Mr. Dan Lhery S.

Gregorious

PRELIM EXAMINATION
EDUC – 604 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

1. In your own perspective, how can worldviews help you as a researcher? Given the four worldviews,
what kind of researcher are you and why? (Answers should not exceed 10 sentences for 10 points)

The worldviews is our fundamental guide in creating research paradigm,

analysis and reporting. These plays a big role in doing research. It will helps me in
deciding on what kind method or type of research I will conduct whether it is a
qualitative, quantitative, or mixed method. It also deals with the nature of the
research study and even affect the kinds of conclusions that I might be drawn. As
a researcher, I would choose social constructivist as I seek the narrative
experience to my participants I would be able to catch new ideas and develop
theories. This would help the readers to go beyond the lines as they read the
narrative data.

2. You are a faculty member at a college. You have heavy teaching load but must also conduct research
as you decide to combine the two by implementing several interacting techniques in the classroom and
evaluating how your students learn. You want to go beyond test scores and assess what students are
taking away from each of the interactive techniques, and the ways student respond to higher order
thinking based on the competencies you have developed in class. Frame a qualitative design that
includes theoretical framework, research purpose, research questions, research design, ethical issues
that may arise, and its scope and delimitation. (For 20 points)

Theoretical Framework is not necessarily to Phenomenological Research

Research Purpose
The purpose of the research is to explore and described the learning experiences of students using
interactive techniques. The research will be conducted in able to get narrative
data that would give a larger picture on the experiences of students who were
under in the class of using interactive techniques.
Research Questions
1. How may the learning experiences of participants be described?
2. What insights may be drawn from their learning experiences?\
3. What are the implications of these insights that may help in formulating learning competencies using
interactive techniques?

The phenomenological approach is used for this study. Phenomenology, rooted deep in the
works of philosophers such as Kant, Hegel and Mach, was formally introduced by Edmund Husserl
at the beginning of the twentieth century (Moran, 2000; Guignon, 2006). Husserl became known as
the founder, or pioneer, of phenomenology (Moran, 2000; Moustakas, 1994) with a desire to
convert philosophy into a strict science (Guignon, 2006). Husserl believed the key to separating
science from philosophy was to direct attention toward meanings that connect our experience of
objects (Guignon, 2006). Phenomenological principles assert that scientific investigation is valid
when the information gained comes about through rich description that allows for understanding
of the essences of experience (Moustakas, 1994). Phenomenological research is a qualitative
strategy in which the researcher identifies the essence of human experiences about a phenomenon
as described by participants in a study (Creswell, 2009). In this approach, the researcher focuses on
a concept or phenomenon and seeks to understand the meaning of experiences of individuals who
have experienced or “lived” the phenomenon. Phenomenology also employs the use of bracketing
where a researcher sets aside his or her knowledge of and experiences related to the subject in
order to “see things as they appear, free from prejudgments and preconceptions”
(Moustakas,1994). The researcher is also present in the research in that he or she introduces his or
her personal understandings into the study.
Phenomenological research (Waters, 2016) describes a lived experience of a
phenomenon. As this is a qualitative analysis of narrative data, methods, to analyze its data is quite
different from more traditional or quantitative method of research. Furthermore, Phenomenology
focused on the subjectivity of reality, continually pointing out the need of to understand how
humans view themselves and the world around them (Willis, 2007).

Ethical Issues
Very little ethical issues since the only primary worry of the teacher-researcher is that the student were
minors and need to have a parental consent before the interview. The teacher -researcher should used
informed consent and protocol during the interview.
Scope And Delimitation
This research is about the learning experiences of students under the interactive techniques class. The
researcher utilized grade 11 Senior High School under Humanities and Social Sciences during the first
semester of Academic Year 2018-2019 under the subject Introduction to world religion and belief
System. The researcher delimits its study to those students who excel in their class.

3. Compare and contrast content analysis and grounded theory. Be sure to consider similarities/
differences in aims, procedures, types of data gathering methods, epistemology and its relation to
quantitative approaches. (For 10 points)
A researcher who uses grounded theory aims to generate a substantive theory that will explain a
phenomenon in a specific context and suited to its supposed use. The emphasis in grounded theory is
theory development. Thus, grounded theory is appropriate when no theory exists or when a theory
exists that is too abstract to be tested, but it is not appropriate for the test of a theory or generation of
knowledge from objective reality. In contrast, a researcher who uses qualitative content analysis aims to
“systematically describe the meaning” of materials in a certain respect that the researcher specified
from research questions . Although both grounded theory and qualitative content analysis follow coding
processes, content analysis does not focus on finding relationships among categories or theory building;
instead, it focuses on extracting categories from the data. Grounded theory could be utilized if the
researcher makes an inquiry when no relevant theory exists, grounded theory gives the researcher a
creative approach without confining him or her to an already existing realm of theory . It allows the
researcher to look at phenomena with new eyes and from new perspectives without restriction within
already existing hypotheses. Moreover the qualitative content analysis could leads to understanding of
social reality or phenomena through interpretation of a variety of verbal or written recorded
communication materials. It allows the researcher to process large quantities of data. It is flexible in
that the data can be verbal or visual and sampled from other sources as well as collected by the
researcher. If the main sources of data are written text, it is an unnoticeable method because no
unwanted interaction effects occur between participants and researchers
4. Read the attached article entitled: Arts Informed Research Dissemination in the Health
Sciences: An Evaluation of people’s responses to “The 7,024th Patient” Arts Installation by Jennifer L.
lapum, Linda Liu, Kathryn Church, Terrence M. Yau, Perine Ruttonsha, Alison Mathhews David, and Bruk
Retta, and anser the following briefly.
4.1 What is the research all about? What is its purpose and research questions?
The research is all about the patients’ experiences of open-heart surgery and recovery. The aim
was to keep its meaning intact, while drawing out the experiential details of participants’ stories.
4.2 How did the researchers plan in getting their participants? What procedures did they apply?
The researchers displayed the installation were in it is a tarpaulin and an introductory panel
provided brief background information about the underlying study, the main research findings, and the
use of the arts as a dissemination method. They also seek for ethical considerations from the place were
they displayed the installation. The researchers after securing consent able to gather stories and
feedback from the participants using Focus Group Discussion, interviews and written comments.
4.3 Upon reading the article, what possible ethical issues do you think may arise in their study?
What are your thoughts about the study? What is its impact to you as a student of Qualitative
Research?
Anonymity of the subject may be seen here since there were only few who were undergone in a open
heart surgery. It is critical that qualitative researchers justify and describe for readers the reasons for
and the process of transformation and interpretation, so that the practical implications are clear . Hence
making these kind of research would be great accomplishment as they transform the stories into
something that readers would easily to sympathize and empathize.