THERMODYNAMICS  B.

Isolated system
 C. Open system
1. The term “thermodynamics” comes from Greek  D. Closed system
words “therme” and “dynamis” which means _______. 14. Open system usually encloses which of the
 A. Heat power following devices?
 B. Heat transfer  A. Compressor
 C. Heat energy  B. Turbine
 D. Heat motion  C. Nozzle
2. The term “thermodynamics” was first used in 1849  D. All of the above
in the publication of a 15. The boundaries of a control volume, which may
 A. Rudolph Clausius either real or imaginary is called _____.
 B. William Rankine  A. Control boundary
 C. Lord Kelvin  B. Control system
 D. Thomas Savery  C. Interface
3. What law asserts that energy is a thermodynamic  D. Control surface
property? 16. Any characteristic of a thermodynamics system is
 A. First law of Thermodynamics called a _____.
 B. Second law of Thermodynamics  A. Property
 C. Third law of Thermodynamics  B. Process
 D. Zeroth law of Thermodynamics  C. Phase
4. What law asserts that energy has quality as well as  D. Cycle
quantity? 17. How are thermodynamic properties classified?
 A. First law of Thermodynamics  A. Physical and chemical
 B. Second law of Thermodynamics  B. Intensive and extensive
 C. Third law of Thermodynamics  C. Real and imaginary
 D. Zeroth law of Thermodynamics  D. Homogeneous and heterogeneous
5. The macroscopic approach to the study of 18. The thermodynamic properties that are
thermodynamics does not require a knowledge of the independent on the size of the system is called _____.
behavior of individual particles is called _____.  A. Extensive property
 A. Dynamic thermodynamics  B. Intensive property
 B. Static thermodynamics  C. Open property
 C. Statistical thermodynamics  D. Closed property
 D. Classical thermodynamics 19. The thermodynamic properties that are dependent
6. What is the more elaborate approach to the study of on the size or extent of the system is called _____.
thermodynamics and based on the average behavior of  A. Extensive property
large groups of individual particles?  B. Intensive property
 A. Dynamic thermodynamics  C. Open property
 B. Static thermodynamics  D. Closed property
 C. Statistical thermodynamics 20. Which is NOT an intensive property of
 D. Classical thermodynamics thermodynamics?
7. What is defined a region in space chosen for study?  A. Temperature
 A. Surroundings  B. Mass
 B. System  C. Pressure
 C. Boundary  D. Density
 D. Volume 21. Which is NOT an extensive property of
8. The first law of thermodynamics is based on which thermodynamics?
of the following principles?  A. Density
 A. Conservation of mass  B. Mass
 B. Conservation of energy  C. Volume
 C. Action and reaction  D. Energy
 D. The entropy-temperature relationship 22. Extensive properties per unit mass are called
9. What is the mass or region outside the system _____.
called?  A. Specific properties
 A. Surroundings  B. Relative properties
 B. Boundary  C. Unit properties
 C. Volume  D. Phase properties
 D. Environment 23. A system is in ______ equilibrium if the
10. What is the real or imaginary surface that temperature is the same throughout the entire system.
separates the system from its surroundings?  A. Static
 A. Division  B. Thermal
 B. Wall  C. Mechanical
 C. Boundary  D. Phase
 D. Interface 24. A system is in ______ equilibrium if there is no
11. A system which consists of fixed amount of mass change in pressure at any point of the system with
and no mass can cross its boundary called _____. time.
 A. Equilibrium system  A. Pressure
 B. Thermal equilibrium system  B. Thermal
 C. Open system  C. Mechanical
 D. Closed system  D. Phase
12. A system in which even energy is not allowed to 25. If a system involves two phases, it is in ______
cross the boundary is called ____. equilibrium when the mass of each phase reaches an
 A. Closed system equilibrium level and stays there.
 B. Exclusive system  A. Chemical
 C. Isolated system  B. Thermal
 D. Special system  C. Mechanical
13. A system in which there is a flow of mass is known  D. Phase
as _____.
