ISSN XXXX XXXX © 2017 IJESC

Research Article Volume 7 Issue No.5

Smart City IoT Based Weather Monitoring System

Adil Hamid Malik1, Aaqib jalal2, Bilal Ahmed Parray3, Meena kohli4
BE student1, 2, 3, Assistant Professor4
Department of ECE
Model Institute of Engineering and Technology Jammu, India

Abstract:
Climatic change and environmental monitoring have received much attention recently. Man wants to stay updated about the latest of
latest weather conditions of any place like a college campus or any other particular building. Since the world is changing so fast so
should the weather stations. Here in this paper we present a weather station that is very helpful for smart city challenges. This weather
station is based on IoT (internet of things). It is equipped with environmental sensors used to capture distributed meteorological
measurements at any particular place and report them in real time on cloud. To accomplish this we used Raspberry pi2 and different
environmental sensors like DHT11, rain drop sensor module KG004, MQ2 and a buzzer. The sensors constantly sense the weather
parameters and keeps on transmitting it to the online web server over a wifi connection. The weather parameters are uploaded on the
cloud and then provides the live reporting of weather informatics. Also system allows user to set alerts for particular instances, the
system provides alerts to user if the weather parameters cross those values. This paper also focuses on the IoT application in the new
generation of environmental informatics and provides a new paradigm for environmental monitoring in future. It will also give the
graphical representation of the weather parameters that will help the user to compare the weather stastics of different instants of time
and from this graphical representation the user can predict the weather of that particular place. The system has been development
particularly in the view of building smart city by giving the weather update of any particular place like a particular office or room.

Keywords- Raspberry pi, weather monitoring, IoT, Thingspeak, Cloud, Wireless network, Smart city, temperature and humidity
sensor, pressure sensor, rain sensor, rain sensor

1. INTRODUCTION therapeutic guides, versatile human services, elderly help, clever

Introduction to IoT: The internet of Things (IoT) is viewedas an
innovation and financial wave in the worldwide data industry
after the Internet. The IoT is a wise system which associates all
things to the Internet with the end goal of trading data and
conveying through the data detecting gadgets as per concurred
conventions. It accomplishes the objective of keen recognizing,
finding, following, observing, and overseeing things [1]. It is an
augmentation and extension of Internet-based system, which
grows the correspondence from human and human to human and
things or things and things. In the IoT worldview, many articles
encompassing us will be associated into systems in some shape
[4]. It is a current correspondence paradigm that envisions a near
future, in which the objects of regular day to day existence will
be outfitted with microcontrollers, handsets for computerized
correspondence, and reasonable convention stacks that will make
them ready to speak with each other and with the clients, turning
into a vital piece of the Internet [5]. The IoT idea, consequently,
goes for making the Internet much more immersive and
unavoidable. Moreover, by empowering simple get to and
association with a wide assortment of gadgets, for example, for
example, home apparatuses, reconnaissance cameras, checking
sensors, actuators, showcases, vehicles, et cetera, the IoT will
encourage the advancement of various applications that make
utilization of the possibly gigantic sum and assortment of
information created by such questions give new administrations
to subjects, organizations, and open organizations. This
worldview in reality finds application in a wide range of areas,
for example, home mechanization, modern robotization,
vitality administration and brilliant networks, car, traffic
administration, and numerous others [6]. Now coming the main
topic, Environmental issues like environmental change have
gotten much consideration as of late, and natural checking make
us ready to pick up an expansive comprehension of regular
environmental forms. Environmental monitoring procedures is a
basic assignment for both researchers and specialists. From past
decade environmental data has gotten an extremely quick
advancement and wide applications in checking environmental
processes. Environmental informatics includes particular natural
issues identified with the uses of software engineering and
frameworks building methods, administration information
framework, and ecological data framework, which were intended
to gather, process and trade information since the 1980s.
Automatic data acquisition has been quickly expanded by
assortment of advancements, for example, remote detecting, land
data framework, worldwide situating framework et cetera. From
the 2000s, the multiplication of programmed information
securing innovations, for example, radio recurrence recognizable
proof and sensor advances, was acquainted with make choice
emotionally supportive networks and coordinated ecological data
systems and furthermore conveyed new essentialness to
environmental monitoring. The fast advancement and wide
utilization of natural informatics has huge enhanced
environmental monitoring and viability. In the most recent
decade, the internet of things (IoT), an idea depicting how the
internet reaches out into people groups' regular daily existences
through a remote system of particularly identifiable objects[1], is
anticipated to have the capacity to advance the whole procedure

