Introduction

Music is inherently in the human psyche regardless of age. Five-month-old babies still
in the womb of unborn babies have been rejuvenated by the heartbeat of the heart. Most babies
who can already sit or stand will exhibit various behaviours and movements when exposed to
ad music. So, it's no surprise that all children have the ability to understand and enjoy music.
They are also born into the rich nature of the sounds and from the beginning they have
interacted with various sounds. In the same way children learn to distinguish sounds, and thus
recognize and understand music. They end up experiencing musical elements indirectly.

Children who are of age who can comply with the rules, in accordance with the
instructions, usually at age four. Children at this age can draw the pic they hear and have
psychomotor controls to play the keyboard. They also need to know, read, and write alphabet
letters A to G because music only uses letters A to G only. So, it's no wonder that today's
children are good at singing even when they are young and also entering a lively contest to
highlight their interest and talents in music.

In the process of determining the process of determining the quality of music education
can be given to pre-schoolers, knowledge and appreciation of knowledge need to be
emphasized. Deep appreciation will determine the implementation or use of more effective
science. However, the language of the music has no fixed rules in the past. In fact, it has
undergone many changes and evolved from time to time.

Definition of music

Music is the sound that is systematically arranged and has its own quality. To produce
quality music, proper and detailed music element compiling is required. These musical
elements include rhythm, melody, harmony, ton tone, texture, shape and expression. The
subjects that are considered important in schools such as language, science and mathematics
that involve language skills, logic, analysis, synthesis, comparative differences are controlled
by the left hemisphere of our brains. Appreciation of Art and Music is controlled by the right
brain. According to the study, the use of a balanced and broad brain can enhance the thinking
and intelligence levels of a person. Haward Garner, a psychologist categorizes music as one of
eight intelligences in Learning Theory: Multiple Intelligences.

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 The first element in music is the rhythm. This rhythm is applied to everything related
to the element of time in music. In this rhythm, there are several other branches, is, seconds,
meters, rhythmic patterns, and rhythms. Also, in the rhythm there are also different values and
different breaks. All notices and breaks have their own distinctive breakdowns.

The second element is the melody. The melody is the tone arrangement of the ton (pic)
horizontally (linear) and contoured. The ton tone is sometimes long, short, or equal, and tons
of sounds determine the melody rhythm. Something melodies change if pic and cadence
change. Pic is a measure of sound or tone of music and it refers to the height or humidity of
something not sounded. Tons in a series of peaches that have links to each other form a group
or a series of pic. The combination of several pic sets will form a melody of the song.

The third element is harmony. Harmony is a combination of two or more not played or
sounded together or simultaneously. The combination of the not-not will form the cord used to
accompany melodies. A three-string cord is known as a triad. The not used to form a triad is
not the first, third and fifth of a skeleton.

The fourth element is ton colour (sound quality). The colour ton is the sounds produced
by various sources that have their own characteristics. For example, tools, human voices,
animals, vehicles, nature and so on. A sound is of different quality and gives a distinctive
picture or idea for example the descriptive word, the dark ton, the bright, the solid, the dark,
the rough, the smooth, and so on. The results and quality of the sound are caused by the tool
itself made of certain materials, how to make and sound. An example is the sound of soprano,
alto, tenor, and bass. Family tools such as membranophone, aero on, cordless and idiophone.

The fifth element is texture. Texture is determined by the various combinations or

combinations of sounds heard. A sound that can be heard can sound thin (one) or thick (many).
Texture is determined by the formation of harmony. In texture there are three components
namely monophonic, homophony and polyphony. Monophony is a row of melodies (one)
horizontally sung or played without accompaniment or no harmony. Homophones are also
melodies with chords. Polyphony is two or more voices singed together, some melodies are
simultaneously sung and harmonious.

The sixth element is a form. The shape is a pattern or pattern that can be generated
through a combination of several pic or tons. The combination of this pic-pic series will
produce a musical idea. The phrase network can be merged to create a larger music idea. Parts

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or segments of music such as intro and final can be held. All musical works have their own
structural structure and works that have a two-part structure called Binary or AB form. Works
of three-part structures are named as the tenets or forms of ABA.