 A. Equilibrium system
26. A system is in ______ equilibrium of its chemical  C. Isochoric process
composition does not change with time, i.e., no  D. Isometric process
chemical reaction occurs. 39. What is a process during which the pressure
 A. Chemical remains constant?
 B. Thermal  A. Isobaric process
 C. Mechanical  B. Isothermal process
 D. Phase  C. Isochoric process
27. “The state of a simple compressible system is  D. Isometric process
completely specified by two independent, intensive 40. What is a process during which the specific volume
properties”. This is known as ______. remains constant?
 A. Equilibrium postulate  A. Isobaric process
 B. State postulate  B. Isothermal process
 C. Environment postulate  C. Isochoric or isometric process
 D. Compressible system postulate  D. Isovolumetric process
28. What is the unit of the total energy of the system? 41. The prefix “iso” used to designate a process means
 A. Kj ______.
 B. Kj/Kg  A. Cannot be interchanged
 C. Kg  B. Remains constant
 D. g  C. Approximately equal
29. Without electrical, mechanical, gravitational,  D. Slight difference
surface tension and motion effects, a system is called 42. What does the term “steady” implies?
_____ system.  A. No change with volume
 A. Simple  B. No change with time
 B. Simple compressible  C. No change with location
 C. Compressible  D. No change with mass
 D. Independent 43. What does the tem “uniform” implies?
30. What refers to any change that a system  A. No change with volume
undergoes from one equilibrium state to another  B. No change with time
equilibrium state?  C. No change with location
 A. Process  D. No change with mass
 B. Path 44. What is defined as a process during which a fluid
 C. Phase flows through a control volume steadily?
 D. Cycle  A. Transient-flow process
31. What refers to the series of state through which a  B. Steady and uniform process
system passes during a process?  C. Uniform-flow process
 A. Path  D. Steady-flow process
 B. Phase 45. The sum of all the microscopic form of energy is
 C. Cycle called _____.
 D. Direction  A. Total energy
32. How many independent properties are required to  B. Internal energy
completely fix the equilibrium state of a pure gaseous  C. System energy
compound?  D. Phase energy
 A. 4 46. What type of system energy is related to the
 B. 3 molecular structure of a system?
 C. 2  A. Macroscopic form of energy
 D. 1  B. Microscopic form of energy
33. What is a process in which the system remains  C. Internal energy
infinitesimally closed to an equilibrium state at all  D. External energy
times? 47. What form of energy refers to those a system
 A. Path equilibrium process possesses as a whole with respect to some outside
 B. Cycle equilibrium process reference frame, such as potential and kinetic
 C. Phase equilibrium process energies?
 D. Quasi-state or quasi- equilibrium process  A. Macroscopic form of energy
34. A closed system may refer to ______.  B. Microscopic form of energy
 A. Control mass  C. Internal energy
 B. Control volume  D. External energy
 C. Control energy 48. Who coined the word “energy” in 1807?
 D. Control temperature  A. William Rankine
35. An open system may refer to ______.  B. Rudolph Clausius
 A. Control mass  C. Lord Kelvin
 B. Control volume  D. Thomas Young
 C. Control energy 49. The molecules of a gas moving through space with
 D. Control temperature some velocity possesses what kind of energy?
36. A system is said to be in thermodynamic  A. Translational energy
equilibrium if it maintains ______ equilibrium.  B. Spin energy
 A. Mechanical and phase  C. Rotational kinetic energy
 B. Thermal and chemical  D. Sensible energy
 C. Thermal, mechanical and chemical 50. The electrons in an atom which rotate about the
 D. Thermal, phase, mechanical and chemical nucleus possess what kind of energy?
37. What is a process with identical end states called?  A. Translational energy
 A. Cycle  B. Spin energy
 B. Path  C. Rotational kinetic energy
 C. Phase  D. Sensible energy
 D. Either path or phase 51. The electrons which spins about its axis will
38. What is a process during which the temperature possess what kind of energy?
remains constant?  A. Translational energy
 A. Isobaric process  B. Spin energy
 B. Isothermal process  C. Rotational kinetic energy
  D. Sensible energy 64. What gas thermometer is based on the principle
52. What refers to the portion of the internal energy of that at low pressure, the temperature of a gas is
a system associated with the kinetic energies of the proportional to its pressure at constant volume?
