Deadwax

12/28/2018 Dead Wax / Deadwax List Full Length…Continued from Main “Day” Page// – Christmachine
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Dead Wax / Deadwax List Full Length…Continued from Main “Day” Page//
Posted on August 27, 2014 by admin
CONTUNED COMPLETE LIST FROM MAIN “DAY PAGE”
ANOTHER POST COMING JUST AFTER MIDNIGHT (EDT)
THESE ARE NOT MY LISTS. ALL RIGHTS BELONG TO THERE RESPECTIVE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS! THANK YOU!
Here is where I will be posting all Deadwax Identifiers to help you identify your vinyl Provenance/ Lineage. This information was gathered from
around the net, and I will constantly tightening it up and editing for completeness. If there is anything missing here, just let me know and I will
add it if it is relevant. Again this is a FIRST DRAFT, when it is exactly as I want it, the post will be updated to say so. I hope this will help some of
you in your search for the Holy Grail!
What is Deadwax?
Dead Wax (is) the area on vinyl records between the last track on the record and the label, varies greatly from one record company to the other, regarding value as well as quantity of useful
information. The dead wax data on the products of smaller labels are often written manually, i.e. by hand.
I bought 12inch record but half of it is dead wax! It has only two tracks, the rest of it is blank, dead wax! (Source Urban Dictionary)
RMAF13: Deciphering “dead wax” numbers, letters, squiggles and stamps and why they matter…(Video is lengthy but you can get the idea from watching some of it) Thanks to
Michael Fremer @Analog Planet!
RMAF13: Deciphering "dead wax" numbers, letters, squiggles and stamps and why they matter
http://playlists.christmachine.com/cutting-vinyl/dead-wax-deadwax-list-full-length-continued-from-main-day-page/ 1/114
Deadwax Examples in Images:
1. Materdisk Pressing ~
2. Robert Ludwig Pressing ~
3. Wallt Traughot Pressing
4. Beatles Pressing /Stampers
5. Hand Etched
*******************Deadwax Codes:*************************
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List #1
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Pressing Plant Numbers:

56 = Columbia, Pitman, NJ
73 = Columbia, Terre Haute, IN
25 = Columbia, Santa Maria, CA
70 = RCA, Indianapolis, IN
72 = PRC, Richmond, IN
26 = PRC, Compton, CA
16 = Sonic Recording Products/Goldisc
18 = Presswell
19 = Bestway Products, Moutainside, NJ
22 = Allied
24 = Monarch
30 = Plastic Products
49 = Specialty Records Corp., Olyphant, PA
53 = Keel Mfg. (prior to ’79); Hauppauge Record Manufacturing, Ltd. (’79 and later)
54 = Shelley Products
76 = Hub-Servall Record Mfg. Corp.
74 = Electrosound Group Midwest, Inc.
LABELS
Record company codes (the letters after “ST”)
A = Atlantic Records
C = Atco
CAP = Capricorn
CTN = Cotillion Records LPs
CO = Cotillion Records 45s
FC = Famous Charisma
SS = Swan Song
AS = Asylum
MC = Manticore
RS = Rolling Stones Records
HT = Hilltak Records
IL = Island Records
Pressing Plant Codes for LPs:
PR = Presswell Records Mfg. Co., Ancora, NJ (they handled most of Atlantic’s LP’s during much of this period)
LY = Shelley Products, Huntington Station, NY
SP = Specialty Records Corp., Olyphant, PA
MO = Monarch Record Mfg. Co., Los Angeles, CA
PL = Plastic Products, Inc., Memphis, TN
RI = Philips Recording Co., Richmond, IN
AR = Allied Record Co., Inc., Los Angeles, CA
CT or CTH = Columbia Records Pressing Plant, Terre Haute
CP = Columbia (Pitman, NJ)
CS or CSM = Columbia (Santa Maria, CA; very infrequently)
BW = Bestway Plastics, Mountainside NJ
SO = Sonic Recording Products, Holbrook, N
MG or MGS = MGM Record Mfg. Division, Bloomfield, NJ
LP label example (Led Zeppelin I)

ST-A-681461-MO
ST = stereo
A = Atlantic Records label
68 = last two digits of the year Atlantic first received source (tape) and started working on mastering
1461 = tape master number (for side one in this example)
MO = Monarch Records pressing plant
London Records label matrix suffix:
AL – Allentown Record Co.
P – Columbia, Pitman, NJ
TH – Columbia, Terre Haute, IN
SM – Columbia, Santa Maria, CA
SH – Shelley Products, Ltd., Huntington Station, NY
BW – Bestway Products, Inc., Mountainside, NJ
GL – Decca/MCA, Gloversville, NY
K – Decca/MCA, Pinckneyville, IL
PH – PRC (formerly Philips) Recording Corp., Richmond, IN
W – H.V. Waddell, Burbank, CA
OTHER SCRIBINGS IN THE DEADWAX:
AT = Mastered at Atlantic Studios

AT/GP (handwritten) = mastered by George Piros at Atlantic
AT/DK (handwritten) = mastered by Dennis King at Atlantic
ATLANTIC STUDIOS DK (stamped) = mastered by Dennis King at Atlantic
ABS = Alex Sadkin
ab or AB = Abbey Record Mfg. Co. (? we still don’t know the exact meaning)
⍺ʙ = Al Brown (5)
BDI or B.D.I. = Brian Ingoldsby
EDP [in oval] = Europadisk Pressing & Mastering
PR or PRC or (PR) = Philips Recording Co. (maker of metal parts from lacquers)
LW or LWP = Longwear Plating (maker of metal parts from lacquers) Enter as “Mastered At”
♡POGO = Keith Olsen’s Pogologo, Inc. (Productions)
Porky or Porky Prime Cut = George Peckham
Pecko Duck = George Peckham
sƒ = Sam Feldman
RL = Bob Ludwig
LH = Lee Hulko
“ɑ” looks like Q = Allied Record Company (usually followed by B-XXXXX)
MG = MGM Records Division in Bloomfield, NJ (Pressing)
AMP = ABC-Paramount
M = Mercury
RCA = RCA Victor
◈-P-◈ = MCA Pressing Plant, Pinckneyville
回-G-回 = MCA Pressing Plant, Gloversville
G or G1= Columbia Records Pressing Plant, Carrollton, GA
✲ or ☆ (prior to ’64 = Capitol Records Pressing Plant, Los Angeles
—◁ = Capitol Records Pressing Plant, Winchester
RG = Rob Grenell, mastering engineer for Atlantic in the late 60’s
GK = Gilbert Kong
“cg” + “☮” = Chris Gehringer
GF = Greg Fulginiti, of Artisan
R3 or R4 = Mastered at Rainbo Records (on Capitol Pressing)
︵︵〰 (birds) or メ or ❀、= Brian Gardner
DT = Dave Travis
RJ = Ray Janos
AZ CB = Chris Bellman at Allen Zentz Mastering
JG = John Golden
JJ = John Johnson (3)
SM = Stephen Marcussen
MF = Mike Fuller
BK = Bill Kipper
McM = Ron McMaster at EMI NY
SH = Steve Hall
H.W. = Howie Weinberg
TJ = Ted Jensen
RB = Ron Boustead (Precision)
SG = Steve Guy
Chet = Chet Bennett
RAYS = Ray Staff at Trident Studios, London
TLC = The Lacquer Channel
FW Ѽ or FWNY = Frankford/Wayne Mastering Labs
GOL = Goldisc Recording Products, Inc.
SON or Son = Sonic Recording Products, Inc.
CSB ♪♪ = Carlton Batts (usually with F/W)
PP = Plastic Products
TD = Terry Dunavan
ESR = Elektra Sound Recorders
GC or Baseball looking symbol next to Sterling = Greg Calbi
Ƨ = Columbia Records Pressing Plant, Santa Maria
ℰMW = Electrosound Group Midwest, Inc.
WM (W integrated atop M stamp) = Wakefield Manufacturing
⋐riteriɑ = Criteria Studios
ʙʟ⍂ɪʀ or ʙʟ△ɪʀ = Chris Blair (mastering)
dg = David Gold (3) (Gold Star Studios)
HERbiE :^) = Herb Powers Jr. (mastering)
⁄|⁄ǀ⁄|⁄ǀ⁄|⁄K = Randy Kling (mastering)
ℐ⍺ = Jack Adelman
℗©™℠®▷△◁∇Δ◊∆£↔ℒ•·˙ΨºժΣ●Ⴔ
======
List #2
======
G.S.V.) -> Greg Vaughn

(spiral sign) @ D+M -> Robert Henke ( Dubplates-mastering, Berlin )
*-J.T.S.-* -> JTS Studio, London
@cul -> Moritz von Oswald
@t GP -> George Piros
“Soundmaster” Lionel @ Translab, Paris -> Lionel Nicod
7AP -> Augustus Pablo
A 1ST FOR KEV – TOWNHOUSE -> Kevin Metcalfe ( Townhouse Studios, London )
A Porky ‘Oh yes’ Prime cut -> George Peckham
A Porky Prime Cut -> George Peckham
A PORKY PRIME CUT -> George Peckham
A Porky Prime Er-Er-Er Goldfish I Think -> George Peckham
A Porky Prime sniff sniff cut -> George Peckham
A PORKY PRIME TANGO -> George Peckham
Allen Zentz -> Allen Zentz
AM -> Andy Mellwig ( The “A” looks like triangle; Dubplates-mastering, Berlin )
an “A with M” sign -> Andy Mellwig ( Dubplates-mastering, Berlin )
andreas at schnittstelle -> Andreas Kauffelt
andreas@schnittstelle -> Andreas Kauffelt
ARUN -> Arun Chakraverty
AT-GP -> George Piros
Audiodisc YYMMDD -> Pressed at Audiodisc AB
Az -> Allen Zentz ( note the lower case Z )
AZ -> Allen Zentz Mastering Company
AZ (with birds/flower) -> Brian Gardner ( Allen Zentz Mastering Company )
AZ CB -> Chris Bellman ( Allen Zentz Mastering Company )
B.E C.R -> Björn Engelmann ( Cutting Room, Stockholm )
B.E-C.R -> Björn Engelmann ( Cutting Room, Stockholm )
B.G. -> Bernie Grundman
BA -> Björn Almstedt
BA•CR -> Björn Almstedt ( Cutting Room, Stockholm )
BA-CR -> Björn Almstedt ( Cutting Room, Stockholm )
BA-EF -> Björn Almstedt
BA-GP -> Björn Almstedt
BA-T∞ -> Björn Almstedt
Beau -> Beau Thomas
BEAU -> Beau Thomas
beau -> Beau Thomas
Bell Sound -> Bell Sound Studios
Bell Sound sf -> Sam Feldman ( Bell Sound Studios )
BH -> Bobby Hata
BilBo -> Denis Blackham ( which looks like BiBo )
Bilbo master room -> Denis Blackham
BK -> Bill Kipper
BKG -> Brian Gardner
C.R -> Cutting Room, Stockholm
C.T.S. Wembley -> C.T.S. Studios, Wembley.
CGB -> Christoph Grote-Beverborg
CGB / D+M -> Christoph Grote-Beverborg ( Dubplates-mastering, Berlin )
CGB @ D&M -> Christoph Grote-Beverborg ( Dubplates-mastering, Berlin )
CGB@D&M -> Christoph Grote-Beverborg ( Dubplates-mastering, Berlin )
CHRIS P @ UNITY -> Chris Parmenidis
COPYMASTERS – Miles -> Miles Showell
CR -> Cutting Room, Stockholm
CSB ♪♪ -> Carlton Batts ( followed by two musical notes )
CURVE PUSHER. -> Curve Pusher Mastering, London
D Jay @ Masterpiece -> Danny King ( Masterpiece Mastering, London )
D&m -> Dubplates-mastering, Berlin
D. SWABY -> Dudley Swaby
D.A.S. Disc Mastering -> Digital Audio Solutions
D+M -> Moritz Von Oswald ( (note; M has a hook on the end); Dubplates-mastering, Berlin )
DAMONT -> Pressed at Damont Audio Limited
DAS Disc Mastering -> Digital Audio Solutions
DB -> Denis Blackham
DCHARLES -> Dick Charles ( Handwritten signature )
DFI -> Pressed at DFI
Djay@ Masterpiece -> Danny King ( Masterpiece Mastering, London )
DK -> Dennis King
DMM -> Direct Metal Mastering
DMS C -> The Hit Factory, DMS, NYC
DMS cg -> Chris Gehringer ( The Hit Factory, DMS, NYC )
DMS cg [peace sign] -> Chris Gehringer
DMS Coin -> The Hit Factory, DMS, NYC
Doug -> Doug Sax
DUDLEY SWABY -> Dudley “Manzie” Swaby
EURODISC -> Eurodisk Manufacturing
EUROPADISK -> Pressed at Europadisk, NYC.
EXCHANGE 2000 – SIMON. -> Simon Davey
F.A. -> Frank Arkwright
F.A. Metropolis -> Frank Arkwright ( Metropolis Studios, London )
F/W -> Frankford Wayne Mastering Labs, NYC.
F/W J -> Frankford Wayne Mastering Labs, NYC.
Finnvox MJ -> Mika Jussila
FOON MASTERING -> Foon Mastering Center
Frankford/Wayne -> Frankford Wayne Mastering Labs, NYC.
Frankford/Wayne Mastering by Michael -> Michael Sarsfield ( Frankford Wayne Mastering Labs, NYC. )
FST @ D+M -> Frederic Stader ( Dubplates-mastering, Berlin )
FST D+M -> Frederic Stader ( Dubplates-mastering, Berlin )
FST>D+M -> Frederic Stader ( Dubplates-mastering, Berlin )
FTS -> Federal Recording Studios, Kingston / Total Sounds
G.K. -> Gilbert Kong
GC -> Greg Calbi ( Sterling )
Gene -> Gene Thompson
GEORGE – COPYMASTERS -> George Peckham
GK -> Gilbert Kong
Gordon at the Townhouse -> Gordon Vickary
GP -> Grammoplast, Sweden
Graeme -> Graeme Durham
GRAEME – SOUND CLINIC -> Graeme Durham
GRAZ – The Exchange -> Graeme Durham
Graz@The Exchange -> Graeme Durham
greyham the exchange -> Graeme Durham
GSV -> Greg Vaughn ( or “G5V“ )
GUY’S – THE EXCHANGE -> Guy Davie
HEM cg -> Chris Gehringer
Herb :^) -> Herb Powers Jr.
Herbie :^) -> Herb Powers Jr.
Herbie Jr :^) -> Herb Powers Jr.
Herve @ Translab -> Hervé Bordes
HFM ´[number] -> The Hit Factory, DMS, NYC
HFM cg -> Chris Gehringer ( The Hit Factory, DMS, NYC )
HP -> Herb Powers Jr.
HTM -> Harry Moss
HuB -> Frankford Wayne Mastering Labs, NYC. ( ? )
HW -> Howie Weinberg
J.Y. -> Joe Yannece
JA Tape One -> Jack Adams
Jacko – Tape One -> Jack Adams
JC Masterroom -> Jeremy Cooper
JD -> John Dent
JD-ASH -> John Dent and Ashley Burchett ( ? )
John D -> John Davis
JON2 -> John Dent
Jonz -> John Dent
Jonz @ Loud Mastering -> John Dent ( Loud Mastering )
K -> Andreas Kauffelt
KG -> Kevin Gray
K.P. -> Ken Perry
KDISC -> K Disc Mastering
Kendun -> Kent Duncan
LAWRIE @ CURVE PUSHER -> Lawrie Immersion
LB -> Larry Boden
LH -> Lee Hulko
Lionel & Hervé @ Translab -> Lionel Nicod & Hervé Bordes
Loop-0 at D&M -> Loop-o ( Dubplates-mastering, Berlin )
Lupo -> Loop-o
M.M.M.J.R. -> Mark Richardson (3) ( Metropolis Mastering, Chicago )
MANDY @ THE EXCHANGE -> Mandy Parnell
MARTIN @ C.T.S. -> Martin Giles
MASTERDED BY CAPITOL -> Capitol Studio & Mastering , Hollywood
MASTERDISK -> Masterdisk, NYC
MASTERDISK G.K. -> Gilbert Kong
MASTERDISK TD -> Tony Dawsey ( Masterdisk, NYC )
Mastered at Abbey Rd -> Abbey Road Studios, London
mastered at ‘Abbey Road’ -> Abbey Road Studios, London
MASTERED AT ALLEN ZENTZ L.A., CALIF. -> Allen Zentz Mastering Company
MASTERED BY CAPITOL Wally -> Wally Traugott ( Capitol Studio & Mastering , Hollywood )
Mastered by NIMBUS, England -> Nimbus
Mastered MIAMI TAPE -> Miami Tape, Hialeah ( (“MIAMI TAPE” is stamped) )
MATT OPTIMUM -> Matt Colton
MCR -> Master Cutting Room, NYC.
Metropolis Mastering Chicago M.J.R. -> Mark Richardson (3)
MIKE @ THE EXCHANGE -> Mike Marsh
Mike @ The Exchange -> Mike Marsh
Mike’s™ -> Mike Marsh
MILES -> Miles Showell
MJFX -> Mika Jussila
MMMJR -> Mark Richardson (3) ( Metropolis Mastering, Chicago )
MPO -> Moulages et Plastiques de l’Ouest, Averton.
MR -> Mark Regan
Neil – Masterpiece -> Neil Devine
Neil Masterpiece -> Neil Devine
Nick -> Nick Webb Abbey Road Studios, London )[/i]
Nick’s cut! -> Nick Webb Abbey Road Studios, London )[/i]
NILZ – THE EXCHANGE -> Nilesh Patel
NIX MIX TOWNHOUSE -> Larry Nix
Noel @ Transfermation -> Noel Summerville
NOMIS -> Simon Davey ( “Simon” backwards )
NSC -> National Sound Corporation, Detroit ( used to be solely Ron Murphy (except some very early stuff), now also Heath Brunner )
Ø(Phase) -> Ashley Burchett
Ø(Phase) @ Whitfield London -> Ashley Burchett
ø@CURVE PUSHER -> Ashley Burchett
Ø[Phase] -> Ashley Burchett
Øphase -> Ashley Burchett
øPHASE -> Ashley Burchett
øPHASE @ WHITFIELD ST -> Ashley Burchett
Øphase@ Curve Pusher -> Ashley Burchett ( Curve Pusher Mastering, London )
ORLAKE -> Orlake Records, Dagenham
P.A. -> Phil Austin ( Trutone )
P.O.R.K.Y. -> George Peckham
PAUL S @ PORKY’S -> Paul Solomons
Paul S @ Porky’s -> Paul Solomons
PAUL’S @ PORKYS -> Paul Solomons
Paul’s @ Porkys -> Paul Solomons
PAUL’S THE EXCHANGE -> Paul Solomons
Pauls’ The Exchange -> Paul Solomons
PCMJR -> Mark Richardson (3) ( Prairie Cat Mastering, Belvidere )
PD -> Peter Dahl
PD-CR -> Peter Dahl ( Cutting Room, Stockholm )
PECKO -> George Peckham
PECKO DUCK -> George Peckham
Pete @ Tape To Tape -> Pete Norman
PIPO NYC -> Alberto Roges
POLAR -> Polar Mastering, Stockholm (defunct, now Masters of Audio, Stockholm)
Pole -> Pole
POM TR -> Pompon Finkelstein ( Translab, Paris )
porkeys prime cut -> George Peckham
Porky -> George Peckham
Porky Prime Cut -> George Peckham
Porky Primed -> George Peckham
Porkys -> George Peckham
Primed -> George Peckham
R @ D&M -> Rashad Becker ( Squiggly lower case ‘r’; Dubplates & Mastering ,Berlin )
Rashad -> Rashad Becker
Ray at The Exchange -> Ray Staff
RCE -> Rick Essig ( F/W )
RJ -> Ray Janos ( Sterling )
RL -> Bob Ludwig
RV -> Hervé Bordes
S.D -> Simon Davey
S.M. M.J.R. -> Mark Richardson (3) ( Session Masters, Carol Stream )
SD -> Simon Davey
Sean Abbey rd i…i -> Sean Magee ( Abbey Road Studios, London )
sf -> Sam Feldman
SH -> Steve Hall
SH | KG -> Steve Hoffman and Kevin Gray
SHANE -> Shane McEnhill
Shane – the cutteR -> Shane McEnhill ( Graffiti Style; The “h” looks more like a “t” )
Shane @ Heathman’s -> Shane McEnhill ( Graffiti Style; The “h” looks more like a “t” )
SI MASTERPIECE -> Simon Francis
SI Masterpiece -> Simon Francis
SIMON – THE EXCHANGE -> Simon Davey
SIMON „HOOVER POWER“ DAVEY -> Simon Davey
SIMON „NEW SHOOS“ DAVEY -> Simon Davey
SIMON „NIGHT NURSE“ DAVEY -> Simon Davey
simon the exchange -> Simon Davey
SIMON. -> Simon Davey
SNB -> Sabin Brunet
Sound Clinic -> The Sound Clinic, London
Sound Clinic, Graeme -> Graeme Durham ( The Sound Clinic, London )
Sound Clinic/Jonz -> John Dent ( The Sound Clinic, London )
SR -> Stan Ricker
SR/2 -> Stan Ricker
SR2 -> Stan Ricker
SRC signature -> Specialty Records Corporation ( (Stamped, Large S with the R and C in the loops) )
SST -> Schallplatten Schneid Technik, Frankfurt
STERLING -> Sterling Sound, NYC
STRAWBERRY U.K. -> Strawberry Mastering, London
STREAKY @ SOUNDMASTERS -> Streaky
Stu -> Stuart Hawkes
Stu. @ Masterpiece -> Stuart Hawkes
Tape One JA -> Jack Adams
TC -> Tom Coyne
THE EXCHANGE -> The Exchange, London
The Exchange – GD -> Guy Davie
THE EXCHANGE – NILZ -> Nilesh Patel
Tim D. -> Tim Dennen
Tim D. Masterpiece -> Tim Dennen
tim dixon masterpiece -> Tony Dixon
TIMTOM -> Tim Young
Timtom -> Tim Young
TJ -> Ted Jensen ( Sterling )
TLC -> The Lacquer Channel Mastering, Toronto
TML -> The Mastering Lab , Hollowood
TML-M -> The Mastering Lab , Hollowood ( M=Master )
TML-S -> The Mastering Lab , Hollowood ( S=Slave )
TML-X -> The Mastering Lab , Hollowood ( X=Extra )
TOWN HOUSE -> Town House Studios, London
TOWNHOUSE -> Town House Studios, London
Townhouse -> Town House Studios, London
Townhouse Max -> Max Dingel
tph@schnittstelle -> Thomas P. Heckmann
TR -> Translab Mastering, Paris
Transfermation -> Transfermation Mastering, London
TRANSITION -> Transition Mastering Studios, London
Transition -> Transition Mastering Studios, London
Truetone Mastering NYC Carl -> Carl Rowatti ( “Truetone” or “Trutone”? )
Trutone -> Trutone Inc, NYC
Trutone NY – PA -> Phil Austin
Trutone NYC Carl -> Carl Rowatti
TY1 -> Tim Young
Utopia -> Utopia Studios ( With vertical bar(s) in the “U” / Harp )
Village Mastering NYC CR -> Carl Rowatti
Wally -> Wally Traugott
Wally C. @ Masterpiece -> Walter Coelho
Wally C. @ Masterpiece Mastering -> Walter Coelho
Wly -> Wally Traugott
WMME Alsdorf -> Warner Music Manufacturing Europe, Alsdorf
Yann Dub @ DK -> Yann Dub”
======
List #3
======
On this page I’ll try and unravel some of the markings that appear within the “deadwax” or “run-out groove” sections on US 60’s discs. These numbers and letters can reveal the date the
disc was manufactured and/or mastered and by whom and where! This will be an on-going project, so all additional information is welcome. Big thanks to fellow Raresoulforum.com
members, Mike Markesich and Jeff Lemlich, and William Brown of NYC for many additions! First up, here’s a quick “rule of thumb” disc-dating grid covering five major labels and the
infamous West Coast based Monarch pressing plant. Further breakdowns and explanations follow this grid:
Capitol Records
Found extensively on the Capitol, Tower and Uptown labels, the markings of the Capitol pressing plants are either of the following:
1. The “Triangle” stamp in the dead wax containing three numbers/letters indicates the factory based in Scranton, Pennsylvania
2. The “Starburst” or “Daisy” stamp, which is basically an asterix looking shape, is their California pressing plants tag
3. A “R” followed by a 3 or 4 digit number etched into the deadwax on some Uptown releases were pressed by Rainbo Record pressings
The Scranton triangle is located on the label and machine stamped in the deadwax, as a two digit letter prefix, followed by a series master number of usually 3 or 4 digits. The first letter
prefix code indicates the year of release the second, B, is constant, though note the letters “S” and “V” were not used in this coding system, and stereo masters had an “S” added on (i.e.
SYB, SAAB):
Atlantic Records
As an example, Vala Reegan’s “Fireman” has 45-6412 on the right hand side of the label, and 66C-10117 on the left. So does that make it a 64 or a 66 record? Atlantic simply used a
mastering system that puts the last two digits of the year before the tape master number, thus 66C denotes a 1966 mastering for Vala’s “Fireman”. The master number is 10117 whilst the
label number is 6412. The “45” is simply for the speed of the record. From January 1967 a pressing plant code was added to the master numbers:
AR: Allied Record Company – Los Angeles, California
BW: Bestway Products – Mountainside, New Jersey
CL: Columbia
CP or no code: Columbia – Pitman, New Jersey
CT / CTH: Columbia – Terra Haute, Indiana
LY: Shelley Products – Huntington Station, New York
MO: Monarch Records – Los Angeles, California
PL: Plastic Products – Memphis, Tennessee
PR: Presswell Company – Ancora, New Jersey
RI: PRC Recording Industry Products – Richmond, Indiana
SP: Specialty Records Corporation – Olyphant, Pennsylvania
WM:Midwest Record Pressings – Chicago, Illinois
Columbia Records
Like RCA and Capitol, Columbia’s pressing plants and mastering services were used an awful lot by smaller independent local labels. Their three main (others in Terre Haute IN, Pitman NJ)
pressing plants were based in Chicago, Nashville and New York, and are identifiable by the stamped in prefix to the number in the deadwax:
ZTSC – Chicago
ZTSB – Nashville
ZTSP – New York, and to a lesser degree Hollywood
The code itself is broken down thus:
Z – indicates a 7″ medium
T – transcription
S – indicates 45rpm
C – Chicago, where they were pressed
The job numbers which follow the ZTSC, ZTSP, ZTSB, codes were allotted out of the offices in the Fisher Building in Detroit, and were often allocated in batches. Columbia Special Products
Detroit office was first located in the Fisher Building during the mid ’60’s. Orders taken by the office would then be sent to Columbia’s Chicago studio to have the master lacquer (acetate)
cut, which would then be forwarded on to the plant in Terre Haute. Stereo 45 matrix numbers from NY/Hollywood always bore a ‘ZTS’ prefix; Chicago used ‘ZCSV’ prior to 1969, and ‘ZTSV’
thereafter; Nashville’s stereo matrix prefix was ‘ZSSB.’ EP releases bore the following prefix codes: ZTEP = New York/Hollywood; ZTEC = Chicago; ZTEB = Nashville. (‘E’ denoted an EP
release.)
From 1971 to near the end of that decade, Columbia also owned and operated a studio in San Francisco, however, no custom codes were used there. Chicago, Nashville, New York and
Hollywood were only venues of recording studios operated at one time or another by Columbia – in terms of their pressing, besides Pitman (opened 1960, ceased pressing vinyl records in
1986) and Terre Haute (opened 1953, closed 1982 then converted to CD manufacture) they had another plant in Santa Maria, California (opened 1963-64, closed 1981). Prior to 1964,
Columbia also operated an East Coast plant in Bridgeport, Connecticut, and another West Coast factory in Hollywood which was NOT where their studios were there. A company called,
Customatrix was a division of Columbia’s pressing operations that handled the making of metal parts (i.e. mothers, stampers) for such pressings by Columbia.
RCA-Victor Records
Every disc on the RCA label, it’s subsidiaries, and indeed the myriad of independent labels which utilised it’s mighty mastering and pressing facilities, feature a letters and numbers. During
the mid-60’s they had four recording hubs of New York, Chicago, Hollywood or Nashville. Their codes can be broken down thus:
As an example I’ll use the code “634P-0987”. The ‘634P’ is the account number of the client, or the info for the company / person who initialised the account. It has nothing to do with
arriving at a release date. The second number ‘0987’ is simply the master number referencing the tape used to make the master.
The other part of the code that is included on independent labels pressed by RCA, as well as the major label itself, is the code which reads as, -e.g. “TK4M-0987”. Once again, the second
set of numbers refer to the master tape reference number, but the first part of the FOUR DIGIT CODE tells us the following:
THE YEAR:
Noted by the first letter – see below.
THE FORMAT:
K = 45rpm if there was an L = 7″ 33 1/3 rpm; R = 12″ 33 1/3 rpm; P = 10″ 33 1/3 rpm
(An EP actually retained the ‘K’ in the third position, while ‘B’ in the fourth position was mono and ‘A’ was stereo.)
THE TYPE OF ACCOUNT:

A ‘4’ = Custom – re-recorded from client’s furnished tapes -i.e. the client recorded at their own venues, then took the tapes to any of the RCA studios which then cut the lacquers.
A ‘5’ = Custom job whereby the lacquer was furnished to RCA -i.e. cut at a non-RCA studio.
RECORDING TYPE:
“M” denotes mono, “S” would denote stereo.
In the example TK4M-0987, the “T” denotes a 1966 year of mastering and not always the actual year of release, but it usually is accurate 95% of the time and is a useful rule of thumb. The
RCA year codes are thus –
L – 1960 / M – 1961 / N – 1962 / P – 1963 / R – 1964 / S – 1965 / T – 1966 / U – 1967 / W – 1968 / X – 1969
Z – 1970 / A – 1971 / B – 1972 / C – 1973 / D – 1974
One can then pin-point the disc further, as if the account number, in this case “4”, falls BEFORE the “K”, then the disc was mastered between January and June of 1966. If the number is
after the “K”, as in our example TK4M, then it was mastered between July and December, 1966.
In addition to the above, most independent label releases also have a letter stamped into the dead wax which indicates which plant was used:
R – Rockaway, New Jersey,
I – Indianapolis, Indiana, (50 miles Northeast of Bloomington at 7900 Rockville Road)
H – Hollywood, California.
Finally, during 1966, their Chicago studios were apparently so busy that their last set of numbers put the number (3/4/5) in the first position and the year in the second (4TKM!). And as to the
period up to 1962, the second position was 7, 8 or 9 (indications same as 3, 4 or 5, respectively, post-1963), ‘O’ was their code for “Phonograph,” and ‘W’ denoted a 7″, 45 RPM release. (i.e.
L7OW, M9OW or NO8W).
Monarch Pressing Plant Disc Dating
Monarch was one of the major manufacturing / mastering plants based in Los Angeles on the West Coast of the US. It’s possible to date their work to the month and year of release via the
“Delta number” – see the grid below.
Each disc has their “MR” within a circle in the deadwax, and then a “Delta number”, which consists of a scratched in triangle shape followed by a 5 digit number. It appears on both sides of
a disc with an “X” added for the B.side. Note that the Delta/triangle system was not exclusive to Monarch, and other companies such as ALCO ( see below) also utilised it indicating that they
produced the metal masters for pressing from. Record labels may use one company to produce the masters and another to actually press the discs – Monarch had the capability to
manufacture discs. It is also worth noting that another metalwork company, AFM Engineering could also press records, but they used vinyl whereas Monarch produced styrene discs
(injection moulded) rather than ‘pressed/stamped’ out vinyl.
An awful lot of their presses utilised styrene rather than vinyl, which continued on into the 1970’s – note there were plenty of Northern Soul second issues manufactured by Monarch, which
tend to have numbers starting with 8, 9 or 10, instead of earlier original release, if indeed they were 60’s recordings.
Please note the Monarch numbers stated below are guidelines and based on mid-month releases, so numbers either side may fall between months. These numbers were based mainly
around the Dot label and put together by Warren Cook for the “Record Exchanger, vol.2. iss.4. in March 1972.
Plastic Products – Memphis
Atlantic singles pressed by the plant used a “PL” suffix after each matrix number on the record label to identify the origin thereof. In addition, they pressed for Sun Records during its 1950’s
heyday.
Precision – Nashville
Noted by a “PRP” prefix, the Precision Record Press out of Nashville also used Nashville Matrix for plating purposes. Their account number “161” and the Nashville Matrix logo are found in
the deadwax, along with a 3, 4 or 5 digit master number, which is usually also on the record label.
The last digit is either a “1” or “2” designated the proper “side’ of the disc. The PRP code started during December 1967, replacing their previous code, “ZAFX”, which has no connection to
Columbia CBS affiliated pressings, please note.
QCA – Cincinnati
Queen City Albums operated in Cincinnati, Ohio, and their mastering codes are fairly easy to date, – i.e. “QCA 91234” – the first digit 9 refers to the year 1969, the 12 is the month
December. The last set of numbers does not refer to the day, but signifies the number of jobs completed to that point, in this case 112 mastering pressings were done in April of 1966, at that
point in time. The codes change slightly for the 1970’s, – i.e. “QCA 305322” reads as 1973 and the next two digits 05 signify the month of May.
Rainbo Pressings – Santa Monica

An “R” code on the label and sometimes a “R” stamped into the dead wax. This company is still in production.
Recordings Inc. – Baltimore

Noted by an “RI” followed by a four digit number either on the label or in the dead wax -ie RuJac label.
Rite Sound – Cincinnatti

So many small labels used their services yet none of them seemed to ever have a hit! Recognisable from the either a machine stanped or hand-etched “RITE” in the deadwax, and often a
dip in the vinyl/label.
Sheldon – Chicago
Their name is often mistaken as Shelton due to the italic script they used. Records that were mastered / plated by “Sheldon” bear the stamp. If Sheldon pressed the record, then there will
be a three or four digit matrix number that can appear on the label, but is always found in the dead wax (S 4355).
Shelley Products Ltd – Huntingdon Station, N.Y.

They pressed for many East Coast major labels such as Liberty, Imperial and World Pacific, alongside cult independent ones, such as the Red Bird family and the infamous Shrine label.
Their “X” mark is raised rather than etched into the styrene pressings they used, and often the actual record labels seem to come adrift from the discs due to poor quality adhesives used…
this improved post-67. During 1969, the “X” was replaced with a backwards “S” within a circle. This company also owned the Golden Crest label.
Sonic Recording Products – Long Island, N.Y.

Identified by “SON” hand-etched in the dead wax (mostly post-1970).
The Sound Of Nashville – Nashville

Recognisable from the “SoN” prefix on the label.
Southern Plastics – Nashville

Based at #459 Chestnut Street next door to Matrix of Nashville, this vinyl pressing compnay dates back to 1949 – the name was changed to United Record Pressing Inc. during 1971, but
they remained at the same location. Their “SO” codes began during the early 1960’s and are sometimes noted on the label, but always in the dead wax, followed by a 3 or 4 digit number.
However, in some cases the “SO” code does not appear in either location, and you’ll then find a number “5” and a “Nashville Matrix” script code in the dead wax.
Specialty Records Corp. – Olyphant, PA.

Pressed for Atlantic/Atco for many years, and whose pressings were identified by an uppercase “S” with a small “R” inside the top half of the letter, and a small ‘C’ inside the bottom half,
which was backwards before 1972 and forwards thereafter, stamped on the dead wax.
Stereo Sound – Chicago

This plant operated out of Chicago and was started by a former employee of the Chess label family group. A “SS” is always found as a prefix followed by a four digit number, i.e. SS 4622-
01A, The 4622 is the master number which yields a date, and the 01A suffix refers to the side designation of the song. The SS refers to the fact that the song was recorded “in house” at
their studio. A second code using the letter “M” refers to outside recordings brought in for mastering and pressing. Those codes read, -i.e. 7701-01M. The “M” replaces the A or B
designation used in the SS code. Some discs may omit the M letter or the SS code (there was no consideration to the fact that somebody would want to know these intricacies 35 years
later), thus the identifier to cite a Stereo Sound press is the suffix 01A, or 01B which always follows the master number in the dead wax.
Superior Plastics Company – New Orleans

This was Dover Distribution’s pressing plant based at 340 Brooklyn Avenue. The offices for the record company, studios, pressing plant, and distribution company were all at 748 Camp
Street. Dover was the label distribution arm that handled labels such as Manhattan, U-Doe, Busy-B, White Cliff, Hot Line, Apollo etc. The recording studio was known as, ‘Cosimo’, named
after the New Orleans record kingpin who owned it, Cosimo Mattasa. Dover discs were often mastered and plated by Nashville Matrix, noted by the script stamp logo in the dead wax, and
the number “86”, indicating a Dover based account, followed by a four digit number.
SJW – Wakefield Pressings – Phoenix

Recognisable from the “SJW” prefix on the label and dateable mastering numbers.
Ter-Mar Mastering – Chicago

Recognisable from the “TM” prefix on the label – based at the Chess label studios.
H.V. Waddell Co. – Burbank, Calif.

Featued a “W” stamped in the dead-wax. Closed in the mid-80’s.
Mercury Label Family
For the entire listing of release dates and/or mastering completion dates, may I suggest you buy the book called simply, “The Mercury Labels” published by Greenwood Press. It is a five
book series with volume three concentrating on lists, by master number, for every Mercury/Smash/Philips plus subsidiaries like Limelight, Blue Rock and so on, from the years 1964 through
to 1969.
Label Printing Companies
Bert-Co Press.
Hollywood-based printing concern that provided label copy artwork for many West Coast labels and/or pressing plants from the 1950’s up to the ’70’s.
Co-Service Printing Co., Newark, N.J.
Provided label copy artwork for countless indie labels up to c. 1963; thereafter, printed paper labels exclusively for Bestway Products (and, by extension, their clients).
Keystone Printed Specialties, Inc., Scranton, PA.

Supplied most of the label copy artwork for Capitol’s Scranton plant right up to the early 1970’s, as well as for Specialty Records Corp. of Olyphant, PA (which pressed for Atlantic-Atco for
many years, and whose pressings were identified by a big ‘S’ with a small ‘R’ inside the top half of the letter, and a small ‘C’ inside the bottom half, which was backwards before 1972 and
forwards thereafter, stamped on the dead wax).
MacMurray Press, New York, N.Y.

Several RCA Custom clients from c.1955-65 had their label copy artwork handled by this concern.
Progressive Label Co., Brooklyn, N.Y.

Another firm that did label copy artwork jobs for many indie labels over the years. Clients included Roulette (1957-61), Diamond (of Johnny Thunder “Loop De Loop” fame), and ABC-Dunhill
(1969-71).
Queens Litho / Kaltman Press, Queens, N.Y.

Provided label copy artwork (and in many cases, label design) for countless East Coast-based independent labels from the late ’40’s to the late ’60’s (let me qualify that: Queens Litho’s
providing of label copy artwork ended in late 1968, though they handled packaging for the industry for many years thereafter).
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Independent Record Plants -inc. mastering, stamping and metal part manufacturing
Allentown Record Co. Inc. – Penn.

Featured “ARC” stamped in the dead-wax. Mainly albums.
Audio Matrix, Inc. – Bronx, New York

People would send their lacquers aka acetates to them and they would prepare the metal parts necessary to manufacture records, icluding masters, mothers and stampers. Their work
always had a machine stamped “Audio Matrix” in the deadwax more often than not almost unreadable as stampers wear leading to the depth of the actual stamp getting more shallow.
Allied Record Co. – Hollywood

Used injection moulding styrene and featured a hand-etched “X” followed by a four-digit number in the 1960’s – discs from the early-to-mid 1970’s used ‘K’.
ALCO – Los Angeles

ALCO was located on the north west corner of Santa Monica Blvd and El Centro in Hollywood, almost diagonally across from Gold Star, located almost on the south east corner of Santa
Monica and Vine. Primarily a record pressing plant with 24 manual presses for vinyl. A delta sign in the dead wax does not always lead to Monarch, as other mastering/metalwork producers
shared the delta system -i.e. ALCO did the metalwork for Doré, but AFM Engineering (vinyl), an associated company, did the pressing. Sometimes, as in the case of Monarch, a company
did both. Alco mastered discs have a machine stamped logo with stylised “A, L and C all within a circle”.
A delta number also does not necessarily mean that a record was pressed on the West Coast – ALCO did their mastering from West Coast studio lacquers (e.g. Gold Star, Capitol, Western
Recorders & Radio Recorders) and produced the metalwork for the pressing houses – these could be sent to both West Coast (AFM Engineering) and East Coast (Long Island Stamper Co.
in Long Island, NY), who in turn produced stampers for pressing houses in the New York and Philadelphia areas.
American Record Pressing Co. – Michigan

Based in Owosso in Michigan , their presses had the infamous “ARP” initials stamped in italics. Closed in ’72 due to fire.
Artisan Sound Recorders – Pasadena, LA.

A mastering service started during the mid-60’s – their machine stamp is a capital “A” with two circles eminating from the top: It sometimes appears as an oval with what appears to be two
drumsticks sticking in it.
Audio Manufacturing Record Co. – Lakewood, NJ.

Pressed records for their own children’s labels, but also for London Records, Bell Records (later becoming Arista Records and Time Life). The plant opened in ’68 and closed in ’89.
Bell Sound – New York

A fairly large operation operating out of 237 W 54th Street, NYC, that stamped in “Bell Sound” in an italic script on many independent records.
Bestway Products – Mountainside, N.J.

