Sheet No.

Project: Gelanggang futsal Design by: N.A Date: 3-Jan-12

Job No. Checked by: Ir Date:

Ref. Calculation output

Design loading and Calculation

Design Criteria:

Codes of practices:

a) Design
i) BS 8110 Structural Use of Concrete
ii) BS 5950 Structural Use of Steelwork in Building

b) load
i) cp3: Chapter V: part 2: 1972 - wind load
ii) Uniform Building By- Laws 1984 - imposed Load

Design Loading

Load factor and combinations of the following loads are complying to the table
2 for BS 5950 part 5: 1998 section 2.

a) Maximum Permissible Wind Load

Wind load on each roof will be computed from a basic 3 second gust
wind speed of 34 m/s.

b) Maximum Permissible Vertical Superimposed Dead Load

Dead Load kN/m2

i- Truss selfweight 0.080

ii- Metal Decks 0.050

iii- Batten 0.008

iv- Ceiling & services 0.250

c) Maimum Permissible Vertical Superimposed Live Load

(Live Load) (kN/m2)

i- Without Access for cleaning and maintenance only 0.250 kN

Note: 1) Roof truss should not be used for supporting water tank load

2) Roof truss is designed 0.25 kN/m2 for service load. Any relevant
loading which is exceeded the above design load is not in
consideration.

3) The roof truss not use for supporting any high magnitude of
vibration such as air condition ducting and air condition fan.
 Sheet No.

Ref. Calculation output

Design Calculation.

Dead load from roof = ( 0.05 + 0.008 + 0.25 + 0.08 )kN/m2

x 6.4 m

= 2.483 kN/m x 1.6

= 3.973 kN/m

live load = 0.25 x 6.4 x 1.4

= 2.24

Ultimate roofing load = 6.21 x 19.5

= 121.1 kN

Vertical load, N each column = 60.55 kN

PAD FOOTING DESIGN (BS8110)

bcx

Ds

dx Db

bbx
Pult

Square pad base

(y axis into page)
 Sheet No.

Column Details

Length of loaded area; bcx = 350 mm

Breadth of loaded area; bcy = 350 mm

Load Details

Unfactored column axial load; Fcu = 30 kN

Details of soil above base

Depth of soil above bas; Ds = 500 mm

Density of soil above base ρsoil = 1800 kg/m3

Self weight of soil above base; ρsself = ρsoil x gacc x Ds = 8.8 kN/m2

Base Details

Depth of base; Db = 300 mm

Density of base; ρbase = 3000 kg/m3

Base self weight; = ρbase x gacc x Db = 8.8 kN/m2

Materials

Characteristic strength of tension reinforcement; fy = 460 N/mm2

Characteristic concrete strength; fcu = 30 N/mm2

Details of soil under base

The assumed total allowable bearing pressure; ptot = 100 kN/m2

Allowable net bearing pressure; pnet = ptot - (pbself + psself) = 82.4 kN/m2

Base size

Base size reqd; Lbreq = √(Fcu / pnet) = 0.6 m

SQUARE PAD BASE DESIGN FORCES-ISOLATED BASES (AXIAL LOAD ONLY)

Base details

Depth of base; Db = 300 mm

Cover to tension reinforcement Cb = 35 mm

 Sheet No.

Trial bar Diameter Dtry_x = 20 mm

Depth to X tension bars from compression face

dx = Db - Cb - Dtry_x / 2 = 255 mm

Trial bar diameter Dtry_x = 20 mm

Depth to Y tension bars from compression face

dy = Db - Cb - Dtry_x - Dtry_x / 2 = 235 mm

Design Forces

Total column load on pad base (ultimate)

