Chemistry(Metals and their compounds)

Q1.Brass contains
पीतल म​ ​ या श​ ा मल ह ​ ोता ह​ ै?
(a) copper and zinc/ त​ ांबा ​और ​ज ता
(b) copper and tin/​तांबा औ​ र ​ टन
(c) copper and silver/​तांबा ​और च ​ ांद
(d) copper and Nickel/​तांबा औ ​ र ​ नकल
Show Answer
S1.Ans(a)
Sol. Brass is a metal composed primarily of copper and zinc.

Q2.Flux reacts with the impurities to form fusible material which is known as
ल स, ​फु स ल ​साम ी ब
​ नाने क
​ े ​ लए ​अशु धय क
​ े ​साथ ​ त या ​करता ​है ि​ जसे ______ क
​ े ​ प
म ​जाना ज​ ाता ह
​ ै
(a) gangue/ आ​ धा ी
(b) slag/​ लैग
(c) anode/​एनोड
(d) none/​कोई न ​ हं

Show Answer
S2.Ans(b)
Sol.Flux reacts with the impurities to form fusible material which is known as slag.

Q3.Malachite is a mineral of
मैलाकाइट _______ ​का ए
​ क ​ख नज ह
​ ै
(a) Mg
(b) Cu
(c) Al
(d) Fe

Show Answer
S3.Ans(b)
Sol. Malachite is a green copper carbonate hydroxide mineral with a chemical composition of
Cu2(CO3)(OH)2. It was one of the first ores used to produce copper metal.

Q4. Cyanide process is used for extraction of

साइनाइड ​ या क
​ ाउ
​ पयोग ​ कस ​के ​ न कषण ​के ​ लए ​ कया ​जाता ह
​ ै?
(a) Ag
(b) Au
(c) Cu
(d) Zn

Show Answer

S4.Ans(b)
Sol. Cyanide can be used to extract gold, either in a controlled mill environment, or more
crudely on rock piles in the open.

Q5.The magnetic separation is used for increasing concentration of the following

चंब
ु क य ​पथ
ृ करण क ​ ा ​उपयोग ​ न न ल खत क
​ ​एका ता ​बढ़ाने क
​ े ​ लए ​ कया ज
​ ाता ह
​ ै?
(a) Horn silver/​हॉन ​ स वर
(b) Calcite/ क
​ े साइट
(c) Haematite/ ह ​ े माटाइट
(d) Magnesite/ ​मै नेसाइट

Show Answer
S5.Ans(c)
Sol. This method is widely used for the separation of two minerals, when one of them
happens to be magnetic. The magnetic mineral can be separated from the non-magnetic one
by this method. The magnetic separation is used for increasing concentration of Haematite.

Q6.Heating of a ore below its melting point in the absence of air is known as
एक ​अय क क ​ ोह ​ वा क
​ ​अनपु ि थ त ​म इ
​ सके ग
​ लनांक ​ बंद ु ​से क
​ मप
​ र ​गम क
​ रने ​को ​ कस ​ प ​म
जाना ​जाता ​है
(a) Roasting/​रोि टं ग
(b) Smelting/ ​ गलन
(c) Refining / ​ वनय
(d) Calcination/ ​ न चण ू न

Show Answer
S6.Ans(d)
Sol. Heating of ore in the absence of air below its melting point is called Calcination.

Q7. In blast furnace, iron oxide is reduced by

ला ट ​फनस ​म, आ ​ यरन ​ऑ साइड ​ कसके ​ वारा क ​ म ​ कया ज
​ ाता ​है
(a) Silica/ ​ स लका
(b) CO
(c) C
(d) lime stone/ ​चनू ा ​प थर
Show Answer
S7.Ans(b)
Sol. In a blast furnace, a substance called coke reacts with oxygen to form carbon
monoxide(CO). The carbon monoxide (a strong reducing agent) then reacts with iron oxide
(in the form of hematite or magnetite) to form pig iron (mainly Fe) and carbon dioxide.
Q8. Which of the following metal is obtained by leaching its over with dilute cyanide
solution?
न न ल खत म ​ ​से क
​ ौन स
​ ी ​धातु त
​ नु स
​ ाइनाइड ​घोल क
​ े स
​ ाथ इ
​ सक ल
​ चंग ​ वारा ​ ा त ​क ज
​ ाती ​है?
(a) Silver/ च
​ ांद
(b) Titanium/ ​टाइटे नयम
(c) Vanadium/ ​वन ै े डयम
(d) Zinc/ ​ज ता
Show Answer
S8.Ans(a)
Sol. Silver is obtained by leaching its over with dilute cyanide solution.

Q9. Van Arkel method for purification of metals involves converting the metal to a
धातओ ु ंक
​ ​शु ध ​के ​ लए ​वन ै ​आकल ​ व ध ​म ​धातु क ​ ो ​ कस म
​ ​प रव तत ​करना श
​ ा मल ​है?
(a) Volatile stable compound/ व ​ ा पशील ​ि थर य ​ ौ गक
(b) volatile unstable compound/ व ​ ा पशील अ ​ ि थर ​यौ गक
(c) non-volatile stable compound/ ग ​ ैर-​वा पशील ि​ थर ​यौ गक
(d) none of these/ ​इनमे स ​ ेक
​ ोई ​नह ं
Show Answer
S9.Ans(b)
Sol. Van Arkel method is used for purifying metals like Ti and Zn which are then refined.
This method is used to obtain ultra-pure metals. It is also called as Vapor Phase refining. The
process involves the decomposition of the metal compound into different unstable substances
when heat is supplied.
Q10. Plaster of Paris is made from
ला टर ऑ ​ फप ​ े रस ​ कससे ब ​ नाया ज​ ाता ​है
(a) Marble/ म​ ाबल
(b) Bauxite/ ब​ ॉ साइट
(c) Limestone/ ​चन ू ाप​ थर
(d) Gypsum/ ि​ ज सम

Show Answer
S10.Ans(d)
Sol. A white powdery slightly hydrated calcium sulfate CaSO4·¹/​₂H
​ 2O made by calcining
gypsum and used chiefly for casts and molds in the form of a quick-setting paste with water.

Chemistry (Acid & Base) Quiz

Q1. pH value of alkaline solution is
ार य ​घोल क​ ा pH ​मान ​ या ह
​ ै?
(a) < 7
(b) 7
(c) > 7
(d) None/ क​ ोई न​ हं
Show Answer
Ans(c)
Sol. Pure water has a neutral pH of 7. pH values lower than 7 are acidic, and pH values
higher than 7 are alkaline (basic).

Q2. In pure water drogen ion concentration is

शु ध प​ ानी म
​ ​हाइ ोजन ​आयनन ​क ​सां ता ​ कतनी ह
​ ोती ह
​ ै?
(a) 10-7
(b) 10-10
(c) 10-2
(d) 10-1

Show Answer
Ans(a)
Sol. Pure water is considered to neutral and the hydronium ion concentration is 1.0 x 10-7
mol/L which is equal to the hydroxide ion concentration.

Q3. The pH scale had ben given by

pH ​ केल ​ कसके ​ वारा ​ दया ​गया ह
​ ै?
(a) Arrhenius/ ​अहनीस
(b) Bronsted/ ​ टे ड
(c) Sornsen/​सोरनसेन
(d) Lewis/​ले वस

Show Answer
Ans(c)
Sol. The concept of pH was first introduced by the Danish chemist Sornsen Peder Lauritz.

Q4. Sulphuric acid is

स यू रक ए ​ सड ________ ह​ ोता ​है
(a) Monobaisc/ ​एक ारक
(b) Diabasic/ ​ व ारक य
(c) Tribasic/ ​ ारक
(d) Tetrabasic/ ​चत:​ु ारक

Show Answer

Ans(b)
Sol. Sulphuric acid is dibasic acid, because it contains two hydrogen atoms which ionise in
aqueous solution to become 2H+ ions.

Q5. The pH value of milk is

दधू क
​ ा pH म
​ ान ​ या ​है?
(a) 2.4
(b) 3.8
(c) 6.6
(d) 8.0
Show Answer
Ans(c)
Sol. Fresh cows milk has a pH of between 6.7 and 6.5. Values higher than 6.7 denote mastitic
milk and values below pH 6.5 denote the presence of colostrum or bacterial deterioration.
Because milk is a buffer solution, considerable acid development may occur before the pH
changes. That would make it very slightly acidic.