A pioneer in the making of styrene records, they pressed for such labels as Bell, Yew, Scepter, Dimension and Perception/Today. Some of their labels were printed directly on the record
itself (no paper label). Identified either by a stamped “B” or semi-scripted “Bestway” on the wax.
Cook Labs – Stamford, Connecticut

Look for a “CO” on the label, followed by a three or four digit number.
Criteria – Miami
Criteria was probably Miami’s busiest studio, and all kinds of music was recorded and mastered there, including garage, soul, funk, lots of Latin music and all kinds of easy listening and
lounge sounds. Jack Davis was their chief engineer and did most of the mastering there through ’69…finding a scratched in “JD” (with the two letters joing on a single upright line) in the
dead wax indicates his work. During ’69 the “JD” symbol was replaced with different initials — usually “CTW” (Charles T. Wright) or “ME” (studio owner Mack Emmerman). Fortunately the
numerical code stayed consistent, so records mastered at Criteria can still be dated using the code.
Houston Recorders – Houston

Recognisable from the “LH” prefix on the label.
Long Wear Stamper Company – New York City
An “LW” followed by a number found on the label, or if absent, always in the deadwax (etched)…still active today.
M.S.I. Co, – Philadelphia

This company is infamous for the raised machine-stamp matrix with the backwards “M.S.I.CO” under the label…it is the one found on Sandbag Records for the Epitome Of Sound’s classic,
‘You Don’t Love Me’.
Midwest Record Pressing Inc. – Chicago

A “MW” followed by a three or four digit number sometimes on the label, always in etched in the deadwax.
Matrix Of Nashville – Nashville

Based at 457 Chestnut Street, next door to Southern Plasctics (later URP) at #453. this company made metal parts for the local pressing plants – their work bears the stamped in italic,
“Nashville Matrix” wording, sometimes confused as saying “Nashville Mains”, due to a worn out stamper.
Nashville Record Productions Inc. – Nashville

The largest of the Nashville based mastering services, their client base included many famous labels: Motown (10), Hit (15), SSS (113), Monument (125), Paula (127), Dover (86), SO (5),
PRP (161) SON (18) and small independant Detroit labels often had either 77 or 95. They used Matrix of Nashville stampers, so the “Nashville Matrix” stamp is also to be found in the
deadwax.
Kaybank – Minneapolis
Found hand-etched in the dead wax; almost always printed on the very bottom half of the label, this prolific plant located in Minneapolis, MN pressed many upper mid-west 45’s, and a large
amount of 45’s recorded in the Carolinas. Starting in December, 1964, Kaybank began prefixing their numeric code with the number pertaining to the calendar year pressed (4=1964,
5=1965, etc.). Sight reading this number will yield the release year, but compare the remaining four digit # to approximate the month. Below is Mike Markesich’s original grid which he has
pieced together recently and I thank him for allowing me to share it with you…well done Mike, and keep up the good work!o add text.
US Pressing Plants
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List #4
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Rare VINYL record companies and labels
These pages of the Vinyl Records lists Rare Record labels and albums released on these labels.
Gramophone (Vinyl) Recording Music Labels Producers
Aaarrg AAARRG Record is a German record label found by Ralf Hubert aka Björn Eklund. Aaarrg was a division of Major Records Internationa, this page as detailed discography
information
Accord Accord Records was probable a French sub-label of Noise International and released album of the Swiss Thrash metal band: Celtic Frost
Alegria Records Alegria records produced artists like: Las Chicas de Nueva York
Alfa Alfa Records was a Japanese recorded label producing bands like: Casiopea
All The Manmen All the Madmen Records was a record label started by The Mob in Yeovil, England before relocating to London. Profits from the band’s “Let The Tribe Increase” LP were
ploughed back into the label, which was then co-organised by members of the collective which published the “Kill Your Pet Puppy” zine.
Amos Amos, Basel in Switzerland. Lionel Hampton
APV APV Records owned by August Villiger was a Swiss record company who produced some rare records of Andreas Vollenweider
AREITO EGREM (Empresa de Grabaciones y Ediciones Musicales; Spanish for Enterprise of Recordings and Musical Editions) is the oldest Cuban record company. It comprises the
EGREM label (as well as some sublabels), and the recording studio Estudio EGREM, and is located in Havana. It was founded in 1964 following the Cuban Revolution. It also become
known as Areito as the 1960s started to come to a close.[1]
ATCO
These are some of the manufacturing plant codes used by the ATCO and can be helpful to determine the origin of records
The codes are:

AR = Allied Records, Los Angeles, CA
CP = Columbia Record Productions, Pitman, NJ CT = Columbia Record Productions, Terre Haute, IN LY = Shelly Products, Huntington Station, NY MO = Monarch Records, Los Angeles,
CA PL = Plastic Products, Memphis, TN PR = Presswell Records, Ancora, NJ RI = Philips Recording Corp. (formerly Richmond Record Pressing and Mercury Record Manufacturing
Company), Richmond, IN SP = Specialty Records, Olyphant, PA
Atlantic Records
In Europe the Atlantic records were manufactured by WEA GMBH. European manufactured Atlantic records can be recognized by the reference to WEA on the label or album cover. Export
(or Import) releases typically have NO reference to WEA
In France Atlantic records from the 70s were released with Red/Pink label color
Atom H-Records Atom H-Records was a German record label, specializing in Thrash Metal and releasing records for bands like: Accuser, Protector.
Axe Killer Records Axe Killer Records was a French record label which produced records of the the Heavy Thrash Metal band: Axe Attack Dark Angel , Jack Starr
Baby Records Baby Records: Mixage, Virgin Prunes
Bacilus Records Bacilus records was a sub-label of Bellaphon records. Bacilus released several Krautrock and European progressive rock bands like: Omega and Nektar . In the late 90s
Bacilus was still producing vinyl records, bands include eg: Zar
Band of Joy Band of Joy released many BBC Radio recordings on vinyl. These include bands like: Chicken Shack
Banzai Records Banzai Records was a mid-80s Canadian record company focused on Death and Thrash Metal records. The complete discography of Banzai is available here
Barking Pumpkin Records Barking Pumpkin Records was a record label by Frank Zappa
BB Records Swiss record label located in Luzern, CH. B.B. Records produced albums from Carmen and Thompson
Beer Bong Records Beer Bong Records was a rare Swiss record label, this page has detailed discography information
Bearsville Records The Bearsville records released albums from bands like LIAR
Bernett Records Bernett Records is a French record company and released albums for heavy metal bands like Venom
Big Beat Records Big Beat Records is a British record label and import distributor owned by Ace Records, specialising in garage rock and punk, like “The Cramps”
Big Mouth Records Big Mouth Records was a German/Swiss record company who produced Betty Legler, Ping-Pong amongst others
Black Dragon Records Black Dragons produced records for Thrash and Speed Metal bands like: Anthem (Nippon) , CJSS , D.C. Lacroix , Ded Engine, Liege Lord , Mace , Manilla Road ,
Savage Grace.
Black Dragon Records, 31 Rue De Constaninople, 75008 Paris, France, Distribution New Rose Records
See also: High Dragon Records
Black Lion Records Black Lion Records re-issues original mono records by Louis Armstrong . Black Lion records was distributed in France by “New Rose Records”
Bonebreaker Bonebreaker was a German record label during the 80s which released only a couple of albums, some of them include bands like: Chainsaw, Invader , Overdose
Brain Records
Brain Records was a German record label, which released many Krautrock bands like Jane, Gorilla , Klaus Schulze. Brain was formed by two formed by two ex-Ohr employees. The green
Brains are partly to interest of collectors because of some great Krautrock presented on this label. The first release dates back to 1972. The Green label was replaced by a multicolour
design in 1975.
The original 1st issues of the releases up to 1056 have the word “metronome” under the logo. The later series are a bit brighter coloured and do not have “metronome”. With this design
some of the first series are reissued. Most of the releases have gatefold sleeves.
Brain also produced some Germany Heavy/Speed Metal bands like: Accept
See also the Metronome record label

Bronze Records Bronze records was founded by the former Vertigo: Gerry Bron. Bronze released and produced albums by bands like: Manfred Mann’s Earth Band, Uriah Heep, Tempest,
Osibisa, Motorhead, Hawkind,
Camel Records Camel Records was most likely a German record labels and released albums in the eighties for bands like: Sacrifice
Cargo Records Record label from San Francisco, recording bands like Headfirst
Caroline Records Caroline Records was an American record company which distributed the album “Surfin Mod”
Carrere Carrere Records was a French record label specialized in Euro Disco, but also released some heavy metal bands in France in particular the NWOBHM band: Saxon One of the
most succesful performers on the Carrere label was Sheila B. Devotion
Catfish Catfish released record of the Krautrock band: Sweet Smoke
Celluloid Celluloid was a French record label which albums for the Cameroonian Jazz artist: Manu Dibangu
Century Media Records Century Media Records was a German record label producing death metal records for bands like Morgoth
Charisma Records Genesis
Charly Records Charly Records was founded in France in 1974. Jean-Luc Young and, moved operations to England in 1975, Charly Records (like Rhino Records) is mainy known for it’s re-
issues.
CHRYSALIS Chrysalis used green labels through the late 70s . The blue Chrysalis label emerged around the mid-late 70s
Celluloid Celluloid was probable a French record label which amongst Jamaica: Reggae, Dub also produced Metal records by Trust
Century Media Records Century Media Records was a very small record label managed by Robert Kampf, lead singer of the Techno Thrash metal : Despair band
Clay Records Clay records was a French or UK record label distributed by Pinnacle. Clay produced bands like: Demon
CMP (Contemp)Records CMP Records was a Germany record label which released Jeremy Steig’s album: Lend me your Ears
Cobra Records Canadian record label focused on Death Metal with bands like: Agent Steel, Death and Deathrow , Living Death , Running Wild
Coda Records Coda records was from the UK and published bands like Jazz Sluts and John Themis
Colomba Records Colomba records was a Swiss Record label located in Zurich which distributed albums of Andreas Vollenweier
Columbia Records
Columbia records was the “Columbia” label used for production and distribution of records in the USA.
Outside the USA the records were distributed under the CBS logo.
In 1955, Columbia introduced the “6 eye” label. There are six camera/eye logos on the label, and the “LP” logo is at the bottom. This label continued on all (mono) pressings until 1962.
In 1958, stereo was introduced, and so a stereo version of the “6 eye” label was created. The prefix for standard stereo LP’s was CS.
The 6 eye were arranged in sets of three opposite each other, along the outer edge of the label, at “3 o’clock” and “9 o’clock” as it were. The logos look like LP discs that have been
squashed into ovals with two sick figure feet coming out of the bottom. These logos are referred to as “eyes” because they sort of resemble eyes. The “pop” records were red white and
black. When browsing LP’s for sale, a record collector who sees an item listed as a “6-eye” naturally assumes that this record was made in the 1950’s or early 1960’s. These records
typically have a catalog number consisting of two letters followed by four numbers
In 1962, Columbia switched to the “2 eye” label, which lasted in one form or another until 1970. The first variety (1962-1963) featured the words “Guaranteed High Fidelity” at the bottom for
mono LP’s and “360 Sound” twice around the word “STEREO” at the bottom for stereo LP’s.
In Fall, 1963, arrows were added to the stereo logo.
In 1963, the print on both mono and stereo copies — for mainstream and Masterworks albums — was changed to white, which contrasted better with the red (or gray) label.
From the late ’60’s or early 1970’s on, Columbia returned to a form of 6-eye style. This time the logos or eyes were repeated in a circle around the outside of the label (sometimes known as
“ringarounds”), and in between each eye the word “Columbia” appeared. For pop records the background was red and the writing was also yellow (typically, though sometimes it was white
or black). Most of these records have catalog numbers that consisted of a letter code followed by five numbers (eg: JC 35709)
Combat Records Combat Records was an independent record label out of New York, which was home to some punk rock and heavy metal acts including Deathrow, Kreator, Megadeth
Conquer the World Records
Conquer The World Records (often abbreviated to CTW) was a record label founded by Mike Warden in Detroit, Michigan. through out the years many of the bands that were signed to the
label have gone on to complain about the label repressing the releases and withholding profits, however most have been due to conflicts resulting in assumptions. Many of the releases
have been re-released on other labels and could be the reason for starting the rumors of reprints.
The first part of CTW’s catalog consists of hardcore and emo releases, while the second are mostly compilations and audio books.
Conquer The World CTW 004
BLINDFOLD Restrain the Thought
BLINDFOLD Restrain the Thought
Blindfold is a Hardcore band from Belgium. They were highly active in the underground hardcore scene around Kortrijk in the mid to late nineties (H-8000 scene). They played a blend of
hardcore and emo with smart political and personal lyrics and lived a drug free lifestyle. Thus their music was aptly self-proclaimed Sober Mind Meditation . They toured Europe a few times,
most notably being the tour with Congress and Liar called Steel Against Steel.
Crammed Discs
Crammed Discs is an independent record label whose output blends world music, rock, pop, and electronica. Based in Brussels, Belgium, Crammed was founded in 1980 by Marc Hollander
of Aksak Maboul and has since released over 280 albums and 250 singles, working with artists from all over the world (from the Balkans to North and Central Africa, from South America to
the Middle East as well as the more regular musical pastures of the US and Europe). Crammed Discs is run by Marc Hollander (A&R) with Hanna Gorjaczkowska (marketing, distribution &
art direction) and Vincent Kenis (producer, director of the Congotronics Series).
Marc Hollander and Crammed Discs received the WOMEX award in 2004 at the World Music Expo international music trade fair, for being “one of the seminal players on the world music
field.” Crammed Discs won the WOMEX Top Label Award in 2007 and 2009.
Crammed Discs’ latest signings include Chicago band Allá, folk-pop-cabaret act Lonely Drifter Karen (from Vienna and Barcelona), London-based Moroccan electronic artist U-cef,
Congolese band Staff Benda Bilili, musician/composer/producer Mocky and US bands Akron/Family and Megafaun, which are handled by Crammed in Europe.
Crammed Discs CRAM 035
KARL BISCUIT Regrets Eternels
Crammed Discs CRAM 055
MINIMAL COMPACT – The Figure One Cuts
Cream Records Cream Records was a Canadian record label which produced eg: UZEB
Criminal Response Records Criminal Response Records was a British record label producing bands like Cobra
Crusaders Records Crusaders records released an audiophile half speed LP of B.B. King Live in London
CRYPT Records Crypt was a Record label in the late 80s, early 90s which produced punk bands like the Devil Dogs.
Decomposed Records Punk and Speed Metal record label
Devil’s Records
Devil’s Records produced records for French Speed and Thrash Metal bands like: ADX
MAD 2001 HIGH POWER
MAD 2002
ATTENTAT ROCK – Le Gang des Saigneurs

MAD 2003 SORTILEGE – Metamorphose
MAD 2004 VULCAIN – Rock and Roll Secours
MAD 2007 VOODOO CHILD – Adrenaline
MAD 2008
KILLERS – Fils de la Haine
MAD 2009
ADX – Execution
MAD 2010 VULCAIN – La Dame de Fer
MAD 2013 French Compil – H.M.P.
MAD 2014 MORSURE – Acceleration
MAD 2015 VOIE DE FAIT – Ange Ou Demon
MAD 2017
V/A – Bonjour L’Enfer
Devil’s Game Records Devils Game was a division of SPV Gmbh and recorded albums for the German Thrash Metal Band: Sodom. Actually the first album of Devil’s Game with catalog no
DG 001 was Sodom’s In The Sign of Evil
Dino Music Dino Music released a double LP compilation album with the best of European Hard Rock / Heavy Metal called: The Power Metal Hammer
Discreet Records Discreet Records was a sub-label of Warner Bros and released (amongst others) albums by Frank Zappa
Discos Fuentes Discos Fuentes was a Columbian record label which produced records for artsts like: Rodolfo con los Hispanolos
Disques Dreyfus Disques Dreyfus was the record label on which the first original Jean-Michel Jarre records have been released
Do Not Disturb Records “Do Not Disturb Records” was a small Swiss record label, distributed by the Swiss record company COD Records, Cham, Suisse. One of the bands released on this
label was B4 Nothing
Duck Records Duck Records was a sub-label of Warner Bros Records. Albums released on this label include: Eric Clapton – Money and Cigarettes
Dream Records Dream Records was probable a French record company, which released records for bands like : Excess
Durium Durium Records was a Italian record label (Durium-Fremus Ediz Music) which produced Metal records for bands like: Vanadium
Earthshaker Records
Earthshaker records was a German label formed by renowned Metal-scenester Axel Thubeauville. He also co-founded Aaarrg Records with Ralf Hubert and later formed his own Shark
Records. Various old Earthshaker releases are now being re-released by Alex’ new label Rusty Diamond.
Bands released on the Earthshaker records label include: Carrie. Steeler , Living Death, Steeltower, Atlain, Fact,
Ebony
Ebony was a British record label which produced records for heavy metal bands like: Blade Runner, Fast Kutz , Grim Reaper
EBON 8
Metal Maniaxe
Ebon 20
STERLING COOKE FORCE – Full Force

EBON 21
BLADE RUNNER – Hunted
EBON 24
SAMURAI – Sacred Blade

EBON 30
NIGHTMARE – Power of the Universe
EBON 32
GRIM REAPER – Fear No Evil
EBON 34
RANKELSON – Hungry for Blood

RANKELSON – Hungry for Blood
EBON 44
FAST KUTZ – Burning
Editions EG Editions EG released the album Primitive Guitars by Phil Manzanera

Edsel Records Edsel was an American record company releasing records by Captain Beefheart
Elektra / Asylum
These are some of the manufacturing plant codes used by the Elektra / Asylum and can be helpful to determine the origin of records
CSM = Columbia Record Productions, Santa Maria, CA CTH = Columbia Record Productions, Terre Haute, IN PRC = Philips Recording Corp., Richmond, IN PRC-W = Philips Recording
Corp., Compton, CA … the “W” presumably indicates West
Full details on Elektra “Master” Discography

Elite Special Pee Wee Hunter and his Blues Brass Band
Embassy Records Embassy Records was a budget label owned by CBS and released albums by bands like: Titanic
Enigma Records Enigma Records was a record company who produced records for Thrash Metal bands like: Death Angel and TSOL True Sounds of Liberty
Erdenklang Erdenklang was a German record label which produced German New Age bands like: Kristian Schultze
Europa Records Record label by Miller International Schallplatten GMBH Germany
Evasion Disques
Evasion Disques was a French record label which released on folk/folklore music from Latin America and Swiss Talents
Evasion Disques EP E 10’006 ALAIN BURNAND – EQUIPE CROIX DE CAMARGUE
Evasion Disques LP E 110 LOS JAIRAS SELF-TITLED BOLIVIA FOLK LP CHARANGO QUENA
Fania Fania was a New York based record company, producing many Latin music genres in particular: Celia Cruz, Johnny Pacheco, Hector Lavoe, Ismael Miranda and of course: Fania All
Stars
Food for Thought Records Limited Food for Thought produced Jazz Rock performers like Joe Satriani
Frontrow Frontrow as a small German record label producing albums for Germanic Thrash metal bands like: Drifter
GARAGE Records Garage Records was a French record label which produced records for bands like: “Jed Wio”.
GNP Crescendo Records A German Record label distributing John Mayall records
Good Life Recordings
Good Life Recordings is a record label based in Belgium. It was founded in 1996 by Edward Verhaeghe who had been the lead vocalist in Nations On Fire. The label specializes in metal
metalcore/hardcore bands. It has released many highly significant bands of the second and third wave of hardcore, as well as the majority of the signed bands that are part of H8000.
Good Life Recordings GL 030
CULTURE Born of You
CULTURE Born of You
Good Life Recordings ED026 / Kortrijk, Belgium
SPIRIT OF YOUTH Colors That Bleed
SPIRIT OF YOUTH Colors That Bleed
Good Vibrations
Good Vibrations is a Belfast record label and store. Founded by Terri Hooley in the early 1970’s, Good Vibrations started out in a small derelict building on Great Victoria Street, Belfast. It is
now located on Winetavern Street, Belfast. Hooley’s main objective in starting the company was to introduce punk bands from Northern Ireland to the rest of the United Kingdom, as he did
not believe Northern groups were given enough attention. The label’s first recording was for a local band called Rudi, a single called “Big Time”. Hooley would later sign groups such as
Victim, The Moondogs, The Shapes, Protex, The Outcasts, and The Undertones. Although the Undertones were to become the most famous of all these bands.
Good Vibrations hosted the first ever International Festival of Punk and New Wave at the Belfast Royal Ulster Hall over two nights in 1980 featuring almost the entire roster of the label’s
bands and other punk acts such as The Saints. Many listeners were brought to Belfast by the Good Vibrations DIY independence and Hooley’s persistent determination and desire to see
local music recognised nationally. Despite growing popularity, though, Good Vibrations filed bankruptcy in 1982, just as the first wave of British punk had officially died. Bands that had gone
to London, such as Protex and Rudi, went back to Hooley – and Belfast. Hooley’s friends later got him a shop called Vintage Records, Co. just around the corner from Good Vibrations.
Great Jones Great Jones was an American record label, which produced albums for bands like: The Dragsters
Greensleeves South African Music, eg Homeland
GRP Records GRP Records is an American jazz record company that was founded in New York by Dave Grusin and Larry Rosen in 1982. After years of going though different distributors,
the label signed with MCA in 1987 which brought out the company three years later. For most of the 1990s, GRP was in charge of MCA’s (soon to be renamed Universal Music Group) jazz
operations. Founders Grusin and Rosen left in 1994. Records released by GRP included performers like: David Benoit , Special Efx, Tom Scott .
GRUNT Records
Grunt mainly released records of “Jefferson Airplane” as well as all incarnations of Jefferson Airplane, like: Jefferson Airplane , Jefferson Starship and Starship
A complete overview of can be found here: “The Grunt Album Discography”
GWR Records GWR Records was specialized in Thrash metal bands and released albums by bands like: Sacrilege B.C.
Hallelujah Records One of the bands released on the Hallelujah Record label was the Swiss Psych/Acid Krautrock band: Brainticket The Swiss Hallelujah label also released some records
by the Swiss bands: “Toad”, “Matterhorn Project”
Hallmark Records Hallmark records was a sub-label of Pickwick International and released albums of Jimi Hendrix and Curtis Knight
High Dragon Records High Dragon released the only record of the Cherry Bombz
HURT Records Hurt records waa a small record company producing hardcore punk crossover bands like Extreme Noise Terror (ENT)
Illegal Records Illegal Records produced mainly Speed and Thrash metal albums for bands like: The Lords of The New Church
Impact Records Impact records was a French record label which issues many budget and compilation disques of American and UK music. Some of these bands include: The Platters ,
Procol Harum
Intercord Intercord was a German record label which produced records for artists like: Herbert Grönemeyer
Interscope Records Interscope records was a division of Atlantic / East West records and released vinyl records (even in the CD epoch) in the mid-90s, one of their bands was : Bush
ISLAND Records
Island Records was formed to market and distribute Jamaican records in Britain. In the mid-60’s Island began to expand with a handful of (white) British artists. By 1967 Island was at the
centre of the progressive rock movement….
The ILP mono series:

The numbering is similar for the same music (ILP 962 is the mono release and ILPS 9062 is the stereo release). Note that some albums are remixed for their stereo release.
1967-1969
The first pink label:
Solid pink label with a coloured eye at the left side (at 9’o clock) and the word island written at the bottom half in an open lettering type
This design was in use from late 1967 until mid-1969. This design featured the word “island” in large, lower-case lettering along the bottom of the label with a distinctive orange and black
circular logo (eye) dotting the ‘i’.
1967-1969
The second pink label:
Solid pink label with a black eye over the record’s center hole and Island at the bottom of the label. Making the eye and the ilsland look like a large I
This design was used from september 1969 until end 1969. The design is also known as the “black block” label. This design used the circular logo as on the first label, only now in black,
dotting a large black ‘i’, with island written in it. The logo covered the
spindle hole.
1969-1970
The third pink label:
Solid pink label with a large I at 6 o’clock