Column ultimate axial load Fcf = 60.5 kN

Actual soil pressure under base

Ultimate design bearing pressure Pult = Fcf / Lb2 = 168 kN/m2

Assume the base is a cantilevered slab with uniform load P ult per m2

Ultimate moment at column face

Mx = Pult x (Lb/2 - bcx/2) /2

2
= 7.7 kNm/m

My = Pult x (Lb/2 - by/2) /2

2
= 7.7 kNm/m

Ultimate shear forces at column face

Vx = Pult x (Lb/2 - bcx/2) = 36.1 kNm/m

Vy = Pult x (Lb/2 - bcy/2) = 36.1 kNm/m

Area within base
Ultimeate shear at 1d from column face -OK

V1dx = Pult x (Lb/2 - bbcx/2 - dx) = 14.4 kNm/m

V1dy = Pult x (Lb/2 - bbcy/2 - dx) = 14.4 kNm/m

Punching shear at 1.5d Area within base

-OK
Vp = Pult x (Lb2 - ((3 x dx + bcx)x (3xdx+bcy))) = 13.8 kN

Perimeter at 1.5d; u = 2 x (bcx + bcy + 6 x dx) = 3.66 m

Note - it is assumed that edge distances permit this to be a valid failure

mechanism
 Sheet No.

Base reinforcement - along X axis

Depth to tension steel along X axis; dx = 255 mm

Ultimate moment at column face; Mx = 7.7 kNm/m

Area of reinforcement required

Kx = abs(Mx) / dx2 x fcu) = 0.005

k' = 0.156 Compression steel

not required
Pad Base requiring X tension steel only - bars

zx = min (( 0.95 x dx), (dx x (0.5 + √(0.25 - Kx/0.9)))) = 242 mm

Neutral axis depth; Xx = (dx - zx) / 0.45 = 28 mm

Area of tension steel required

Asx_req = abs (Mx) / (1/ γms x fy x zx) = 72 mm2/m

Tension steel

Provide 16 dia bars @ 150 centres

Asx_req = Asx = 1341 mm2/m Area of tension

steel provided
Check min and max areas of steel sufficient

Overall depth of base; = 300 mm

Total area of concrete per metre width; Ac = Db = 300000 mm2/2

Minimum percentage of tension reinforcement; Kt = 0.13 %

Ast_min = Kt x Ac = 390 mm2/2

Ast_max = 4 % x Ac = 12000 mm2/2 Area of tension

steel provided OK
Check of nominal cover

Effective depth to bottom outer tension reinforcement; dx = 255.5 mm

Cover to outer tension reinforcement

Cten = Db - dx - Dx/2 = 35 mm

Permissible minimum nominal cover to all reinforcement (Table 3.4)

Cmin = 35 mm Cover over outer

steel OK
 Sheet No.

Base reinforcement - along Y axis

Depth to tension steel along Y axis; dy = 235 mm

Ultimate moment at column face; My = 7.7 kNm/m

Area of reinforcement reqired

Ky = abs (My ) / (dy2 x fcu) = 0.006

k' = 0.156
Compression steel
Pad Base requiring Y tension steel only - bars not required

zx = min (( 0.95 x dx), (dx x (0.5 + √(0.25 - Kx/0.9)))) = 223 mm

Neutral axis depth; Xx = (dx - zx) / 0.45 = 26 mm

Area of tension steel required

Asx_req = abs (Mx) / (1/ γms x fy x zx) = 78 mm2/m

Tension steel

Provide 16 dia bars @ 150 centres

Asx_req = Asx = 1341 mm2/m Area of tension

steel provided
Check min and max areas of steel sufficient

Overall depth of base; = 300 mm

Total area of concrete per metre width; Ac = Db = 300000 mm2/2

Minimum percentage of tension reinforcement; Kt = 0.13 %

Ast_min = Kt x Ac = 390 mm2/2

Ast_max = 4 % x Ac = 12000 mm2/2 Area of tension

steel provided OK
SHEAR RESISTANCE OF CONCRETE PAD BASE - X AXIS (CL 3.5.5)

Depth to tension steel; dx = 255 mm

Area of X axis tension reinforcement provided (per m width of slab); Asx_prov

= 1341 mm2/m

Design ultimate shear forces

at column face; Vx = 36 kN/m

 Sheet No.

at 1d from the column face; V1dx = 14 kN/m

Characteristic concrete strength; fcu = 25 N/mm2

Applied shear stresses

vx = Vx / dx = 0.14 N/mm2

v1dx = V1dx / dx = 0.06 N/mm2

Check shear stress to clause 3.4.5.2 at face of column

Vallowable = min ((0.8 N / mm) x √(fcu), 5 N/mm )