molecules?  A. Constant-pressure gas thermometer
 A. Translational energy  B. Isobaric gas thermometer
 B. Spin energy  C. Isometric gas thermometer
 C. Rotational kinetic energy  D. Constant-volume gas thermometer
 D. Sensible energy 65. What is the state at which all three phases of water
53. What is the internal energy associated with the coexist in equilibrium?
phase of a system called?  A. Tripoint of water
 A. Chemical energy  B. Triple point of water
 B. Latent energy  C. Triple phase point of water
 C. Phase energy  D. Phase point of water
 D. Thermal energy 66. What is defined as the force per unit area?
54. What is the internal energy associated with the  A. Pressure
atomic bonds in a molecule called?  B. Energy
 A. Chemical energy  C. Work
 B. Latent energy  D. Power
 C. Phase energy 67. The unit “pascal” is equivalent to ______.
 D. State energy  A. N/m^2
55. What is the extremely large amount of energy  B. N/m
associated with the strong bonds within the nucleus of  C. N-m
the atom itself called?  D. N-m^2
 A. Chemical energy 68. Which of the following is NOT a value of the
 B. Latent energy standard atmospheric pressure?
 C. Phase energy  A. 1 bar
 D. Nuclear energy  B. 1 atm
56. What are the only two forms of energy interactions  C. 1 kgf/cm^2
associated with a closed system?  D. 14.223 psi
 A. Kinetic energy and heat 69. What is the SI unit of pressure?
 B. Heat transfer and work  A. Atm
 C. Thermal energy and chemical energy  B. Bar
 D. Latent energy and thermal energy  C. Pa
57. What states that if two bodies are in thermal  D. Psi
equilibrium with a third body, they are also in 70. 1 bar is equivalent to how many pascals?