The seventh element is expression. Expression is a musical feature that affects a vowel
or instrumental presentation. This musical feature is dynamic, tempo, term and signalling. A
combination of all descriptive elements including tempo, dynamics that will produce an
expression of musical ideas.

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The importance of music to the movement

Music can help the social development of children's emotions in general emotions mean
feeling. Children have a high and subtle feeling while social means the association of children
with others. Music can help children's social development of emotions where they can express
joy or fun through musical activities. They feel valued when the teacher puts their names in the
song that is sung. Learning will be more effective if they are directly involved in teaching and
learning activities where teachers can organize activities in groups involving all children,
through these activities they will sing and dance with other friends. Besides this activity also
allows the child to express fear, happiness, sadness, anxiety, and so forth.

In addition, this activity can also build self-discipline in children such as waiting for
turn to play musical instruments and ultimately this musical activity will be able to enhance
the self-concept of children by sharing musical instruments with other friends. In addition, the
songs being played will also help the social development of children such as pop or pop songs
can enhance the spirit of the child, making them happy and energetic, as they dance according
to the music rhythm. Instead, classical music helps keep children's attention and concentration,
making them calm and obedient. Children who are actively playing music in groups can
develop socially interacting skills. Self-confidence is developed when a child successfully
memorizes a song.

In addition, music can also help the cognitive development of children. Cognitive skills
are the capabilities of individuals to think, be independent, to give opinion to understand and
to remember the things happening in their respective environments. According to cognitive
development theory jean piaget process of human thought changes completely from birth to
maturity. Each individual will try to face the changes that occur in their environment.

Studies have also suggested that playing a musical instrument has cognitive benefits,
although the size of the measure has not been determined. When teachers teach about music
and play songs to children, children will learn about music concepts such as pic, rhyme and
rhythm.

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 Through the teaching of children's music will be proficient in distinguishing strong and
gentle tone of sound example of the activity to introduce to the student what a loud sound is
that the teacher plays the kerincing to the child and hits the kerincing loudly and states that the
sound is strong, while the activity to introduce The soft sound is that the teacher hugs kerincing
gently and introduces that the sound is soft.

Moreover, through the teaching of children's music will be proficient in distinguishing

long and short sounds. Examples of activities for introducing long sounds to pupils are the
teacher hitting the castle and introducing that the sound is long. While the activity to introduce
that short sound is the teacher hitting the kerincing and introducing that the sound is short.

Through music teaching children will also be proficient in distinguishing high and low
sounds. Examples of activities to introduce high sound is that the teacher thrills the bell as a
high sound while hitting the cast as a low noise. In addition, the music lessons can also expand
the vocabulary of children where when a song is played by a teacher will ask the child to
remember the lyrics of the song that has been played and the child will try to memorize the
lyrics of the song so indirectly the child can know the words new.

In addition, music can also build creativity in children. Creativity is built when children
are encouraged to create their own songs. Music also helps the physical development of
children physical development is the physical change, the rate of growth of body parts, bodily
functions and human physique. Music affects the physical development of children. Music
helps children create movements of teachers can perform dancing activities independently
according to music. Children will be happy. Through this dancing activity will encourage the
development of the gross motto of the child.

Music has always been an integral part of the children's learning system. Children are
exposed to music since childhood, when a mother plays the song rhythm while keeping her
child, singing a child's rhythm tone when presenting a fictional or historical story and singing
activities that children learn at home or in preschools. There are also pregnant women who
have their babies with music since early pregnancy. All stimulants stimulate healthy
development for infants and children. Recent studies prove that music can enhance language
development, the relationship between sounds and words, and the ability of math children and
also enhance the intellectual ability of children.

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 In the third trimester of the fatal enlargement, the brain is preparing for complete
surgery and this condition facilitates the receipt of any form of information. At this point, the
ear of the foetus has been fully formed and slowly begins to recognize the sound of the mother
and the sounds around. At this stage, Prenatal Stimulation is encouraged as this method
involves various stimuli such as sound, motion, pressure and vibration to communicate with
the baby before being born. Babies begin to learn and respond to stimuli that helps in their
physical, mental and sensory development. This exercise helps to strengthen the bond between
the mother and the baby and helps in the development of the emotional and intellectual
potential of the baby.

