Klaus Iohannis

Klaus Werner Iohannis (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈkla.us joˈhanis], German:

Klaus Iohannis
[ˈklaʊ̯ s joˈhanɪs]; also spelled Johannis; born 13 June 1959) is the current
President of Romania. He became leader of the National Liberal Party in 2014,
after having served as leader of the Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania
from 2001 to 2013. Iohannis was a physics teacher and a school inspector
before entering full-time politics.

Iohannis was first elected mayor of the city of Sibiu in 2000, representing the
Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania. Although the German population
of the once predominantly German-speaking city of Sibiu (German:
Hermannstadt, Transylvanian Saxon dialect: Härmeschtat) had declined to a
tiny minority, Iohannis won a surprise victory and was re-elected by landslides
in 2004, 2008, and 2012. Iohannis is credited with turning his city into one of
Romania's most popular tourist destinations, and the city was declared the
European Capital of Culture in 2007. In February 2013, Iohannis became a
member of the National Liberal Party, accepting an invitation from Liberal
leader Crin Antonescu, and was immediately elected the party's First Vice
President, becoming the party's President the following year.
5th President of Romania
Incumbent
In October 2009, four of the five political groups in the Parliament, excluding
Assumed office
the Democratic Liberal Party of then-President Traian Băsescu, proposed him
21 December 2014
as a candidate for the office of Prime Minister of Romania; however, Băsescu
Prime Minister Victor Ponta
refused to nominate him despite the Parliament's adoption of a declaration
Gabriel Oprea
supporting his candidacy.[3] He was again the candidate for Prime Minister of
(Acting)
the National Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party in the elections in
Victor Ponta
the same year.[4]
Sorin Cîmpeanu
Iohannis is the first Romanian president to come from an ethnic minority.[5] He (Acting)
is a Transylvanian Saxon, part of Romania's German minority which settled in Dacian Cioloș
Transylvania in the 12th century. Thus, he is the fourth president of German Sorin Grindeanu
origin from Eastern Europe in the post-communist period, after Rudolf Mihai Tudose
Schuster (Slovakia) and Ferenc Mádl and Pál Schmitt (Hungary).[6] Mihai Fifor (Acting)
Viorica Dăncilă
Preceded by Traian Băsescu
Contents Leader of the National Liberal Party
In office
Personal and professional life
28 June 2014 – 18 December 2014
Political career
Mayor of Sibiu Preceded by Crin Antonescu
Candidacy for the Prime Minister of Romania Succeeded by Alina Gorghiu
In the National Liberal Party Vasile Blaga
Candidacy for the President of Romania
Leader of the Democratic Forum of
President of Romania Germans in Romania
International trips as President
 Political positions In office
Unification of Romania and Moldova 2002–2013
Autonomy of Hungarian community Preceded by Wolfgang Wittstock
Ukraine's education law
Anticorruption
Succeeded by Paul-Jürgen Porr
LGBT rights Mayor of Sibiu
Migration In office
Criticism 30 June 2000 – 2 December 2014
Honours Preceded by Dan Condurat
National honours
Succeeded by Astrid Fodor[1]
Foreign honours
Personal details
Books
References Born Klaus Werner
Iohannis
External links
13 June 1959
Sibiu, Romania

Personal and professional life Political party Democratic Forum

of Germans in
Born in the historic centre of Sibiu to a Transylvanian Saxon family, Klaus
Romania (1990–2013)
Iohannis is the eldest child of Susanne and Gustav Heinz Johannis. He has a
National Liberal
younger sister, Krista Johannis (born 1963).[7] His father worked as a
Party (2013–2014)
technician at an enterprise, while his mother was a nurse.[8] Both his parents as
Independent (2014–
well as his sister emigrated from their native Sibiu (German: Hermannstadt) to
present; PNL
Würzburg, Bavaria in Germany in 1992, acquiring citizenship there under the
membership
right of return granted by German nationality law,[9][10] as most other
suspended while
Transylvanian Saxons after the fall of the Iron Curtain. However, he chose to
president)[2]
live and work in Romania.[11] As of 2014, his parents, sister and a niece live in
Würzburg.[12] Iohannis has stated that his family settled in Transylvania in Spouse(s) Carmen Lăzurcă
present-day Romania 850 years ago.[13] After graduating from the Faculty of (m. 1989)
Physics of the Babeș-Bolyai University in Cluj-Napoca in 1983, Iohannis Residence Cotroceni Palace
worked as a high school physics teacher at various schools and colleges in Alma mater Babeș-Bolyai
Sibiu, including, from 1989 to 1997, the Samuel von Brukenthal Gymnasium in University
Sibiu, the oldest German-speaking school in Romania. From 1997 to 1999, he
Signature
was Deputy General School Inspector of Sibiu County, and from 1999 until his
election as mayor in 2000, he was the General School Inspector, head of public
schools in the county.

