1 INTRODUCTION ON RENEWABLE ENERGY

In the most recent decade or so a global warming and strategy on renewable and clean energy
source have turned into a focal point of exchange on worldwide stage. The standard energizes
(coal, gas and oil) are being exploited at such a rate by the developed and developing nations that
their assets have turned out to be unrenewable and constrained and will run out later on, thus the
world has begun to confide in new and renewable energy sources as cheap, clean and perpetual
substitute. The energy sources which are actually recharge capable and for the most part accessible
as common assets, for example, sun, wind and tides and consequently are perfect and acquired
over and over are called renewable energy sources and energy accessible by these sources is called
renewable energy source. This energy is clean which implies carbon emanation is not there thus
therefore the expanding greenhouse gasses discharged by coal and oil would be diminished
accordingly assuming an essential part in controlling a dangerous atmospheric devation which is
in Agenda 21 of UN earth summit held in 1992 in Rio. The ordinary wellsprings of energy are
very disturbing and petroleum derivatives are diminishing quickly because of that their cost
increments while the renewable energy source assets are lasting and free. In recent years by
concentrated endeavors of United Nations and other natural and practical advancement
organizations around the world renewable energy source has begun to make stern steps for
substituting ordinary petroleum derivative energy creation. Figure 1.1 beneath presentations the
renewable energy source offer of overall energy creation for the year 2010[1].

FOSSIL FUEL
64.9%

HYDRO
POWER 16.1%

NUCLEAR
POWER 13%
OTHER
RENEWABLE 6%
 Figure 1.1 Renewable energy share of global electricity production 2015
1.1 RENEWABLE ENERGY FORMS

1.1.1- Wind Power

Wind turbines are utilized to reap energy accessible in wind currents. Current day turbines
appraised power extends from 600kW to 7.5MW (see reference section A.1). The output energy
of a wind turbine increment with increment of block of wind speed, along these lines turbines are
constantly introduced in high elevations and particularly in spots known for high wind speeds [2].
1.1.2- Solar Power
Reaping sun energy should be possible with two noteworthy ways, the first is to gather solar heat
with mirrors and focus it on channels to trade heat of sun with certain liquid and after that it is
utilized for energy era [3], see Figure 1.2.The second route for electricity generation
straightforwardly from the falling sun beams utilizing static photovoltaic cells [4] as appeared in
the Figure 1.3.

Reflector

Absorber tube Radiation

Figure 1.2 Parabolic trough systems using mirrors