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Types of Mineral R
Mineral esour
Resources
esources
On the basis of chemical and physical
properties, minerals may be grouped under two
main categories of metallics and non-metallics
which may further be classified as follows :
Ferrous Mineral
Ferrous minerals such as iron ore, manganese, Can you find out its reason?
chromite, etc., provide a strong base for the
development of metallurgical industries. Our
iron ore mines and most of the iron and steel
country is well-placed in respect of ferrous
minerals both in reserves and production. plants are located around them. Most of the
important mines such as Noamundi and Gua
Iron Ore are located in Poorbi and Pashchimi
Singhbhum districts. This belt further extends
India is endowed with fairly abundant
to Durg, Dantewara and Bailadila. Dalli, and
resources of iron ore. It has the largest reserve
Rajhara in Durg are the important mines of
of iron ore in Asia. The two main types of ore
iron ore in the country. In Karnataka, iron ore
found in our country are haematite and
deposits occur in Sandur-Hospet area of
magnetite. It has great demand in international
Bellary district, Baba Budan hills and
market due to its superior quality. The iron ore
Kudremukh in Chikmagalur district and parts
mines occur in close proximity to the coal fields
of Shimoga, Chitradurg and Tumkur districts.
in the north-eastern plateau region of the
The districts of Chandrapur, Bhandara and
country which adds to their advantage.
Ratnagiri in Maharashtra, Karimnagar,
The total reserves of iron ore in the country
Warangal, Kurnool, Cuddapah and Anantapur
were about 20 billion tonnes in the year 2004-
districts of Andhra Pradesh, Salem and Nilgiris
05. About 95 per cent of total reserves of iron
districts of Tamil Nadu are other iron mining
ore is located in the States of Orissa,
regions. Goa has also emerged as an important
Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Goa,
producer of iron ore.
Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. In Orissa,
iron ore occurs in a series of hill ranges in
Manganese
Sundergarh, Mayurbhanj and Jhar. The
important mines are Gurumahisani, Sulaipet, Manganese is an important raw material for
Badampahar (Mayurbhaj), Kiruburu smelting of iron ore and also used for
(Kendujhar) and Bonai (Sundergarh). Similar manufacturing ferro alloys. Manganese
hill ranges, Jharkhand has some of the oldest deposits are found in almost all geological
the coast of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. World’s eco-friendly cheaper energy after the initial cost
richest monazite deposits occur in Palakkad is taken care of.
and Kollam districts of Kerala, near
Vishakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh and Solar Energy
Mahanadi river delta in Orissa.
Sun rays tapped in photovoltaic cells can be
Atomic Energy Commission was
converted into energy, known as solar energy.
established in 1948, progress could be made
The two effective processes considered to be
only after the establishment of the Atomic
very effective to tap solar energy are
Energy Institute at Trombay in 1954 which was
photovoltaics and solar thermal technology.
renamed as the Bhabha Atomic Research
Solar thermal technology has some relative
Centre in 1967. The important nuclear power
advantages over all other non-renewable
projects are Tarapur (Maharashtra),
energy sources. It is cost competitive,
Rawatbhata near Kota (Rajasthan), Kalpakkam
environment friendly and easy to construct.
(Tamil Nadu), Narora (Uttar Pradesh), Kaiga
Solar energy is 7 per cent more effective than
(Karnataka) and Kakarapara (Gujarat).
coal or oil based plants and 10 per cent more
Non-Conventional Energy Sources effective than nuclear plants. It is generally
Fossil fuel sources, such as coal, petroleum, used more in appliances like heaters, crop
natural gas and nuclear energy use exhaustible dryers, cookers, etc. The western part of India
raw materials. Sustainable energy resources are has greater potential for the development of
only the renewable energy sources like solar, solar energy in Gujarat and Rajasthan.
wind, hydro-geothermal and biomass. These
Wind Energy
energy sources are more equitably distributed
and environmental friendly. The non-conventional Wind energy is absolutely pollution free,
energy sources will provide more sustained, inexhaustible source of energy. The mechanism