Q6. PH value of human blood is

मानव ​र त क ​ ा PH म
​ ान ​ कतना ह
​ ोता ह
​ ै?
(a) 8.25- 8.35
(b) 7.35-7.45
(c) 4.0-4.5
(d) 6.45-6.55

Show Answer
Ans(b)
Sol. Blood is normally slightly basic, with a normal pH range of 7.35 to 7.45.

Q7. The acid used in eye wash is

आई ​वॉश म ​ ​इ तेमाल ​होने व
​ ाला ​ए सड क
​ ौन स
​ ाह
​ ै?
(a) Oxalic acid/ ऑ​ सा लक ए ​ सड
(b) Nitric acid/ न
​ ाइ क ​ए सड
(c) Boric acid/ ब
​ ो रक ​अ ल
(d) None/​कोई न​ हं
Show Answer
Ans(c)
Sol. Boric acid ophthalmic (for the eyes) is used as an eye wash to cleanse or irrigate the
eyes. Boric acid provides soothing relief from eye irritation, and helps remove pollutants
from the eye such as smog, chlorine, or other chemicals.

Q8. The element common to all acids is

सभी ​ए सड क​ े ​ लए ​आम ​त व क
​ ौन स
​ ा ​है?
(a) Hydrogen/ ​हाइ ोजन
(b) Nitrogen/ ​नाइ ोजन
(c) Sulphur/ ​स फर
(d) Oxygen/ ​ऑ सीजन
Show Answer
Ans(a)
Sol. Hydrogen is common to all acids.

Q9. Maleic acid is found in the

मे लक ​ए सड ​ कसम ​पाया ज
​ ाता ह
​ ै?
(a) Apples/​सेब
(b) Vinegar/​ सरका
(c) Milk/​दध
ू
(d) Lemons/​ न बू
Show Answer
Ans(a)
Sol. Malic acid is a naturally occurring substance found in many fruits and vegetables, and is
largely responsible for the sour taste found in apples and pears.
Q10. The increasing order of acid strength of HCI, HI, HBr, HF is
HCI, HI, HBr, HF ​क ए ​ सड ​ताकत ​का ब ​ ढ़ता ​ म ह
​ ै-
(a) HCI < HI < HBr < HI
(b) HI < HCI < HBr < HF
(c) HF < HCI < HBr < HI
(d) None/ क​ ोई न
​ हं

Show Answer
Ans(c)
Sol. Hydrogen Iodine has the largest size, thus weakest bond with Hydrogen and hence
largest acidity. The size of the anions increases the order is HF<HCl<HBr<HI.

Chemistry (Atomic Structure

Q1.Cathode rays have –
कैथोड ​ करण ​म ________ ह ​ ोता ​है.
(a) mass only/​केवल ​ यमान
(b) charge only/ ​केवल ​चाज
(c) no mass and no charge/ ​कोई ​ यमान औ ​ र ​कोई ​चाज न
​ हं
(d) mass and charge both/​ यमान औ ​ रच
​ ाज ​दोन
Show Answer
S1.Ans(d)
Sol.A cathode ray is a beam of electrons and electrons have mass and charge both.

Q2.Neutron was discovered by

यू ॉन ​ कस ​के ​ वारा ​खोजा ग ​ या थ
​ ा?
(a) J.J. Thomson/​जे. ​जे. थ
​ ोमसन
(b) Chadwick/​चड ै वक
(c) Rutherford/ ​रदरफोड
(d) Priestley/ ​ ी ट ल

Show Answer
S2.Ans(b)
Sol. Neutron was discovered by James Chadwick. Sir James Chadwick was a British
physicist who was awarded the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the neutron
in 1932.

Q3.The discovery of neutron became very late because–

यू ॉन क ​ ​खोज ब ​ हुत ​देर ​से ह
​ ु ई ​ य क-
(a) it is present in nucleus/ य ​ ह ​ना भक म​ ​मौजद
ू ह
​ ोता ह
​ ै
(b) it is fundamental particle/ ​यह म
​ ौ लक ​कण ​है
(c) it does not move/​यह ​ हलता ​नह ं ​है
(d) it does not carry any charge/ ​यह क​ ोई च
​ ाज ​नह ं ​लेता ह
​ ै

Show Answer
S3.Ans(d)
Sol. The discovery of neutron became very late because it does not carry any charge.

Q4.The three basic components of an atom are–

एक ​परमाणु क​ े ​तीन ​मौ लक स
​ ंघटक ह​ -
(a) Protons, neutrons and ions/ ​ ोटॉन, ​ यू ॉन ​और आ ​ यन
(b) Protons, neutrons and electrons/ ​ ोटॉन, ​ यू ॉन ​और इ ​ ले ॉन
(c) Protium, deuterium and tritium/ ​ ो टयम, ​ यट ू े रयम ​और ​ टयम
(d) Protons, neutrinos and ions/ ​ ोटॉन, ​ यु नो औ​ र ​आयन

Show Answer

S4.Ans(b)
Sol. The three main parts of a atom is protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons – have a
positive charge, located in the nucleus, Protons and neutrons have nearly the same mass while
electrons are much less massive. Neutrons- Have a negative charge, located in the nucleus.

Q5.The word ‘insolation’ means

श द ‘​आतपन’ ​का म ​ तलब ह​ ै
(a) Matters which insulates/​पदाथ ज
​ ोइ
​ सल ु ेट ह
​ ोते ​है
(b) Incoming solar radiation/ ​आगामी स​ ौर ​ व करण
(c) Insoluble matters/ अ
​ घलु नशील ​पदाथ
(d) None/​कोई न
​ हं

Show Answer
S5.Ans(b)
Sol. The amount of solar radiation reaching a given area.

Q6.Which of the properties of the element is a whole number?

त वक ​ ा ​कौन स
​ ा ​गण
ु ​पण ू ​सं या ह​ ै?
(a) atomic weight/ प ​ रमाणु भ ​ ार
(b) atomic number/ प ​ रमाणु ​ मांक
(c) atomic radius/ ​परमाणु ​ या
(d) atomic volume/ ​परमाणु ​आयतन

Show Answer
S6.Ans(b)
Sol. The property of elements which is always a whole number is its atomic number i.e. the
number of protons and electrons.
Q7.Neutrino has–
यु नो ​म-
(a) charge +1, mass 1/ च​ ाज +1, ​ यमान 1
(b) charge 0, mass 0/​चाज 0, ​ यमान 0
(c) charge -1, mass 1/ ​चाज -1, ​ यमान 1
(d) charge 0, mass 1/ च
​ ाज 0, ​ यमान 1
Show Answer
S7.Ans(b)
Sol.A neutrino is a subatomic particle that is very similar to an electron, but has no electrical
charge and a very small mass, which might even be zero.

Q8.Electromagnetic radiation with maximum wavelength is–

अ धकतम त ​ रं ग द​ ै यक ​ े स
​ ाथ ​ व यत
ु ​चु बक य ​ व करण ​है-
(a) Ultraviolet/ प​ राबगनी
(b) Radio waves/ ​रे डयो त ​ रं ग
(c) X-rays/ ए​ स-​रे
(d) Infrared/ इ
​ ारे ड
Show Answer
S8.Ans(b)
Sol. The electromagnetic spectrum includes, from longest wavelength to shortest: radio
waves, microwaves, infrared, optical, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma-rays.

Q9.Rydberg’s constant for hydrogen line is–

हाइ ोजन ल ​ ाइन क ​ े ​ लए ​ रडबग ​ नयतांक ​ या ह​ ै?
(a) 109678 cm-1
(b) 109.678 cm-1
(c) 1096.78 cm-1
(d) 10.9678 cm-1
Show Answer
S9.Ans(a)
Sol. The Rydberg constant, has the value 109,678 cm−1 for hydrogen.
Q10.The concept of ​dual​ nature of radiation was proposed by–
व करण ​क द ​ ोहर ​ कृ त क ​ ​अवधारणा ​ कस क ​ े ​ वारा ​ ता वत क
​ ग
​ यी ​थी?
(a) Max planck/ ​मै स ​ लक
(b) de-Broglie/ द ​ े​ ा ल
(c) Heisenberg/ ह ​ ाइजेनबग
(d) Pauling/ प​ ॉ लंग

Show Answer
S10.Ans(b)
Sol. Light is said to have a dual character. Such studies on light were made by Einstein in
1905. Louis de Broglie, in 1924 extended the idea of photons to material particles such as
electron and he proposed that matter also has a dual character-as wave and as particle
Chemistry (Periodic Table)
Q1. Modern periodic law had been given by
आधु नक ​आवत ​कानन ू ​ कस ​के ​ वारा ​ दया ग
​ या ​था?
(a) Moseley/ म​ ोसल
(b) Mendeleev/ ​मेडल े फ़
(c) Lother-Mayer/ ​लोथर-​मेयेर
(d) Lavoisier/ ळ​ वोइ सएर
Show Answer
Ans(a)
Sol. Modern periodic law had been given by Moseley ,According to Mosele similar
properties recur periodically when elements are arranged according to increasing atomic
number not weights, determine the factor of chemical properties.