Iohannis is fluent in German and Romanian at a native level and also speaks Website Official website (htt
English. The original spelling of his name (which is German) is Johannis, but p://klausjohannis.ro)
the name was registered by a Romanian official as Iohannis on his birth
certificate[14] and he has used both spellings interchangeably.[15] In 1989, he married ethnic Romanian Carmen Lăzurcă, an
English teacher at the Gheorghe Lazăr National College in Sibiu.[16][17] They have no children.

Iohannis is a member of the Evangelical Church of Augustan Confession in Romania, the German-speaking Lutheran church in
Transylvania.[18]

Political career
He joined the Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania (FDGR) in 1990, and served as a member of its board of education in
Transylvania from 1997, and a member of the local party board in Sibiu from 1998. In 2001, he was elected President of the
Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania.

Mayor of Sibiu
In 2000, the Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania in Sibiu decided to back
him as a candidate for mayor. Despite the fact that Sibiu's German minority had
shrunken to a mere 1.6%, Iohannis was elected with 69.18% of the votes and has
won three re-elections in a row, getting some of the largest electoral scores in the
country: 88.7% of the vote in 2004, and 87.4% in 2008. He is the first ethnic
German mayor of a Romanian city since Albert Dörr, who served from 1940 to
1945.

The contemporary small but well organised German minority is rather popular in
Romania, where they are often viewed as hard-working, precise, and
uncompromising. Many Romanians also remember that the country experienced
some of its best moments under German kings over a century ago.[10]

Throughout his tenure as mayor, he has worked to restore the town's infrastructure
and to tighten the city administration. Iohannis is also widely credited with turning Iohannis as Mayor of Sibiu, May
the city into one of Romania's most popular tourist destinations thanks to the 2005

extensive renovation of the old downtown.[19] During his first term, Iohannis
worked with a city council that had a social democrat majority. Since 2004, during
his second and third terms, his own party, FDGR, had the majority. Since 2008, FDGR has 14 out of 23 councilors, PDL has 4,
PSD has 3, and PNL has 2.[20]

Iohannis established contacts with foreign officials and investors. Sibiu was declared the European Capital of Culture of 2007,
along with Luxembourg (the bearer of the distinction in 1995).[21] Luxembourg chose to share this honourable status with Sibiu
due to the fact that many of the Transylvanian Saxons emigrated in the 12th century to Transylvania from the area where
Luxembourg is today.[22] Sibiu, or Hermannstadt in German, was built by the Transylvanian Saxons, was for many centuries the
cultural centre of that group, and was a predominantly German-speaking city until the mid 20th century. Many Germans left the
city after World War II, and especially in 1990, within months of the fall of the Iron Curtain.

On 7 November 2005 Iohannis was nominated as the "Personality of the Year for a European Romania" (Romanian:
Personalitatea anului pentru o Românie europeană) by the Eurolink – House of Europe organization.[23]

