.05160)(𝑥10−6 )(21°𝐶)2 +
(0.0985)(𝑥10−9 )(21°𝐶)3
21°𝐶 𝑔
𝜌𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 0.8056
𝑚𝐿
A 30°C
30°𝐶
𝜌𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 0.80625 + (−0.028461)(𝑥10−3 )(30°𝐶) + (0.05160)(𝑥10−6 )(30°𝐶)2 +
(0.0985)(𝑥10−9 )(30°𝐶)3
30°𝐶 𝑔
𝜌𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 0.8054
𝑚𝐿
A 40°C
40°𝐶
𝜌𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 0.80625 + (−0.028461)(𝑥10−3 )(40°𝐶) + (0.05160)(𝑥10−6 )(40°𝐶)2 +
(00985)(𝑥10−9 )(40°𝐶)3
40°𝐶 𝑔
𝜌𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 0.8052
𝑚𝐿
A 21°C
𝒈
𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 (𝝁𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )(𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟓𝟔𝟒𝟏 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟖𝟎𝟐 ) (𝟏𝟕.𝟒𝟔 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= (𝝆𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )(𝒕𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )
= 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟖𝟎𝟗 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝟎.𝟕𝟖𝟗𝟎 )(𝟏𝟐.𝟕𝟎 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 30°C
𝒈
𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 (𝝁𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )(𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟒𝟖𝟗𝟒 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟓𝟔𝟕 ) (𝟏𝟓.𝟎𝟕 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= (𝝆𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )(𝒕𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )
= 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟓 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟖𝟕 )(𝟏𝟏.𝟕𝟖 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 40°C
𝒈
𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 (𝝁𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )(𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟑𝟗𝟏𝟑 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟐𝟐𝟓 ) (𝟏𝟒.𝟎𝟕 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= (𝝆𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )(𝒕𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )
= 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟓𝟓𝟕 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝟎.𝟕𝟔𝟕𝟏 )(𝟏𝟎.𝟖𝟔 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 21°C
𝒈
𝝁𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 (𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 )(𝝆𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 ) (𝒕𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟖𝟏𝟎 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟖𝟎𝟓𝟔 ) (𝟐𝟔.𝟔𝟓 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= = 𝒈 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟎𝟖𝟔 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟖𝟎𝟐 )(𝟏𝟕.𝟒𝟔 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 30°C
𝒈
𝝁𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 (𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 )(𝝆𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 ) (𝒕𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 ) (𝟎.𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟕 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟖𝟎𝟓𝟒 ) (𝟐𝟏.𝟗𝟏 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= = 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟒𝟏𝟒 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟓𝟔𝟕 )(𝟏𝟓.𝟎𝟕 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 40°C
𝒈
𝝁𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 (𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 )(𝝆𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 ) (𝒕𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 ) (𝟎.𝟔𝟓𝟔𝟎 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟖𝟎𝟓𝟐 ) (𝟏𝟗.𝟕𝟐 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= = 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟒𝟔𝟏 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟐𝟐𝟓 )(𝟏𝟒.𝟎𝟕 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
Viscosidad de la acetona
A 21°C
𝒈
𝝁𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 (𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 )(𝝆𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 ) (𝒕𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟖𝟏𝟎 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟕𝟖𝟗𝟎 ) (𝟏𝟐.𝟕𝟎 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= = 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟔𝟒𝟏 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟖𝟎𝟐 )(𝟏𝟕.𝟒𝟔 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 30°C
𝒈