Q2. Which one is known as father of periodic table

कसको ​आवत ​सारणी ​के ज ​ नक ​के ​ प म
​ ​जाना ​जाता ह
​ ै?
(a) Lavoisier/ ​ळवोइ सएर
(b) Rutherford/ ​रदरफोड
(c) Mendeleev/ ​मडल व
(d) Bohr/ ब
​ ो

Show Answer
Ans(c)
Sol. Dmitri Mendeleev is often referred to as the Father of the Periodic Table. He called his
table or matrix, “the Periodic System”.

Q3. Helogens belong to the –

है लोजन ​ कस ​से ​संबं धत ​ह?
(a) s-block/ ए
​ स ​ लॉक
(b) p-block / ​पी ​ लॉक
(c) d-block/ ड ​ ी ​ लॉक
(d) f-block/ ए​ फ ​ लॉक

Show Answer
Ans(b)
Sol. Collectively, these p-block elements are known as the halogens. They have five electrons
in their p orbital and are known for being extremely greedy for electrons

Q4. In modern periodic table, the number of period is

आधु नक ​आवत ​सारणी ​म, ​अव ध क​ ​सं या ​ कतनी ह
​ ै?
(a) 2
(b) 6
(c) 7
(d) 8

Show Answer

Ans(c)
Sol. There are seven periods in the periodic table.

Q5. In modern periodic table, the group number is

आधु नक ​आवत ​सारणी ​म, ​समह
ू ​क स​ ं या ​ कतनी ह
​ ै?
(a) 15
(b) 16
(c) 17
(d) 18

Show Answer
Ans(d)
Sol. A group is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There
are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table.

Q6. The vertical lines in modern periodic table are called

आधु नक ​आवत ​सारणी ​म ऊ ​ वाधर ​रेखाओं क
​ ो ​ या क
​ हा ज
​ ाता ​है?
(a) Period/ ​अव ध
(b) Group/​समह ू
(c) Non-metal/ अ ​ धातु
(d) None/​कोई न​ हं

Show Answer
Ans(b)
Sol. The vertical columns of elements are called groups.
Q7. The horizontal line in modern periodic table is called–
आधु नक ​आवत ​सारणी ​म ​ ै तज ​रेखाओं क ​ ो ​ या ​कहा ​जाता ह
​ ै?
(a) Period/ ​अव ध
(b) Group/ स ​ मह ू
(c) metal/ ध
​ ातु
(d) None/ क ​ ोई न
​ हं
Show Answer
Ans(a)
Sol. In the periodic table of elements, there are seven horizontal rows of elements called
periods.

Q8. Alkali metals are in a group

ार य ​धातु ​ कस ​समह
ू म
​ ​होते ​ह?
(a) II A
(b) VII A
(c) I A
(d) III A
Show Answer
Ans(c)
Sol. The group 1 of the periodic table contain six elements namely Lithium(Li),
Sodium(Na),Potassium(K),Rubidium(Rb),Cesium(Cs) and Francium(Fr).These metals are
called alkali metals because they form alkalies.

Q9. The elements in group zero are called

समह ू ​ श ू य ​म त
​ व ​को ​ या ​कहा ज ​ ाता ह
​ ै?
(a) Alkali metals/ ​ ार य ​धातु
(b) Transition metals/ ​सं मण ध ​ ातओ ु ं
(c) Inert gases/ अ ​ य ​गैस
(d) None/​कोई न ​ हं
Show Answer
Ans(c)
Sol. The noble gases are the elements in Group 0 (sometimes called Group 8) in the Periodic
Table: helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon.
Q10. Aluminium is diagonally related to
ए यम ू ी नयम ​ वकणतः ​ कस स ​ े ​संबं धत ​है?
(a) Li
(b) Be
(c) C
(d) B

Show Answer
Ans(b)
Sol. Diagonal Relationship Of Beryllium and Aluminium. Beryllium shows resemblance with
its diagonally opposite element aluminium.

Q1. Which has maximum conductivity ?

न न ल खत म​ ​से ​ कसम ​अ धकतम ​चालकता ह
​ ै?
(a) Cu
(b) Na
(c) Mg
(d) Fe

Show Answer
Ans(a)
Sol. The most electrically conductive element is silver, followed by copper and gold.
Q2. Elements of d-block are called–
डी-​ लॉक ​के त
​ व ​को ​ या क
​ हा ज
​ ाता ह
​ ै?
(a) Transition element / ​सं मण ​त व
(b) Transuranic elements/ ​ ांसजे नक त ​ व
(c) Metals/ ​धातु
(d) Metalloids /​उपधातु

Show Answer
Ans(a)
Sol. The d-block elements are found in the middle of the period table. The d-block elements
are called transition metals and have valence electrons in d orbital’s.

Q3. The ligthest metal is –

सबसे ह ​ क ध
​ ातु ​कौन ​सी ह
​ ै?
(a) Li
(b) Fe
(c) Cu
(d) Ag

Show Answer
Ans(a)
Sol. The lightest or least dense metal that is a pure element is lithium, which has a density of
0.534 g/cm3. This makes lithium nearly half as dense as water, so if lithium was not so
reactive, a chunk of the metal would float on water.

Q4. Which element of the following does not exist in liquid state at room temperature ?
न न ल खत म​ ​से क
​ ौन स
​ ा ​त व क
​ मरे ​के ​तापमान ​पर त
​ रल अ
​ व था ​म ​नह ं ह
​ ोता ह
​ ै?
(a) Na
(b) Br
(c) Hg
(d) Cs

Show Answer
Ans(a)
Sol. (Na) does not exist in liquid state at room temperature.But Bromine (Br) and mercury
(Hg). Although, elements caesium (Cs), rubidium (Rb), Francium (Fr) and Gallium (Ga) are
liquid state at room temperature.

Q5. Metal with maximum density here is ?

अ धकतम घ ​ न व ​वाला ​धातु क
​ ौन स
​ ा ​है?
(a) Fe
(b) Mo
(c) Hg
(d) Os

Show Answer
Ans(d)
Sol. Osmium is a chemical element with symbol (Os) and atomic number 76 it has maximum
density

Q6. The most common lanthanide is-

सबसे स​ मान ल​ थेनाइड क ​ ौन स ​ ाह
​ ै?
(a) Cerium/ ​सै रयम
(b) Plutonium/ ​ लट ू ो नयम
(c) Samarium/ स ​ म
ै रयम
(d) None of these/​इनम स ​ े ​कोई ​नह ं

Show Answer
Ans(a)
Sol. The lanthanides have a bright silvery appearance. Five of the elements (lanthanum,
cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, and europium) are very reactive. When exposed to air,
they react with oxygen to form an oxide coating that tarnishes the surface.

Q7. Which of the following is the smallest cation–

न न ल खत म ​ ​से स
​ बसे छ
​ ोटा ​धनायन ​कौन ​सा ​है?
(a) Na^+
(b) Mg^(2+)
(c) F^-
(d) Be^(++)

Show Answer
Ans(d)
Sol. Be^(++)

Q8. The sizes of A, A^+ and A^- follow the order–

A, A^+ ​और A^- क ​ े आ
​ कर ​ कस ​ म ​का प
​ ालन ​करते ह
​ ै?
(a) A (_ ^+)>A^- A
(b) A^->A^+>A
(c) A^->A>A^+
(d) A>A^->A^+

Show Answer
Ans(c)
Sol. A->A>A+
Q9. Which has the highest electron affinity–
कसम ​सबसे अ
​ धक ​इले ॉन आ ​ कषण ​ह?
(a) F
(b) CI
(c) Br
(d) I

Show Answer
Ans(b)
Sol. Chlorine has the highest electron affinity

Q10. How many elements are there in the 5th period of modern periodic table ?
आधु नक ​आवत ​सारणी ​के 5 व
​ आ
​ वत म
​ ​ कतने त
​ वह​ ?
(a) 2
(b) 8
(c) 18
(d) 36

Show Answer
Ans(c)
Sol. The fifth period contains 18 elements, beginning with rubidium and ending with xenon.