Candidacy for the Prime Minister of Romania

On 14 October 2009 the leaders of the opposition parliamentary groups (the National Liberal Party, the Social Democratic Party,
the Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania, and the group of smaller ethnic minorities), proposed Iohannis as a candidate
for Prime Minister of Romania, after the government of Prime Minister Emil Boc fell a day before as a result of a motion of no
confidence in the Parliament. Coming from outside the national-level politics of Romania, Iohannis has the image of an
independent politician,[24] although his party has consistently allied itself with, and Iohannis has campaigned in the latest
European Parliament elections for the National Liberal Party. The National Liberal Party (PNL), the Social Democratic Party
(PSD), the Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR), and the group of small ethnic minorities in the Parliament
subsumed Iohannis as their common candidate for Prime Minister of an interim government.[25] On 14 October Klaus Iohannis
confirmed acceptance of his candidacy. However, on 15 October the President Traian Băsescu nominated Lucian Croitoru, a top
Romanian economist, as Prime Minister, and charged the latter with forming the country's next government.
After the second round of talks, a day before Croitoru's nomination, Băsescu noted: "Some parties have proposed Klaus Iohannis.
I would like you to know that I have not rejected the possibility for him to become Prime Minister in the condition that my
options would be directed towards other [national unity government] solutions. But I have rejected such a proposal because it
comes from PSD or another party [PNL]", referring to his alleged constraint to consider a proposal of the largest party (PDL),
constraint disputed by the other parties.[26][27] The opposition criticized the President for not designating Iohannis. Social
Democrat leader Mircea Geoană accused Băsescu of trying to influence the upcoming presidential elections by having them
organised by a sympathetic government.[28][29] Crin Antonescu, the leader of the National Liberals, vowed his party would derail
other nominations but Iohannis'.[28] After the nomination of Croitoru, Antonescu, a candidate in the presidential election, stated
that he would nominate Iohannis as Prime Minister if elected President.[30] Three days later, on 18 October Geoană suggested
Antonescu was trying to use Iohannis as an "electoral agent" for Antonescu's bid for president. In response, Antonescu told the
press that Iohannis "is not the type of person that would let himself be used".[31] Geoană and PSD leadership has held a second
meeting with Iohannis in Bucharest in the evening of 18 October. UDMR, which the previous day announced it would also
attend, declared in the morning that all their leaders are not in the city. PNL was present at the meeting by lower level
representatives, after Antonescu announced in the morning he is on campaign in Cluj-Napoca.[32] On 21 October the Parliament
adopted with 252 votes for (of PSD, PNL, UDMR and minorities groups) and 2 against a declaration requesting the President to
nominate Iohannis as Prime Minister.[33][34]

In the National Liberal Party

On 20 February 2013, Klaus Iohannis joined the PNL, announcing this during a press conference with Crin Antonescu. At a PNL
extraordinary congress, he was elected First Vice President of the Party. In the meeting of 28 June 2014, he was elected President
of the PNL with 95% of the votes.

Candidacy for the President of Romania

In 2009, Iohannis had stated that he might possibly run for the office of President of
Romania, although not in that year.[35] Former Prime Minister Călin Popescu-
Tăriceanu had said on 27 October 2009 and again on 23 April 2010 that he would
like to see Iohannis become President of Romania.[36]

PNL and PDL started in the summer of 2014 procedures to strengthen the political
right. The two parties will eventually merge under the name PNL, but went for
Klaus Iohannis and his counter
elections in an alliance: the Christian Liberal Alliance (Romanian: Alianța Creștin- candidate Victor Ponta at a TV
Liberală). On 11 August the alliance chose Iohannis as its candidate for the debate on Realitatea TV, 11
presidential election in November[37] and so he was registered as an official November 2014
presidential candidate. He received 30.37% of the votes in the first round, finishing
second and consequently qualifying for the second round. In the second round on 16
November he was elected President of Romania with 54.43% of the cast ballots.

President of Romania
Iohannis took office on 21 December, when Traian Băsescu's term ended. His
Presidential styles of
presidential campaign focused on fighting corruption and on improving the
Klaus Iohannis
justice system.[38] Iohannis is also a supporter of a strongly pro-Western foreign
policy.[39] Regarding the unification of the Republic of Moldova with Romania,
much discussed in the electoral campaign, Iohannis stated that "is something that
only Bucharest can offer and only Chișinău can accept", and this "special
relationship must be cultivated and enhanced especially by us [Romanian
state]".[40][41] Upon taking office, Iohannis suspended his membership in the Reference Președintele
National Liberal Party; the Romanian constitution does not allow the president to style (President)
be a member of a political party during his tenure. Spoken Președintele
style (President)
A heavily disputed draft law proposed by Nicolae Paun, leader of the Party of
the Roma, regarding the amnesty of some misdemeanors and the pardoning of Alternative Domnia Sa/Excelența
certain penalties was rejected by the Chamber of Deputies at the initiative of style Sa (His Excellency)
Klaus Iohannis and the party he led,[42] after PNL asked the Judiciary
Committee 17 times to reject the draft law.[43]