𝝁𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 (𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 )(𝝆𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 ) (𝒕𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 ) (𝟎.𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟕 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟖𝟕 )𝟏𝟏.𝟕𝟖 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= = 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟖𝟗𝟒 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟓𝟔𝟕 )(𝟏𝟓.𝟎𝟕 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 40°C
𝒈
(𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 )(𝝆𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 ) (𝒕𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 ) (𝟎.𝟔𝟓𝟔𝟎 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟕𝟔𝟕𝟏 ) (𝟏𝟎.𝟖𝟔 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
𝝁𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 = = 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟗𝟏𝟑 𝒄𝒑
(𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟐𝟐𝟓 )(𝟏𝟒.𝟎𝟕 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 21°C y 1.83 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(1.83𝑐𝑚) (0.99802 ) (981 ) = 44.79
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 30°C y 1.83 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(1.83𝑐𝑚) (0.99567 ) (981 ) = 44.68
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 40°C y 1.83 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(1.83𝑐𝑚) (0.99225 ) (981 ) = 44.53
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 21°C y 1.53 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(1.53𝑐𝑚) (0.8056 ) (981 ) = 30.228
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 30°C y 1.53 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(1.53𝑐𝑚) (0.8054 ) (981 ) = 30.221
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 40°C y 1.53 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(1.53𝑐𝑚) (0.8052 ) (981 ) = 30.213
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 21°C y 0.86 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(0.86𝑐𝑚) (0.7890 ) (981 ) = 16.64
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 30°C y 0.86 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(0.86𝑐𝑚) (0.7787 ) (981 ) = 16.42
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 40°C y 0.86 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(0.86𝑐𝑚) (0.7671 ) (981 ) = 16.17
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
Discusión y análisis de resultados
Conclusión
Cuestionario
𝑔
𝜌𝐻21°𝐶
2𝑂
= 0.99802
𝑚𝐿
𝑔
𝜌𝐻30°𝐶
2𝑂
= 0.99567
𝑚𝐿
𝑔
𝜌𝐻40°𝐶
2𝑂
= 0.99225
𝑚𝐿
Densidad de la acetona
A 21°C
21°𝐶
𝜌𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 = 𝜌 + (𝛼)(𝑥10−3 )𝑇 + (𝛽)(𝑥10−6 )𝑇 2 + (𝛾)(𝑥10−9 )𝑇 3
21°𝐶
𝜌𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 = 0.81248 + (−1.100)(𝑥10−3 )(21°𝐶) + (−0.858)(𝑥10−6 )(21°𝐶)2 + (0)(𝑥10−9 )(21°𝐶)3
21°𝐶 𝑔
𝜌𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 = 0.7890
𝑚𝐿
A 30°C
30°𝐶
𝜌𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 = 0.81248 + (−1.100)(𝑥10−3 )(30°𝐶) + (−0.858)(𝑥10−6 )(30°𝐶)2 + (0)(𝑥10−9 )(30°𝐶)3
30°𝐶 𝑔
𝜌𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 = 0.7787
𝑚𝐿
A 40°C
40°𝐶
𝜌𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 = 0.81248 + (−1.100)(𝑥10−3 )(40°𝐶) + (−0.858)(𝑥10−6 )(40°𝐶)2 + (0)(𝑥10−9 )(40°𝐶)3
40°𝐶 𝑔
𝜌𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 = 0.7671
𝑚𝐿
Densidad del alcohol
A 21°C
21°𝐶
𝜌𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 0.80625 + (−0.028461)(𝑥10−3 )(21°𝐶) + (0.05160)(𝑥10−6 )(21°𝐶)2 +
(0.0985)(𝑥10−9 )(21°𝐶)3
21°𝐶 𝑔
𝜌𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 0.8056
𝑚𝐿
A 30°C
30°𝐶
𝜌𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 0.80625 + (−0.028461)(𝑥10−3 )(30°𝐶) + (0.05160)(𝑥10−6 )(30°𝐶)2 +
(0.0985)(𝑥10−9 )(30°𝐶)3
30°𝐶 𝑔
𝜌𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 0.8054
𝑚𝐿
A 40°C
40°𝐶
𝜌𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 0.80625 + (−0.028461)(𝑥10−3 )(40°𝐶) + (0.05160)(𝑥10−6 )(40°𝐶)2 +
(00985)(𝑥10−9 )(40°𝐶)3
40°𝐶 𝑔
𝜌𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 0.8052
𝑚𝐿
A 21°C
𝒈
𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 (𝝁𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )(𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟓𝟔𝟒𝟏 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟖𝟎𝟐 ) (𝟏𝟕.𝟒𝟔 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= (𝝆𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )(𝒕𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )
= 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟖𝟎𝟗 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝟎.𝟕𝟖𝟗𝟎 )(𝟏𝟐.𝟕𝟎 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 30°C