This design was in use from end 1969 and throughout 1970. The design featured a large, lower-case white ‘i’ beneath the spindle hole
1971-1975
The Palm Tree label:
White cloudy background, with blue sky and yellow sun rays and island with one tree on the left at the botton of the label, pink rim
This design was introduced in late 1970 and lasted for 5 years. It became known as the “white-based palm tree”, the “pink rim” or the “sun-ray” design.
1975-1982 Orange background, a tree on the left, blue rim
1980-1986 Solid blue label with an I and small yellow sun, just below the center holw
1984-1986 White background , top of a palmtree at 10 o’clock, yellow-green-blue-red rim
Jet Records Jet Records produced bands like the Electric Light Orchestra
Jive Records Jive Records produced several record of the German Krautrock / New Age Band: Tangerine Dream
Joker Records Italian record company which released amongst others records from Bob Dylan
Killwatt Killwatt was a record label from Great Britain which produced albums for NWOBHM bands lik: Angel Witch
KNSE International
KNSE is a Swiss record label, one of the records released by KNSE was: KONX Demos
KNSE has published (amongst others) the following vinyl records: KONX “Demos” , KONX “It’s A Gun” , Markus Stauss Quartett “Neulich im Studio”, Ueberfall “…in alle Ewigkeit”, Ueberfall
“Neuschnee”, Trio Infernal “Zwischenspiel”, The Cobblers “Sent Reeling”.
Kuckuck Records Kuckuck was a record label specialized in New Age music, releasing records for artists like: Deuter, Kitaro
LINK Records and Music Ltd LINK Records and Music Ltd was an English record label which (re-)issued Punk records of bands like: “The Exploited”
Lizard Records Lizard Records was a French Record label, which produced records of Speed Metal bands like: Blaspheme
LOGO LOGO was a UK record label producing new wave bands like: Vardis, The Tourists with Ann Lennox)
Loony Tunes Records Loony Tunes was a record label based in Scarborough, England, producing low-budget Punk music records for bands like: Active Minds
L+R Records Record label based in Germany
Manhattan Manhattan records was a division of Capitol records and released records by Robbie Nevil
Manticore Manticore is a sub-label of Ariola and released records Emerson Lake & Palmer particularly in Germany
Mausoleum
Mausoleom was a Belgium Heavy Metal Record label which released records by bands like: Bloody Six , : Tyrant and Warhead
FIST 8311 NITRO – Lethal + II
SKULL 8318 KEY WEST – First Invasion
SKULL 8320 KILLER – Shock Waves
SKULL 8324 MAGGIE’S MADNESS – On Fire
SKULL 8325 WARLOCK – Burning the Witches
SKULL 8334 AXE VICTIMS – Another Victim
SKULL 8338 WILDFIRE – Summer Lightning
SKUL 8341 STEELTOWER – Night of the Dog
SKULL 8347 OBUS – El Que Mas
SKULL 8348 BLACKLACE – Unlaced
SKULL 8352 FISC Tracker
SKULL 8355 FN GUNS – Nightmare
FIST 8357 WARHEAD Speedway
SKULL 8360 Vanadium – Metal Rock
SKULL 8365 ATLAIN – Living in the Dark
SKULL 8366 TYRANT Mean Machine
SKULL 8380 BLACKLACE – Get It While It’s Hote
SKULL 8390 BLOODY SIX In The Name Of Blood
SKULL 83107 FISC Break Out
Megaforce Worldwide Megaforce Worldwide was a record label which focused mainly on Heavy and Thrash Metal bands like: Anthrax , Overkill
Melodiya Melodiya was a Russian record label which mainly released classical music, but also records from Alla Pugacheva together with Udo Lindenberg
Memory Records Memory Records (a division of CBS records was a German record company who released the Starsound Collection album series, which half speed mastered recordings,
from artists like Santana, Mike Batt, etc.
Metal Blade Records Metal Blade Records was a sub-label of Roadrunner Records, and produced thrash metal bands including: D.R.I., Hallow’s Eve, Sacred Reich, Slayer. For a complete
list of all LP albums released on Metal Blade Records, see the Roadrunner webpage
Metal Masters Started out as Rock Machine but created the sublabel “Metal Masters” after their first release, was an OMEGA LP, bands released on the “Metal Masters” record label
include: Accept , Cities, Diamond Hear , Mirage ,Samson , Scorpions, Vardis , etc
Metronome Records
Metronome Records was a German record label, which released many Krautrock bands like Jane but also pop bands like Phil Carmen , Gianni Nannini
See also the Brain record label

MFP Music For Pleasure
Miller International Schallplatten GMBH Parent company of the record labels: Europa Records and Sonic Records
Mirage Records Mirage was a US based record company which recorded albums with performers like: Gary Moore
Mountain Records Mountain Records was a record company in Great Britain which produced albums of the Canadian Prog Rock band: Nazareth
MR. Pickwick Record Budget compilation records
Music for Nations
“Music for Nations” 1983-2004 was a UK based record company who produced Thrash Metal bands like: Anthrax, Dearly Beheaded , Exodus, Metallica
See the complete Music for Nations page, for all records released by this company.
Music Minus One “Music Minus One” (commonly abbreviated as MMO) is today a company that produces sheet music that comes with compact discs where the work is recorded without
the soloist part (eg. Rachmaninoff’s third piano concerto without piano).
Musidisc Musidisc was a French budget record label producing compilation album of Ike & Tina Turner, Les Champions.
Musikant Musikant was a German record label which produced records for the German rock band: BAP
Musk Musk was a Swiss record label releasing and producing for Sephira Music
Mute Records
Mute Records is record label formed in 1978 by Daniel Miller primarily to release his own single, “T.V.O.D.”/”Warm Leatherette”, under the moniker The Normal.
Mute Records made a name for itself as the label that was willing to sign post-punk artists like Fad Gadget (Frank Tovey’s pseudonym), Einstürzende Neubauten, Throbbing Gristle, and
Cabaret Voltaire. Once electronic music hit the British charts from 1981 onwards, Mute signed artists like Depeche Mode, Nitzer Ebb, and Erasure that utilised new technology which would
eventually redefine the sound of the dancefloor in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
NEAT Records A UK based Thrash Metal and NWOBHMrecord label, which produced bands like Avenger, Atomkraft, Warfare The complete discography of all Neat records is on Neat
Discography page.
NEON NEON was aublabel of RCA from the seventies that made a (rather futile) attempt to link the British branch of this company to ”progressive” music. It was modelled on the likes of
Harvest (EMI), Vertigo (Phonogram) and Dawn (Pye). To achieve an aura of ”class”, the logo was adorned with Botticelli and the discs were protected by a jet-black inner sleeve. There have
been only 11 albums and 4 singles released in the UK, before the label folded. These do, however, include a wide array of styles (jazz, folk, hard-rock, prog-rock), and are all
N.E.W Musidisc N.E.W Musidisc was a French record company which released albums of Black/Death/Thrash Metal bands like: ACE , Exodus , Venom
New Renaissance Records
A Hardcore Thrash Metal Records Label started in 1985 with bands like Post Mortem and Wehrmacht (1987)
New Renaissance Records NRR LP Catalogue

NRR11
Post Mortem – Coroners Office
NRR16
Blood Feast – Kill for Pleasure
NRR50
Wehrmacht – Biermacht
New Rose Records Distributed by or for Black Dragon Records

No Future No Future is/was a record company located in the United Kingdom mainly focused on releasing Punk records, for bands like: Attak
Noise International
Noise International as a division of Modern Musik. Noise International produced mainly German Metal bands and included Helloween, Tankard
The complete catalog of Noise Records is here
No Remorse Records No Remorse Records was probably a German record label producing albums for bands like: Lawdy . The complete catalog with all the records of No Remorse
Records is Here
Nuclear Blast Records
Nuclear Blast Records was a record label distributed by SPV and produced mainly Death Metal and Death Core bands, like Deathcore.
Complete record catalog of Nuclear Blast Records

Off Course Records Off Course Records was a Swiss record label which released one or more records of the Swiss performer: Stephan Eicher
Out of Time Records Swiss record label based in Zurich which produced Swiss Thrash Metal bands like Apocalypse
Oyster Records Oyster Records was a UK record label which released records from bands like: Ritchie Blackmore’s Rainbow
Paisley Park Records Paisley Park Records released records of the American multi-talented performer: Prince
Passport Jazz Passport Jazz records released albums of “The Rippingtons”
PAX Records Pax records was a record label in the early 80s producing punk bands like: The Exploited
Pepita Records Pepita Records was a Hungarian record label (state-owned) which produced records of the Hungarian prog rock band: Omega
Pickwick Records Pickwick was a budget record label which produced many compilation, “Best of”, “Greatest Hits” albums of bands like: Procol Harum, etc. See also: Hallmark Records 0
Polystar Polystar was a budget record label, which re-issued compilation albums of bands like Status Quo
QWEST Records The Winans
Radarscope Radarscopre records Ltd was a small record company which released records for the New Wave band: Bram Tchaikovsky
RAK Records Amongst others RAK records released albums of the Australian Band Smokie, the UK band “Hot Chocolate”
Raw Power Part of the Castle Communications LTD group and released Krautrock records by Amon Duul
Reader’s Digest The famous book company “Reader’s Digest” also produced some LP’s, which includes records from Jacques Brel and George Brassens
Relativity Relativity was a division of Roadrunner records and released bands like: COC Corrosion of Confirmity
Reprise Reprise Records
R/R9 6001-6199 Duotone colour label (pink/yellow) 1961-1966
R/RS 6200-6399 Duotone colour label (dark red/light red) 1966-1970
R/RS 6400-6484 Single colour label (orange/red) 1970-1973
R/R9 2000-2199 (Duotone colour label) 1961-1974
Restless Restless records was a sub-label of Roadrunner records, see the complete Roadrunner records discography for details
RRE “Red Rhino Europe” is a subsidiary of “Play It Again Sam Records” and released many of the Front 242 albums in Europe
Rialto Rialto records produced British New Wave Bands like: The Korgis
Roadracer Records A division of SPV which released Metal records by the band: Atrophy. a
Roadrunner Records Released many hardcore punk crossover thrash records from band like Acrophet, Atrophy, Metallica, Sacrifice, Sepultura, Razor, etc. The complete catalog of
Roadrunner LP’s is available on this Roadrunner LP collector’s page
Rockin’ Horse records The first album released on Rockin’ Horse records was Latin Quarter’s Modem Times with catalog no RHLP1
Rough Justice Rough Justice released records of the Canadian metal band: Dead Brain Cells (DBC) and hardcore punk bands like: The Exploited , G.B.H
Rough Trade Music
Roulette Tommy James and the Shondells
SAR SAR Records was a record company founded by soul music legend Sam Cooke in 1959.
Scratch records Scratch Records was a German company which produced heavy metal albums of bands like: Battlezone , Gravestone , Killer , Stormwitch , “Tokyo Blade” ,
SEX SEX Singles, EP’s & eXhits was a division of the Canadian Somersault Records and released re-issues of 70s and 80s Disco hits as 12″ Maxi-singles. Amongs others it included Tina
Charles
Shark Records Shark records was a German record company and a sub-label of the “US Metal Records”. Shark records released records of the Thrash Metal Band: Sepultura
Sheffield Records Sheffield Records was a company specialized in producing audiophile recordings using a recording direct to master-disc technology, artists included Lincoln Mayorca
Shelter Recording Company Shelter Recording Company was a sub-label of Ariola and released records from artists such as: J.J. Cale
Sire Sire records released records of Madonna, Curtis Mayfield, Jerry Butler
Snanachie Records Ladysmith Black Mamabazo
Sonic Record label by Miller International Schallplatten GMBH Germany
Sonopresse Sonopresse was a French Record label, which amongst other released album of Kate Bush
Sonotone Sonotone was a record company based in Florida, USA. Sonotone produced records for latin music, including bands like “Las Chicas Del Can”
Sound of New York The “Sound of New York” was a record label which produced “Indeep”
Souplet Records Souplet was a French record label which released records of the progressive rock band: Titanic
Spaceward Records Spaceward was an underground record label releasing bootlegs of bands like Supertramp
Spoon Records Released most records of the German Krautrock band: CAN
SPV SPV is a German distributor of LP Record Labels like: Devil’s Game , Nuclear Blast, Noise International, Steamhammer
Starpoint Music Starpoint Music was a Swiss record label, located in Bern, Switzerland. Starpoint produced records for bands like: Rising Empire
Steam Hammer
Steamhammer (a division of SPV) released hardcore punk thrash metal music including Assassin, Destruction,Napalm
The complete Steam Hammer Record Catalogue is on this page

Stiff Records Stiff records produces many Punk , New Wave , and Ska bands including The Pogues , Madness , Ian Dury
Strand Strand records was German record company which released a series of “Rock In Deutschland” records
Supraphon Supraphon was a record label in Czechoslovakia
Swan Song Swan Song records was a sub-label of Atlantic Records and was mainly used to release records by Led Zeppelin
Schnoutz Records Schnoutz Records was a Swiss Music record label which produced albums for Swiss Bands like “Rock Zirkus”
Tales of Thrash Tales of Thrash records was a sub-division of Titan-schallplatten and part of the Bertesmann group
Teldec Teldec was a German record label based on a joint venture from Telefunken and Decca
Threshold Threshold records produced bands like Moody Blues
Thunderbird Records Thunderbird records released albums by: The Seven
TMOQ Trade Mark Of Quality (abbreviated TMOQ or TMQ) was a bootleg record label based in Los Angeles, California during the late 1960s and early 1970s. The label was responsible for
many underground records of Bob Dylan, Led Zeppelin, Jefferson Airplane, Devo, Grateful Dead, The Beatles, Frank Zappa, The Rolling Stones, The Who and many other popular rock
artists of the era.
Tico Tico – (1948-1974) Vintage Salsa recordings from Cuba, Tico was acquired by Fania, he complete list of releases on the TICO record labels and included the mega-stars of this period
and included: Mambo Kings, Tito Puente, Tito Rodriguez, and Machito. Tico’s last recording was made in 1981, and after that time, all Tico artists changed labels to the Fania, Vaya, Musica
Latina, International, Sonido, Cotique, and/or Barbaro labels, all of which were owned by Fania.
Too Hot Too Hot was a record label from TSR Mixers (1984-1985), Too Hot has released four albums with sexy covers: Raphael/Saylem, Le Foxxe, Sheryl Lee Ralph, Aleem
Total Experience Total Experience records released LP’s of the Heavy Metal band: Prophet
Toxic Shock Toxic Shock released mainly hardcore punk, crossover, thrash for bands like Corrosion of Conformity (C.O.C)
Track Record Track record was a sub-division of Polydor and was distributed in Switzerland by Barclay Suisse. Track record released records by Jimi Hendrix , The Who
Tricec Music Tritec Music was a 80s record label producing bands like: Duran Duran
TRL Records TRL was a division of SPV and released records of bands like LIAR
TSR Mixers TSR was a import record Pool from 1984.TSR means TrendSetteR on the dance music scene.It represented the Labels:Solar,T.T.E.D. and Too Hot.It provides to it’s members
monthly bulletins and newsletters,preview cassettes,promotional coppies (from USA,Italy,England and Benelux),easily access to Disconet-Hot tracks-Streetbeat-etc.There were two
membership ways:1.Import pool 2.Import Club.People doesn’t have to be a disc jockey to become a member.A lot of their records with TSR logo could be bought in a lot of record stores.
Tuff Gong Records Record Label founded by Bob Marley on Hope Road 56 Kingston 10. The Tuff Gong Studios exist in the Island House , were Bob and his family lived since the mid
seventies were ready for use since ca 1977 , where the Wailers recorded all Basic Trax for their albums , that got polished up later via Compass Point Studio and mastered in London for the
international market .
Underdog Records
Underdof Records was a label created in 1980 by Dominique Lablin and Marc Zermatt. The label was distributed by Carrere records from 1980 till 1986 and by Vogue and New Rose in
1986.
Some of the bands with records on the Underdog label. include Mitch Ryder , Whitesnake, The Sparks
Under One Flag
UK Company issuing thrash and death metal records.
Under One Flag Record Catalogue

Flag 1
Onslaught – The Force
FLAG 3
Possessed – Beyond the Gates
Flag 5
Nuclear Assault – Game Over
Flag 6
Dark Angel – Darkness Descends
Flag 8
Bathory – Self-titled
Flag 9
Bathory – The Return
Flag 10
Holy Terror – Terror and Submission
FLAG 11
BATHORY – Under the Sign of the Black Mark
Flag 12
Death – Scream Bloody Gore
M Flag 13
Nuclear Assault – The Plague
Flag 14
Death Angel – The Ultra-Violence
FLAG 15
SACRILEGE – Within the Prophecy
FLAG 19
AGONY – The First Defiance
MFLAG 20
ACID REIGN – Moshkinstein
FLAG 21
Nuclear Assault – Survive
M Flag 22
Hexx – Quest for Sanity (mini-LP)
Flag 24
Death – Leprosy
Flag 25
Holy Terror – Mind Wars
Flag 26 Bathory – Blood Fire Death
Flag 30
Dark Angel – Leave Scars
FLAG 35
Nuclear Assault – Handle with Care
Flag 36
Venom – Prime Evil
Flag 38
Death – Spiritual Healing
12Flag102
Nuclear Assault – Brain Death
US Metal Records U.S. Metal Records was an American record label, focusing on Heavy Metal and producing bands like: Maxx Warrior
Valentino Valentino was a record label distributed by Atlantic. Valentino produced bands like Reckless
VerABra Records veraBra was a German record company which released many New Age records, including album by the Swiss Harpist: Andreas Vollenweider
Verve Records Producers of excellent Jazz lp’s including artists like: Betty Carter
VIBRATON Records
Vibraton was probable a German record company producing budget albums with cheesy album covers.
Some of the albums released on Vibraton are

Peter Hepburn – All You Need is Love (Vibraton VB L 6017)
M. Opawsky “Die Ganze Welt is Himmelblau” Vibrato VB L 6020
“Let’s Have a Party” Vibraton VB L 6022
Crying People Vibraton VB L 6021
Beat and Sweet Vibraton VB L 6023
Viper Records Viper Records was probable a sub-label of Roadrunner records and produced Thrash Metal bands like Razor
We Bite Records
Produced of punk and metal records, in particular bands like Attitude, Ludichrist,
WB 036 – Erosion – Mortal Agony
WB 083 – Into Another
Wild Rags Records Heavy, Thrash Metal record label producing bands like Anialator, Bloodcum
Witchhunt Records Witchhunt records was a Swiss record label based in Zurich and specialized in Death, Grind and Thrash Metal
Wishbone Records Wishbone Records was an independent – Label based in Bochum . It was named after the British band Wishbone Ash . They published several Heavy Metal acts,
lncluding Tsunami on WBLP1
Workshop Records
Work Shop Records
FRANKLIN Go Kid Go
Franklin consists of four men who went to hell: B.Sokel, G.Giulano, R. Darden, R.Binion
WWA Records WWA Records released records from the English Heavy Metal band: Black Sabbath
YoMamas Records YoMamas was a US-based record company producing punk bands like: Xband
ZTT Records ZTT record label founded in 1983 by NME journalist Paul Morley, record producer Trevor Horn, producer/engineer Gary Langan and businesswoman Jill Sinclair. The majority
of the creative team at ZTT had first assembled when Horn produced the acclaimed album “The Lexicon of Love” for New Romantic band ABC. The label’s name was also printed as “Zang
Tumb Tuum” and “Zang Tuum Tumb” on various releases. Some of the bands produced and released by ZTT are: Propaganda
ZYX Records ZYX record was a German company releasing Disco music for bands like: Take Three , Vanadium
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List #5
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VINYL Record COLLECTOR’S GUIDE
This section contains the EMI Europe Country Codes for serious vinyl LP collector. In most cases the EMI Codes are the first two letters of the records catalog no: These EMI Country Code
were used to indicate the country in which the record was pressed
EMI Europe Country Codes 0C = UK
1A = Holland
1C = Germany
1J = Spain
2C = France
2E = Austria
2J = Greece
3C = Italy
3E = Switzerland
4C = Belgium
4E = Sweden
5C = Holland
5E = Finland
6C = Denmark
6E = Denmark
7C = Sweden
7E = Norway
8E = Portugal
9C = Finland
10C = Spain
11C = Portugal
12C = Austria
13C = Switzerland
14C = Greece
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List #6
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_number
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Matrix number
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the falling numbers effect in ‘The Matrix’ films, see Matrix digital rain. For other uses, see Matrix (disambiguation).
A matrix number
A matrix number is an alphanumeric code (and on occasion, other symbols) stamped or handwritten (or a combination of the two) into the run-out groove area of a gramophone record. This
is the non-grooved area between the end of the final band on a record’s side and the label, also known as the run-off groove area, end-groove area, matrix area, or “dead wax”.
Contents
1 Industry usage
2 Singles
3 78 rpm records
4 Albums
5 Compact discs
6 Importance to collectors
7 Hidden messages
8 References
9 External links
Industry usage
A matrix number is intended for the internal use of the record manufacturing plant, but they are also studied and documented by record collectors, as they can sometimes provide useful
information about the edition of the record.
There are two parts of the matrix number to be considered: the main number, which is usually printed on the label as well, and extra information which can include a cut or take number.
Matrix numbers can refer to any of these elements, or all of them combined. The inscription area may also contain record plant codes or logos, the initials or signature of the disc cutting
engineer, and cutting or copyright dates, among other things.
The matrix number printed on the label should not be confused with the catalogue number, which is usually in larger type, and will typically be the same number on both sides of the record.
Matrix numbers will be different on each side, and are sometimes printed upside down on the label to prevent them from being mistaken for the catalogue number.
The purpose of the main number is to assign a filing number to the stamper, and to ensure each side receives the proper label, by visually comparing the number on the label to the
inscribed number.
The most important part of the extra information is usually the cut number, which is a suffix to the main number. For example, matrix number 12345 is seen on a label, but examination of the
run-out groove area reveals number 12345–3, which indicates this is the third cut of this side. It is not unusual to find records with a different cut number on each side.
Sides are recut for various reasons. Record stampers can only be used to make so many copies before they become worn, and a new cut is required. (As of the early 1980s, this was no
longer true. Changes to master disc manufacturing methods, including the DMM or Direct Metal Mastering system, made it possible to make many copies of a master cut non-destructively,
so a recut was no longer necessary when the plate used for pressing became worn.) Stampers can also become damaged from handling. Recuts can also be made when there is a problem
with the previous cut, for example, a technical fault or improper banding (the visual separation between songs). When a new cut is made, several copies called test pressings are made for
technicians (and, for a new record, the producer and the recording artist) to review the cut, and determine if it should be accepted or rejected. If it is rejected, another cut must be made.
More reasons for multiple cuts: If a record is pressed at more than one factory, as can be the case when a popular release is issued by a major record company with factories in more than
one city, each factory may make its own master cut. If a record is issued internationally, each country typically cuts its own masters. If a record is re-issued by a different company, or by the
same company under a different catalogue number, the record is usually recut, although there are occasions where the previous cut is reused and the new number is added to the
inscriptions in the run-out area, sometimes with the previous number scratched out.
Singles
Records with one song per side, particularly 7-inch 45 rpm and 10-inch or 12-inch 78 rpm records, are often found with non-consecutive matrix numbers on each side, and the “hit” side or
“side one” may not necessarily be the lower number. This indicates that the numbers were probably assigned at the time the songs were recorded. If there is a significant gap between the
two numbers, the songs were probably not recorded at the same session. If the numbers appear to be from completely different sequences, or have a different format or number of digits,
this can indicate that the numbers were assigned by the recording studio, and the two sides were recorded at different studios. When record historian Brian Rust researched his discography
books on early recordings, he was able to determine the studio and approximate recording date of certain songs from matrix numbers by comparing them to other numbers in the sequence.
78 rpm records
In the days of 78 rpm records, before recording tape was commonly used (up to approx. 1950), audio recordings were cut directly to disc. The recording studio would assign a number to the
song to be recorded, which would become the main part of the matrix number, and several takes would be made, with the take number inscribed in the matrix area. Only one take would be
selected for issue in most cases, but there are occasions where alternate takes were issued as well, possibly by accident. Frequently, the record label on an alternate take is identical to the
label for the more common take, as it only shows the “main” matrix number for the song without the take number.
Alternate takes are of interest to collectors, particularly if the music is jazz. Since jazz is often partially improvised, two takes can contain significant differences, and a comparison of two
takes can reveal which portions of the music were pre-determined, and which were improvised or variable. Also, when two takes are released, one is usually much more common than the
other, and the less common take can become a valuable record to collectors.
Take numbers on Victor Records can usually be found to the left at the label, i.e. the “9 o’clock” position.[1][2]
When looking for matrix information on 78 rpm records, care should be taken to examine the label area as well, as some numbers may be coded underneath the label, and are viewable as
indentations.
Albums
Album matrix numbers are often similar to the catalogue number. For example, a record numbered X-1234 may have a matrix number like A–1234 or X–1234–A on side one, and B–1234 or
X–1234–B on side two, as shown on the label. In the run-out area, the latter number could be expressed as X–1234–B7, where 7 is the cut number. In other instances, the matrix numbers
may be a separate series of two consecutive numbers such as 55667 and 55668.
Compact discs
Compact discs (CDs) also contain factory codes inscribed near the hub, and these are also called matrix numbers.
Importance to collectors
Matrix numbers are often quoted as evidence that a record is a “first pressing”, although this term is not used in a consistent manner by collectors. Records can be pressed in multiple
batches that are identical, and therefore a group of batches must be regarded as one “pressing”. Collectors sometimes refer to a “second pressing” when a major change takes place, such
as a change to the selection or order of songs on an album side, or a not-so-major change such as a different record label design, or correction of a typo on the label text, or minor variation
of the cover, such as a change of address for the record company. Or they may refer to a record as a “second pressing” if the cut number changes, but the label, cover, and musical content
are otherwise identical. A first cut could be a rejected cut, and a cut #2 or later could actually be the one used for the first pressing as issued to the public. Even so, collectible records are
often questionably identified as “first pressing” based solely on the matrix number marked as cut #1.
If a record is recut for re-issue with a new catalogue number, the cut number will probably start at #1 again. Therefore, a matrix number in itself is not proof of an original pressing, and
additional research should be done before declaring a record to be a first pressing.
A greater importance to collectors is where a recut contains an audible difference from previous cuts. Some recuts contain a different take, mix, or edit (length of song) from previous
editions. Some recuts are made to re-issue a song with different lyrics as an act of censorship. Even if a censored record is only distributed to radio stations as a promo edition, there could
be two versions of the promo: censored and uncensored. Some recuts with altered content have a suffix of “-RE” at the end of the inscribed matrix number, but this does not necessarily
mean that the non-“RE” edition was issued to the public.
In cases where a popular release is issued by a major label that uses more than one factory, so that copies are manufactured in several cities, a factory code in the form of a number,
acronym, symbol, or logo found in the run-out area may have importance. These are sometimes quoted when collectible records are offered for sale. Factory codes used by major American
labels such as Capitol, Warner Bros., RCA and Mercury have been documented by researchers.
Hidden messages
Record collectors have often been amused to find hidden messages inscribed in the run-out area. The vast majority of these are the work of George Peckham, a disc cutting engineer in the
UK who possibly cut hundreds of thousands of records for many record companies over several decades from the 1960s onward, and often signed his cuts “Porky” or marked them as “A
Porky Prime Cut”. While some of his cuts state only his nickname or motto, others contain a clever or cryptic reference to something mentioned in the lyrics, or something about the
recording artist. Some of his inscriptions include a small drawing or cartoon. Most of his cuts can be found on records manufactured in the UK, but his use of messages has been imitated by
others, and similar messages can be found in records from various countries. They can even be found on compact discs on occasion.
On the original UK edition of My Aim Is True (1977), the first album by Elvis Costello, Peckham inscribed a message stating that this is the winning copy of a contest, and anyone finding this
message should call the phone number which follows to claim their prize. The prize was a pre-printed signature photo of Elvis Costello which was sent out in limited numbers.
Although hidden messages are usually the invention of the disc cutting engineer, there is an instance where a message is believed to have been inserted at the request of the recording
artist, on Led Zeppelin’s single, “Immigrant Song”, which contains this message on copies made in more than one country: “Do What Thou Wilt Shall Be The Whole Of The Law”.[3] Not all
copies contain this inscription, and copies that do have a higher collector’s value.
On Emmitt Rhodes’ self-titled album, an ornate design surround a “Recorded at Home” inscription, as Emitt recorded the entire album by himself and at his home.
References
Victor Mastering Numbering Systems at Encyclopedic Discography of Victor Recordings website