The collaboration with socialist Prime Minister Victor Ponta was praised by both
sides at the start of the mandate, but deteriorated thereafter once with foreign visits
of the Head of the Executive, without informing the President, but especially with
the criminal prosecution of Victor Ponta for 22 alleged corruption charges,
prompting Iohannis to demand his resignation from the head of the Government.[44]
U.S. Secretary of State Rex
Relations with Parliament went similarly. Iohannis criticized the Parliament for
Tillerson and Klaus Iohannis
defending MPs by rejecting the requests of the National Anticorruption Directorate
before their bilateral meeting at
for lifting their immunity, as in the case of PSD senator Dan Șova or Prime Minister the U.S. Department of State in
Victor Ponta.[45] Regarding the judicial system, Klaus Iohannis pleads for a Washington, D.C., on 9 June
sustained fight against corruption. Likewise, Iohannis expressed dissatisfaction with 2017
attempted amendments to the Penal Code.[46] Since coming into office, President
Klaus Iohannis has made a habit to hold consultations with parliamentary parties.
The first round of consultations took place on 12 January, the purpose of these
discussions being a political agreement that would ensure, by 2017, a minimum
threshold of 2% of GDP for the Ministry of Defence, agreement signed by all
parties.[47] The second round of consultations focused on the legislative priorities of
the parliamentary session: voting in diaspora, financing electoral campaigns and
parties and lifting parliamentary immunity. Because the Parliament has not
implemented the commitments made on 28 January, Iohannis has organised another Iohannis with German Chancellor
series of consultations on the state of electoral laws,[48] but also on rejection of Angela Merkel in March 2018
Justice requests for approval of arrest or prosecution of MPs. The topics of other
meetings between the president and parties focused on the Big Brother law package
and the national defense strategy.[49]

International trips as President

 Date Country City Reason

10 Talks with President François Hollande on

February France Paris French–Romanian relations, combating
2015 terrorism and Ukraine[50]

25 Talks with pro-European parties on bilateral

February Moldova Chișinău relations and the process of European
2015 integration of Moldova[51]

Talks with German Chancellor Angela Merkel

26
on the situation in Ukraine, investments,
February Berlin
Germany European projects and strengthening the rule
2015
of law[52]

12 March Talks with President Bronisław Komorowski on

Poland Warsaw
2015 Ukraine, NATO and Moldova[53]

14–17 Meeting with Romanian community in Milan

Italy Milan, Rome
May 2015 and Pope Francis[54]

21 May
Latvia Riga Eastern Partnership Summit[55]
2015

Meeting with President Kolinda Grabar-

15–16
Croatia Zagreb Kitarović and President of the Sabor Josip
June 2015
Leko[56]

Meeting with King Felipe VI, Prime Minister

12–13 July
Spain Madrid Mariano Rajoy and Romanian community
2015
representatives[57][58]

New York Represented Romania at the United Nations

23–30
United City, General Assembly from 26 to 29 September.
September
States Washington, Met with the United States President Barack
2015
D.C. Obama and Vice-President Joe Biden [59]

6–11
Meeting with President Reuven Rivlin and
March Israel Jerusalem
Knesset Speaker Yuli-Yoel Edelstein[60]
2016

23 March Talks with President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan on

Turkey Ankara
2016 security issues and refugee crisis[61]

7 June Luxembourg Reception at Neumünster Abbey in honor of

2016 Luxembourg City the Duke and Duchess of Luxembourg[62]

8–9 July
Poland Warsaw NATO Summit[63]
2016

24–25
Official visit to the Council of Europe, as well
January France Strasbourg
as the European Court of Human Rights[64]
2017
 19 June United Washington Joint press conference with United States
2017 States D.C. President Donald Trump regarding terrorism in
Qatar