equilibrium with each other?  A. 10^3
 A. Zeroth law of thermodynamics  B. 10^4
 B. First law of thermodynamics  C. 10^5
 C. Second law of thermodynamics  D. 10^6
 D. Third law of thermodynamics 71. 1 atm is equivalent to how many pascals?
58. Who formulated the zeroth law of thermodynamics  A. 101,325
in 1931?  B. 101,689
 A. A. Celsuis  C. 101,102
 B. A. Einstein  D. 101,812
 C. R.H. Fowler 72. What is considered as the actual pressure at a
 D. G. Fahrenheit given position and is measured relative to absolute
59. What is the thermodynamic temperature scale in vacuum?
the SI system?  A. Gage pressure
 A. Kelvin scale  B. Absolute pressure
 B. Celsius scale  C. Atmospheric pressure
 C. Fahrenheit scale  D. Vacuum pressure
 D. Rankine scale 73. What is the pressure below atmospheric pressure
60. What is the thermodynamic temperature scale in called?
the English system?  A. Gage pressure
 A. Kelvin scale  B. Absolute pressure
 B. Celsius scale  C. Atmospheric pressure
 C. Fahrenheit scale  D. Vacuum pressure
 D. Rankine scale 74. The difference between the absolute pressure and
61. What temperature scale is identical to the Kelvin the atmospheric pressure is called the _____ pressure.
scale?  A. Gage
 A. Ideal gas temperature scale  B. Normal
 B. Ideal temperature scale  C. Standard
 C. Absolute gas temperature scale  D. Vacuum
 D. Triple point temperature scale 75. Which of the following is NOT an instrument used
62. The temperatures of the ideal gas temperature to measure pressure?
scale are measured by using a ______.  A. Bourdon tube
 A. Constant-volume gas thermometer  B. Pitot tube
 B. Constant-mass gas thermometer  C. Aneroid
 C. Constant-temperature gas thermometer  D. Manometer
 D. Constant-pressure gas thermometer 76. What instrument is used to measure atmospheric
63. What refers to the strong repulsion between the pressure?
positively charged nuclei which makes fusion reaction  A. Pitot tube
difficult to attain?  B. Wind vane
 A. Atomic repulsion  C. Barometer
 B. Nuclear repulsion  D. Manometer
 C. Coulomb repulsion 77. Another unit used to measure atmospheric
 D. Charge repulsion pressure is the “torr”. This is named after the Italian
physicist, Evangelista Torrecelli. An average  A. Molecular heat
atmospheric pressure is how many torr?  B. Specific heat
 A. 740  C. Latent heat
 B. 750  D. Molar heat
 C. 760 91. “The enthalpy change for any chemical reaction is
 D. 770 independent of the intermediate stages, provided the
78. What states that for a confined fluid, the pressure initial and final conditions are the same for each
at a point has the same magnitude in all directions? route.” This statement is known as:
 A. Avogadro’s Law  A. Dulong’s Law
 B. Amagat Law  B. Dalton’s Law
 C. Pascal’s Law  C. Hess’s Law
 D. Bernoulli’s Theorem  D. Petit Law
79. What pressure measuring device consists of a 92. What refers to the measure of the disorder present
coiled hollow tube that tends to straighten out when in a given substance or system?
the tube is subjected to an internal pressure?  A. Enthalpy
 A. Aneroid  B. Entropy
 B. Manometer  C. Heat capacity
 C. Bourdon pressure gage  D. Molar heat
 D. Barometer 93. Entropy is measured in ______.
80. What is an energy that can be transferred from  A. Joule/Kelvin
one object to another causing a change in temperature  B. Joule-Meter/Kelvin
of each object?  C. Meter/Kelvin
 A. Power  D. Newton/Kelvin
 B. Heat transfer 94. What is the energy absorbed during chemical
 C. Heat reaction under constant volume conditions?
 D. Work  A. Entropy
81. What is the SI unit of energy?  B. Ion exchange
 A. Newton  C. Enthalpy
 B. Btu  D. Enthalpy of reaction
 C. Calorie 95. When water exists in the liquid phase and is not
 D. Joule about to vaporize, it is considered as _____liquid.
82. One joule is equivalent to one _____.  A. Saturated
 A. Kg ∙ m/ s^2  B. Compressed or subcooled
 B. Kg ∙ m^2/s^2  C. Superheated
 C. Kg ∙ m^2/s  D. Unsaturated
 D. Kg ∙ m/s 96. A liquid that is about to vaporize is called ______
83. One calorie is equivalent to how many joules? liquid.
 A. 4.448  A. Saturated
 B. 4.184  B. Compressed or subcooled
 C. 4.418  C. Superheated
 D. 4.814  D. Unsaturated
84. One erg is equivalent to how many joules? 97. A vapor that is about to condense is called ______
 A. 10^-8 vapor.
 B. 10^-7  A. Saturated
 C. 10^-6  B. Compressed or subcooled
 D. 10^-5  C. Superheated
85. The first law of thermodynamics is the:  D. Unsaturated
 A. Law of conservation of momentum 98. A vapor that is not about to condense is called
 B. Law of conservation of mass _____ vapor.
 C. Law of conservation of power  A. Saturated
 D. Law of conservation of energy  B. Compressed or subcooled
86. What is the study of energy and its  C. Superheated
transformations?  D. Unsaturated
 A. Thermostatics 99. A substance that has a fixed chemical composition
 B. Thermophysics is known as ______ substance.
 C. Thermochemistry  A. Monoatomic
 D. Thermodynamics  B. Heterogeneous
87. What is considered as the heat content of a  C. Homogeneous
system?  D. Pure
 A. Enthalpy 100. What refers to the temperature at which a pure
 B. Entropy substance changes phase at a given pressure?
 C. Internal heat  A. Equilibrium temperature
 D. Molar heat  B. Saturation temperature
88. What refers to the amount of heat needed to raise  C. Superheated temperature
the temperature of an object by one degree Celsius or  D. Subcooled temperature
1K? 101. What refers to the pressure at which a pure
 A. Heat capacity substance changes phase at a given temperature?
 B. Specific heat  A. Equilibrium pressure
 C. Latent heat  B. Saturation pressure
 D. Molar heat  C. Superheated pressure
89. What is the heat capacity of one mole of  D. Subcooled pressure
substance? 102. What is the amount of heat needed to turn 1 kg
 A. Molecular heat of the substance at its melting point from the solid to
 B. Specific heat liquid state?
 C. Latent heat  A. Heat of fusion
 D. Molar heat  B. Heat of vaporation
90. What is the heat capacity of one gram of a  C. Heat of condensation
substance?  D. Heat of fission
103. What is the amount of heat needed to turn 1kg of 115. In the equation Pv = RT, the constant of
the substance at its boiling point from the liquid to the proportionality R is known as ______.