𝒈
𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 (𝝁𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )(𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟒𝟖𝟗𝟒 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟓𝟔𝟕 ) (𝟏𝟓.𝟎𝟕 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= (𝝆𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )(𝒕𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )
= 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟓 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟖𝟕 )(𝟏𝟏.𝟕𝟖 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 40°C
𝒈
𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 (𝝁𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )(𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟑𝟗𝟏𝟑 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟐𝟐𝟓 ) (𝟏𝟒.𝟎𝟕 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= (𝝆𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )(𝒕𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 )
= 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟓𝟓𝟕 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝟎.𝟕𝟔𝟕𝟏 )(𝟏𝟎.𝟖𝟔 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
Viscosidad del alcohol
A 21°C
𝒈
𝝁𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 (𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 )(𝝆𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 ) (𝒕𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟖𝟏𝟎 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟖𝟎𝟓𝟔 ) (𝟐𝟔.𝟔𝟓 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= = 𝒈 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟎𝟖𝟔 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟖𝟎𝟐 )(𝟏𝟕.𝟒𝟔 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 30°C
𝒈
𝝁𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 (𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 )(𝝆𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 ) (𝒕𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 ) (𝟎.𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟕 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟖𝟎𝟓𝟒 ) (𝟐𝟏.𝟗𝟏 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= = 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟒𝟏𝟒 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟓𝟔𝟕 )(𝟏𝟓.𝟎𝟕 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 40°C
𝒈
𝝁𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 (𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 )(𝝆𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 ) (𝒕𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒐𝒉𝒐𝒍 ) (𝟎.𝟔𝟓𝟔𝟎 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟖𝟎𝟓𝟐 ) (𝟏𝟗.𝟕𝟐 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= = 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟒𝟔𝟏 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟐𝟐𝟓 )(𝟏𝟒.𝟎𝟕 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
Viscosidad de la acetona
A 21°C
𝒈
𝝁𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 (𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 )(𝝆𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 ) (𝒕𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟖𝟏𝟎 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟕𝟖𝟗𝟎 ) (𝟏𝟐.𝟕𝟎 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= = 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟔𝟒𝟏 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟖𝟎𝟐 )(𝟏𝟕.𝟒𝟔 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 30°C
𝒈
𝝁𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 (𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 )(𝝆𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 ) (𝒕𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 ) (𝟎.𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟕 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟖𝟕 )𝟏𝟏.𝟕𝟖 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
= = 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟖𝟗𝟒 𝒄𝒑
𝟏 (𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟓𝟔𝟕 )(𝟏𝟓.𝟎𝟕 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 40°C
𝒈
(𝝁𝑯𝟐 𝑶 )(𝝆𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 ) (𝒕𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 ) (𝟎.𝟔𝟓𝟔𝟎 𝒄𝒑)(𝟎.𝟕𝟔𝟕𝟏 ) (𝟏𝟎.𝟖𝟔 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
𝝁𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒂 = = 𝒈 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟗𝟏𝟑 𝒄𝒑
(𝝆𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝒕𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ) (𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟐𝟐𝟓 )(𝟏𝟒.𝟎𝟕 𝒔)
𝒎𝑳