1/2 2
= 4.00 N/mm2

Shear stresses to clause 3.4.5.4 at 1d from face of column

Design shear stress

fcu_ratio = if (fcu > 40 N/mm , 40/25 , fcu/(25 N/mm )

2 2
= 1.0 N/mm2
Shear stress - OK
vcx = 0.79 N/mm x min (3,100 x Asx_prov/dx) x max (1,(400 mm) /dx)
2 1/3 1/4

/ 1.25 x fcu_ratio 1/3

vcx = 0.56 N/mm2

Applied shear stresses

V1dx = 0.06 N/mm2

No shear reinforcement
required

SHEAR RESISTANCE OF CONCRETE PAD BASE - Y AXIS (CL 3.5.5)

Depth to tension steel; dy = 235 mm

Area of Y axis tension reinforcement provided ( per m width of slab) ;

Asy_ prov = 1341 mm2/m

Design ultime shear forces

at column face; Vy = 36 kN/m

at 1d from the column face; V1dy = 14 kN/m

Characteristic concrete strength; fcu = 25 N/mm2

Applied shear stresses

vy = Vy / dy = 0.15 N/mm2

v1dy = v1dy /d = 0.06 N/mm2

y
 Sheet No.

Check shear stress to clause 3.4.5.2 at face of column

Vallowable = min ((0.8 N1/2 /mm) x √(fcu), 5 N/mm2) = 4 N/mm2 Shear stress -
OK
shear stresses to clause 3.4.5.4 at 1d from face of column

Design shear stress

fcu_ratio = if (fcu > 40 N/mm , 40/25 , fcu/(25 N/mm )

2 2
= 1.0 N/mm2

vcy = 0.79 N/mm x min (3,100 x Asy_prov/dx) x max (1,(400 mm) /dy)
2 1/3 1/4

/ 1.25 x fcu_ratio 1/3

vcy = 0.59 N/mm2

Applied shear stresses

V1dy = 0.06 N/mm2

No shear reinforcement
required

PUNCHING SHEAR AT CONCENTRATED LOADS (CL 3.7.7)

Tension steel resisting bending

Total length of outer perimeter at 1.5d from loaded area; u = 3660 mm

Depth to outer steel; dx = 255 mm

Depth to inner steel; dy = 235 mm

Average depth to "tension" steel; dav = ( dx + dy ) / 2 = 245 mm

Area of outer steel per m effective through the perimeter Asx_prov

= 1341 mm2/m

Area of inner steel per m effective through the perimeter Asx_prov

= 1341 mm2/m

Max shear effective across either perimeter under consideration; V p

= 14.0 kN

Characteristic strength of concrete; fcu = 25 N/mm2

 Sheet No.

Shear stress to clause 3.7.7.4

Design shear stress

fcu_ratio = if (fcu > 40 N/mm , 40/25 , fcu/(25 N/mm )

2 2
= 1.0 N/mm2

vcp = 0.79 N/mm x min (3,100 x ((bcy + 3 x dav) x Asx_prov +

2

(bcx + 3 x dav) x Asy prov)/ (bcx + bcy + 6 x dav)/dav)1/3 x

max (1,(400 mm)/dav)1/4 / 1.25 x fcu_ratio 1/3

vcp = 0.572 N/mm2

Applied shear stresses

stress around perimeter; vp = Vp / (u x dav) = 0.015 N/mm2

No shear reinforcement
required
 Sheet No.

Purlin Design

a) Loading
Perlin at 1.35m centres: span 6.4 m simply supported rafter slope of 20°

Assume purlin to be 152 x 76 channel section : Grade 43 A steel.

cladding : 1.35 x 6.4 x 0.15 = 1.296 kN

selfweight: 6.4 x 0.13 = 0.832 kN

Total dead load = 2.128 kN

Imposed Load, w1 = 1.35 cos 20° x 6.4 x 0.25

= 2.03 kN

Wind load, ww = 1.35 x 6.4 x ( -0.4 )

= -3.456 kN

Ultimate design load = ( 1.4 x 2.128 ) + ( 1.6 x 2.03 )

= 6.23 kN

b) Bending moment & shear force:

Max. ultimate moment Mx = 6.23 kN x 6.4 / 8

= 4.98 kNm

Max. ultimate shear force Fx = 6.23 / 2

= 3.115

c) Shear Capacity

Design strength for purlin = 275 N/mm2

Shear area Avx = 152.4 x 6.4 = 975 mm2

Shear capacity, ρvx = 0.6 py Avx

= 0.6 x 275 x 975 x 10-3

= 161 kN

Shear Aera, Avy = 0.9Ao

= 0.9 x 2 x 76.2 x 9 = 1234 mm2

 Sheet No.