Q1. The electron affinity of chlorine is highest than that of fluorine due to–
लोर न ​क ​इले ान ​ब धत ु ा ​ लोर न ​से अ
​ धक ह ​ ोती ह
​ ै , ___________ क
​ े क
​ ारण
(a) Its highest reactivity / ​इसक उ ​ चतम ​ त या ​है
(b) Bigger size / ब
​ ड़ा आ
​ कार
(c) Difference in their electronic configuration / उ ​ नके ​इले ॉ नक ​कॉि फ़गरे शन ​म ​अत
ं र
(d) Smaller nuclear charge / छ ​ ोटा ​परमाणु ​ भार

Show Answer
Ans(b)
Sol. Fluorine, though higher than chlorine in the periodic table, has a very small atomic size.
This makes the fluoride anion so formed unstable (highly reactive) due to a very high
charge/mass ratio. As a result, fluorine has an electron affinity less than that of chlorine.

Q2. Electron affinity of noble gases is–

उ कृ ट ग
​ ैस क​ इ ​ ले ान ब
​ धत ु ा ​ कतनी ​होती ​है?
(a) Almost zero / ल​ गभग ​शू य
(b) Low / ​कम
(c) High / उ
​ च
(d) Very high / ब
​ हुत अ
​ धक

Show Answer
Ans(a)
Sol. Noble Gases have complete valence electron shells.Most elements ‘want’ to have a
complete electron shell with 8 electrons. Since the Noble Gases already have that ‘perfect
status’ then they have an affinity of 0. Affinity is the change in energy of the atom when an
electron is added.

Q3. Metal with maximum density here is-

इनम स ​ े ​अ धकतम घ
​ न व ​वाल ध
​ ातु क
​ ौन ​सी ह
​ ै?
(a) Fe
(b) Mo
(c) Hg
(d) Os

Show Answer
Ans(d)
Sol. The densest chemical element is osmium (which is a metal). Osmium has a density of
around 22 grams per cubic centimeter, about twice the density of lead.

Q4. The calculation of electronegativities was first done by-

इले ोनगे ट वट ज क ​ ग
​ णना ​पहल ब
​ ार ​ कस ​के ​ वारा ग
​ ई ​थी?
(a) Slater /​ लेटर
(b) Pauling /​पॉ लंग
(c) Bohr / ब​ ो
(d) Mulliken / ​मिु लकेन

Show Answer
Ans(b)
Sol. The most commonly used method of calculation is that originally proposed by Linus
Pauling.

Q5. In the following four elements, the ionization potential of which one is the highest-
न न ल खत च ​ ार त
​ व ​म, ​ न न ल खत ​म स
​ े ​ कस क
​ आ
​ यनीकरण ​ मता स​ बसे अ
​ धक ​है-
(a) Argon /​आगन
(b) Barium / ब
​ े रयम
(c) Cesium / स​ ीिज़यम
(d) Oxygen/ ​ऑ सीजन

Show Answer
Ans(a)
Sol. Argon is the highest ionization potential energy.

Q6. The element having lowest melting point in periodic table is-
आवत स ​ ारणी ​म स
​ बसे ​कम ​गलनांक ​ बंद ु ​वाला ​त व क
​ ौन ​सा ​है?
(a) Hg
(b) He
(c) W
(d) Cs

Show Answer
Ans(b)
Sol.The chemical element with the lowest melting point is Helium.

Q7. First of all the elements were classified by–

सबसे प​ हले स
​ भी ​त व क ​ ो ​ कस क ​ े ​ वारा व
​ ग कृत ​ कया ​गया थ
​ ा?
(a) Lother Meyer / ल ​ ोथर म ​ ेयर
(b) Newland /​ यू ल ​ ड
(c) Mendeleev / ​मडल व
(d) Dobereiner / ड​ ॉबेराइनर

Show Answer
Ans(b)
Sol. An English scientist by the name of John Newlands tried to classify the elements in a
unique manner. He first started by arranging all the elements in a ascending order according
to their atomic weights.

Q8. The elements with atomic numbers 2, 10, 18, 36, 54 and 86 are all–
परमाणु स ​ ं या 2, 10, 18, 36, 54 औ ​ र 86 व​ ाले ​सभी ​त व ________ ह
​
(a) Inert gas / अ
​ यग
​ ैस
(b) Light metals / ​ह क ध ​ ातए
ु ँ
(c) Halogens / ह ​ ै लोजन
(d) Rare earth metals / प ​ ृ वी क
​ द ​ ल
ु भध
​ ातु

Show Answer
Ans(a)
Sol. The elements with atomic numbers 2, 10, 18, 36, 54 and 86 are all Inert gas.

Q9. Which of the following among alkali metals is most reactive?

ार ​धातओ
ु ंम
​ ​ न न ल खत ​म स
​ े ​कौन ​सी ​सबसे ​अ धक ​ त याशील ह
​ ै?
(a) Na
(b) K
(c) Rb
(d) Cs

Show Answer
Ans(d)
Sol. Cesium and francium are the most reactive elements in this group. Alkali metals can
explode if they are exposed to water.
Q10. The total number of lanthanide elements is–
लथेनाइड ​त व ​क ​कुल ​सं या ​ कतनी ह
​ ै?
(a) 8
(b) 32
(c) 14
(d) 10

Show Answer
Ans(c)
Sol. The lanthanide series consists of the 14 elements, with atomic numbers 58 through 71,

Q1. Acids reach with bases to give–

ए सड ​के ​ ार क
​ े स
​ ाथ ​ त या ​करने प
​ र ____ ​ ा त ह
​ ोता ह
​ ै।
(a) Ester/​ए टर
(b) Alcohol/​अ कोहल
(c) Salt/​नमक
(d) None/​कोई न ​ हं

Show Answer
Ans(c)
Sol. The reaction of an acid with a base is called a neutralization reaction. The products of
this reaction are a salt and water.

Q2. The pH value of milk is–

दधू क
​ ा ​पीएच म
​ ान ​है-
(a) 2. 4
(b) 3. 8
(c) 6. 6
(d) 8. 0

Show Answer
Ans(c)
Sol. Fresh cows milk has a pH of between 6.7 and 6.5. Values higher than 6.7 denote mastitic
milk and values below pH 6.5 denote the presence of colostrum or bacterial deterioration.
Because milk is a buffer solution, considerable acid development may occur before the pH
changes. That would make it very slightly acidic.

Q3. The pH of water at 25°C is 7. When it is heated to 100°C, the pH of water–

25 ° C ​पर ​पानी ​का प
​ ीएच 7 ​होता ​है। ज
​ बइ
​ से 100 ° C त
​ क ​गम ​ कया ज
​ ाता ​है, ​तो ​पानी क
​ े प
​ ीएच म
​
___
(a) Increases/​व ृ ध ह
​ ोती ह
​ ै
(b) Decreases/​कमी ​होती ​है
(c) Remains same/​समान र​ हता ​है
(d) Decreases up to 50°C and then increases./ 50 ° C ​तक घ
​ टज
​ ाता ​है ​और ​ फर ब
​ ढ़ज
​ ाता ह
​ ै।

Show Answer
Ans(b)
Sol. pH decreases with increase in temperature. But this does not mean that water becomes
more acidic at higher temperatures.

Q4. Hydrochloric acid is also known as

हाइ ो लो रक ​ए सड क ​ ो _____ ​के ​ प म
​ भ
​ ीज
​ ाना ​जाता ह
​ ै।
(a) Galic acid/​गै लक ए ​ सड
(b) Picric acid/​ परक ए​ सड
(c) Muriatic acid/​मु रए टक ए​ सड
(d) Chloric acid/​ लो रक ​ए सड

Show Answer
Ans(c)
Sol. Muriatic acid is one of the names for hydrochloric acid, a corrosive strong acid. It is also
known as spirits of salt or acidum salis. “Muriatic” means “pertaining to brine or salt”. The
chemical formula for muriatic acid is HCl.

Q5. The purest form of water in nature is

कृ त ​म ​जल क
​ ाश​ ु धतम ​ प ​है-
(a) Rain water /​वषा-​जल
(b) Lake water/​झील क ​ ा ​जल
(c) River water/​नद ​का ज​ ल
(d) Sea water/​समु जल

Show Answer
Ans(a)
Sol. Rain water is considered the purest form of water. Impurities and salts present in water
on earth are left behind during vaporisation by the sun. However, the rain water we receive
on earth is not necessarily pure, as it brings down impurities and particles present in the
atmosphere along with it.