Most child experts agree that the suitability of music for infants and children is
unlimited as long as the music is not too strong or it hurts the baby's ear. The variety of music
is very useful for the future of the baby as music can foster writing, reading and debating skills.
When the baby starts to grow, they begin to sway, move and dance according to the music
rhythm as all babies have a sense of rhythm and love music. In the first six years, children can
follow rhythm when they try to differentiate senses and sounds from the music rhythm and
gain visualization of the music. The process of getting the meaning of sound is the key to the
beginning of childhood in language development.

During childhood, children can emphasize sounds like "no" and "stop", followed by
grumpy sounds, high tones or other aggressive connotations. It can also be used for positive
words like "good", "good" or "great". Children are able to interpret the meaning through word
tones if the spoken word has the correct and understandable rhythm. Music also has the ability
to rehabilitate children. A study by Stanford University reveals that music can improve reading
for dyslexic children. Children with learning disabilities are able to gain the advantage of
learning the music even though it is instantaneous. They are able to harness music in many
ways and can interact with their feelings with others. They can also help others to understand
them through music played by teams.

Musical experience can improve the brain's ability to quickly identify sound and tone
changes. Children exposed to the music environment will allocate 25 percent of their brain to
analyse the high and low tone of music compared to those who have never known the
instrument. In the left part of the brain there is a Broca Area which is also known as Verbal
Assignment Memory that can handle all storage and processing of verbal information and play
an important role in language processing. Music also helps teach children the meaning of
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responsibility when working in groups. If they cultivate this attitude while playing parts of the
musical instrument in the group, the same will also be done when they are out in the
community. This established collaboration is able to produce beautiful and interesting music
that seeks to uphold the dignity of a work.

During early childhood development, listening is considered an effective learning

process rather than reading. The sooner the child is exposed to the music, the size of the brain
destined to process all the information about the music will become more and more so inducing
them to think more critically and in detail. Children with exposure to music have the advantage
of thinking because both parts of their brains work well as a result of the influence of the music
being heard. Children also grow up perfectly because the basic concepts in music are
emphasizing perfection, collaboration, unity and high recognition.

Based on the study by Dr. Frances Rauscher and Dr. Gordon Shaw, explains that pre-
schoolers who take the subject of music show the ability of spatial and temporal thinking
(which is an essential foundation for maths and science) and a better performance in carrying
out their tasks compared to their friends who did not take the subject of music. Music can also
provide children with literacy improvements. Music is an important component in language
development as it is the best way to engage children in exploring sounds and words, while the
rhythm is a useful tool for improving memory. For example, sing the song "ABCDE" to "Z".
Musical exposure and musical training are able to help children better understand new
information faster as music improves mental ability.

Music can also stimulate children's confidence and self-esteem as music is an important
factor for the development and development of children. The type of music exposed to children
should be given attention by parents as children usually receive whatever they hear. Therefore,
parents are advised not to use music that can put pressure on children beyond their ability as
this can give negative consequences. The best of the music to be heard is the kind of music that
can display the identity of the child because the power of music can also make those who hear
it have the courage to express everything that is in their mind.

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 Music is very important in the development of children’s movement. Music provides
stimulus for children to move them directly or indirectly. Children will respond when they
listen to music. Children respond with sounds as early as in the mother’s womb. There is a
study that shows children who have been exposed to the sound while in the body again show
good mental and physical development.

There are various types of music that can help in the development of children’s
movement. The suitability of music for infants and children is unlimited, as long as the music
is not too strong or painful to the baby's ears. Normally in contention again, mothers like to
listen to soft instrumental music to their babies by applying their headphones to their stomachs.
In addition, Muslim mothers will listen to Quran babies reading their babies.