Victor’s Use of Matrix Numbers at Gilbert and Sullivan Discography
Tim Neely, Goldmine Price Guide to 45 RPM Records, 2nd Edition, 1999, Krause Publications
External links
RCA factory codes

Capitol factory codes in matrix areas
Capitol factory codes on LP covers
WEA (Warner, Elektra, Atlantic) factory codes (listed under “Atco” but applicabale to all of WEA)
EMI European country codes (prefix to catalogue numbers)
======
List #7
======
A big thank you to everyone who has ever contributed to the last 3 threads. Due to the new LCCN fields and new credits the old list needed to be revamped.
Below you will find names of Mastering Engineers, Mastering Houses & Pressing Plants in ALPHABETICAL ORDER.
How to read the new format:
XXXXX (identified part of runout area)

S, H or HS? Stamped, Hand-Etched or Hand-Etched Script?
Add a company: Mastered at/Pressed by a company.
Add a credit: Mastered By (giving credit to the Mastering Engineer)
Location Link: Company website. Not needed on the submission – just a point of reference.
Example: A linked example.
This list will be updated regularly.
A few items:
1) Please use ANVs where necessary!!! And please don’t include the Mastering House as part of the signature. Ex: John AT XXX . Credit John as the mastering agent and XXX in the new
LCCN fields as the mastering/pressing house/plant.
2) An engineer’s signature, like an autograph, is distinguishable. Comparing 2 pieces of etchings can be useful to crack a hard to read signature.
3) There are new credits “Lacquer Cut By” & “Lacquer Cut At” – according to nik, they can be used when there is no doubt. Otherwise please use “Mastered By” & “Mastered At.”
————————————————————————–
PICTURE, DRAWN IMAGES or “etchings that begin with a non-letter” SECTION
2HZ: or 5HZ:
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed By CBS Records Canada Ltd.
Location Link: none
Example: Earth, Wind & Fire – Let’s Groove / Fantasy (Disco Version)
(3) (after a string of numbers) (US pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Record Technology Incorporated
Location Link: http://www.recordtech.com/
Example: Fucked Up – The Chemistry Of Common Life
200 (Only valid for Brazilian vinyl pressings between 1971 and December 1978)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut By Companhia Brasileira De Discos Phonogram
Location Link: none
Example: Who, The – Odds & Sods
200 (Only valid for Brazilian vinyl pressings between January 1979 and December 1984)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By Polygram Discos Ltda.
Add a company: Lacquer Cut By Polygram Discos Ltda.
Location Link: none
Example: Who, The – Face Dances
*************************************************************************************************************
320 SECTION
*************************************************************************************************************
SUBSECTION: 320 alone
320 or 3 20 (Only valid for vinyl pressings between 1951 and December 1972)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At Deutsche Grammophon Gesellschaft Pressing Plant
Location Link: none
Example: Focus (2) – Hocus Pocus 2
320 or 3 20 (Only valid for pressings between 1992 and December 1998)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By PMDC, Germany
Location Link: none
Example: Yello – “On Track”
SUBSECTION: 320 in combination with S1/S2
320 or 3 20 in combination with S1/S2 (Only valid for vinyl pressings between 1951 and December 1972 )
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By Deutsche Grammophon Gesellschaft Pressing Plant
Location Link: none
Example: Focus (2) – Hocus Pocus 2
Note: If 320 only, then please use Lacquer Cut At only.
320 or 3 20 in combination with S1/S2 (Only valid for pressings between January 1973 and September 1979)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At Phonodisc GmbH
Add a company: Pressed By Phonodisc GmbH
Location Link: none
Example: Jean Michel Jarre* – Oxygene
320 or 3 20 in combination with S1/S2 (Only valid for pressings between October 1979 to October 1985)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At PRS Hannover
Add a company: Pressed By PRS Hannover
Location Link: none
Example: Visage – Visage
320 or 3 20 in combination with S1/S2 (Only valid for pressings between November 1985 to 1991)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At PDO, Germany
Add a company: Pressed By PDO, Germany
Location Link: none
Example: Camouflage – One Fine Day
SUBSECTION: 320 in combination with S1/S2 or S1=n/S2=n
320 or 3 20 in combination with S1/S2 or S1=n/S2=n (Only valid for pressings between January 1973 and September 1979)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By Phonodisc B.V.
Location Link: none
Example: Jean-Michel Jarre – Oxygene
Note: S1=n: n could stand for 1, 2, 3, etc.
320 or 3 20 in combination with S1/S2 or S1=n/S2=n (Only valid for pressings between October 1979 to October 1985[/b])
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At PRS Hannover
Add a company: Pressed By PRS Baarn
Location Link: none
Example: Beethoven* – Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra, Carlo Maria Giulini – Symphony No.6 “Pastoral”
320 or 3 20 in combination with S1/S2 or S1=n/S2=n (Only valid for pressings between October 1979 to October 1985)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At PRS Hannover (If 320 only, add Lacquer Cut At only)
Add a company: Pressed By PRS Hannover
Location Link: none
Example: Clock DVA – Advantage
320 or 3 20 in combination with S1/S2 or S1=n/S2=n (Only valid for pressings between November 1985 to 1994)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By PDO, Germany
Location Link: none
Example: Yello – Blazing Saddles
SUBSECTION: 320 in combination with 1Y/2Y or 1E/2E, etc.
320 or 3 20 in combination with 1Y/2Y or 1E/2E, etc. (Only valid for vinyl pressings between 1951 and December 1972)
S, H or HS? S
Location Link: none
Example: Beggar’s Opera* – Act One
Note: 1#/2#: # could stand for E, F, L, M, R, T, W, Y
320 or 3 20 in combination with 1Y/2Y or 1W/2W, etc. (Only valid for pressings between January 1973 and September 1979)
S, H or HS? S
Location Link: none
Example: Nazareth (2) – Hair Of The Dog
320 or 3 20 in combination with 1Y/2Y or 1W/2W (Only valid for pressings between October 1979 to October 1985)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At PRS Hannover (If 320 only, add Lacquer Cut At only)
Location Link: none
Example: Kurtis Blow – Party Time (Club Mix)
320 or 3 20 in combination with 1Y/2Y or 1W/2W (Only valid for pressings between November 1985 to July 1992)
S, H or HS? S
Location Link: none
Example: Kay Franzes – I Can Do
*************************************************************************************************************
380 SECTION
*************************************************************************************************************
380 (Only valid for vinyl pressings between May 1957 and 1969)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By Société Phonographique Philips
Location Link: none
Example: Maya Casabianca Avec Claude Bolling Et Son Orchestre – 3ème Série
380 (Only valid for pressings between 1969 and 1979)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By C.I.D.I.S. Louviers
Location Link: none
Example: Hergé – Tintin Et Le Temple Du Soleil
380 (Only valid for pressings between 1972 and 1980)*

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By CIDIS, Antony
Location Link: none
Example: Chœur Bulgare Svetoslav Obretenov* , dir. Gueorgui Robev* – Grande Liturgie Orthodoxe Slave (En La Basilique Alexandre Newsky De Sofia)
*The pattern 380 LPL 1Y/2Y is only found on classical records pressed by CIDIS, Antony.
380 (Only valid for pressings between 1980 and 1986)

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By PRS, Louviers
Location Link: none
Example: Cure, The – Pornography
380 (Only valid for pressings since September 1986)

S, H or HS? S
Add a credit: Mastered At – PDO, France
Example: Yello Featuring Shirley Bassey – The Rhythm Divine
410 (Only valid for vinyl pressings between 1975 and 1995)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By G.P.I. S.A.
Location Link: none
Example: New Order – Shellshock (Extended Version)
*************************************************************************************************************
420 SECTION
*************************************************************************************************************
The following has 420 but no letters following it.
420* (only valid for releases between 1958 and February 1969 )
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By – Philips Records Ltd.
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At – Philips Records Ltd.
Location Link: none
Example: Springfields, The – Island Of Dreams
*Note: Also identifiable by “A // 1▽” or “B // 1▽” or “1L // 1▽” or “2L // 1▽” or “1F // 1▽” or “2F // 1▽” in the matrix.
420* (only valid for releases between March 1969 and December 1979 )
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By Phonodisc Ltd.
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At Phonodisc Ltd.
Location Link: none
Example: Village People – Go West
*Note: Also identifiable by “A // 1▽” or “B // 1▽” or “1Y // 1▽” or “2Y // 1▽” or “1F // 1▽” or “2F // 1▽” in the matrix.
420* (only valid for releases between January 1980 and mid 1988 )
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By PRS Ltd.
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At PRS Ltd.
Location Link: none
Example: Dave Ball – In Strict Tempo
*Note: Also identifiable by “A // 1▽” or “B // 1▽” in the matrix.
*****************************************************************************************************************************
∇420 A
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Abbey Road Studios
Location Link: none
Example: Billie Holiday – Lady Sings The Blues
∇420 C
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at CBS Studios
Location Link: none
Example: Kiss – Lick It Up
∇420 E
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Penthouse Mastering
Location Link: none
Example: Killing Joke – Eighties
∇420 EX
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at The Exchange
Location Link: none
Example: Trouble Funk – Trouble Over Here, Trouble Over There
∇420 G
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Portland Studios
Location Link: none
Example: This Final Frame – Give Me Back
∇420 H
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at The Town House
Location Link: none
Example: Shadows, The – Silver Album
∇420 P
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at PRT Studios
Location Link: none
Example: Adventures, The – Send My Heart (Extended Re-Mix)
∇420 R
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Master Room
Location Link: none
Example: Carmel (2) – The Drum Is Everything
∇420 S
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Strawberry Mastering
Location Link: none
Example: Dire Straits – Dire Straits
∇420 T
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Tape One
Location Link: none
Example: Lloyd Cole And The Commotions* – Cut Me Down (Remix)
∇420 U
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Utopia Studios
Location Link: none
Example: Orange Juice (3) – Texas Fever
∇420 V
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Trident Studios
Location Link: none
Example: Various – Batcave: Young Limbs And Numb Hymns
∇420 W
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at CTS Studios
Location Link: none
Example: Cheri – Murphy’s Law
∇420 Z
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at The Sound Clinic
Location Link: none
Example: Level 42 – Are You Hearing (What I Hear)?
*************************************************************************************************************
520 SECTION
*************************************************************************************************************
520 (Only valid for pressings until 1980)

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By Phonoster
Location Link: none
Example: Antonello Venditti – Buona Domenica
520 in combination with S1=1 / S2=1 or ▽1=1 / ▽2=1 or 1=1 / 2=1 (Only valid for pressings until 1980)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At Phonoster
Location Link: none
Example: Slade – Old New Borrowed And Blue
520 (Only valid for pressings from 1980 to 1985)

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At Polygram, Tribiano
Add a company: Pressed By Polygram, Tribiano
Location Link: none
Example: Visage – The Damned Don’t Cry
520 in combination with S1=1 / S2=1 (Only valid for pressings from 1980 to 1985)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At Polygram, Tribiano
Location Link: none
Example: Bee Gees – The Woman In You
520 (Only valid for pressings from 1986 to 1989)

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At PhonoComp
Add a company: Pressed By PhonoComp
Location Link: none
Example: Jimmy Somerville / Happy Mondays – To Love Somebody / Kinky Afro
*************************************************************************************************************
670 SECTION
*************************************************************************************************************
670 in combination with 1W / 2W or 1F / 2F, etc. (only valid for releases between 1951 and 1962)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At – Philips Phonografische Industrie
Add a company: Pressed By – Philips Phonografische Industrie
Location Link: none
Example: Wim Kan – Waardig Over De Drempel – Oudejaars Avond 1958
670 in combination with 1Y / 2Y or 1W / 2W, etc (only valid for releases between 1962 and 1979)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At Phonodisc B.V.
Add a company: Pressed By Phonodisc GmbH
Location Link: none
Example: Solal* – Konitz* – Scofield* – Ørsted-Pedersen* – Four Keys
670 in combination with S1/S2 (only valid for releases between 1962 and 1979)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At Phonodisc B.V.
Location Link: none
Example: Roxy* – Angel Eyes
670* in combination with 1Y / 2Y or 1W/2W, etc. (only valid for releases between 1980 and July 1992)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At PRS Baarn
Location Link: none
Example: Associates* – The Affectionate Punch
670 in combination with S1=1 / S2=1 or S1 1 / S2 1 (only valid for releases between 1980 and July 1992)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At PRS Baarn
Location Link: none
Example: Cath Carroll – England Made Me
7AP [Jamaican pressings]

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Augustus Pablo
Example: Agustus Pablo* – Frozen Dub
710 (only valid for releases from 1963 to 1978)

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Phonogram A/S
Location Link: none
Example: Robin Gibb – Robin’s Reign
710 (only valid for releases from 1979 to 1986)

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at PRS, Oslo
Location Link: none
Example: Beranek – Dra Te Hælvete / Balls & Calls
850 (Only valid for pressings between 1970 and 31 July 1983)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By COFASA
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At Iberofon, S.A.
Location Link: none
Example: New Order – Blue Monday
850 (Only valid for pressings between August 1, 1983 and 1988)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By PolyGram Servicios, S.A.
Location Link: none
Example: Durutti Column, The – Another Setting
850 (Only valid for pressings from 1988 onwards)

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By Eurogram, S.A.
Location Link: none
Example: Revenge – 7 Reasons
————————————————————————————————————————————————————–
∇E + additional letters (UK only). It is believed the “E” stands for an “external lacquer cut.” In some cases the mastering house is listed again in the runout, but for those that do not:
∇EAR
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Abbey Road Studios
Add a company: Pressed By Phonodisc Ltd. (only between March 1969 and December 1979)
Add a company: Pressed By PRS Ltd. (only between January 1980 and mid 1988)
Location Link: http://www.abbeyroad.com/
Example: Simple Minds – Life In A Day
∇EC
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at CBS Studios
Location Link: http://www.philsbook.com/cbs-Levys.html
Example: Rainbow – All Night Long
∇E D
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Decca Studios
Location Link: none
Example: Adam And The Ants – Young Parisians
∇EKR
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Kendun Recorders
Add a company: Pressed By PRS Ltd.(only between January 1980 and mid 1988)
Location Link: unknown
Example: Iggy Pop – Five Foot One
∇E ML
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at The Mastering Lab
Location Link: http://www.themasteringlab.com
Example: Who, The – The Kids Are Alright
∇EM
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Master Room
Example: Boomtown Rats, The – Diamond Smiles
∇EMC
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at CTS Studios
Example: Leyton Buzzards – Saturday Night Beneath The Plastic Palm Trees
∇EMCRI
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Master Cutting Room
Example: Iggy Pop – Loco Mosquito / Take Care Of Me
∇E MD
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Masterdisk
Location Link: http://www.masterdisk.com/
Example: Rush – Live! Tom Sawyer / A Passage To Bangkok
∇EP
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Pye Studios (until 1979)
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at PRT Studios (from 1980 to 1989)
Location link: none
Example: Blondie – Atomic
∇E PS
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Portland Studios
Location Link: none
Example: Soft Cell – Bedsitter
∇E SC
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at The Sound Clinic
Example: Specials, The – Ghost Town
∇E ST
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Sterling Sound
Location Link: http://sterling-sound.com/
Example: Who, The – Don’t Let Go The Coat
∇ESTR
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Strawberry Mastering
Location Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strawberry_Studios
Example: Cure, The – A Forest
∇ET
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Trident Studios
Location link: http://www.tridentstudios.com/ , none, none
Example: Genesis – Duchess
∇ETH
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at The Town House
Location Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Townhouse_Studios
Example: Ultravox – Passing Strangers
∇ETO
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Tape One
Location Link: none
Example: Shakatak – Easier Said Than Done
∇EUT
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Utopia Studios
Location Link: http://www.philsbook.com/utopia.html
Example: Cozy Powell – Sooner Or Later
————————————————————————————————————————————————————–
-J.T.S.- or –JTS–
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At JTS Studios
Location Link: http://www.jtsstudio.co.uk/pages/vmaster.htm
Example: Original DJ Vibes & Hellrazor – Future Sounds
-AR or “topless lowercase ‘a’ logo” [looks like a “stamped balloon”] ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/balloon.jpg or http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/L-
211933-1322615377_zpsaa70bf67.jpeg )
S, H or HS? S, H
Add a company: Pressed By Allied Record Company
Location Link: Unknown
Example: Eagles – Their Greatest Hits 1971-1975
-BENJ- or BENJ
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Benjamin Joubert
Example: Justice (3) – DVNO
-(5 numbers)- matrix scheme

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed by Pallas
Link: none
Example: Burst – Origo + Prey On Life
‡ D&M
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered At Dubplates & Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Helmut Erler
Location Link: http://www.dubplates-mastering.com
Example: Toby Dreher – Notendruck
〄 “Japanese Industry Standard symbol” ( Image of older stamp: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/Oldstamp.png Image of newer stamp:
http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/Newerstamp.png )*
S, H or HS? S
Location Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_Industrial_Standards
Example: Various – Summer Campaign ’85
*Please note this is not a mastering or pressing credit. This notation is for information only.
(sideways peace sign)BW*