Q6. Match List I (Compound) with II (Nature) and select the correct answer using the
code given below the Lists:
सचू ीI (Compound) क
​ ास​ च
ू ी II (Nature)​से ​ मलान क
​ िजये ​और स
​ ू चय क
​ े ​नीचे ​ दए ग
​ ये ​कूट क
​ ा
योग ​करके ​उपयु त उ
​ रक ​ ाच
​ यन क​ िजये:
List-I List-II
A. Sodium hydroxide/ 1. Strong acid/
B. Calcium oxide/ 2. Alkali/
C. Acetic acid/ 3. Weak acid/
D. Hydrochloric acid / 4. Base/
Q1. Oxidation is defined as–
ऑ सीकरण क ​ ो ​ कसके ​ प म
​ प​ रभा षत ​ कया ज
​ ाता ​है
(a) Loss of electrons/ इ
​ ले ॉन ​ दान ​करना
(b) Gain of electrons/ इ​ ले ॉन ​ ा त ​करना
(c) Gain of protons/ ​ ोटॉन ​ ा त ​करना
(d) Loss of protons/ ​ ोटॉन ​ दान ​करना

Show Answer
S1.Ans(a)
Sol. Oxidation is the loss of electrons during a reaction by a molecule, atom or ion.

Q2. A reducing agent is a substance which can–

अपचायक घ ​ टक ​एक प ​ दाथ ​है ज
​ ो _____ स ​ कता ​है
(a) Accept electrons/ इ​ ले ॉन क ​ ो ​ वीकार क
​ र
(b) Donate electrons/ ​इले ॉन ​ दान ​कर
(c) Accept protons/ ​ ोटॉन ​ वीकार ​कर
(d) Donate protons/​ ोटॉन ​ दान क ​ र

Show Answer
S2.Ans(b)
Sol. A reducing agent is oxidized, because it loses electrons in the redox reaction.

Q3. The common oxidation state of alkali metals in the combined state is–
संयु त ​अव था म
​ ​ ार ध
​ ातओ
ु ं ​का ​सामा य ऑ
​ सीकरण अ​ व था ​ या ह
​ ै
(a) +1
(b) +2
(c) –1
(d) –2

Show Answer
S3.Ans(a)
Sol. Oxygen (O) has oxidation number -2, except in peroxides where it is –1. The alkali
metals (Group 1) have 1 valence. This is lost to achieve noble gas configuration, and so alkali
metals have oxidation number +1.

(a) +2, 0
(b) 0, 2
(c) 0, 8
(d) 6, 2

Show Answer
S4.Ans(b)
Sol. The oxidation number and covalency of Sulphur in S8 is 0, 2.

(a) Oxidation/ ऑ
​ सीकरण
(b) Reduction/ ​अपचयन
(c) Simple dissolution/ ​सरल ​ वघटन
(d) Double decomposition/ ​दोहरा अ
​ पघटन

Show Answer
S5.Ans(a)
Sol. Oxidation means the addition of oxygen to a molecule or the removal of hydrogen from
a molecule. In this equation Zn is gain of oxygen.

Q6. Which one of the following is a reduction reaction?

न न ल खत म ​ ​से क
​ ौन स
​ ी ​अपचयन ​ त या ह ​ ै

Show Answer
S6.Ans(c)
Sol. 2 MgO (s) → 2 Mg (s) + O2(g).

Q7. Oxidation-reduction reaction involves

ऑ सीकरण- अ ​ पचयन ​अ भ या म ​ ​शा मल ​है
(a) Transfer of neutrons/ ​ यू ॉन ​का ​ थानांतरण
(b) Transfer of protons/ ​ ोटॉन क
​ ा ​ थानांतरण
(c) Transfer of electrons/ इ
​ ले ॉन ​का ​ थानांतरण
(d) None of above/​उपरो त म ​ ​से ​कोई न
​ हं

Show Answer
S7.Ans(c)
Sol. An oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction is a type of chemical reaction that involves a
transfer of electrons between two species.

Q8. In thermal power stations carbon atoms undergo oxidation to form

थमल प
​ ावर ​ टे शन ​म ​ कसका ​ नमाण ​करने ​के ​ लए क
​ ाबन ​परमाणु ​ऑ सीकरण ​से ​गज
ु रते ​ह

Show Answer
S8.Ans(a)
Sol. In thermal power stations carbon atoms undergo oxidation to form CO2.

(a) Oxidation/ ऑ
​ सीकरण
(b) Deduction/ ​ नगमन
(c) Both/​दोन
(d) None/​कोई न
​ हं

Show Answer
S9.Ans(a)
Sol. Oxidation

(a) –2
(b) +2
(c) +6
(d) 8

Show Answer
S10.Ans(c)
Sol. Let X is oxidation number of S,
Then X-8=-2
X=-2+8=+6

REVENUE ADMINISTRATION OF THE BRITISH

Till the 18th century, there was a ​strong relation between agriculture and cottage industries in
India.​ India was not only ​ahead in the field of agriculture than most other countries ​but it also held
a prominent place in the world in the field of handicraft production. ​The British destroyed
handicraft industry​ in the country while unleashing far-reaching changes in the country’s agrarian
structure by introducing new systems of land tenures and policies of revenue administration.
The British policies revolved around getting maximum income from land without caring much about
Indian interests of the cultivators. They abandoned the age -old system of revenue administration
and adopted in their place a ruthless policy of revenue collection.

After their advent, the British principally adopted three types of land tenures as
follows-
a)Zamindari System or the Permanent Settlement
b)Mahalwari Settlement
c)The Ryotwari System

The Permanent Settlement-

● Zamindari System was introduced by ​Cornwallis in 1793 through Permanent Settlement

Act.
● The Permanent Land Revenue Settlement introduced in ​Bengal, which was later extended
to the provinces of Bihar and Orissa.
● The zamindars of Bengal were recognised as the owners of land as long as they paid the
revenue to the East India Company regularly.
● The amount of revenue that the zamindars had to pay to the Company was firmly fixed and
would not be raised under any circumstances.

Note:
Warren Hastings introduced the annual lease system of auctioning the land to the
highest bidder. It created chaos in the revenue administration.

Ryotwari Settlement-

● Ryotwari System was ​introduced by Thomas Munro in 1820.

● The Ryotwari settlement was introduced mainly​ in Madras, Berar, Bombay and Assam.
● Under this settlement, ​the peasant was recognised as the proprietor of land.
● There was no intermediary like a Zamindar between the peasant and the government.
● The land revenue was​ fixed for a period from 20 to 40 years at a time.

Note:
Under this settlement it was certainly not possible to collect revenue in a systematic
manner. The revenue officials indulged in harsh measures for non payment or delayed
payment.