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of environmental monitoring[2]. Present developments in
innovation principally concentrate on controlling and checking
of various exercises. These are progressively rising to achieve
the human needs. Most of this innovation is centered around
proficient observing and controlling diverse exercises. A
proficient natural observing framework is required to screen and
evaluate the conditions if there should arise an occurrence of
surpassing the endorsed level of parameters (e.g., temperature,
humidity, CO). At the point when the objects like environment
outfitted with sensor gadgets, microcontroller and different
programming applications turns into a self-securing and self-
observing condition and it is likewise called as smart
environment. In such environment when some occasion happens
the alert alarms automatically. The impacts due to the natural
changes on creatures, plants and human creatures can be checked
and controlled by smart environmental monitoring system. By
embedded intelligence insight into the earth makes environment
intelligent with different destinations, this is one of the
application that smart environment targets. Human needs
requests distinctive sorts of observing frameworks these are
relies on upon the sort of information accumulated by the sensor
gadgets. Occasion Detection based and Spatial Handle
Estimation are the two classes to which applications are
arranged. At first the sensor gadgets are sent in condition to
detect the parameters (e.g., Temperature, Humidity, Pressure,
rain and CO and so on.) while the information obtaining,
computation and controlling activity (e.g., the varieties in the
temperature, weight, mugginess and CO levels as for the
predetermined levels). Sensor gadgets are put to gather the
information to anticipate the conduct of a specific territory of
intrigue.
The primary point of the this paper is to outline and actualize a
productive monitoring system through which the required
parameters are checked remotely utilizing internet and the
information accumulated from the sensors are put away in the
cloud and to extend the evaluated incline on the web browser.
An answer for observing the temperature, humidity, pressure,
rain and CO levels i.e., any parameter esteem crossing its edge
esteem ranges, for case CO levels in air in a specific zone
surpassing the typical levels and so on., in the environment
utilizing remote embedded computing system is proposed in this
paper. The arrangement additionally gives an astute remote
checking for a specific zone of intrigue. In this paper we
additionally exhibit a slanting consequences of gathered or
detected information concerning the ordinary or indicated scopes
of specific parameters. The embedded system is an mix of sensor
gadgets, wireless communication which empowers the client to
remotely get to the different parameters and store the
information in cloud[7].
2. RELATED WORK
There are a few WSN configuration plans accessible to log the
sensor information. A case of WSN frameworks is outlined in
mechanization in development [8] where the authors clarify an
electronic building ecological checking framework utilizing
WSN. A considerable case of incorporating Thingspeak cloud
with a remote structure is clarified in car checking frameworks
[9] where the information gathered from a variety of sensors are
refreshed over Thingspeak cloud utilizing Beagle Bone Black
International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, May 2017
board. There has been an amazing instructional exercise sort
material [10] which unmistakably discloses how to begin with
Thingspeak streamed by Arduino IDE (Integrated Development
Environment) and Thingspeak incorporation. An online
instructional exercise on live climate station [11] improves how
to incorporate Arduino UNO with Thingspeak cloud without
utilizing any web shield through a C# customer application. In
another case of WSN [12], authors portrays climate cum
catastrophe ready framework utilizing Zigbee/IEEE802.15.4
standard that sends the sensor information to a neighborhood
SQL (Structured Query Language) based server to insinuate the
status. A powerful case of surge estimating model utilizing WSN
is depicted [13]. A comparable surge early cautioning
framework, in view of SMS and web is proposed [14] that
utilizations WSN and java programming module.
In any case, not very many of them have been effective in
refreshing the gathered information over cloud and giving the
other customer hubs a chance to get to those information as and
when required. Furthermore, none of them permit the client get
to the framework to quickly know the present status when he is
far from his area or home. Thirdly, it's advantageous to make
framework PC autonomous and let the client get to the
framework from cell phone sitting from anyplace. A decent case
of moment ready era plan of cataclysmic event is accessible [15]
which utilizes Arduino GSM (Global System for Mobile
Communications) shield to send the ready notice to the clients.
3. MOTIVATION OF THIS PAPER
The proposed Embedded gadget is for checking Temperature,
Humidity, Pressure, and CO levels in the air to make the earth
shrewd or intuitive with the articles through wireless
communication. The proposed model is appeared in figure 2
which is more versatile and distributive in nature to screen the
environmental parameters. The proposed model is examined in a
4-level model with the elements of every individual modules
created for air contamination checking. The proposed
demonstrate comprises of 4-tiers. The tier 1 is nature, sensor
gadgets in tier 2, sensor information securing and basic
leadership in level 3 and astute condition in tier 4.
The proposed design is appeared in figure 2. Here, the tier 1
gives data about the parameters under the locale which is to be
checked for air pollution control. Tier 2 manages the sensor
gadgets with appropriate attributes, highlights and each of these
sensor gadgets are worked and controlled in light of their
affectability and in addition the scope of detecting.
In the middle of tier 2 and tier 3 fundamental detecting and
controlling moves will be made relying on the conditions, such
as settling the edge esteem, periodicity of detecting, message
(buzzer) and so on. In light of the information investigation
performed in the middle of tier 2 and tier 3 and furthermore from
past encounters the parameter edge values amid basic
circumstances or ordinary working conditions are resolved. Tier
3 depicts about the information obtaining from sensor gadgets
and furthermore incorporates the basic leadership. Which
indicate the condition the information is speaking to which
parameter.
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 5. SYSTEM DESIGN