27
Joint political declaration signed at Elysee
November France Paris
Palace [65]
2017

Political positions

Unification of Romania and Moldova

Regarding the unification of Romania and Moldova, Klaus Iohannis declared during the 2014 presidential campaign that the
unification is something that only Bucharest can provide and only Chișinău can accept. "If Moldovan citizens want the
unification with Romania, then nobody can stop them", stated Klaus Iohannis.[66] After election, his position mitigated, stressing
that, at the moment, Romania should support Moldova to consolidate its pro-European path.[67] President Klaus Iohannis said
that a possible unification of Romania and Moldova could be discussed at the moment things are going well and stable in the two
countries.[68][69]

Autonomy of Hungarian community

In March 2017, a sub-group of the ethnically Hungarian Székely community in southeastern Transylvania launched a petition
demanding autonomy for their region, arguing for political and administrative self-rule, their own elected president and flag, as
well as the recognition of Hungarian as an official language next to Romanian.[70] Iohannis, on a visit to the region in July,
cautioned against decentralization and the creation of regions based on the ethnic origin of residents.[71] He argued for more and
improved cooperation between Romanians and Hungarians "as the only solution for us" instead, stressing local administrative
reforms and developing the region.[72]

Ukraine's education law

Iohannis criticized Ukraine's 2017 education law, which makes Ukrainian the only language of education in state schools, and
cancelled his visit to Kiev in October 2017.[73][74] Iohannis said that Ukraine's new education law "will drastically limit the
access of minorities to education in their native language. We are deeply hurt by this. We have many Romanians in Ukraine."[74]

Anticorruption
President Klaus Iohannis is a supporter of the fight against corruption in Romania. Since coming to power in November 2014, has
sent several messages of support to prosecutors investigating sensitive cases against politicians accused of corruption. Making
one of its important position was in February 25, 2016 at the annual meeting of the National Anticorruption Directorate: “From
year to year the work of the National Anticorruption Directorate has become more effective as the number of cases investigated
and complexity, as well as final decisions on confiscation and recovery of property from crime. You are a model of functional
institution and created a performance standard. Through the work and achievements, you've earned the appreciation of the
Romanian citizens who want to live in a just society, in a country without corruption, the institutions, elect to represent them and
those who perform public functions are actually serving the people. The results obtained by you in fighting corruption,
appreciated and beyond Romania's borders are a guarantee that the process of strengthening democracy and the rule of law in
Romania are on track. I am convinced that we will be increasingly more powerful in applying the constitutional principle that
nobody is above the law and to align our established practice in countries with democracies that put the citizen at the center of
any policy”, stated Klaus Iohannis.[75]

He has rejected demands for the suspension of the head of Romania's National Anticorruption Directorate (DNA), Laura Codruta
Kovesi.[76][77]

LGBT rights
In terms of LGBT rights and recognition of same-sex unions in Romania, Iohannis is reluctant:[78]

Romanian society is not yet ready for a definite answer. I won't give an answer but as a president I am willing to
open up the issue for discussion. We have to accept that any minority has rights and that a majority is strong when
they protect the minority.

— Iohannis said in a 2014 debate with bloggers[79]

However, he is pleading for the acceptance of differences and diversity: "nobody should be persecuted because they belong to a
different group or they are different".[78]

Regarding the initiative to amend Article 48 of the Constitution (prohibition of gay marriage) started by the Coalition for Family
(Romanian: Coaliția pentru Familie), Klaus Iohannis reiterated the concepts of tolerance and accepting one another.[80] "It is
wrong to give obedience or walk the path of religious fanaticism and ultimatum solicitations. I do not believe in them and do not
support them. I believe in tolerance, trust and openness to other", said Iohannis in a press conference.[81] Thus, Iohannis is the
first top official in the country to open the discussion about same-sex marriages.[82] His reaction was praised by international
media, including The Washington Post,[83][84] while religious and conservative organizations in Romania have criticized his
position on LGBT rights.