Mahalwari Settlement-

● Mahalwari system was​ introduced in 1833 during the period of William Bentick.
● It was introduced ​in Central Province, North-West Frontier, Agra, Punjab, Gangetic Valley,
etc of British India.
● Under this system​ the basic unit of revenue settlement was the village or the Mahal.
● The entire ​land of the village was measured at the time of fixing the revenue.
● The responsibility of paying the revenue rested with the entire Mahal or the village
community.
● Q1. Bilateral monopoly situation is
● वप ीय ​एका धकार ​ि थ त ​है-
● (a) when there are only two sellers of a product/ ​जब ए
​ कउ​ पाद ​के क​ े वल द
​ ो ​ व े ता ह
​
● (b) when there are only two buyers of a product/ ज ​ ब ​एक उ
​ पाद क
​ े ​केवल ​दो ख ​ र दार ​ह
● (c) when there is only one buyer and one seller of a product/ ​जब क ​ े वल ए​ क ​खर दार औ ​ र
एक उ​ पाद क ​ े ​एक ​ व े ता ​है
● (d) when there are two buyers and two sellers of a product/ ज ​ बद ​ ोख ​ र दार ​और ए ​ क
उ पाद ​के द​ ो ​ व े ता ह​
● Show Answer
● Ans.(c)
● Sol. ‘Bilateral Monopoly’ A market that has only one supplier and one buyer. The one
supplier will tend to act as a monopoly power and look to charge high prices to the
one buyer. The lone buyer will look towards paying a price that is as low as possible.
● Q2. Redistribution of income in a country can be brought about through
● कसी द ​ ेश म
​ ​आय क ​ ा ​पन ु वतरण ​ कसके ​ वारा ल ​ ाया ज
​ ा ​सकता ह​ ै?
● (a) Progressive taxation combined with progressive expenditure/​ ग तशील ​ यय क ​ े
साथ ​ ग तशील क ​ राधान ​ वारा
● (b) Progressive taxation combined with regressive expenditure/ ​ तगामी ​ यय ​के ​साथ
संयु त ​ ग तशील क ​ राधान ​ वारा
● (c) Regressive taxation combined with regressive expenditure/ ​ तगामी ​ यय क ​ े स
​ ाथ
संयु त ​ तगामी ​कराधान ​ वारा
● (d) Regressive taxation combined with progressive expenditure/ ​ ग तशील ​ यय क ​ े
साथ स​ ंयु त ​ तगामी क ​ राधान ​ वारा
● Show Answer
● Ans.(a)
● Sol. Progressive taxation is a tax that takes a larger percentage from high-income
earners than it does from low-income individuals. Progressive expenditure means
large percentage of expenditure from high income earners than low income earners.
● Q3. What will you call a system of taxation under which the poorer sections are
taxed at higher rates than the richer sections?
● कराधान ​क उ ​ स ​ णाल क ​ ो ​ या क ​ हगे ि​ जसके ​तहत ग​ र ब ​वग ​को अ ​ मीर व ​ ग क​ ​ तलु ना म ​
उ चद ​ र ​पर ​कर ​लगाया ज ​ ाता ह​ ै?
● (a) Progressive tax/ ​वधमान क ​ र
● (b) Proportional tax/ आ ​ नप ु ा तक क ​ र
● (c) Regressive tax/ ​ ासमान ​कर
● (d) Degressive tax/ आ ​ ामक क ​ र
● Show Answer
● Ans.(c)
● Sol. A regressive tax is a tax that takes a larger percentage of income from
low-income earners (poorer section) than from high-income earners (richer section).
● Q4. Which of the following tax systems will help to reduce economic inequalities
in India?
● न न ल खत म ​ ​से क​ ौन स ​ ी ​कर ​ णाल भ ​ ारत म
​ आ​ थक ​असमानताओं ​को ​कम ​करने ​म
मदद ​करे गी?
● (a) Regressive Tax/ ​ तकूल ​कर
● (b) Progressive Tax/ ​वधमान ​कर
● (c) Flat rate tax/ ​ लैट ​दर ​कर
● (d) None of these/​इनम ​से ​कोई न ​ हं
● Show Answer
● Ans.(b)
● Sol. A progressive tax is a tax in which the tax rate increases as the taxable amount
increases.
● Q5. Which among the following is a characteristic of capitalist economy?
● न न ल खत म ​ ​से क
​ ौन स ​ ा ​पंज ू ीवाद अ ​ थ यव था ​क ए ​ क ​ वशेषता ह ​ ै?
● (a) Minimum government intervention/ ​ यन ू तम ​ स रकार ह
​ त प
े
● (b) Market forces are highly regulated/ ब ​ ाजार ​बल ​को ​अ य धक ​ व नय मत ​ कया ज ​ ाता
है
● (c) It is a socialist system/ ​यह ए ​ कस ​ माजवाद ​ णाल ह ​ ै
● (d) Maximum government intervention/ अ ​ धकतम ​सरकार ह ​ त ेप
● Show Answer
● Ans.(a)
● Sol. The government’s role in capitalism is to maintain a level playing field I.e.
minimum intervention. It prevents the unfair advantages obtained by monopolies or
oligarchies. It also maintains infrastructure. It taxes capital gains and income to
accomplish these goals.
● Q6. Lowering of value of currency relative to a foreign reference currency is
called _________.
● कसी ​ वदे शी ​संदभ ​मु ा क ​ े ​सापे म ​ ु ाक ​ े म
​ ू यक ​ ोक
​ मक ​ रना _________ ​कहलाता ह ​ ै।
● (a) Devaluation/ अ ​ वमू यन
● (b) Revaluation/ ​पन ु मू यांकन
● (c) Down valuation/ ​ न न ​मू यांकन
● (d) Negative valuation/ न ​ कारा मक म ​ ू यांकन
● Show Answer
● Ans.(a)
● Sol. Devaluation is a deliberate downward adjustment to the value of a country’s
currency relative to another currency.
● Q7. The goods which people consume more, when their price rises, because of its
exclusive nature and appeal as a status symbol are called _______.
● वह व​ तए ु ं ​िजसक ​ वशेष ​ कृ त ​और ि​ थ त ​ तीक क ​ े ​ प ​म ​अपील ​के ​कारण ​ यि त ​उनक
क मत ब ​ ढ़ने ​के ​बाद ​उसका इ ​ तेमाल अ ​ धक ​करते ​ह. ​वह ___________ ​कहलाती ह ​ ै।
● (a) Essential goods/ ​आव यक व ​ तए ु ं
● (b) Capital goods/ प ​ ंज
ू ीगत व ​ तए ु ं
● (c) Veblen goods/ ​वेबलेन ​व तु
● (d) Giffen goods/ ​ गि फन व ​ तए ु ँ
● Show Answer
● Ans.(c)
● Sol. A veblen good is a good for which demand increases as the price increases,
because of its exclusive nature and appeal as a status symbol.
● Q8. Movement along the supply curve is known as ______ .
● आपू त व ​ क
​ े स​ ाथ ग ​ तक ​ ो ______ क ​ े ​ प ​म ​जाना ज ​ ाता ​है।
● (a) Contraction of supply/ आ ​ पू त ​का स ​ ंकुचन
● (b) Expansion of supply/ आ ​ पू त क ​ ा ​ व तार
● (c) Increase in supply / आ ​ पू त म ​ व ​ ृ ध
● (d) Expansion and contraction of supply/ आ ​ पू त क ​ ा ​ व तार ​और स ​ ंकुचन
● Show Answer
● Ans.(d)
● Sol. A movement along the supply curve will occur when the price of the good
changes and the quantity supplied changes in accordance to the original supply
relationship. In other words, a movement alongs the supply curve is known as
Expansion and Contraction of supply.
● Q9. The theory of distribution relates to which of the following?
● वतरण ​का ​ स धांत ​ न न ल खत म ​ स ​ े ​ कस स
​ े ​संबं धत ​है?
● (a) The distribution of assets/ ​संप क ​ ा ​ वतरण
● (b) The distribution of only income/ ​केवल ​आय क ​ ा ​ वतरण
● (c) The distribution of factor payments/ ​फै टर भ ​ गु तान ​का ​ वतरण
● (d) Equality in the distribution of the income and wealth/ ​आय औ ​ र ​धन ​के ​ वतरण ​म
समानता
● Show Answer
● Ans.(d)
● Sol. Distribution theory, in economics, the systematic attempt to account for the
sharing of the national income among the owners of the factors of production—land,
labour, and capital.
● Q10. The concept of joint sector implies cooperation between
● संयु त ​ े क​ अ​ वधारणा क ​ ाअ
​ थह ​ ै __________ औ ​ र _________ ​के ​बीच ​सहयोग
● (a) Public sector and private sector industries/ स ​ ावज नक ​ े ​और ​ नजी ​ े ​उ योग
● (b) State Government and Central Government/​रा य ​सरकार औ ​ रक​ स
​ रकार
● (c) Domestic and Foreign Companies/ ​घरे लू औ ​ र ​ वदे शी ​कंप नयां
● (d) None of these/​इनम ​से ​कोई न​ हं
● Show Answer
● Ans.(a)
● Sol. The joint sector would include units in which both public and private investments
have taken place and where the state takes an active part in direction and control.
●
Q11. ‘Hire and Fire’ is the policy of-
● ‘​हायर ​एंड ​फायर’ ​ कस क ​ न ​ ीतह ​ ै?
● (a) Capitalism / प ​ ंज
ू ीवाद
● (b) Socialism/ स ​ माजवाद
● (c) Mixed economy / ​ म त ​अथ यव था
● (d) Traditional economy/ ​पारं प रक अ ​ थ यव था
● Show Answer
● Ans.(a)
● Sol. Capitalism is an economic system based on the freedom of private ownership of
the means of production and their operation for profit.
● Q12. Which of the following is a part of tertiary sector?
● न न ल खत म ​ ​से क ​ ौन स ​ ा ​ तत ृ ीयक ​ े ​का ​ ह सा ह
​ ै?
● (a) Power and Transportation/ ​ बजल ​और प ​ रवहन
● (b) Animal Husbandry/ ​पशप ु ालन
● (c) Cotton Manufacturing/ ​कपास ​ व नमाण
● (d) Cultivation of Crops/ ​फसल ​क ​खेती
● Show Answer
● Ans.(a)
● Sol. The tertiary industry is the segment of the economy that provides services to its