A. Overview
The block diagram of the proposed novel wireless framework of
a live weathe buzzer

Figure. 1. Proposed model Figure.3. Functional block diagram

In the proposed demonstrate tier 4 manages the clever condition.
Which implies it will recognize the varieties in the sensor A. Raspberry pi
information and settle the edge esteem contingent upon the
distinguished level of CO. In this level detected information will
be prepared, put away in the cloud i.e.in to the Google spread
sheets and furthermore it will demonstrate a pattern of the
detected parameters as for the predefined values. The end clients
can peruse the information utilizing cell phones, PCs and so
forth.

4.FLOWCHART

Figure.4. Raspberry pi
It has a Broadcom system on a chip (SoC), which incorporates
an ARM compatible central processing unit (CPU) and an on-
chip graphics processing unit (GPU, a VideoCore IV). CPU
speed ranges from 700 MHz to 1.2 GHz and on board memory
run from 256 MB to 1 GB RAM. Secure Digital (SD) cards are
utilized to store the operating system and program memory in
either the SDHC or MicroSDHC sizes. Most sheets have in the
vicinity of one and four USB spaces, HDMI and composite
video yield, and a 3.5 mm telephone jack for sound. Bring down
level yield is given by various GPIO pins which bolster basic
protocols like I²C. The B-models have a 8P8C Ethernet port. The
Foundation gives Raspbian, a Debian-based Linux dissemination
for download, and also outsider Ubuntu, Windows 10 IOT Core,
RISC OS, and specific media focus appropriations. It advances
Python and Scratch as the primary programming language, with
support for some different languages. The default firmware is
shut source, while an informal open source is accessible[16].

B. Temperature sensor and humidity sensor

Figure.2. Flow chart

Figure.5. temperature and humidity sensor

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The DHT11 is an essential, ultra minimal effort computerized
temperature and humidity sensor. It utilizes a capacitive
humidity sensor and a thermistor to gauge the surrounding air,
and releases a digital data on the data pin (no analog information
pins required). The main genuine drawback of this sensor is you
can just get new information from it once every 2 seconds, so
when utilizing our library, sensor readings can be up to 2
seconds old. It works on 3 to 5V power supply. Good for 20-
80% humidity readings with 5% accuracy and for 0-50°C
temperature readings ±2°C accuracy [17]