Migration
Iohannis has said that migration "has to be controlled" and supported stronger external European borders.[85] Iohannis accepted
the migration quota set for his country by the EU, but said he is still opposed to mandatory quotas being set by the
Commission.[86]

Criticism
In February 2016, the National Agency for Fiscal Administration (ANAF) sent a notice of evacuation of the headquarters of two
TV stations owned by Dan Voiculescu, sentenced in August 2014 to 10 years imprisonment in a corruption case with 60 million
euros worth of prejudice.[87] In this context, Klaus Iohannis stated that ANAF approach in Antena TV Group case is "hasty",
"inappropriate" and that "freedom of expression in media can not be suppressed for trivial administrative reasons".[88] His
position was met with a wave of criticism from supporters and public figures.[89][90] On the same note, Iohannis stated that union
with Moldova is "a less serious approach" in the context of the Transnistrian problem, of differences between Romania and
Moldova regarding economic stability and fighting corruption, and can be discussed when things are stable in both countries.[91]
The statement sparked indignation among unionists[68] who accused him of demagogy, considering that during the electoral
campaign of 2014 he expressed a favorable position on the issue.[92] Also, on March 2018, after 100 years of Union of
Bessarabia with Romania, he was absent from a plenary vote regarding the issue.[93]

Honours
National honours
Romania:

Honorary senator of the Babeș-Bolyai University

Romania: Grand Master Grand Cross of the Order of the Star of Romania[94]
Romania: Grand Master Member of the Order for Merit[95]

Medal of Honor "Friend of the Jewish Communities in Romania" (2010)[95]

Honorary plaque of the Association of Expatriates in Germany (2010)[95]

Foreign honours
Austria: Grand Officer of the Order of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria[96]
Belgium: Knight Officer of the Order of the Crown[97]
Bulgaria: Order of the Balkan Mountains[98]
Germany: Officer of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany[95][99]
Italy: Order of the Star of Italian Solidarity[99]
Italy: Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (30 May 2016)
Luxembourg: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau[100]
Luxembourg: Knight Officer of the Order of Merit of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg[99]
Moldova: Order of the Republic
Poland: Order of the White Eagle

Books
2014 – Step by step (Romanian: Pas cu pas, German: Schritt für Schritt, ISBN 978-6065887565),
autobiographical volume and bestseller in the history of Gaudeamus International Book and Education Fair[101]
2015 – First step (Romanian: Primul pas, German: Erster Schritt, ISBN 978-6065888319), a continuation of the
volume "Step by step" of 2014. Talks about his plans as president.[102]
2018 – EU.RO - un dialog deschis despre Europa (English: EU.RO - an open dialog on Europe)

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toleranță, în cazul căsătoriilor între persoane de același sex. Patriarhia și Coaliția pentru Familie, indignate" (htt
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an-leader-urges-tolerance-for-same-sex-couples/2016/10/19/a2ce026c-960b-11e6-9cae-2a3574e296a6_story.ht
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87. "ANAF: Antena 1 și Antena 3 au cinci zile să evacueze sediile" (http://www.digi24.ro/Stiri/Digi24/Actualitate/Justiti
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pentru banale motive administrative / Abordarea heirupista a ANAF, cel putin nepotrivita / Exista deschidere,
pana la urma se gasesc solutii convenabile" (http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-esential-20802606-klaus-iohannis-apara
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aza-373925). România Liberă (in Romanian).

External links
Official website (http://www.iohannispresedinte.ro)
Klaus Iohannis Facebook official Page (https://www.facebook.com/klausiohannis)
 Political offices
Preceded by Mayor of Sibiu Succeeded by
Dan Condurat 2000–2014 Astrid Fodor
Preceded by President of Romania
Incumbent
Traian Băsescu 2014–present

Party political offices

Leader of the Democratic Forum of
Preceded by Succeeded by
Germans in Romania
Wolfgang Wittstock Paul-Jürgen Porr
2002–2013
Deputy Leader of the National
Preceded by Succeeded by
Liberal Party
Ludovic Orban TBD
2013–2014
Leader of the National Liberal
Preceded by Succeeded by
Party
Crin Antonescu Alina Gorghiu
2014

Order of precedence
Succeeded by
Order of precedence in Romania
First Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu
as President
as President of the Senate

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