A 21°C y 1.83 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(1.83𝑐𝑚) (0.99802 ) (981 ) = 44.79
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 30°C y 1.83 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(1.83𝑐𝑚) (0.99567 ) (981 ) = 44.68
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 40°C y 1.83 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(1.83𝑐𝑚) (0.99225 ) (981 ) = 44.53
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 21°C y 1.53 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(1.53𝑐𝑚) (0.8056 ) (981 ) = 30.228
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 30°C y 1.53 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(1.53𝑐𝑚) (0.8054 ) (981 ) = 30.221
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 40°C y 1.53 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(1.53𝑐𝑚) (0.8052 ) (981 ) = 30.213
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 21°C y 0.86 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(0.86𝑐𝑚) (0.7890 ) (981 ) = 16.64
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 30°C y 0.86 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(0.86𝑐𝑚) (0.7787 ) (981 ) = 16.42
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
A 40°C y 0.86 cm
𝑔 𝑐𝑚 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝛾 = (0.5)(𝑟)(ℎ)(𝜌)(𝑔) = (0.5)(0.05𝑐𝑚)(0.86𝑐𝑚) (0.7671 ) (981 ) = 16.17
𝑐𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑐𝑚
Alcohol
𝑉𝑇𝑒𝑜 − 𝑉𝐸𝑥𝑝
𝐸% = | | 𝑥100
𝑉𝑇𝑒𝑝
A 21°C
1.15 𝑐𝑝− 1.2086 𝑐𝑝
𝐸% = | | 𝑥100 = 5.09 %
1.15 𝑐𝑝
A 30°C
A 40°C
0.849 𝑐𝑝−0.7461 𝑐𝑝
𝐸% = | | 𝑥100 = 12.12 %
0.849 𝑐𝑝
Acetona
A 21°C
A 30°C
A 40°C
0.29 𝑐𝑝−0.3913 𝑐𝑝
𝐸% = | | 𝑥100 = 34.93 %
0.29 𝑐𝑝
Agua
A 21°C
A 30°C
A 40°C
0.6560 𝑐𝑝−0.6557 𝑐𝑝
𝐸% = | | 𝑥100 = 0.0457 %
0.0.6560 𝑐𝑝
𝑇𝑇𝑒𝑜 − 𝑇𝐸𝑥𝑝
𝐸% = | | 𝑥100
𝑇𝑇𝑒𝑝
Alcohol
A 21°C
𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
22.2 − 30.228
𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑚
𝐸% = | 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 | 𝑥100 = 36.16%
22.2
𝑐𝑚
A 30°C
𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
21.2 − 30.221
𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑚
𝐸% = | 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 | 𝑥100 = 42.55%
21.2
𝑐𝑚
A 40°C
𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
20.1 − 30.213
𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑚
𝐸% = | 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 | 𝑥100 = 50.31%
20.1
𝑐𝑚
Acetona
A 21°C
𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
23.995 − 16.64
𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑚
𝐸% = | 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 | 𝑥100 = 30.65%
23.995
𝑐𝑚
A 30°C
𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
22.2 − 16.42
𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑚
𝐸% = | 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 | 𝑥100 = 26.03%
22.2
𝑐𝑚
A 40°C
𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
21 − 16.17
𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑚
𝐸% = | 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 | 𝑥100 = 23%
21
𝑐𝑚
Agua
A 21°C
𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
72.59 − 44.79
𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑚
𝐸% = | 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 | 𝑥100 = 38.29%
72.59
𝑐𝑚
A 30°C
𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
71.18 − 44.68
𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑚
𝐸% = | 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 | 𝑥100 = 37.22%
71.18
𝑐𝑚
A 40°C
𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎
69.56 − 44.53
𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑚
𝐸% = | 𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑎 | 𝑥100 = 35.98%
69.56
𝑐𝑚
√𝑀𝑇
𝜇 = 2.67𝑥10−5 ( )
𝜎Ω𝜇
(𝑃𝑜 − 𝑃𝑙 )𝑅2
𝑄= (𝜋𝑅2 )
8𝜇𝐿
2.- Método de Stiel y Thodos: este método se desarrolló para hidrocarburos puros, pero se
puede emplear para otros gases no hidrocarburos excepto el hidrógeno
1 2
𝑁𝑀 ⁄2 𝑃𝑐 ⁄3
𝜇 = 9.91𝑥10−8 ( 1 )
𝑇𝑐 ⁄6
𝜇1 𝜌1 ∗𝑡1
6. Deducir la ecuación = utilizando la ecuación de Poiseuille
𝜇0 𝜌2 ∗𝑡2
𝑑𝑣 (𝜋𝑟 4 (𝜌1 − 𝜌2 ))
=
𝑑𝑡 8𝜇𝐿
4 (𝜌 (𝜋𝑟 4 (𝜌1 − 𝜌2 )𝑡)
(𝜋𝑟 1 − 𝜌2 ))𝑑𝑡
𝜇= = 𝜇=
(8𝜇𝐿)𝑑𝑣 (8𝜇𝐿)
𝑈𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑢𝑛 𝑙í𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎
𝜇1 𝜌1 ∗ 𝑡1 𝜌1 ∗ 𝑡1
= =
𝜇𝐻2𝑂 𝜌𝐻2𝑂 ∗ 𝑡𝐻2𝑂 𝜌2 ∗ 𝑡𝐻2𝑂
𝜌1 ∗ 𝑡1𝐻2𝑂
𝜇1 =
𝜌2 ∗ 𝑡2𝐻2𝑂
7. Explicar la relación entre la tensión superficial y las fuerzas de Van der Waals.
Fuentes
1. CHEMICAL ENGINEER’S HANDBOOK
PERRY AND CHILTON
MC. GRAW HILL, KOGAKUSA
2. THE PROPERTIES OF GASES AND LIQUIDS
REID, PRAUSNITZ, SHERWOOD
MC. GRAW HILL
3. TRATADO DE QUÍMICA FÍSICA
SAMUEL GLASSTONE
AGUILAR