gaseous state?  A. Universal gas constant
 A. Heat of fusion  B. Gas constant
 B. Heat of vaporation  C. Ideal gas factor
 C. Heat of condensation  D. Gas index
 D. Heat of fission 116. The gas constant of a certain gas is the ratio of:
104. What refers to the amount of energy absorbed or  A. Universal gas constant to molar mass
released during a phase-change process?  B. Universal gas constant to atomic weight
 A. Molar heat  C. Universal gas constant to atomic number
 B. Latent heat  D. Universal gas constant to number of moles
 C. Vaporization heat 117. What is the value of the universal gas constant in
 D. Condensation heat kJ/kmol ∙ K?
105. What is the latent heat of fusion of water at 1  A. 10.73
atm?  B. 1.986
 A. 331.1 kJ/kg  C. 8.314
 B. 332.6 kJ/kg  D. 1545
 C. 333.7 kJ/kg 118. The mass of one mole of a substance in grams is
 D. 330.7 kJ/kg known as ______.
106. What is the latent heat of vaporization of water at  A. Molar weight
1 atm?  B. Molar mass
 A. 2314.8 kJ/kg  C. Molar volume
 B. 2257.1 kJ/kg  D. Molar constant
 C. 2511.7 kJ/kg 119. What is defined as the energy required to raise
 D. 2429.8 kJ/kg the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one
107. What refers to the point at which the saturated degree?
liquid and saturated vapor states are the same or  A. Latent heat of fusion
identical?  B. Molar heat
 A. Triple point  C. Specific heat capacity
 B. Inflection point  D. Specific heat
 C. Maximum point 120. The ______ of a substance is the amount of heat
 D. Critical point that must be added or removed from a unit mass of
108. What is defined as the direct conversion of a the substance to change its temperature by one
substance from the solid to the vapor state or vice degree.
versa without passing the liquid state?  A. Latent heat of fusion
 A. Condensation  B. Molar heat
 B. Vaporization  C. Specific heat capacity
 C. Sublimation  D. Specific heat
 D. Cryogenation 121. What is the specific heat capacity of water in J/kg
109. The amount of heat required to raise the ∙°C?
temperature of 1kg of water through 1 °C is called  A. 4581
______.  B. 4185
 A. Calorie  C. 4518
 B. Joule  D. 4815
 C. BTU 122. What is the SI unit of specific heat capacity?
 D. Kilocalorie  A. J/kg
110. The amount of heat required to raise the  B. J/kg∙ °F
temperature of 1 pound of water by 1°F is called  C. J/kg∙ °C
______.  D. J/°C
 A. Calorie 123. What is constant for a substance that is
 B. Joule considered “incompressible”?
 C. BTU  A. Specific volume of density
 D. Kilocalorie  B. Pressure
111. 1 British thermal unit (BTU) is equivalent to how  C. Temperature
many joules?  D. All of the above
 A. 1016 124. If there is no heat transferred during the process,
 B. 1043 it is called a ______ process.
 C. 1023  A. Static
 D. 1054  B. Isobaric
112. The term “enthalpy” comes from Greek  C. Polytropic
“enthalpen” which means ______.  D. Adiabatic
 A. Warm 125. The term “adiabatic” comes from Greek
 B. Hot “adiabatos” which means ______.
 C. Heat  A. No heat
 D. Cold  B. No transfer
113. The ratio of the mass of vapor to the total mass  C. Not to be passed
of the mixture is called ______.  D. No transformation
 A. Vapor ratio 126. How is heat transferred?
 B. Vapor content  A. By conduction
 C. Vapor index  B. By convection
 D. Quality  C. By radiation
114. The “equation of state” refers to any equation  D. All of the above
that relates the ______ of the substance. 127. What refers to the transfer of energy due to the