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At Chicago Mastering Service
Add a credit: Mastered By – Robert Weston
Location Link: http://www.chicagomasteringservice.com/
Example: Jawbox – For Your Own Special Sweetheart
*The sideways peace sign is the insignia of Chicago Mastering Service
(sideways peace sign)JW*

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At Chicago Mastering Service
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jason Ward
Location Link: http://www.chicagomasteringservice.com/
Example: Stars Of The Lid – Avec Laudenum
*The sideways peace sign is the insignia of Chicago Mastering Service
(spiral sign) @ D+M or D&M (spiral sign) or D+M (spiral sign)

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At Dubplates & Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Robert Henke
Example: DP-SOL – Live In Leipzig
Δ (Delta symbol: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_%28letter%29 ) [Australian pressings]

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Δ
Example: Joy Division – Love Will Tear Us Apart
Note: Δ is the sign of Tony Taurins
ΔM
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – ΔM
Location Link: none
Example: LNR – Work It To The Bone
ΔM F/W
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Frankford/Wayne Mastering Labs
Add a credit: Mastered By – ΔM
Location Link: none
Example: Calhoon – Soul Man
♀ (Female symbol: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_symbol ) [Australian pressings]

S, H, HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – ♀
Location link: none
Example: Yello – Stella
Note: ♀ is the sign of Meredith Brooks (2)
————————————————————————————————————–
On LYNTONE Pressings only. In some cases the mastering house is listed again in the runout, but for those that do not:
“LYNTONE SEQUENCE” (Ex: LYN 15584) + ICBS

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Lyntone Recordings Ltd.
Add a company: Mastered At CBS Studios, London
Example: Smiths, The – This Charming Man (New York)
“LYNTONE SEQUENCE” (Ex: LYN 20188-1) + IEX

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At The Exchange
Example: Greater Than One – Now Is The Time
“LYNTONE SEQUENCE” (Ex: LYN8238-1) + ISC

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At The Sound Clinic
Example: Basement 5 – Silicone Chip
“LYNTONE SEQUENCE” (Ex: LYN 10170-1) + ITD

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At Trident Studios
Example: Kinks, The – Waterloo Sunset / Dedicated Follower Of Fashion
“LYNTONE SEQUENCE” (Ex: LYN-10787) + ITH

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At The Town House
Example: Amin•Peck* – Love Disgrace
“LYNTONE SEQUENCE” (Ex: LYN-14286) + ITO

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At Tape One
Example: Play Dead (2) – From The Promised Land
“LYNTONE SEQUENCE” (Ex: LYN-10863-1) + IUT
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At Utopia Studios
Example: Nuns, The – Wild
————————————————————————————————————–
PYE STUDIOS Section
△G*
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At – Pye Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By △G
Location Link: none
Example: Status Quo – Gerdundula
*Alias for Gordon Vicary
△H*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By △H
Location Link: none
Example: Joe Dolan – It Makes No Difference
*Alias for Howard Barrow
△J*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – △J
Location Link: none
Example: Sandie Shaw – Wight Is Wight
*Alias for Geoff Calver
△MB*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By △MB
Location Link: none
Example: Ken Leray – Together We Are Beautiful
*Alias for Mike Brown
△T*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By △T
Location Link: none
Example: Players Association* – Disco Inferno / I Like It
*Alias for Tony Bridge
△W*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By △W
Location Link: none
Example: Autumn (16) – My Little Girl
*Alias for Derek Stricklen
△X*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By △X
Location Link: none
Example: Maureen McGovern – I Won’t Last A Day Without You
*Alias for Ian Cooper
♢BJ*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By ♢BJ
Location Link: none
Example: Delegation – You And I / Put A Little Love On Me
*Alias for Bob Jones
♢G*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By ♢G
Location Link: none
Example: Brotherhood Of Man – Angelo
*Alias for Gordon Vicary
♢H*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – ♢H
Location Link: none
Example: No Artist – Memories Of Steam
♢MB*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By ♢MB
Location Link: none
Example: Carl Douglas – Carl Douglas – Girl You’re So Fine / Too Hot To Handle
♢T*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By ◊T
Location Link: none
Example: Hylda Baker And Arthur Mullard – You’re The One That I Want
♢W
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Mastered At Pye Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By: ♢W
Location Link: none
Example: Children Aged 5-11 Accompanied By Eira Davies* – Children’s Party Songs & Games
♢X*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By ♢X
Location Link: none
Example: Paul Da Vinci – Your Baby Ain’t Your Baby Anymore
π* (sign of Pi)
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By π
Location Link: none
Example: Patrick Juvet – Où Sont Les Femmes
✳H* (star symbol)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – ✳H
Location Link: none
Example: Donovan – Catch The Wind
✳T* (star symbol)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By ✳T
Location Link: none
Example: Tippett* : Fidelio Quartet – String Quartets Nos. 1 & 3
✳X* (star symbol)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By ✳X
Location Link: none
Example: Hot Butter – Popcorn
————————————————————————————————————–
¢ (a US “cent” symbol aka coin)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tom Coyne
Example: D4 (2) – Funky Rap Party
Upright “M” + Upside Down “V” in a circle or large “O” ( Image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/MVO.jpg )
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Dubplates & Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Moritz von Oswald
Location Link: http://www.dubplates-mastering.com/
Example: Rhythm & Sound w/ Tikiman – Never Tell You
————————————————————————————————————–
øPHASE @ CURVEPUSHER or ø @ CURVEPUSHER

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Curve Pusher
Add a credit: Mastered By – Phase *
Location Link: http://curvedpressings.com/
Example: Analog Fingerprints – Roofs
*Please use Ashley Burchett’s alias.
øPHASE @ WHITFIELD ST
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Whitfield Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Phase *
Location Link: http://whitfieldmastering.com/
Example: Kylie* – I Believe In You
*Please use Ashley Burchett’s alias.
Drawing / Etching of a flower or “three seagulls in flight” (flower ex: http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/856/janesflowermatrix.jpg/ )

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Brian Gardner
Example: Jane’s Addiction – Strays
Image of 3 circles (Italian pressings) [image: http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b206/midi1sod/3circles_zps34f4e9b6.jpg ]*

S, H or HS? S
Add a credit: Pressed by – CGD Pressing Plant
Location Link: None
Example: Hamilton Bohannon – Bohannon’s Beat / Bohannon Walk
* The image is supposed to be their logo “cgd”
√ANOS
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Ray Janos
Example: Taana Gardner – Heartbeat
“M” (circled): Ⓜ
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Mastered at Metropolis Mastering
Location Link: http://www.metropolis-group.co.uk/services.php?m=1&p=8
Example: Kraftwerk – Expo2000
Ⓜ JML
S, H or HS? S, H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Julian Lowe
Example: dEUS – Sister Dew
Ⓜ MILES
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Miles Showell
Example: DJ Shadow – Selections From The Private Press
Backward “S” in a circle

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Pressed By – Shelley Products
Location Link: none
Example: Jackie DeShannon – Put A Little Love In Your Heart / Always Together
ⓂTWIG
S, H or HS? S,H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Martin Granville-Twig
Example: SFA* – Northern Lites
“TR” (circled) + CR + “a date” (ex: 5/75)

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Trutone Mastering Labs
Add a credit: Mastered By – Carl Rowatti
Location Link: http://www.trutonemastering.com/
Example: Eric Clapton / Jack Bruce / Ginger Baker – The Early Cream Of Eric Clapton, Jack Bruce & Ginger Baker
“U” (circled): Ⓤ, ⓤ or (U)

S, H or HS? S, H
Add a company: Pressed by United Record Pressing
Location Link: http://www.urpressing.com/
Example: Big L – Lifestylez Ov Da Poor & Dangerous
@t GP or @tGP or AT/GP [GP might look like 4P]

S, H, or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Atlantic Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By – George Piros
Link Location: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Studios
Example: ADC Band – Fire Up / More & More Disco
AA (please note line in the middle of the “A” crosses over to both letters. See image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/MA-orMT-runout_zps024baf80.jpg )
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Arnie Acosta
Example: U2 / Frank Sinatra With Bono – Stay (Faraway, So Close!) / I’ve Got You Under My Skin
Å (please note the A alone has a circle above it. It is: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85 )
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Å (3)
Example: Railway Children, The – Brighter
A-B-Ⅰ, A-B-Ⅱ or A-B-Ⅲ ( Image: http://www.discogs.com/viewimages?artist=Horst+Angenendt )

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Teldec-Studio, Berlin
Add a credit: Mastered By – Horst Angenendt
Example: Béla Bartók – Eder-Quartett* – Sämtliche Streichquartette (Complete String Quartets · L’Intégrale Des Quatuors À Cordes)
A “W” over an “M” stamp ( Image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/Wakefieldstamp_zpsdc9df52d.jpeg )

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By Wakefield Manufacturing
Example: Jack DeJohnette – New Directions In Europe
A bass cleff ( Image: http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/862/signkw.jpg/ )*

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Manufactured By Sonopress**
Location Link: http://www.arvatodigitalservices.com
Example: Peter Tschaikowsky* – Capriccio Italien (Das Schönste Von Peter Tschaikowsky)
* found imprinted underneath the label
**now called Arvato Digital Services
Stamped picture of two circles with 2 sticks or a drum with 2 drumsticks ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/ArtisanSoundRecorders.jpg )
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Mastered at Artisan Sound Recorders
Location Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artisan_Sound_Recorders
Example: XTC – King For A Day
Stamped picture of 2 diamonds with a P in the middle ◈ P ◈ ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/MCAPinckneyville.jpg )

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed by MCA Pressing Plant, Pinckneyville
Location Link: None
Example: Elton John Band, The* – Philadelphia Freedom / I Saw Her Standing There
“Ear” or an uppercase cursive “P”* ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/4149-mobley-squares-_runout.jpg )

S, H or HS? HS
Add a company: Pressed by Plastylite
Location Link: Long defunct.
Example: Charlie Christian – Jazz Immortal
*Some also describe the mark as a backwards capital “P”.
Plastylite pressed all of Blue Note’s records until 1965; also pressed records for Prestige, Folkways Records and United Artists Records (possibly others).
Stamped picture of 2 boxes with a “G” in the center. (see http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/RunoutImage.jpg )

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed by MCA Pressing Plant, Gloversville
Example: Consolidated – Message To The People
———————————————————————————————————————————————————
CAPITOL RECORDS SECTION: Please note the symbols should not be applied to non-US releases unless there is distinct evidence.
———————————————————————————————————————————————————
‘Long horn’ ( ——-◄ ) ( Ex: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/Horn.jpg )
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed by Capitol Records Pressing Plant, Winchester
Example: Attitudes – Good News
* It is supposed to be a Winchester rifle.
** Link to 4 Capitol Records pressing plant marks http://www.fadingad.com/fadingadblog/?p=5388
‘Shining star’ , a six-pointed ✲ ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/star.jpg )

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed by Capitol Records Pressing Plant, Los Angeles
Example: Beatles, The – Lady Madonna / The Inner Light
* Link to 4 Capitol Records pressing plant marks http://www.fadingad.com/fadingadblog/?p=5388
‘Triangle with the letters I A M in it’ ( see http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/IAM.jpg )

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed by Capitol Records Pressing Plant, Scranton
Example: Ferlin Husky – Once
** IAM = International Association of Machinists’ union whose members worked at the Scranton plant.
Large 0 (zero) ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/L-314605-1322797629.jpg )

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed by Capitol Records Pressing Plant, Jacksonville
Example: Illustrated Man – Head Over Heels
Symbol that looks like “SNA” or “Z / N” or “ENB” ( image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/zorn1.jpg or

http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/SNA_zpsfc197bc0.jpeg )
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed by SNA
Location Link: http://www.snadisc.com
Example: Cranberries, The – Everybody Else Is Doing It, So Why Can’t We?
Capitol Records “target” logo or bullseye stamp (Canadian pressings)

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By Capitol Records-EMI Of Canada Limited
Location Link: None
Example: Nick Gilder – Hot Child In The City
======
List #8
======
ALPHABETICAL LISTINGS
(indecipherable signature) on Portuguese pressings (Image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/EMIVC1.jpg )

S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Fernando Cortez
Example: AC/DC – Who Made Who
(indecipherable signature) looks like CMD or CM♥ or q_A ♥ or MD on German pressings (Image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/cmd.jpg )
S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bo Kondren
Example: Deco 2 – Maniac
(indecipherable signature) Looks like (jagged line)K or (jagged line)Kling (Images: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/R-4361926-1364324464-7081_zps636caf19.jpeg &
http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/R-4361926-1364324456-4479_zps43cac5ff.jpeg )
S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Randy Kling
Example: Alice Cooper – Love It To Death
ダリアン!
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – ダリアン!
Example: Wayward, The – Overexposure
A&M MASTERING + GS
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a company: Mastered at A&M Mastering Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By – Geoff Sykes
Location Link: http://amstudios.net (Memorial site)
Example: Spring Heel Jack – 68 Million Shades……Sampler
A 1ST FOR KEV – TOWNHOUSE or TOWNHOUSE KEV
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at The Town House
Add a credit: Mastered By – Kevin Metcalfe
Example: Re-Flex (2) – How Much Longer
A Porky Prime Cut

A Porky ‘Oh yes’ Prime Cut
A Porky Prime Er-Er-Er Goldfish I Think
A Porky Prime sniff sniff cut
A PORKY PRIME TANGO
A PORKY PRIME CUT
A PPORKY PPRIME CCUT
P.O.R.K.Y.
(many variations on Porky)
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Porky (5)
Example: Sex Gang Children – Beasts
* Porky is George Peckham. Please use his alias in this case.
A Smart Cut
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Lacquer Cut By – Steve Smart
Example: Quando Quango – Pigs + Battleships
AA-BAJ*
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Absolute Audio
Add a credit: Mastered By – Brad Johnson
Location Link: http://www.absoluteaudio.com/
Example: In Sync (2) – Let Me See / Rave Thang
Note: can also appear as AA BAJ, AABAJ or AA·BAJ
AATB
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tom Brick
Example: Peter “At Work” Presta* – Mix Of Trixx
AB
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By – Abbey Record Manufacturing Co., Inc.
Location Link: none
Example: John Coltrane – Coltrane
ABS
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Alex Sadkin
Example: Eagles – One Of These Nights
Absolute Audio NY JB
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jim Brick
Example: DJ Soul Slinger – Abducted
AC
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Arun Chakraverty
Example: Black Sabbath – Mob Rules
ACTIS or ACTIS.
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Actis Studios
Location Link: none
Example: Born Dead Icons – New Scream Industry
AD MASTERDISK or MASTERDISK AD
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Masterdisk
Add a credit: Mastered By – Alex DeTurk
Example: Haemorrhage – Hospital Carnage
ADRENALIN
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by Adrenalin (4)
Example: 808 State – Let Yourself Go / Deepville
AL SNB
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Disques SNB Ltée.
Add a credit: Mastered By – Alain DeRoque
Location Link: http://www.snbmastering.com/ (now dead)
Example: Meco* – Pop Goes The Movies
al Brown or aB (aB image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/ab.jpeg )

S, H or HS? H or HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Al Brown (5)
Example: Yusef Lateef – Morning
ALG + LHaudio.com
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at LH Audio Services (using analogue mastering)
Add a credit: Mastered By – Oliver Lieb
Location Link: http://www.lhaudio.com/
Example: Headless Ghost – Backend EP
Alan (Scandinavian pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Alan Graves
Example: Chrissy (4) – Chrissy
Alex@Scratch Free
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Scratch Free Press
Add a credit: Mastered By – Alex Fodi
Location Link: http://web.archive.org/web/20051223155818/http://www.scratchfree.ca/
Example: Deity Zone feat. Miche Braden & Yasmin Rashid – Live
ALLEN or AL (UK pressings only)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Allen Landau
Example: Van Der Graaf* – Vital
Allen Zentz or Az or A.Z. (US pressings only)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Allen Zentz
Example: Patrice Rushen – Let The Music Take Me
AM (mostly french pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Alain Morand
Example: Aura* Meets Lee “Scratch” Perry* – Full Experience
AM + Dynam (mostly french pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Dyam
Add a credit: Mastered By – Alain Morand
Example: Noise Gate (3) – Peace & Work
AM (The “A” looks like triangle)

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Andy Mellwig
Example: Monolake – Cyan
AMIGO-PB
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Amigo Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By – Phil Brown
Location Link: None
Example: Stiff Little Fingers – Inflammable Material
ANDRÉ VINYLIUM.CH
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Vinylium.ch
Add a credit: Mastered By – André Huesler
Location Link: http://www.vinylium.ch/page/content/index.asp?MenuID=24&ID=21&Menu=1&Item=11
Example: Dimlite – Synonym4
Andre@Topmaster
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Top Master
Add a credit: Mastered By – André Perriat
Location Link: http://www.myspace.com/topmasterparis
Example: Ready Made – Dynamo
andreas@schnittstelle or andreas at schnittstelle

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Schnittstelle (2)
Add a credit: Mastered By – Andreas Kauffelt
Location Link: http://www.schnittstelle.ws/Schnittstelle_-_Vinylschnitt_%26_Mastering.html
Example: Mambotur – Pacheco (Remixes)
Andy 91 or Andy 92
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Andy Crump (2)
Example: Mario Brothers, The – Something
andybee @ dubplate.eu
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Dubplate.eu*
Add a credit: Mastered By – Andybee
Example: Tom Novy vs. TV Rock – The Power
*now called Mastercut
ARC
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by Allentown Record Co. Inc.
Location Link: none
Example: Engelbert Humperdinck – Engelbert
ARCHER + “image of arrow drawn underneath” (Image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/archer10.jpg )

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by Archer Record Pressing
Example: Yvette – Pump Me
AREACEM ( Image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/AREACEM_zps7a48ff01.jpg )

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed by A.R.E.A.C.E.M.
Location Link: none
Example: Spring Heel Jack – 68 Million Shades……Sampler
ARP
S, H or HS? S (stamped in script)
Add a company: Pressed by American Record Pressing Co.
Location Link: none
Example: Brenda Holloway – Let Love Grow / Some Quiet Place (To Rest My Mind)
ARUN or Arun
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Arun Chakraverty
Example: Sammy Hagar – Give To Live
AT (UK Pressings) – please see “UK Purchase Tax Codes” below.
ATLANTIC STUDIOS D.K. or ATLANTIC STUDIOS DK or AT/DK

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Dennis King
Location Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Studios
Example: Roberta Flack – If Ever I See You Again
Audiodisc YYMMDD
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed By Audiodisc AB
Location Link: http://www.audiodisc.se/
Example: Kontrol Voltage – A Study In Audible Evil
AV + MASTERDISK
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Andy VanDette
Example: Sting – The Best Of 25 Years
AVC (enclosed in a rhombus)

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed By Acme Vinyl
Location Link: none
Example: Freaky Flow And P.J.* – On The Down Low / Mist
AZ or MASTERED AT ALLEN ZENTZ L.A., CALIF
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Allen Zentz Mastering
Location Link: None
Example: Barry White – America / Life
AZ (with drawn birds/flowers)

S, H or HS? H
Location Link: None
Example: Donna Summer – Four Seasons Of Love
AZ CB [ http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/azcb.jpg ]
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Chris Bellman
Location Link: None
Example: Cameo – Find My Way
B or BW or Bestway or Best
S, H or HS? H or S
Add a company: Pressed By Bestway Products Inc.
Location Link: http://books.google.com/books?id=1yQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT75&dq=Billboard+Bestway&hl=en&sa=X&ei=TgBsUY7uEObp0gH074Eo&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA
Example: Rascals, The – People Got To Be Free / My World
B.E C.R or B.E-C.R

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Cutting Room
Add a credit: Mastered By – Björn Engelmann
Location Link: http://cuttingroom.se/
Example: Roxette – Look Sharp!
B.E-POLAR
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Polar Mastering*
Add a credit: Mastered By – Björn Engelmann
Location Link: http://www.mastersofaudio.se/
Example: Imperiet – Var E´ Vargen
*defunct, now Masters of Audio, Stockholm
B.G. or BG
S, H or HS? H, HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bernie Grundman
Example: Devo – Something For Everybody
BA
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Björn Almstedt
Example: Fun Boy Three – Waiting
BA-CR or BA•CR
S, H or HS?
Example: Blindboy – Ruckus In Lo-Fi
BA-GP
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed by Grammoplast
Location Link: None
Example: Pogues, The – Peace And Love
BAZZA or BAZZA AT PORKYS

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Porky’s Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bazza (2)
Location Link: None
Example: 2 Da Core – Na Touch It / Faith And Hope
Beau or BEAU or beau

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Beau Thomas
Example: Resonant Evil – Angry Man / Screwheadz
Beau@1087 or Beau @ Ten Eight Seven

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Beau Thomas
Add a company: Mastered at – Ten Eight Seven Mastering
Example: Dub Dynasty – Unrelenting Force
Bell Sound
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Bell Sound Studios
Location Link: None
Example: Neil Diamond – Shilo / La Bamba
Bellsound + Bre (looks like SRE : http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/sre_zps72ca695f.jpeg )

S, H or HS? S + HS
Add a credit: Mastered by – Joe Brescio
Location Link: None
Example: Dust (12) – Hard Attack
Bell Sound sf or Bell Sound SF

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Sam Feldman
Location Link: None
Example: Beatles, The – Let It Be
Best or Bestway please see “B or BW or Bestway or Best” above.
BH
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bobby Hata
S, H or HS? H
Example: Deep Purple – Black Night
BilBo (which can look like BiBo) or BilBo OLDIE

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – BilBo (3)*
Example: Paul Nicholas – Paul Nicholas
*alias for Denis Blackham
Bilbo @ Porkys
S, H or HS?
Location Link: None.
Example: Faith No More – Midlife Crisis
BilBo Tape One or BilBo TA1PE

S, H or HS? HS
Add a company: Mastered at Tape One
Link Link: None
Example: Language (4) – Goodbye Indian Summer
B.J. + cts
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at CTS Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bob Jones (6)
Example: Joy Division – The Peel Sessions
BK
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bill Kipper
Example: Daryl Hall & John Oates – Running From Paradise / Portable Radio
BKG
S, H or HS? H
Example: Donna Summer – I Remember Yesterday
BLAIR or BLAIR’S
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By Chris Blair
Example: Bryan Ferry – Let’s Stick Together
BN ( Image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/BN_zpsa4e84b35.jpg )
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Teldec-Press GmbH
Add a credit: Mastered By – Sönke Bahns
Example: Blancmange – What’s Your Problem?
BNJ@TRANSLAB
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Translab
Add a credit: Mastered By – Benjamin Joubert
Location Link: http://www.translab-mastering.com/intro1_content.html
Example: Luis Nieva – Frecuency
Bobil
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bobil
Example: Las Mothers* – Just Another Band From L.A.
BONATI MASTERING NYC

