1

QUESTIONS

Q#1 Name the class of Diuretics that act on this part of the tubule.
Q#2 Name two drugs that block the channel marked with an arrow.
Q#3 What is the major advantage of this class compared to other diuretics?
Q#4 Which hormone acts on this part of the tubule?
Q#5 What are the two major side-effects of this drug?
KEY:

Q#1 Potassium Sparing Diuretics 1

Q#2 Amiloride, Triamterene 1
Q#3 They do not cause hypokalemia. 1
Q#4 Aldosterone; 1
Q#5 Hyperkalemia, Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis, Gynecomastia, Acute Renal Failure, Kidney 1
Stones.
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QUESTIONS

Q#1 What class of Diuretics acts on the channel marked with an arrow?
Q#2 Name two Diuretics in this class.
Q#3 Give two major side effects of this class.
Q#4 Name two clinical indications for this class.
Q#5 Why this class of diuretics is more effective than the others?
KEY:

Q#1 Loop Diuretics 1

Q#2 Furosemide, Ethacrynic Acid, Bumetanide, Torsamide 1
Q#3 Hypokalemic Metabolic Acidosis, Ototoxicity, Hyperuricemia, Hypomagnesemia, 1
Allergic Reactions
Q#4 Hyperkalemia. Acute Heart Failure, Acute Renal Failure, Anion Overdose. 1
Q#5 Because they diminish the maximum concentrating capability of the kidney 1
QUESTIONS:

Q#1 Name any two loop diuretics

Q#2 Describe the mechanism of action of loop diuretics.
Q#3 Give any two toxicities / side effects of loop diuretics.
KEY:

Q#1 Furosemide, Bumetanide, Ethacrynic Acid, Torsemide

Q#2 Inhibit coupled Na/K/2Cl cotransporter pump in the luminal membrane of thick ascending limb of loop of
Henle. Increase in renal blood flow. Increase renal excretion of K and H.

Q#3 Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis. Ototoxicity. Hyperuricemia. Allergic reactions. Hypomagnesemia.

Esinophilia. Interstitial nephritis. Dehydration. Hyponatremia. Hypercalciuria
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QUESTIONS

Q#1 What class of Diuretics acts on the channel marked with an arrow?

Q#2 Name two Diuretics in this class.

Q#3 Name two major side effects of this class.

Q#4 Name two clinical indications for the use of these diuretics

KEY:
Q#1 Thiazide Diuretics 1

Q#2 Hydrochlorothiazide, Idapamide, Chlorothalidone, Metlazone, Quienthazone. 1

Q#3 Hypokalemic Metabolic Acidosis, Impaired Carbohydrate Tolerance, Hyperlipidemia,

Hyponatremia, Allergic Reactions. 2

Q#4 Hypertension, Nephrolithiasis, Congestive Heart Failure, Nephrogenic Diabetes Insidpidus. 1

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QUESTIONS

Q#1 Identify the class of the drug that acts on the enzyme marked with an arrow?

Q#2 Name two drugs in this class.

Q#3 Name two clinical uses of this class.

Q#4 What are the two main side-effects of this class of drugs?

KEY:
Q#1 Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors.

Q#2 Acetazolamide and Dichlorophenamide.

Q#3 Glaucoma, Urine Alkalinization, Metabolic Alkalosis, Acute Mountain Sickness, Hypokalemic
Periodic Paralysis.

Q#4 Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis, Renal Stones, Renal Potassium wasting, Allergic Reactions,
Drowsiness and Paresthesias.
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QUESTIONS

Q#1 What class of Diuretics acts on the channel marked with an arrow?

Q#2 Name two Diuretics in this class.

Q#3 Give two major side effects of this class.

Q#4 Name two clinical indications for the this class.

Q#5 Why this class of diuretics is more effective than the others?

KEY:

Q#1 Loop Diuretics. 1

Q#2 Furosemide, Ethacrynic Acid, Bumetanide, Torsamide 1

Q#3 Hypokalemic Metabolic Acidosis, Ototoxicity, Hyperuricemia, Hypomagnesemia,

Allergic Reactions. 1

Q#4 Hyperkalemia. Acute Heart Failure, Acute Renal Failure, Anion Overdose. 1

Q#5 Because they diminish the maximum concentrating capability of the kidney. 1

QUESTIONS:

Q#1 To which group of diuretics does acetazolamide belong?

Q#2 Give any two clinical uses

Q#3 Give any two toxicities / side effects

KEY:

Q#1 Carbonate anhydrase inhibitors

Q#2 Glaucoma. Urinary alkalinization. Metabolic alkalosis. Acute mountain sickness. Epilepsy. Hypokalemic
periodic paralysis. To increase urinary phosphate excretion in severe hyperphosphatemia

Q#3 Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Renal stones (phosphate, hypercalciuria). Increase potassium excretion.
Drowsiness, paresthesias.Hypersensitivity reactions
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