C. CO sensor
Fig ure.7. pressure sensor

E. Rain sensor

Figure.6. CO sensor
Carbon monoxide sensor, suitable for sensing CO concentration
in air. The MQ-7 can sense CO-gas concentration somewhere in
the range of 20 to 2000ppm. This sensor has a high affectability
and quick reaction time. The sensor's yield is a analog resistance.
The drive circuit is exceptionally straightforward; you should
simply control the heater curl with 5V, include a load resistance,
and associate the output to an ADC[6]. The standard reference
strategy for the estimation of carbon monoxide concentration in
air depends on the ingestion of infrared radiation by the gas in a
Figure.8. rain sensor
no dispersive photometer. This technique is reasonable for stable
The rain sensor module is a simple device for rain recognition. It
establishments at fixed site monitoring stations. All the more as
is utilized for measuring rainfall intensity. The module
of late, convenient carbon monoxide analyzers with data-logging
highlights, a rain board and the control board that is separate for
have turned out to be accessible for individual presentation
more accommodation, power pointer LED and a flexible
observing. These estimations depend on the electrochemical
affectability however a potentiometer. Associated with 5V
responses between carbon monoxide and de-ionized water,
power supply, the LED will turn on when induction board has no
which are detected by exceptionally planned sensors. These days
rain drop, and DO output is high. While dropping a little sum
the determination, strength and affectability of the
water, DO output is low, the switch marker will turn on. Brush
electrochemical analyzers are inside the details of the reference
off the water beads, and when re-established to the underlying
technique and, together with the data-logging systems, they fit
state, outputs high state[18].
into a little rucksack or even a pocket.
F. Thingspeak
Conversion factors
According to its developers, “Thing Speak” is an open source
1 ppm= 1.145 mg/m3
Internet of Things (IOT) application and API to store and
1 mg/mg = 0.873 ppm
retrieve data from things using the HTTP protocol over the
Internet or via a Local Area Network. Thing Speak enables the
D. Pressure sensor
creation of sensor logging applications, location tracking
applications, and a social network of things with status updates".
i. The BMP180 is the capacity good successor of the
Thing Speak has incorporated support from the numerical
BMP085, another era of high exactness digital pressure sensor
registering programming MATLAB from MathWorks permitting
for customer applications. The ultra-low power, low voltage
Thing Speak clients to examine and imagine transferred
hardware of the BMP180 is streamlined for use in cell phones,
information utilizing Matlab without requiring the buy of a
PDAs, GPS navigation devices and open air hardware. With a
Matlab permit from Mathworks[7].
low height noise of simply 0.25m at quick change time, the
BMP180 offers unrivaled execution. The I2C interface takes into
6. TESTING AND RESULTS
consideration simple framework incorporation with a
microcontroller. The BMP180 depends on piezo-resistive
Fig 9 shows the hardware setup of this paper consisting of
innovation for EMC vigor, high precision and linearity as well as
raspberry pi2, temperature, humidity, pressure, rain and CO
long haul strength. Works at 3 to 5V power supply. Pressure
sensors.
sensing range: 300-1100 hPa (9000m to -500m above sea
level)[19].

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Figure.9. hardware setup
In the wake of detecting the information from various sensor
gadgets, which are set specifically range of intrigue. The Wi-Fi
association must be set up to exchange sensors information to
end client and furthermore send it to the cloud storage for future
utilization. The detected information will be consequently sent to
the web server, when a legitimate association is built up with
server device. The detected information will be put away in
cloud (Google Spread Sheets). The information put away in
cloud can be utilized for the examination of the parameter and
consistent observing reason. The figure 9 demonstrates the
temperature, humidity, pressure, rain and CO in air at customary
time interims. All the data will be put away in the cloud, with the
goal that we can give slanting of temperature, humidity,
pressure, rain and CO levels in a specific territory at anytime of
time.
Figure.10. Weather data updated to Thingspeak cloud
7. CONCLUSION
In this paper a financially savvy little model of wireless structure
of live weather station is proposed in view of Raspberry pi2
design with wired and wireless network. This research
International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, May 2017
concentrates on creating inventive ways and modules snared
with cluster of sensors to screen, show and alarm the weather
estimate and notices as and when required utilizing the benefit of
cloud administration to use the cutting edge detecting and
communication innovations. The proposed framework uses
temperature, humidity, rain, air pressure and CO sensors to
decide the states of environmental changes and updates those
measured qualities from an uncovered field in a cloud database,
Google spreadsheet and one drive in close ongoing. This permits
the checking of the information transferred on the cloud server
from any area utilizing internet. The real sensor module
alongside microcontroller is set at the housetop surface to
transfer the gathered weather data to cloud server. The created
model is financially savvy and can be introduced anyplace in
area. The general framework is secure as it just gives the outside
client a chance to see the weather data by utilizing the
readymade data viewing URL on web program regardless of the
possibility that he doesn't have advanced mobile phone.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS the authors thank all exploration
colleagues for their wholehearted cooperation amid this work,
and furthermore thank the mysterious refs and partner editors for
their quick remarks and astute proposals on the manuscript.
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