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Bonati Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Josh Bonati
Location Link: http://www.bonatimastering.com
Example: Omar S* And Ob Ignitt* – Wayne County Hill Cop’s (Part.2)
Boppin’ Bob or BOPPIN’ BOB

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bob Jones (6)
Example: Jerry Knight – Perfect Fit
BP or ´BP or ´BP´ ( http://tinypic.com/view.php?pic=28814e0&s=5 )

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bud Pressner
Example: D.J. Rush* – Knee Deep
BQ MASTERFONICS
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Masterfonics
Add a credit: Mastered By – Benny Quinn
Location Link http://masterfonics.com/
Example: Barkays* – The Slide
BUSTA STAMPER
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Master Records, Inc.
Add a credit: Mastered By – Busta Stamper
Location Link: none
Examples: Black Cuban Opera, The – The Sound Of Love
CA
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Chris Athens
Examples: High & Mighty, The – Home Field Advantage (Instrumentals)
CALYX Alexej
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Calyx Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Alexej Gottschau
Location Link: http://www.calyx-mastering.com/
Examples: Aspect (3) / Electrosoul System – Soul Lady / Fun
CB or cB
S, H or HS?
Example: Jerry Knight – Perfect Fit
CBA or C.B.A.*
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Manufactured By CBA Productions
Example: Sub-State – Take Me Up / I Need You
*please note this is not a mastering or pressing indicator but a manufacturing one.
CED-TR
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Cédric Monnet
Example: Elesse – Rare & Unreleased Cuts
CGB / D+M or CGB @ D&M or CGB@D&M

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Christoph Grote-Beverborg
Example: M. Schaffhäuser* – Nice To Meet You
cgd (Italian pressings) – see Image of 3 circles (Italian pressings) above.
CHAB Translab
CHAB-TR
CHΔB-TR (A is a triangle)
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Chab (2)
Example: Raw Man – Back To The Future
CHRISTIAN@ABBEYROAD or Christian@Abbeyroad
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Abbey Road Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By – Christian Wright
Example: Sissy Wish – Table 44
chris – T2T or chris@T2T

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Tape To Tape
Add a credit: Mastered By – Chris Alexander
Location Link: none
Example: Olmec Heads, The – Magic Man
CHRIS P @ UNITY
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Unity Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Chris Parmenidis
Location Link: http://www.unitymastering.com
Example: Beta 2 / Catchin’ Wreck – Hustle / Changes
CL (Australian pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Clive Lipman
Example: Various – 1981…Rocks On
COIN
S, H or HS? H
Example: Die Warzau – Funkopolis
COLUMBIA NY
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Mastered at Columbia Recording Studios
Example: Roni Griffith – (The Best Part Of) Breakin’ Up
Columbia Records Pressing Plant section

———————————————————————————————–
CSM or S or Ƨ or SM or CS
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Columbia Records Pressing Plant, Santa Maria
Location Link: none
Example: Queen – Somebody To Love
P or CP
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Columbia Records Pressing Plant, Pitman
Location Link: none
Example: Tim Buckley – Lorca
T or TH or CTH
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Columbia Records Pressing Plant, Terre Haute
Location Link: none
Example: Faces (3) – A Nod Is As Good As A Wink…To A Blind Horse
———————————————————————————————–
COPYMASTERS – Miles
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Copymasters
Location Link: http://www.masterpiece.net/index.php
Example: Energenic – Energenic
CP
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Chris Potter
Location Link: none
Example: Arthur Baker – Breaker’s Revenge
CP @ SMS or CP@SONY
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Sony Music Studios London
Location Link: none
Example: Rob Mello Featuring Cecile* – Fantasize
CR (US pressings – not to be confused with Cinram below)

S, H or HS? H
Example: Various – Stanley Kubrick’s A Clockwork Orange
CR (In a circle) (mostly Canadian pressings)

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed by Cinram
Location Link: http://www.cinram.com/
Example: Charlie Peacock – Charlie Peacock
Criteria + MF
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Criteria Recording Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By – Mike Fuller
Location Link: http://www.criteriastudios.com/
Example: Mike Theodore Orchestra, The – High On Mad Mountain
CSB ♪♪ (with two musical notes)

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Carlton Batts
Example: BMW (2) – Rock The House
CS-B-Ⅰ, CS-B-Ⅱ or CS-B-Ⅲ (Images: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/CS-B-I_zps3190eab3.jpeg , http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/CS-B-

III_zps50437964.jpeg )
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Christian Stegmaier
Example: He Said – Pale Feet / Pulling 3gs
CTS WEMBLEY
S, H or HS? H
Location Link: None
Example: Inevitech* – Reform EP
CURVE PUSHER
S, H or HS?
Example: Halcyon Daze – Searchin’ EP
D Jay or DJay @ Masterpiece

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at masterpiece
Add a credit: Mastered By – Danny King
Example: I.K.* – Complete Madness / Sundown
D. SWABY or DUDLEY SWABY

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Dudley “Manzie” Swaby
Example: Scorcher* – Tourist Season
D.A.S. Disc Mastering MR or DAS Disc Mastering MR

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Digital Audio Solutions
Add a credit: Mastered By – Marc Regan
Example: Latin II Latin – Got To Keep ‘Em Dancin’
D+M or D&M or D&m

S, H or HS?
Example: Maurizio – M-4
D+M (M has a hook on the end)

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By Moritz von Oswald
Example: Rhythm & Sound – See Mi Yah (Remixes #3)
DAMONT
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by Damont Audio
Example: Seduction* & Dougal – It’s Not Over (Remix)
DAVE W – MASTERPIECE
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Dave W.
Example: Da Click – Good Rhymes
Dave’s I.B.C.
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at I.B.C. Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By – Dave Tucker (4)
Location Link: http://www.ibcstudio.co.uk/
Example: Candlewick Green – Last Bus Home
DB
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Denis Blackham
Example: Robyn Hitchcock & The Egyptians – Globe Of Frogs
DB. TAPE one

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Denis Blackham
Example: Derek & The Dominos / Allman Brothers Band, The – Layla / Jessica
DB (Australian only)
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Don Bartley
Example: David Bowie – Heroes
DBH (early US pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – David Hancock
Example: Rimsky-Korsakov* – Mario Rossi (2) Conducting The Orchestra Of The Vienna State Opera (Volksoper)* – Scheherazade
DC
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Dave Crawford (2)
Example: Lester Young – Mean To Me
DCHARLES or D CHARLES
S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Dick Charles
Example: Kidzstuff – Wanting You
DCM or dcm*
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at DCM (3)
Location Link: http://www.dicentia.dk/ http://www.dicentia.se/ http://www.dicentia.no/
Example: Treble & Bass – My Sweet Señorita
*DCM is now a part of Dicentia
DCT* (US pressings from 1964 to 1975)

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at DCT Recorders
Location Link: none
Example: Fun And Games, The – Elephant Candy
*Became Quad Teck
DD (Italian pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Daniele Delfitto
Example: Olivia Newton-John / Electric Light Orchestra – Xanadu
DcBφs or DcBqs (could be mistaken for: DeBos, DeBφs, DeRcs, DeRos)

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Better Quality Sound
Add a credit: Mastered By – David Cheppa
Location Link: none
Example: Matt Johnson (2) – E-Normous Johnson EP
———————————————————————————————————–
Decca records from the 60’s and 70’s
[Format indicator] – [Master tape number] – [a #]+[a letter designating the Mastering Engineer]
Ex: XZAL-9067.P-1A
or on some Singles:
[Format indicator] – [Master tape number] – [Take number] – [a #]+[a letter designating the Mastering Engineer]
Ex: XDRF-34960-T1-1C
Format indicator can be XARL (or ARL) for Mono or XZAL (or ZAL) for Stereo recordings.
(For more information on Master tape number or Take number please see: http://stonesondecca.com/3A1_Matrix.html )
XXXX-XXXX-#[letter]
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Mastered At – Decca Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By – see below
A = Mastered By – A (26) (aka Guy Fletcher)

Example: Rolling Stones, The – Through The Past, Darkly (Big Hits Vol. 2)
B = Mastered By – B (3) (aka Ron Mason)

Example: Rolling Stones, The – The Rolling Stones, Now!
C = Mastered By – C (17) (aka Trevor Fletcher)

Example: Isla St. Clair* – Isla
D = Mastered By – D (36) (aka Jack Law)

Example: Rolling Stones, The – The Rolling Stones, Now!
E = Mastered By – E (24) (aka Stanley Goodall)

Example: Rolling Stones, The – Aftermath
F = Mastered By – F (15) (aka Cyril Windebank)

G = Mastered By – G (22) (aka Ted Burkett)

Example: Joan Sutherland, L’Orchestre De La Suisse Romande, Richard Bonynge – French Opera Gala (Volume One)
K = Mastered By – K (52) (aka Tony Hawkins)

Example: Rolling Stones, The – Their Satanic Majesties Request
L – Mastered By – L (16) (aka George Bettyes)

Example: Rolling Stones, The – Out Of Our Heads
M – Mastered By – M (62) (aka James Brown)

Example: Rolling Stones, The – Flowers
W – Mastered By – W (12) (aka Harry Fisher)

———————————————————————————————————–
Dennis
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bob Dennis
Example: Honey Cone, The* – When Will It End / Take Me With You
denny + georgetown
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Georgetown Masters
Add a credit: Mastered By – Denny Purcell
Location Link: http://georgetownmasters.com/
Example: Wayne Toups & Zydecajun – Blast From The Bayou
denny + woodland or dwoodland

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Woodland Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By – Denny Purcell
Location Link: none
Example: Sylvia (7) – Drifter
DeRoque + SNB (in the 80s)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Alain DeRoque
Location Link: http://www.snbmastering.com/ (now dead)
Example: Mitsou – El Mundo
DFI
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed by DFI
Example: Things, The – I Don’t Care / Stupid
dg (image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/A-544811-1380238876-3041_zps487dd498.jpeg )
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – David Gold (3)
Example: Neil Young & Crazy Horse – Live Rust
dh (interlocking – see image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/dh_zps4fa479df.jpeg )

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Don Holden
Example: Marvin Gaye – What’s Going On
DIDIER + TIMMION CUTTING

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At Timmion Cutting
Add a credit: Lacquer Cut By – Didier
Location Link: http://www.timmion.com/cutting/
Example: Echo Roots – Invasion
Dietrch or Dietrich( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/Dietrich.jpg )

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Dietrich Schoenemann
Example: Boris The Spyder – The Mission
DILL
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Dillinja
Example: Roni Size And DJ Die* – It’s A Big Up Ting / It’s A Jazz Thing (Utah Jazz Remixes)
Dinkum
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Dinkum Recording Services
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jo Hansch
Example: Zappa* – Ship Arriving Too Late To Save A Drowning Witch
DISKWERKS – IAIN
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Diskwerks
Add a credit: Mastered By – Iain Burgess
Example: Z Factor* – (I Like To Do It In) Fast Cars
DITOMA (Italian pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Guido Di Toma
Example: Boy Meets Girl – Bring Down The Moon
Djamil
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Djamil Mehtieff
Example: DJ Slip – Empire Digital Ghetto
DK or D K
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Dennis King
Example: Kon Kan – I Beg Your Pardon
DM
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By CBS Records Canada Ltd.
Location Link: None
Example: New Order – Bizarre Love Triangle
DMM
S, H or HS?
Add a note: Direct Metal Mastering*
Explanation Link: http://totalsonicmastering.com/dmm.htm
Example: Funk D’Void – Jack Me Off
* This is a technique for cutting vinyl not a mastering house nor pressing plant
DMS C or DMS Coin or DMS ¢
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Hit Factory Mastering
Location Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hit_Factory
Example: Black Box – Strike It Up
DMS cg (peace sign) or DMS cg

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Chris Gehringer
Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hit_Factory
Example: Debbie “D” – Get Up
DMS Herbie Jr. 🙂

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Herb Powers Jr.
Example: Deee-Lite – E.S.P. / Good Beat
DNDFNC @ CALYX (image: http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b206/midi1sod/calyx10_zpscb8427e3.jpg )

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At – Calyx Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – DNDFNC
Example: Ender* – Cage & Mirrors EP
DON GROSSINGER or dG or in some cases G

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Don Grossinger
Example: Bama & The Family – Don’t Think … Do / Get Up In Your Hot Pants
DOUG – TOWNHOUSE
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At – The Town House
Add a credit: Mastered By – Doug Shearer
Example: Bird And The Bee, The – F*cking Boyfriend
DP
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed By Disco-Press
Link: http://www.discopress.be/frameset.htm [sadly defunct]
Example: Cellblock X – Secrets Of Nutrition E.P.
DS (Image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/DS.jpg )
S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Duncan Stanbury
Example: Bone Thugs N Harmony* Ft. Mariah Carey & Bow Wow – Lil Love
DT (Image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/dt_zpse677eeae.jpeg )
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Dave Travis
Example: Steppenwolf – Early Steppenwolf
dubplate @ gmx.com*
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Dubplate.eu
Link: http://www.mastercut.eu/
Example: Rockers Hi-Fi – Push Push
*Now goes by the name Mastercut
E1
S, H or HS? S, H
Add a credit: Lacquer Cut By: Achim Elsner
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At: TELDEC-Studio, Hamburg
Location Link: none
Example: A Flock Of Seagulls – Nightmares
(Lacquer Cut due to the fact that he worked in Cutting Room 1)
e2g mastering or e2g

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered at Ear2ground Mastering
Examples: Nyabingi – Four To Da Fari / Back A Yard, Utah Jazz – Mesmerize / Riddim Track
EG
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Gedmal Galvanic Ltd.
Add a credit: Mastered By – Eddy Gorecki
Location Link: none
Examples: A Certain Ratio – All Night Party
EL
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Émile Lépine
Example: Joy Division – Unknown Pleasures
ELA
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by Electrosound Los Angeles
Example: Various – Razormaid Chapter Six: Promotion
ELDO or ELDORADO*
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Manufactured by Eldorado Media*
Link: http://www.eldorado-media.com/index.php?id=1%C3%A2%C5%92%C2%A9=english&lang=english
Example: Corrupted – Nadie
*NOT A MASTERING HOUSE / PRESSING PLANT
ELECTRIC MANDY PARNELL

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Electric Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Mandy Parnell
Link: http://www.electricmastering.com/
Example: Natural Yogurt Band, The – Away With Meloncholy
Elettroformati
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Elettroformati(*)
Location Link: http://www.elettroformati.com
Example: Spartaque – Methamorph / Freshener
(*) Warning: this one exists also as Artist, when it’s credited as Mastering By, Transferred By, etc.
EMIDISC DMM [on Australian pressings]

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered At – EMI Studios, Homebush
Example: Yello – Of Course I’m Lying
EMW
S, H or HS? H, HS
Add a credit: Pressed By – Electrosound Group Midwest, Inc.
Link: none
Example: Misfits – Misfits
ESR
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Elektra Sound Recorders
Example: Sweet Salvation – Sweet Salvation
ESRTD or ESR TD, normally combined with a mastering date (MMDDYY)

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Elektra Sound Recorders
Add a credit: Mastered By – Terry Dunavan
Example: Doors, The – Absolutely Live
et (German Pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Elaton (2)
Example: Curare (2) – Visions And Dreams
ET (UK Pressings) – please see “UK Purchase Tax Codes” below.
EURODISC
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Manufactured By Eurodisc Manufacturing*
Location Link: http://www.euro-disc.co.uk/
Example: Supermammoth – Supermammoth 001
*NOT A MASTERING HOUSE / PRESSING PLANT
EUROPADISK or EDP (in a circle) or EDP (hand etched)

S, H or HS? S, H
Add a company: Pressed by Europadisk
Location Link: http://www.totalsonicmastering.com/europadisk.htm
Example: Steve Lacy – The Way
* Europadisk is defunct
EW
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Erik Wolf
Example: Plugz, The – Better Luck
EW /N*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Eirik W. Wangberg
Example: Paul & Linda McCartney – Ram
*stands for Eirik Wangberg the Norwegian
f or F or FS (only on Greek pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by Fabelsound
Example: Various – 24 Λαϊκά Καράτια
F.A.
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Frank Arkwright
Example: Mira Calix – Ilanga
Finnvox MJ
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Finnvox
Add a credit: Mastered By – Mika Jussila
Location Link: http://www.finnvox.fi/
Example: Babach – Russkaya Vodka
FK (European pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Celebrate Records GmbH
Add a company: Pressed By Celebrate Records GmbH
Add a credit: Mastered By Frank Kirschner
Location Link: http://www.celebrate.de/v3/
Example: Airbourne – Runnin’ Wild
Flo At Le Magnet Mastering

ANOTHER FLOZKI MESSERSCHMITT LE MAGNET MASTER
A FLOZKI -CE MAGNET MASTER
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Le Magnet Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Flo Kaufmann
Location Link: http://www.floka.com/lemagnet.html
Example: Delta Rhythm Section, The – Nassau Strut / King Midnite
FOON MASTERING or FOON

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Foon
Location Link: http://www.foon.be/
Example: Quadrophonia – Quadrophonia
FRANCIS
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Simon Francis
Example: Pop Shuvit – Conversations
FST @ D+M or FST D+M or FST>D+M

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Frederic Stader
Example: TSR – Monkey Suit Party
FSV
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by First Sound & Vision Group Ltd
Location Link: None (defunct)
Example: Sven Dedek – Ohrenbluten
FULLERSOUND MF
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Fullersound
Add a credit: Mastered By – Mike Fuller
Location Link: http://www.fullersound.com/
Example: Dimples Tee – Jealous Fella’s
FULLERSOUND RF
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Fullersound
Add a credit: Mastered By – Rod Fuller
Location Link: http://www.fullersound.com/
Example: Colonel Abrams – Bad Timing
FUTURE DISC
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Future Disc
Location Link: http://www.futurediscsystems.com/index.html
Example: Ready For The World – Ready For The World
—————————————————————————————————————————————-
FRANKFORD WAYNE SECTION
—————————————————————————————————————————————-
FW or F/W + Frankford Recording is written on the label / cover. VERY IMPORTANT!
S, H or HS? S, H
Add a company: Mastered at Frankford/Wayne Recording Labs
Location Link: http://www.oasiscd.com/services/mastering.asp
Example: Karen Young – Hot Shot (see label scan : http://www.discogs.com/viewimages?release=73512 )
FW or F/W or MASTERED AT FRANKFORD WAYNE or F/W + “drawing of an apple”

S, H or HS? S, H
Add a company: Mastered at Frankford/Wayne Mastering Labs
Example: Freeeze* – I.O.U.
F/W cg
S, H or HS? HS
Example: Fallout – Don’t You Wanna Rock
FW DS or FWDS
S, H or HS? H
Example: Big L – Platinum Plus
F/W GSV
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Greg Vaughn
Example: Brutal Truth – Kill Trend Suicide
F/W MJS
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Michael Sarsfield
Example: Beatnuts, The – Reign Of The Tec
F/W NS
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Frankford/Wayne Recording Labs
Add a credit: Mastered By – Nimitr Sarikananda
Example: Archie Bell & The Drells – The Soul City Walk
F/W RCE
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Rick Essig
Example: Stereo People – Beautiful Day EP
F/W + SJR
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Stuart J. Romaine
Example: Roy Ayers Ubiquity – Mystic Voyage
—————————————————————————————————————————————-
FRESHPLATE
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Freddy “Freshplate”
Example: G Men* – The Girl Is Right
Gl (l is a small L)
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Gavin Lurssen
Location Link: http://www.lurssenmastering.com/
Example: DJ Shadow – Excessive Ephemera
G.K. or GK
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Gilbert Kong
Example: Bohannon* – Let’s Start The Dance / Summertime Groove
G. Pauler, G. P. or Dmm G.P.*

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Pauler Acoustics
Add a credit: Mastered By – Günter Pauler
Location Link: http://www.stockfisch-records.de/paulerac/pa_pauler!.html
Example: Inferno (3) – Die Allerletzte …
* When etching is with “Dmm” please note Direct Metal Mastering.
G Murder or G. Murder or G-Murder

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – George Murder
Example: Barakas – Stabilo Bossa
G MURDER @ CUT A GROOVE

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Cut And Groove Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – George Murder
Example: Dennis G – The Narni Shaker
GC
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Greg Calbi
Example: Graham Parker And The Rumour – Mercury Poisoning
G.D. SOUNDCLINIC
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at The Sound Clinic
Add a credit: Mastered By – Graeme Durham
Location Link: http://soundclinic.net/Default.aspx
Example: Various – Funky Alternatives 1
GENGY (Italian pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Gengy
Example: DJ Kraftune – Speedxpress / Woofs
GEO
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – George Ingram
Example: UGK – Stop-N-Go / The Game Belongs To Me
GEOVANNI
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Geovanni
Example: Earl Sixteen – Old Time Music
GEO/NRP or GEO NRP

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Nashville Record Productions
Location Link: http://nashvillerecordproductions.com/
Example: Woody Guthrie – My Dusty Road/ Woody The Agitator
GF
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Greg Fulginiti
Example: Planet P Project – Planet P Project
GF + Stamped picture of two circles with 2 sticks or a drum with 2 drumsticks ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/ArtisanSoundRecorders.jpg )
S, H or HS? H + S
Add a company: Mastered at Artisan Sound Recorders
Add a credit: Mastered By – Greg Fulginiti
Example: Toni Basil – Word Of Mouth
GH
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Greg Henderson (2)
Example: New Order – Movement
GG (UK pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Gedmal Galvanic Ltd.
Location Link: none
Examples: ACR* – I Need Someone Tonite
GG [note: can look like a “JC” or “GC”]

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – George Graves
Example: America (2) – History / America’s Greatest Hits
GG + TLC [note: GG can look like a “JC” or “GC”]

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at The Lacquer Channel
Add a credit: Mastered By – George Graves
Example: Saga (3) – Images At Twilight
GI/NRP or GI NRP (please note the G and I are connected. Image: http://i47.tinypic.com/25u1ffb.jpg )
S, H or HS? H
Example: Byrds, The – Mr. Tambourine Man
GOL or gol
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Goldisc Recording Products, Inc.
Example: Andrea True Connection – Party Line
GOLDEN
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Mastered at Golden Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – John Golden
Example: Mike Patton – Mondo Cane
GOLDEN + GS
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Geoff Sykes
Example: Boss Martians – Boss-O-Nova
GP or Grammoplast
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed by Grammoplast
Location Link: None
Example: Raga Rockers – Blaff
GEORGE – COPYMASTERS
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Copymasters
Add a credit: Mastered By – George Lambert
Example: Unity* – Tru D’Light EP
* Copymasters became Masterpiece
GRAEME
S, H or HS? H
Example: Pablo* – Madeleina
GRAMPIAN
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Grampian Records Ltd., Annan
Location Link: none
Example: Venom (8) – Manitou
GRAZ or GRAZZ THE EXHANGE

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at The Exchange
Location Link: http://www.exchangemastering.co.uk/index.html
Example: Windsor Davies (2) – Blow-Up
Greg@FrankfordWayne.com or F/W GSV or F/W G.S.V.