consumers, including a wide range of businesses such as financial institutions, schools
and restaurants. It is also known as the tertiary sector or service industry/sector.
● Q13. A closed economy is one which-
● बंद ​अथ यव था ​वह ह ​ ै ​जो-
● (a) Does not trade with other countries/ ​अ य ​देश ​के ​साथ ​ यापार ​नह ं ​करता ​है
● (b) Does not possess any means of international transport/ अ ​ त ं ररा य ​प रवहन ​का
साधन ​नह ं र​ खता ह ​ ै
● (c) Does not have a coastal line/ त ​ ट य ​रेखा न​ ह ं ​है
● (d) Is not a member of the UNO/ UNO क ​ ास
​ द यन ​ हंह
​ ै
● Show Answer
● Ans.(a)
● Sol. A closed economy is self-sufficient, which means no imports come into the
country and no exports leave the country.
● Q14. What is the meaning of ‘Laissez Faire Policy’?
● अब धन ​ यापार न ​ ी त ​का ​अथ ​ या ह ​ ै?
● (a) Fair legislation / ​उ चत ​ वधान
● (b) Control over trade/ ​ यापार प ​ र ​ नयं ण
● (c) Withdrawal of ‘some restrictions’/ ‘​कुछ ​ तबंध ’ क ​ ो ​वापस ​लेना
● (d) None of these/​इनम ​से ​कोई न ​ हं
● Show Answer
● Ans.(c)
● Sol. laissez-faire describes a system or point of view that opposes regulation or
interference by the government in economic affairs beyond the minimum necessary to
allow the free enterprise system to operate according to its own laws.
● Q15. The demand curve shows that price and quantity demanded are-
● मांग व ​ स
​ े ​पता च
​ लता ​है ​ क म ​ ांग क ​ ​गई ​क मत औ ​ र ​मा ा ​ या ह ​ ै?
● (a) Directly related only/ क ​ े वल स ​ ीधे ​संबं धत ​है
● (b) Directly proportional and also directly related/ ​सीधे ​आनप ु ा तक ​और स​ ाथ ह
​ ​सीधे
संबं धत
● (c) Inversely proportional and also inversely related / ​ वपर त आ ​ नप
ु ा तक ​और ​ वपर त
पस ​ े ​संबं धत
● (d) Inversely related only/ क ​ े वल ​ वपर त ​संबं धत ​है
● Show Answer
● Ans.(c)
● Sol. The demand curve is the graph depicting the relationship between the price of a
certain commodity and the amount of it that consumers are willing and able to
purchase at any given price
● Q1. Who appoints the judges of the Supreme Court of India?
भारत क ​ े ​सव च ​ यायालय क ​ े ​ यायाधीश क ​ ​ नयिु त ​कौन ​करता ​है?
(a) Council of Ministers/ म ​ ं मंडल
(b) Chief Justice/ ​मु य ​ यायाधीश
(c) Prime Minister / ​ धान ​मं ी
(d) President /​रा प त
● Show Answer
● Ans.(d)
Sol. As per the constitution, as held by the court in the Three Judges Cases – (1982,
1993, 1998), a judge is appointed to the supreme court by the president on the
recommendation of the collegium — a closed group of the Chief Justice of India, the
four most senior judges of the court and the senior-most judge hailing from the high
court of a prospective appointee.
● Q2. What should be the experience of advocacy in any High Court for being a
judge of Supreme court?
सव च ​ यायालय ​के ​ यायाधीश ह ​ ोने ​के ​ लए ​ कसी ​भी उ ​ च ​ यायालय ​म ​ कतने ​वष क ​ ा
 वकालत अ ​ नभ
ु वह ​ ोना च ​ ा हए?
(a) 10 years /​वष
(b) 5 years/​वष
(c) 15 years/ ​वष
(d) 20 years/​वष
● Show Answer
● Ans.(a)
Sol. A person shall not be qualified for appointment as a Judge of the Supreme Court
unless he is a citizen of India and –
(a) has been for at least five years a Judge of a High Court or of two or more such
Courts in succession; or
(b) has been for at least ten years an advocate of a High Court or of two or more such
Courts in succession; or
(c) is, in the opinion of the President, a distinguished jurist.
● Q3. Who was the first female judge to be a part of the Supreme court of India?
भारत क ​ े ​सव च ​ यायालय क ​ ा ​ ह सा ​बनने व​ ाल ​पहल ​म हला ​ यायाधीश क ​ ौन थ
​ ी?
(a) Sujata Manohar /​सज ु ाता म
​ नोहर
(b) Ruma Pal/​ म प ​ ाल
(c) M.S.Fathima Beevi /​एम.​एस.​फा तमा ​बीवी
(d) None of these/​इनम ​से ​कोई न ​ हं
● Show Answer
● Ans.(c)
Sol. Fathima Beevi. M. Fathima Beevi is a former judge of the Supreme Court of
India. Appointed to the tribunal in 1989, she became the first female judge to be a part
of the Supreme court of India, and the first Muslim woman to be appointed to any of
the higher judiciaries in country.
● Q4. Which of the following article is related to the salary and allowances of
judges of Supreme Court?
न न ल खत म ​ ​से क ​ ौन स ​ ा ​अनु छे द ​सु ीम ​कोट क ​ े ​ यायाधीश ​के ​वेतन औ​ रभ ​ े ​से
संबं धत ​है?
(a) Article 126/ अ ​ नु छे द 126
(b) Article 124/ अ ​ नु छे द 124
(c) Article 125 / अ ​ नु छे द 125
(d) Article 128/ अ ​ नु छे द 128
● Show Answer
● Ans.(c)
Sol. Article 125 in The Constitution of India deals with the Salaries, etc, of Judges.
● Q5. Judge of the Supreme Court and High Court can be removed by-
सव च ​ यायालय ​और उ ​ च ​ यायालय ​के ​ यायाधीश ​ कस ​के ​ वारा ह ​ टाये ज
​ ास​ कते ​है
(a) The President/​रा प त
(b) Parliament/​संसद
(c) Union Council of Minister/ ​क य म ​ ं ीप​ रषद
(d) Chief Justice of the Supreme court/ स ​ व च ​ यायालय ​के ​मु य ​ यायाधीश
● Show Answer
● Ans.(a)
Sol. A Judge of the Supreme Court shall not be removed from his office except by an
order of the President passed after an address by each House of Parliament supported
by a majority of the total membership of that House and by a majority of not less than
 twothirds of the members of that House present and voting has been presented to the
President in the same session for such removal on the ground of proved misbehaviour
or incapacity.
●
● Q6. Which of the following Chief Justice of India had the opportunity to act as
President of India?
भारत क ​ े ​ न न ल खत म ​ ु य ​ यायाधीश ​म स
​ े ​ कसको ​भारत ​के र​ ा प त ​के ​ प म
​ ​काय
करने क​ ाअ ​ वसर ​ मला ​था?
(a) Justice M.Hidayatull/ ​ यायमू त ​एम ​ हदायतु ला
(b) Justice P.B.Gajendra Gadkar/ ​ यायमू त प ​ ी.​बी.​गजे ग
​ डकर
(c) Justice Mehar Chand Mahajan/ ​ यायमू त ​मेहर ​चंद ​महाजन
(d) None of these/​इनम ​से ​कोई न ​ हं
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Sol. Muhammad Hidayatullah, the first Muslim Chief Justice of India, the second
Muslim to hold the post of the President of India (July 20,1969-August 24,1969).
● Q7. Who was the first woman Chief Justice of a High Court of a state in India?
भारत म ​ ​ कसी ​रा य ​के उ
​ च ​ यायालय ​क प ​ हल म ​ हला म​ ु य ​ यायाधीश ​कौन ​थीं?
(a) Sunanda Bhandare / स ​ नु ंदा ​भंडारे
(b) Fathima Beevi/ फ ​ ा तमा ब ​ ीवी
(c) Anna Chandy/ ​अ ना च ​ ांडी
(d) Leila Seth/​ल ला ​सेठ
● Show Answer
● Ans.(d)
Sol. Leila Seth (20 October 1930 – 5 May 2017) was the first woman judge on the
Delhi High Court and she became the first woman to become Chief Justice of a state
High Court on 5 August 1991.
● Q8. Article 134A of the Indian Constitution ”Certificate for appeal to the
Supreme Court” deals with?
भारतीय ​सं वधान क ​ ाअ
​ नु छे द 134 A ‘​सु ीम क​ ोट ​म अ
​ पील क ​ े ​ लए ​ माणप ’ ​ कस ​से
संबं धत ​है?
(a) the State Government/​रा य ​सरकार
(b) the Union Government/ ​संघ ​सरकार
(c) the fundamental rights of the Indian citizen/ भ ​ ारतीय न​ ाग रक ​के ​मौ लक अ ​ धकार
(d) the Directive Principles of State Policy/ ​रा य ​नी त ​के ​ नदशक ​ स धांत
● Show Answer
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Sol. Article 134A of the Indian Constitution ”Certificate for appeal to the Supreme
Court” deals with the Union Government.
●
● Q9. The Supreme Court of India came into being in:
भारत क​ ा ​सव च ​ यायालय ​अि त व म ​ ​कब आ
​ या?
(a) 1950
(b) 1947
(c) 1933
(d) None of these/ ​इनम ​से ​कोई ​नह ं
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● Q10. Name the committee that recommended creation of nyaya panchayat?
उस स​ मतक ​ ान
​ ाम ब
​ ताइए ​िजसने ​ याय ​पंचायत क
​ े ​ नमाण क
​ ​ सफा रश ​क ​थी?
(a) Balwant Rai Mehta Committee/ ​बलवंत ​राय ​मेहता स ​ मत
(b) Ashok Mehta Committee/ अ ​ शोक म ​ ेहता स
​ मत
 (c) Santhanam Committee/ ​संथानम ​स म त
(d) None of these/​इनम ​से ​कोई न
​ हं
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Sol. A nyaya panchayat is a system in Indian village that resolves the disputes. They
solve the civil and minor criminal cases. The committee that recommended creation
of nyaya panchayat is Ashok Mehta Committee.
●

