Standard Specification for Glass Beads Used in Traffic Paints AASHTO Designation: M 247-08 SCOPE 14 This specification covers glass beads to be dropped or sprayed upon pavement markings so as to produce a reflectorized pavement marking. 12, Types: @ 124 Type I—shall be known as a standard gradation. 1.2.2. Type IM—shall be known as modified gradation, 123. Type I1—shall be known as a uniform gradation, 13, Coatings: 134 Flotation —Any of the above gradation types may be obtained with oleophobic properties at the request of the purchaser (Note 1) 13.2. Moisture Resistance—Any of the above types may be obtained with hydrophobic properties if so specified by the purchaser 133. Adherence~Any of the above types may be obtained with an adhesion coating is so specified by the purchase. Note 1—Any of the above types of beads may be specified with a combination of two of the above coatings. Dual coated beads must test positive for the presence of both specified properties. 1.4, “The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard 15. This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does rot purport to address all ofthe safety concerns associated with its use. It isthe responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 24 ASTM Standards ‘D5, Standard Practice for Sampling Ageregates 1D 1214, Test Method of Sieve Analysis of Glass Spheres D155, Test Method for Roundness of Glass Spheres m_ D 1213, Test Method for Crushing Resistance of Glass Spheres TS-4c M2a74 ‘AASHTO.mE 105, Standard Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials mE 1617, Standard Practice for Reporting Particle Size Characterization Data E1994, Standard Practice for Use of Process Oriented AOQL and LTPD Sampling Plans. 2.2. ‘ederal Standards: ‘Federal Standard No. 40, CFR 261.24, Table 1 Maximum Concentration of Contaminants for the Toxicity Characteristic 23 Other Standards: a 1 ANSVASQZ.4 and 21.9, Sampling Procedure and Tables for Inspection by Attributes 3. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 7 34 The beads shall be transparent, clean, colorless glass, smooth and spherically shaped, foe from nitkiness, pit, or excessive air bubbles and conform to the following specific requirements. 32. The glass beads must not exhibit a characteristic of toxicity relative to heavy metals, when tested in accordance with EPA 40 CFR 261.24 4. SPECIFIC PROPERTIES — 4a Gradation—The beads shall meet the gradation requirements for type as given in Table 1 Table 1—Gradation of Glass Beads Sieve Designation Mass Percent Passing Standard, mm Alternate No. Typel___‘TypeIM__‘Typel Te 16 100 100 = 0880 2 5-100 40-100 «m0 a0 15.95 50-75 ons 40 - sas 0300 x0 sas os oso 0 os e130 100 es : - 42 Roundness—The glass beads shall have a minimum of 70 percent true spheres 4.3. Refractive Index—The glass beads shall have a refractive index of 1.50-1.55. 44 Coatings: Flotation, Moisture Resistance, and Adierence—When tested in accondance with Section 5.3, the presence ofthe purchaser specified coatings wll be unambiguous 45, The beads shall be dry and free of lumps and clusters. 5. "METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING 5.1, The sampling shall be random in the following ratios—45 kg (100 Ib) of sample (in full bags) per 4535 kg (10000 Ib) shipped. Upon arrival material shall be reduced in a sample splitter to a size of approximately 1 kg. Alternatively, Statistical Process Control Methods following ASTM E 105 and E 1994, and D 75 or ANSV/ASQ Z1.4 and 21.9 may be used to monitor the quality ofthe TS-4c — ‘AASHTO52. 5.24 5.2.2. 5.23. 53. 5.3.4. 5.3.4.1 5.3.2. 5.3.2.1 product so that it meets the requirement of the applicable detail specification. The supplier shall state in a Declaration of Conformity the sampling plans and test methods used. The following requirements shall be tested with the following test methods: Gradation—ASTM D 1214, Alternatively a mechanical, optical or instrumental method with traceable standards is acceptable provided that it correlates to acceptable results obtained using ASTM D 1214, or documentation showing correlation to the referee method referenced in ASTM D 1214, and follows ASTM E 1617. In the event of nonconformity ASTM D 1214 “Hand Sieve willbe the referee-method —— oundness ASTM D 115, Alternatively a meshanicl opel or nsrumentl method with tecable standards is ecepable provided tat corel to aceptble results obtained using ASTM D 1155, or documentation showing coreation othe referee method referenced in ASTM iiss, and follows ASTM E 1617 nts even ofnonsonformity ASTI D 1135, Procedure willbe the referee method e Refractive Index shall be tested by a liquid immersion method (Becke Line Method or equal) at a temperature of 25 + 5°C (17 =9°F), Coatings Tests: Flow Characteristics Test—Referee Method A100 g sample of beads is placed in a Coming 3140 crystallizing dish (or equivalent), 100-mm diameter by 50-mm depth. Place the dish in a Coming 3080 Desiccator (or equivalent) 250-mm inside diameter by 330-mm overall height and 130-mm chamber depth, which shall be filled with sulfuric acid-water solution having a specific gravity of 1.10 (approximately 94 percent humidity) to a point 25.4 mm below the top of a size 5 Coors 60003 Desiceator Plate (or equivalent). The sample shall remain in the covered Desiccator at 25 + 5°C for four hours. Remove the sample from the Desiccator and transfer the beads to a metal pan, The beads shall flow without stoppage when poured slowly through a standard glass funnel (Corning 6120 or equivalent), 127-mm diameter, 102-mm stem length, and 1 -mm stem inside diameter (Note 2) Note 2—The est operations shouldbe performed immediately on moval ofthe beads from a the Desiceator. Moisture Proof Coating Test—Referee Method ‘A 100-g sample of beads is placed in a 600-mL beaker. With the beaker held at about a 45 degree ngle, 100 mL. of distilled water is slowly added to the beaker. The water is carefully poured down the side of the tilted beaker. The beads are to remain undisturbed. The beaker is allowed to stand, ‘undisturbed, for five minutes, At the end of the standing time, the water is carefully poured from the beaker. It may be necessary to slightly rotate the beaker to avoid trapping pockets of water. Holding the beaker atthe “pour angle,” the beads are transferred to a clean, dry 600-mL beaker. A. thin, even layer of beads may coat the inside of the original beaker. The second beaker is allowed to stand, undisturbed, for five minutes. At the end of the standing time, the beads are slowly poured into a standard glass funnel (Corning 6120 or equivalent), 127 mm in diameter, 102-mm_ stem length and 1 |-mm stem inside diameter. The beads should flow through the funnel stem ‘without stopping. Slight initial agitation to start the flow of beads through the funnel is permissible. TS4c M2a7-3 ‘AASHTO