 A. Pressure and temperature emission of electromagnetic waves or photons?
 B. Pressure, temperature and specific weight  A. Conduction
 C. Temperature and specific weight  B. Convection
 D. Pressure, temperature and specific volume  C. Radiation
 D. Electrification
128. What refers to the transfer of energy between a  D. Emissive power
solid surface and the adjacent fluid that is in motion? 139. What states that for any two bodies in thermal
 A. Conduction equilibrium, the ratios of emissive power to the
 B. Convection absorptivity are equal?
 C. Radiation  A. Kirchhoff’s radiation law
 D. Electrification  B. Newton’s law of cooling
129. What refers to the transfer of energy from the  C. Stefan-Boltzmann law
more energetic particles of a substance to the adjacent  D. Hess’s law
less energetic ones as a result of interaction between 140. What is considered as a perfect absorber as well
particles? as a perfect emitter?
 A. Conduction  A. Gray body
 B. Convection  B. Black body
 C. Radiation  C. Real body
 D. Electrification  D. White body
130. What states that the net mass transfer to or from 141. What is a body that emits a constant emissivity
a system during a process is equal to the net change in regardless of the wavelength?
the total mass of the system during that process?  A. Gray body
 A. Third law of thermodynamics  B. Black body
 B. Conservation of energy principle  C. Real body
 C. Second law of thermodynamic  D. White body
 D. Conservation of mass principle 142. At same temperatures, the radiation emitted by
131. Which of the following statements is TRUE for an all real surfaces is ______ the radiation emitted by a
ideal gas, but not for a real gas? black body.
 A. PV = nRT  A. Less than
 B. An increase in temperature causes an increase  B. Greater than
in the kinetic energy of the gas  C. Equal to
 C. The total volume of molecules on a gas is  D. Either less than or greater than
nearly the same as the volume of the gas as a 143. Which is NOT a characteristic of emissivity?
whole  A. It is high with most nonmetals
 D. No attractive forces exists between the  B. It is directly proportional to temperature
molecule of a gas  C. It is independent with the surface condition of
132. How does an adiabatic process compare to an the material
isentropic process?  D. It is low with highly polished metals
 A. Adiabatic heat transfer is not equal to zero; 144. What is the emissivity of a black body?
isentropic heat transfer is zero  A. 0
 B. Both heat transfer = 0; isentropic: reversible  B. 1
 C. Adiabatic heat transfer = 0; isentropic: heat  C. 0.5
transfer is not equal to zero  D. 0.25
 D. Both heat transfer is not equal to zero; 145. What is the absorptivity of a black body?
isentropic: irreversible  A. 0
133. Which of the following is the Ideal gas law  B. 1
(equation)?  C. 0.5
 A. V/T = K  D. 0.25
 B. V= k*(1/P) 146. What is sometimes known as the “Fourth-power
 C. P1/T1 = P2/T2 law”?
 D. PV = nRT  A. Kirchhoff’s radiation law
134. What is a measure of the ability of a material to  B. Newton’s law of cooling
conduct heat?  C. Stefan-Boltzmann law
 A. Specific heat capacity  D. Hess’s law
 B. Coefficient of thermal expansion 147. What states that the net change in the total
 C. Coefficient of thermal conductivity energy of the system during a process is equal to the
 D. Thermal conductivity difference between the total energy entering and the
135. What refers to the heating of the earth’s total energy leaving the system during that process?
atmosphere not caused by direct sunlight but by  A. Third law of thermodynamics
infrared light radiated by the surface and absorbed  B. Conservation of energy principle
mainly by atmospheric carbon dioxide?  C. Second law of thermodynamics
 A. Greenhouse effect  D. Conservation of mass principle
 B. Global warming 148. The equation Ein – Eout = ∆Esystem is known as
 C. Thermal rise effect ______.
 D. Ozone effect  A. Energy conservation
136. What is a form of mechanical work which is  B. Energy equation
related with the expansion and compression of  C. Energy balance
substances?  D. Energy conversion equation
 A. Boundary work 149. What remains constant during a steady-flow
 B. Thermodynamic work process?
 C. Phase work  A. Mass
 D. System work  B. Energy content of the control volume
137. Thermal radiation is an electromagnetic radiation  C. Temperature
with wavelengths in _____ range.  D. Mass and energy content of the control volume
 A. 1 to 100 µm 150. Thermal efficiency is the ratio of:
 B. 0.1 to 100 µm  A. Network input to total heat input
 C. 0.1 to 10 µm  B. Network output to total heat output
 D. 10 to 100 µm  C. Network output to total heat input
138. What refers to the rate of thermal radiation  D. Network input to total heat output
emitter per unit area of a body?