Q11. Balwant Rai Mehta Committee is related with–

बलवंत र​ ाय ​मेहता स ​ म त ​ कससे स ​ ंबं धत ह ​ ै-
(a) the fundamental rights of the Indian citizen/ भ ​ ारतीय न
​ ाग रक ​के ​मौ लक अ ​ धकार
(b) the Directive Principles of State Policy/ ​रा य ​नी त ​के ​ नदशक ​ स धांत
(c) the Panchayati Raj/ ​पंचायती र​ ाज
(d) None of these/​इनम ​से ​कोई न ​ हं
● Show Answer
● Ans.(c)
Sol. The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee submitted its report in November 24th 1957
and recommended the establishment of the scheme of ‘democratic decentralisation’
which finally came to be known as Panchayati Raj..
● Q12. Which of the following has proposed the idea of three Tier Panchayati Raj
system?
न न ल खत म ​ ​से ​ कसने ​तीन ​ तर य प ​ ंचायती ​राज ​ यव था क ​ े ​ वचार ​का ​ ताव ​ दया ​है?
(a) Balwant Rai Mehta Committee/ ​बलवंत ​राय ​मेहता स ​ मत
(b) Ashok Mehta Committee/ अ ​ शोक म ​ ेहता स ​ मत
(c) Royal Commission/ र​ ॉयल ​कमीशन
(d) None of these/​इनम ​से ​कोई न ​ हं
● Show Answer
● Ans.(a)
Sol. In India, the Panchayati Raj now functions as a system of governance in which
gram panchayats are the basic units of local administration. The system has three
levels: Gram Panchayat (village level), Mandal Parishad or Block Samiti or Panchayat
Samiti (block level), and Zila Parishad (district level).
● Q13. Which of the following Committee recommended that the 3-tier system of
Panchayati Raj should be replaced by the 2-tier system ?
न न ल खत म ​ ​से ​ कस स ​ मतन ​ ेप​ ंचायती ​राज क ​ 3-​ तर य ​ णाल ​को 2-​ तर य ​ णाल
वारा ​ त था पत क ​ रने ​क ​ सफा रश ​क ​थी?
(a) Balwant Rai Mehta Committee/ ​बलवंत ​राय ​मेहता स ​ मत
(b) Ashok Mehta Committee/ अ ​ शोक म ​ ेहता स ​ मत
(c) Santhanam Committee/ ​संथानम ​स म त
(d) L M Singhvi Committee/ ए ​ लए ​ म ​ संघवी ​स म त
● Show Answer
● Ans.(b)
Sol. The Ashok Mehta Committee recommended that the 3-tier system of Panchayati
Raj should be replaced by the 2-tier system. The upper tier would be the Zila Parishad
at the district level and lower tier should be the Mandal Panchayat, which should be a
Panchayat of group of villages covering a population of 15000 to 20000.
● Q14. Which of the following is the institution of Panchayati Raj functioning at
district level?
न न ल खत म ​ ​से क
​ ौन ि​ जला ​ तर प ​ र ​पंचायती र​ ाज ​क ​सं था ह ​ ै?
(a) Panchayat Samiti/​पंचायत ​स म त
 (b) Gram Panchayat/​ ाम प ​ ंचायत
(c) Zila Parishad /​िजला प​ रष
(d) Nyaya Panchayat/​ याय ​पंचायत
● Show Answer
● Ans.(c)
Sol. The Panchayati Raj has three levels: Gram Panchayat (village level), Mandal
Parishad or Block Samiti or Panchayat Samiti (block level), and Zila Parishad (district
level).
● Q15. Which of the following Constitutional amendment is related to Panchayati
Raj?
न न ल खत म ​ ​से क
​ ौन स
​ ा ​संवध
ै ा नक स
​ ंशोधन ​पंचायती र​ ाज ​से ​संबं धत ह
​ ै?
(a) 74th
(b) 80th
(c) 111th
(d) 73rd
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Sol. The 73rd Amendment 1992 added a new Part IX to the constitution titled “The
Panchayats” covering provisions from Article 243 to 243(O); and a new Eleventh
Schedule covering 29 subjects within the functions of the Panchayats.

Article 266 of the Constitution mandates that parliamentary approval is required to draw
money from the Consolidated Fund of India.
Generally the tradition ​in an election year is to present an Interim Budget or
Vote-on-account. ​The purpose of a vote-on-account or an interim budget is simply to
allow the government of the day to continue running till India votes.
A vote-on-account only deals with the expenditure side of the government’s budget.
while an Interim Budget is a complete set of accounts, including both expenditure and
receipts, akin to a full budget.
The full budget is presented by the new government after the elections.

Difference between a ‘Vote-on-account’ and an ‘Interim Budget’ and ‘Full Budget’…..

Vote-on-account:

Vote on Account is ​a grant in advance to enable the government to carry on until the
voting of demands for grants and the passing of the Appropriation Bill and Finance Bill. Vote
on Account enables the government to fund its expenses ​for a short period of time or until
a full-budget is passed by incoming government. A ‘Vote on Account’ cannot alter direct
taxes since they need to be passed through a Finance Bill.
Vote on Account is passed after general discussion on the Budget. ​Normally a
vote-on-account is treated as a formal matter and passed by Lok Sabha without
discussion.

Note: Vote on account is as per provisions of Article 116 of the Constitution.

Normally, the Vote on Account is taken ​for two months only​. But in an election year or
when it is anticipated that the main Demands and Appropriation Bill will take longer than
two months, the Vote-on-account may cover a period exceeding two months. Normally this
period does not exceed six months, as that is the maximum gap possible between two sittings
of Parliament.
The sum of the grant would be equivalent to one-sixth of the estimated expenditure for
the entire year under various demands for grants.

Interim Budget:

An interim Budget is ​a complete set of accounts, including both expenditure and receipts.
But it ​may not contain big policy proposals. As per the convention, the government does
not introduce any new service, nor does it bring Finance Bill or present the Economic Survey
in an Interim Budget.

Note: The incoming government has the freedom to change the estimates in the Interim
Budget when it presents the final budget after taking office.

Full Budget:

The Union government’s Annual Financial Statement or the Statement of the Estimated
Receipts and Expenditure for each financial year is popularly known as the Budget. Through
Budget, the government prioritises its total spending, categorised under two broad heads: plan
and non-plan.
Budget is the popular name for the ‘annual financial statement’ that has been dealt with
in Article 112 of the Constitution.
In the Budget, fresh taxes may be imposed, old ones may go. Direct taxes like income tax and
indirect taxes are both open to change ​(A vote-on-account presents an estimate of
expenditures to be sanctioned by the exchequer till the Budget is passed.)
Overall, the budget contains the following:
1. Estimates of revenue and capital receipts;
2. Ways and means to raise the revenue;
3. Estimates of expenditure;
4. Details of the actual receipts and expenditure of the closing financial year and the reasons
for any deficit or surplus in that year; and
5. Economic and financial policy of the coming year, that is, taxation proposals, prospects of
revenue, spending programme and introduction of new schemes/projects.

Note: Under Article 112 of the Constitution, the budget, which is presented by means of
the Financial Bill and Appropriation Bill, has to be passed by the House before it can
come into effect on April 1, the start of financial year.