Apart from assisting the development of children’s movements, music is also able to
foster writing, reading and debate skills. When they are music or a song, their children will
give no response. As the baby grows up, she begins to sway, move and dance according to the
music rhythm

Mothers can also know your baby's feelings by linking music or sounds that produce
certain reactions. In the first six years of age, children can follow the rhythm when they try to
differentiate the senses and sounds of the music rhythm and receive the visual presentation of
the sound

Music also has the capability of restoring children where it can enhance reading for
dyslexic children. It is also able to help them memorize and sharpen their minds. Music also
stimulates hearing and sight

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Direct Approach

Direct references include modelling, demonstration and 'imitating'. Children are easier
to learn in a detailed way. As an example, the game 'Simon Says' is a game most loved by
children. The game involves the instruction and movement done by the child. Teachers can
give you various directions such as touching your feet, lifting your hands, reaching the sky,
putting your hands on your waist, touching your shoulders, touching the head and touching
your knees in the game. Here we will see how these children move in receiving instruction
from teachers.

However, this approach is used minimally in early childhood. Although it is one of the ways
to help children in their learning and development process, they focus only on skills rather than
processes. This approach is seen as limiting the child 's creativity as they do the same at the
same time in masse as well as doing all the movements based on what their teachers are asking.

Movement Exploration

This practice encourages exploration for children and this method should be adopted in
early childhood education. When children are given many possibilities in an open end for
exploration of movement, it will produce various types of responses. For example, when a
teacher asks the child to move two parts to their body at one time, perhaps some of them will
move their hands and some may move their legs and hands. This method encourages children
to find their own way of responding when instructed by their teacher. Children should be given
the freedom to experiment in solving problems without interruption or guidance from teachers.

This method allows children to participate and demonstrate success over their level of
development and abilities. In addition to enhancing their level of self - confidence, it can also
encourage children to be independent, patient, and learn to accept ideas from others.
Additionally, it is important for children where this method shows them towards a diverse range
of human movements.

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Types of Music

1. Classic Music
Music has always been an integral part of the children's learning system.
For example, a mother will sing the song's rhythm while keeping her child to sleep.
This stimulation provides healthy development to infants and children. Recent research
proves that music can enhance language development, speech-sounding, math skills,
and some enhance the intellectual ability of children. The music that can be the parents'
option for is to be heard to children is classical and pop music.
Classical music is a music born of European culture around 1750-1825. This classical
music is a term that gives three different meanings of European cultural music related
to a very high cultural value and in contrast to modern popular music or old-fashioned
music (including traditional music in non-European countries). The European tradition
is similar to some non-European traditions. A detailed section in the development of
European art music tradition rooted from the 18th century. The classical music term did
not appear until the beginning of the 19th century. It was introduced in an attempt to
bring the Bach era to Bethethoven as one of the "art" in the glorious era of sculpture,
architecture and classical antiquities. This is because, usually, music art does not
survive. Since then, the term is used as a musical genre which means not popular music
or old-fashioned music. The significance of classical music to children is to give
children a sense of calm because this classical music has a calming tone for the listener.
In addition, classical music helps keep children's attention and focus, making them calm
and obedient.

2. Pop Music
Pop music is an important genre of popular music distinguished from classical music,
artistic music, and from folk music. This term shows specific typical characteristics,
but it also includes artists who use many styles such as rock, hip hop, rhythm & blues
(R & B) and American folk songs. Therefore, pop music can be said to be a futuristic
category. In addition, the term pop music can also be used to refer to soft rock or pop /
rock.
These pop or rock songs can enhance the spirit of the children and make them happy
and energetic when they dance according to the music rhythm. In their first six years,

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children can follow rhythm when they try to differentiate senses and sounds from the
music rhythm and get the visual presentation. The process of getting the meaning of
sound is the key to the start of the child in language development. During teen’s age,
the child can determine the emphasis on sounds like no and stops, followed by grumpy
sounds, high tones or other aggressive connotations. Examples of children's pop-ups
are the songs of three mussels, twinkle-twinkle little stars and so on.

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Conclusion

In conclusion, music has had a huge impact on the movement of children. Without us,
children will respond when they hear a song, especially the song that is fast and vibrant. We as
potential teachers and parents will have to pay attention to this. In addition, we should always
give stimulus and encouragement to these children so that they can strengthen and improve the
skills of the children.

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