Shear Capacity Pvy = 0.6 x 275 x 1234 x 10-3

= 204 kN

Shear capacity > shear force adequate

d) Moment capacity

b 8.47
=
T

d = 16.5
t

Mcx = Pysx

= 275 x 130 x 10-3 = 35.8 kNm < 1.2 Pyzx

1.2 Pyzx = 1.2 x 275 x 112 x 10-3

= 37 kNm

Moment capacity Mcy = PySy

= 0.275 x 41.3 = 11.4 kNm

The ratio Sy/Zy is greater than 1.2 and hence constant 1.2 is the ratio
factored load/unfactored load

= 6.4 / [0.99 + 2.88] = 1.55

So, Mcy shall not exceed 1.55 PyZy

= 1.55 x 275 x 21 = 9 kNm

Local capacity check

Mx/Mcx + My/Mcy ≥ 1 (for channel section)

4.98 + 4.5 = 0.64

35.8 9

Local capacity of section is aduequate

e) Wind Section

Loads Wdx = 2.88 cos 20° = 2.71 kN

Wwx = -3.456 kN
 Sheet No.

Ultimate load Wx = ( 1.00 x 2.71 ) + ( 1.4 x -3.456 )

= -2.13 kN

Wy = 1 x 0.99 = 0.99 kN

So, Mx = -2.13 x 6.4 / 8

= -1.7 kNm

My = 0.99 x 6.4 / 6

= 1.06 kNm

Buckling Resistance Mb :

LE = 1 x 6.4 = 6.4 m Cl 4.3.5

Slenderness λ = 6400 / 22.4

= 285.7 (less than 350) Cl 4.7.3.2

Lateral torsional buckling

λLT = nuѴλ

Torsional index x = 14.5

λ = 285.7 = 19.7
x 14.5

Ѵ = 0.48 Tb 14

u = 0.902

n = 0.94 (for β = 0 and γ = 0)

λLT = 0.94 x 0.902 x 0.48 x 285.7

= 116.3

Pb = 102 N/mm2 Tb 11

Buckling resistance, Mb = Pb Sx

= 102 x 130 x 10-3

= 13.26 kNm

Buckling check : uniform moment factor (m) equal to 1.0 ( member loaded
between restraints)
 Sheet No.

Mx/Mcx + My/Mcy ≥ 1

1.7 + 1.06 = 0.22

13.26 11.4

# Buckling resistance therefore satisfactory

f) Deflection

limit of span / 200 is adopted

so, 6400/200 = 32 mm

Deflection of purlin, fx = 5W1xL /

3
384 E Ix

where; W1x = 2.03 cos 20° = 1.91 kN

E= 205 kN/mm2

δx = 5 x 1.91 x 6400 3
/ 384.0 x 205.0 x 852 x 104

= 3.73 mm

δy = 28.5 mm < Deflection limit = 32 mm

 Sheet No.

From the previous design report ;

Vertical load , N for each column = 60.5 kN

BS 8110
For cemetry column design ; N = 0.35fcu Ac + 0.67fy Asc (M = 0) C.l 3.8.4.4

Concrete Grade 20 N/mm²;

60.5 x 10³ = 0.35 x 20 x [(350-75)²] + ( 0.67 x 460 x Asc )

Asc = -1521.33mm

100 Asc / bh = (100 x 2458.22) / 350² = 1.24

(size of column 350mm x 350mm is still adequate)

Concrete Grade 30 N/mm²;

60.5 x 10³ = 0.35 x 30 x [(350-75)²] + ( 0.67 x 460 x Asc )

Asc = -2380.15mm

100 Asc / bh = (100 x 3785.49) / 350² = 1.90