 A. Thermal conductivity
 B. Absorptivity
 C. Emissivity
1. Heat power 79. Bourdon pressure gage
2. Lord Kelvin 80. Heat
3. First law of Thermodynamics 81. Joule
4. Second law of Thermodynamics 82. Kg ∙ m^2/s^2
5. Classical thermodynamics 83. 4.184
6. Statistical thermodynamics 84. 10^-7
7. System 85. Law of conservation of energy
8. Conservation of energy 86. Thermodynamics
9. Surroundings 87. Enthalpy
10. Boundary 88. Heat capacity
11. Closed system 89. Molar heat
12. Isolated system 90. Specific heat
13. Open system 91. Hess’s Law
14. All of the above 92. Entropy
15. Control surface 93. Joule/Kelvin
16. Property 94. Enthalpy
17. Intensive and extensive 95. Compressed or subcooled
18. Intensive property 96. Saturated
19. Extensive property 97. Saturated
20. Mass 98. Superheated
21. Density 99. Pure
22. Specific properties 100. Saturation temperature
23. Thermal 101. Saturation pressure
24. Mechanical 102. Heat of fusion
25. Phase 103. Heat of vaporation
26. Chemical 104. Latent heat
27. State postulate 105. 333.7 kJ/kg
28. Kj 106. 2257.1 kJ/kg
29. Simple compressible 107. Maximum point
30. Process 108. Sublimation
31. Path 109. Kilocalorie
32. 2 110. BTU
33. Quasi-state or quasi- equilibrium process 111. 1054
34. Control mass 112. Heat
35. Control volume 113. Quality
36. Thermal, phase, mechanical and chemical 114. Pressure, temperature and specific volume
37. Cycle 115. Gas constant
38. Isothermal process 116. Universal gas constant to molar mass
39. Isobaric process 117. 8.314
40. Isochoric or isometric process 118. Molar mass
41. Remains constant 119. Specific heat
42. No change with time 120. Specific heat capacity
43. No change with location 121. 4185
44. Steady-flow process 122. J/kg∙ °C
45. Internal energy 123. Specific volume of density
46. Microscopic form of energy 124. Adiabatic
47. Macroscopic form of energy 125. Not to be passed
48. Thomas Young 126. All of the above
49. Translational energy 127. Radiation
50. Rotational kinetic energy 128. Convection
51. Spin energy 129. Conduction
52. Sensible energy 130. Conservation of mass principle
53. Latent energy 131. PV = nRT
54. Chemical energy 132. Both heat transfer = 0; isentropic: reversible
55. Nuclear energy 133. PV = nRT
56. Heat transfer and work 134. Thermal conductivity
57. Zeroth law of thermodynamics 135. Greenhouse effect
58. R.H. Fowler 136. Boundary work
59. Kelvin scale 137. 0.1 to 100 µm
60. Rankine scale 138. Emissive power
61. Ideal gas temperature scale 139. Kirchhoff’s radiation law
62. Constant-volume gas thermometer 140. Black body
63. Coulomb repulsion 141. Gray body
64. Constant-volume gas thermometer 142. Less than
65. Triple point of water 143. It is independent with the surface condition of the
66. Pressure material
67. N/m^2 144. 1
68. 14.223 psi 145. 1
69. Pa 146. Stefan-Boltzmann law
70. 10^5 147. Conservation of energy principle
71. 101,325 148. Energy balance
72. Absolute pressure 149. Mass and energy content of the control volume
73. Vacuum pressure 150. Network output to total heat input
74. Gage
75. Pitot tube
76. Barometer
77. 760
78. Pascal’s Law