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Greg Vaughn
Example: Armand Van Helden Feat. Roland Clark – Flowerz
GREG @ MASTERPIECE or Masterpiece Greg
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Greg Moore (4)
Example: Oliver Lieb Presents: Smoked – Metropolis
GriNSEr + MANMADE
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Manmade Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Michelle Grinser
Location Link: http://www.manmademastering.com/manmade_mastering_llc/studio.html
Example: Marcus Meinhardt – Better Not
GRT
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by GRT Corporation
Location Link: http://crtcustomproducts.com/
Example: Symbol 8 – I Thought You Wanted To Dance
* GRT became CRT
GSM or GSM CL
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Glenn Schick Mastering
Add a credit: Lacquer Cut By – Colin Leonard
Location Link: http://www.gsmastering.com/
Example: Alexander Robotnik* vs J.A.N.* – Problems D’amour (Music Institute 20th Anniversary 12″ Series Special Edition)
Guy’s – ELECTRIC
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Electric Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Guy Davie
Location Link: http://www.electricmastering.com/
Example: Little Dragon – Twice Remix EP
GUY’S – THE EXCHANGE or THE EXCHANGE – GD or Guy’s THE EXCHANGE

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Guy Davie
Example: DJ Rush – Get On Up
H (US pressings) Stamped – please see RCA Records Pressing Plant section
H1 ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/H1.jpg )
S, H or HS? HS
Add a company: Mastered at TELDEC-Studio, Hamburg
Add a credit: Mastered By – Peter Harenberg
Example: Secret Service – Ye-Si-Ca
HA ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/HA.jpg )
S, H or HS? HS
Add a company: Mastered at Ham Audio
Example: Avalanche (8) – Wheel Of Fortune
HCB or HC B
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Holland Cutting Room
Add a credit: Mastered By – Maarten De Boer
Location Link: http://www.themasters.nl/
Example: S.O.D.: Stormtroopers Of Death* – Speak English Or Die
*now goes by the name “The Masters”
HCP or HC P
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Patrick Richter
Example: House Of Venus – Dish & Tell
HCT or HC T
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tim (73)
Example: Playboy – In Da Jungle
HDH
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at HDH Sound Studios
Location Link: none
Example: Honey Cone, The* – When Will It End / Take Me With You
Herbie :^) or Herbie Jr. :^) or HP or (smiling face can go the other way) Herbie (^:
S, H or HS? H
Example: Seduction – Breakdown
HERVE@dK
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at DK Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Hervé de Kéroullas
Location Link: http://www.dkmastering.com/
Example: Diva, The – The Diva
Herve @ Translab or RV -TR

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Hervé Bordes
Example: Anakyne – Project: Funk Da World
HFM ‘ (number)
S, H or HS? H
Example: Tevin Campbell – Another Way
HFM cg or The Hit Factory cg ☮ (peace sign)

S, H or HS?
Example: Kid ‘N’ Play – Bounce
HFM J.Y.
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Joe Yannece
Example: Shyne – More Or Less
Hi
S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Joachim Hinsch
Link: http://www.hinsch-audio.de/
Example: Salvatore Freda & Volta / Langenberg – Wild Beach / Ideosami
HIT FACTORY DMS ¢

S, H or HS? H
Example: Yello – The Race
Hit Factory ¢ or H.F. ¢

S, H or HS?
Example: Yello – The Race
HL*
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Optimal Media Production
Add a credit: Mastered By – HL (2)*
Link: http://www.optimal-online.de/
Example: Azzido Da Bass – Dooms Night
*Real name is Heino Leja which has never been seen written out so for now please use HL (2).
Honesty + Calx
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Honesty
Example: Orlando Voorn / Lodig* – The Split
HOVIS
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – HOVIS
Example: Kool And The Gang* – Super Band
HP or H.P. or Dmm H.P.* (German pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Pauler Acoustics
Add a credit: Mastered By – Hendrik Pauler
Location Link: http://www.stockfisch-records.de/paulerac/pa_pauler!.html
Example: Song Of Zarathustra – The Birth Of Tragedy
* When etching is with “Dmm” please note Direct Metal Mastering.
HP F/W or Herb :^) F/W

S, H or HS? H
Example: Robbie Nevil – Back On Holiday (New Mixes)
HRM
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Hauppauge Record Manufacturing Ltd.
Example: Cameo – Talkin’ Out The Side Of Your Neck / She’s Strange (Rap Version)
HTM
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Harry Moss*
Example: Beatles, The – Beatles For Sale
* Note: “Harry Moss cut all the Beatle records up through 1969” according to http://www.stevehoffman.tv/forums/archive/index.php/t-56843.html
HUB or HUB TV
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Hub-Servall Record Mfg. Corp.
Location Link: Defunct with no website
Example: Lead Into Gold – Idiot
HW
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Howie Weinberg
Example: Payola$ – Hammer On A Drum
HW/WSS
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Hank Williams (2)
Example: Jesus Wayne – Jesus Wayne
I (US pressings) Stamped – please see RCA Records Pressing Plant section
IAM* (not to be confused with ‘Triangle with the letters I A M in it’ ( see http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/IAM.jpg )
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at International Automated Media
Location Link: none
Example: Stanley Clarke / Chick Corea / Joe Henderson / Freddie Hubbard / Lenny White – The Griffith Park Collection 2 In Concert
IHJ
S, H or HS? S
Add a credit: Mastered By – Inge Holst Jacobsen
Example: Herodes Falsk – Sex Machine / Monster Dance
Inzadi (looks like “Zli”) [Italian pressings]

S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Marco Inzadi
Example: Pooh – Buona Fortuna
IO@TR or IO/TR or iO.@TRANSLAB

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – IO (7)*
Example: Rype N’ Flob – Into You
*Lionel Nicod alias
IP or I.P. (The “I” looks like a “J”)

Add a company: Pressed By Interpress
Location Link: None
Example: Shannon – Let The Music Play (Special-Remix)
IW
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Iven Walters
Example: Crown Heights Affair, The* – Dreaming A Dream
IW/JR
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Iven Walters
Add a credit: Mastered By – José Rodriguez
J.Y.
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Joe Yannece
Example: Lamya – Empires (Kleinenberg / TKC Remixes)
J. Lambert @ JLM
Add a company: Mastered at Joe Lambert Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Joe Lambert
Location Link: http://www.joelambertmastering.com/
Example: Obits – Moody, Standard And Poor
J. Lemay see MASTERED BY CAPITOL + J. Lemay
J@ TRANSITION or Jason @ Transition

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Transition Mastering Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jason Goz
Location Link: http://www.transition-studios.com/
Example: PD Syndicate – Ruff Like Me (Remixes)
JA (UK/European pressings)
S, H or HS? H, HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jack Adams (2)
Example: Avenue B Boogie Band – Bumper To Bumper
JA (US pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jack Adelman
Example: Weather Girls, The – It’s Raining Men
JA Tape One or Jacko – Tape One or Tape One JA

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jack Adams (2)
Example: Yazoo – Don’t Go
JAMF
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Mastered at J.A.M.F.
Example: Rush – A Farewell To Kings
JC
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jean-Christophe Beaudon
Example: DJ Rhythm – The Urban Lounge EP
JC Masterroom
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Master Room
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jeremy Cooper
Example: Gadjo – So Many Times
JCP
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jean-Claude Pelle
Example: Khatchaturian* – London Symphony Orchestra, The – Gayaneh ‟La Danse Du Sabre” / Spartacus (Dirige Par Le Compositeur)
JD or JON2 or Jonz (UK pressings)

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – John Dent
Example: Hi-Tension – Hi Tension
JDL ( can look like a “Je”) ( image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/JDL_zpsa0cbf021.jpeg )

S, H or HS? H (stylized)
Add a credit: Mastered By – Doug Lawrence (2)
Example: Meatmen – Crippled Children Suck EP
JE/NRP or JE NRP
Add a credit: Mastered By – John Eberle
Example: Various – Flex Your Head
JEZ MASTERROOM
S, H or HS? H
Example: Mother’s Pride – Floribunda 2006
JG♥ [Note the “J” and “G” are combined.] ( image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/JG_zps03e0bce2.jpg )
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Joe Gastwirt
Example: Dial-M* – Time / In This World
JG Masterdisk
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Joe Gastwirt
Example: Ramones – Leave Home
JJ
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – John Johnson (3)
Example: Urbie Green 6-Tet, The* – The Urbie Green 6-Tet
JJ GOLDEN*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – JJ Golden
Example: Andrew Collberg – Dirty Wind + Back On The Shore
*son of John Golden
JL MASTERFONICS
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jim Loyd
Location Link: http://masterfonics.com/
Example: Love Tractor – ‘Til The Cows Come Home
jm
S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – John Matousek
Example: Various – More Songs From The Original Soundtrack Of The Big Chill
John D
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – John Davis (4)
Example: Soul Capsule – Law Of Grace / Meltdown
Jonz @ Loud Mastering or Jonz Loud

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Loud Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – John Dent
Location Link: http://www.loudmastering.com/
Example: Jaye (2) – On My Mind
JP or J.P. – See IP (only on German vinyl from the 70’s until around 1995)
JP (European pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Lacquer Cut By – JP (40)
Example: Kataklysm – Temple Of Knowledge (Kataklysm Part III)
JR MEDIASOUND
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Mediasound
Add a credit: Mastered By – José Rodriguez
Example: Wild Fire (2) – Magic / Put Some More Flavor
JS
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Joe Sidore
Example: Various – Looney Tunes And Merrie Melodies
JS or JSG + KENDUN
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Kendun Recorders
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jim Sintetos
Location Link: http://www.kendunrecorders.com/
Example: Wall Of Voodoo – Wall Of Voodoo
JS + STERLING
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Sterling Sound
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jack Skinner
Example: Crossfire Choir – Canary Song
JS.I.XTAL or JS.XTAL
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Crystal Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jeff Sanders
Location Link: http://www.myspace.com/crystalsoundstudios
Example: Various – Yes L.A.
JT (UK Pressings) – please see “UK Purchase Tax Codes” below.
JW or J.WEBSTER (image of JW: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/R-4829489-1376820466-3865_zps2fe2f7e0.jpeg can look like “LW” or “VW”)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By Joe Webster (2)
Location Link: none
Example: David Bowie – Let’s Dance
JW MCP
S, H or HS? HS
Add a company: Mastered At McClear Place
Location Link: none
Example: Honeydrippers, The – Volume One
K. Bayens
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Kyle Bayens
Example: Gnod – 5th Sun
K.P. or KP
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Ken Perry
Example: Conway Twitty – Conway’s #1 Classics Volume 1
KASAR CALYX
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Kasar
Example: Psychonauts – World Keeps Turning
KDISC or kdisc
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at K Disc Mastering
Location Link: None
Example: Blood Circus – Two Way Street / Six Foot Under
KDISC CH or kdisc CH
S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Carol Hibbs
Location Link: None
Example: Romeo & Master Rhyme* – Crackerjack
KDISC JG or kdisc JG
S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – John Golden
Location Link: None
Example: Basics, The (2) – Run By You
KDISC L or KDISC BL
S, H or HS? KDISC S “L” or “BL” H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bill Lightner
Location Link: None
Example: Voodoo Transmission – Voodoo Fire
KDISC KP
S, H or HS? H
Example: Church, The – Destination
Kendun
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered At – Kendun Recorders
Example: Chanson – Rock Don’t Stop
Kev. (Drum & Bass releases since 2006)

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Kevin King
Example: Supply & Demand – Peace Of Mind (Lemonde Rmx) / Pure And Simple (Marky XRS Rmx)
KEV(UK pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Kevin Metcalfe
Example: Leroy Smart – Propaganda
KEV or “KEV”+ MASTERED BY CAPITOL (US pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Capitol Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Kevin Reeves
Example: Greg Osby – Mr. Gutterman
KEVIN @ SCRATCH FREE

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Kevin Park
Example: Ginuwine – Kadena Remix Vol. 1
KG or K.G. (European pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Kees Grijpink
Example: My Mine – Hypnotic Tango
KG @TCS
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at The Cutting System, Inc.
Add a credit: Mastered By – Kevin Gray
Location Link: defunct but mentioned here: http://www.recordtech.com/atmweb/atmKev.htm
Example: Chris Hillman – Morning Sky
KH MCR Can also look like KIT MCR or ICi MCR

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Master Cutting Room
Add a credit: Mastered By – Kevin Hodge
Location Link: defunct http://wayback.archive.org/web/*/MASTERCUTTINGROOM.COM
Example: 95 North – Chasing My Dreams
Kinetec Mastering or KINETIC MASTERING

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Kinetec Mastering
Location Link: none (defunct in 2003)
Example: Craig Walsh / Terry Mitchell – Missing
KK Mastering
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at KK Mastering Labs, Inc.
Example: J.U.I.C.E. (2) – Night On The Town
KL
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – KL (5)*
Example: Fridge* – Angel
*please note Optimal Media will not release name of mastering engineer.
KLING (please see (indecipherable signature) Looks like (jagged line)K or (jagged line)Kling above)
KM (European pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – KM (5)
Example: Carlos Sánchez & DJ Ray – Dark Or Strings EP
KPG@ATM
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at AcousTech Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Kevin Gray
Location Link: http://www.recordtech.com/lp.htm
Example: Against Me! – Searching For A Former Clarity
K SST or SST K or K and SST

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at SST Brüggemann GmbH
Add a credit: Mastered By – K SST
Location Link: http://www.sst-ffm.de/home.html?&L=1
Example: Die Strafe – Jeanny
KRIS P CUT or Krisp Cut or KRIS P CUTZ

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Lacquer Cut By – Chris Potter
Example: Blue Vegas – Wish You Left
KT (UK Pressings) – please see “UK Purchase Tax Codes” below.
L. Nix + Ardent
Add a company: Mastered at Ardent Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Larry Nix
Location Link: http://ardentstudios.com/facility-tours/mastering/
Example: Amazing Rhythm Aces* – Too Stuffed To Jump
LAWRIE @ CURVE PUSHER or Lawrie @ CURVED

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Lawrie Immersion
Example: Harold Heath – Aretha’s Reign
LB
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Larry Boden
Example: Foxy – Get Off Your Aahh! And Dance
Leermatrize or LEERMATRIZE*
S, H or HS? S S
Example: P. Diddy – Let’s Get Ill (Hell Remix)
*PLEASE NOTE THIS IS NOT A CREDIT. LEERMATRIZE MEANS “EMPTY MATRIX”
Leo or LK or L Kulka + “mastering stamp” [ image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/SACMasteringStamp_zps20ee94cf.jpeg ]

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Sonic Arts
Add a credit: Mastered By – Leo Kulka
Example: Residents, The – Satisfaction
LEON + MASTERED BY STUDIOS 301

S, H or HS? H + S
Add a company: Mastered at EMI Studios 301
Add a credit: Mastered by – Leon Zervos
Location Link: http://www.studios301.com/
Example:
LH
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Lee Hulko
Example: Shirley Scott – Lean On Me
LL + DCT (US pressings from 1964 to 1975) [Image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/IMG_5526.jpg ]

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at DCT Recorders
Add a credit: Mastered By – Lance L. Landon
Location Link: none
Example: Deep Purple – Shades Of Deep Purple
Loop-0 at D&M or Loop-O/D&M or LOOPO/D&M
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Loop-o
Example: Heaven & Earth (4) – Prescription EP
lopsided @ SMS (M an upsided ‘W’ ?)

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Lopsided
Location Link: Now defunct
Example: King Britt Presents Obafunke* – Freedom
Loud or LOUD
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Loud Mastering
Location Link: http://www.loudmastering.com/
Example: Pixies – Death To The Pixies
LR + CR (Swedish pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Lars Rosin
Example: Hellzephyrs Poporkester – Varför Sitter Gamla Kärringar Med Hatten På? / Ta En Kopp På Frelins!
LRS-JP or LRS J/P

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at LRS, Burbank, CA
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jeff Peters
Location Link: none
Example: Dick Rosmini / Hello People – Home Made With Teac
Lt-B-Ⅰ, Lt-B-Ⅱ or Lt-B-Ⅲ ( Image: http://www.discogs.com/viewimages?artist=Heinz+Lauterbach )

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Heinz Lauterbach
Example: Depeche Mode – Master And Servant
Lucky
S, H or HS? HS
Add a company: Lacquer cut at: Lucky Lacquers
Location Link: http://www.luckylacquers.com/
Example: Black God (2) – Black God
LW or LWP*
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Longwear Plating
Location Link: none
Example: Booker T. & The MG’s* – Doin’ Our Thing
*made metal parts for lacquers like Sheffield Lab Matrix
LXC // R.A.N.D.
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at R.A.N.D. Muzik
Add a credit: Mastered By – LXC
Location Link: http://www.randmuzik.de/
Example: Handbag/Abba – First Blood
LYN
S, H or HS? H
Location Link: None
Example: Kreisler String Orchestra – 226
LZ*
S, H or HS? H H
Example: Rockmelons* – Tales Of The City
* waiting for confirmation from Leon
LZ ABSOLUTE AUDIO
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Leon Zervos
Example: 4th Measure Men – 4 You
m3 mastering
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at M3 Mastering
Location Link: http://www.myspace.com/m3mastering
Example: Anthony Rother – Back Home
M3 or M6 or M9
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By Pathé Marconi, Chatou (only between 1951 until end of 1971)
Add a company: Pressed By Pathé Marconi EMI, Chatou (only between 1972 until February 1990)
Location Link: none
Example: Beatles, The – Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band (Pathé Marconi, Chatou example)
Example: New Order – Brotherhood (Pathé Marconi EMI, Chatou example)
M.C [signature] (not obvious at first sight)

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Custom Mastering Inc.
Add a credit: Mastered By M.C. Rather
Location Link: http://web.archive.org/web/20081228042654/http://www.custommastering.com/
Example: Tycho (3) – Past Is Prologue (Sampler)
M.M.M.J.R. or MMMJR or Metropolis Mastering Chicago M.J.R.

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Metropolis Mastering, Ltd
Add a credit: Mastered By – Mark Richardson (3)
Example: Sade – Haunt Me
MANDY @ THE EXCHANGE or MANDY THE EXCHANGE

S, H or HS?
Example: VL – Two Tone
MANDY BLACK SALOON

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Black Saloon Studios
Location Link: http://www.blacksaloonstudios.com/Blacksaloon%20Home%20.html
Example: Blue Roses (2) – I Am Leaving
MARTIN @ C.T.S or MARTIN AT www.cts-lansdowne.co.uk

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Martin Giles
Location Link: http://www.cts-lansdowne.co.uk
Example: Ray Hurley – Ride The Storm
MARTIN @ ALCHEMY SOHO or MG – ALCHEMY SOHO

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastering at Alchemy Mastering
Location Link: http://www.alchemysoho.com/
Example: Aaron Spectre – Say More Fire
MASTER CONTROL or MC
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Master Control, Nashville
Example: Rex Allen Jr. – Teardrops In My Heart
Mastercraft HC or M HC
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Mastercraft
Add a credit: Mastered By – Howard Craft
Location Link: none
Example: Staple Singers, The – The Staple Swingers
Mastercraft P.R.
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Mastercraft
Add a credit: Mastered By – Paul Richmond (2)
Location Link: none
Example: Johnnie Taylor – Friday Night / Steal Away
MASTERDISK
S, H or HS? S
Example: Zero Hour – The Dark Side
MASTERDISK AD
S, H or HS? S + H
Location Link: http://masterdisk.com/en/engineer/alex-deturk
Example: OFF! – Live At Generation Records
MASTERDISK BK
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bill Kipper
Example: Laurie Anderson – O Superman
MASTERDISK DC
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Dave Crawford (2)
Example: Lester Young – Mean To Me
MASTERDISK G.K.
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Gilbert Kong
Example: Jam, The – I Need You (For Someone)
MASTERDISK HW
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Howie Weinberg
Example: Journey – Don’t Stop Believin’
MASTERDISK JD
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jean Dyer
Example: Nathaniel Merriweather Presents Lovage – Music To Make Love To Your Old Lady By
MASTERDISK JL
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jeremy Lubsey
Example: Amanda Palmer & The Grand Theft Orchestra – Theatre Is Evil
MASTERDISK RL
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bob Ludwig
Example: INXS – Original Sin
MASTERDISK TD
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tony Dawsey
Example: Showbiz & A.G. – Runaway Slave
Mastered at Abbey Rd or mastered at ‘Abbey Road’

S, H or HS?
Example: Knack, The (3) – Get The Knack
MASTERED BY CAPITOL + E (image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/E_zpsbc1555cb.jpeg )

S, H or HS? S + HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Eddy Schreyer
Location Link: http://capitolmastering.com/index.cfm?page=home
Example: Various – When Men Were Men… And Sheep Were Scared
MASTERED BY CAPITOL Gene or gene

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Gene Thompson
Example: Weirdos* – Who? What? When? Where? Why?
MASTERED BY CAPITOL + J. Lemay

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – John Lemay
Example: Church, The – The Unguarded Moment
MASTERED BY CAPITOL Jay Luck or Jay

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jay Maynard
Example: Reflections, The – Gift Wrap My Love
MASTERED BY CAPITOL KP
S, H or HS?
Example: Devo – Snowball / Freedom Of Choice
MASTERED BY CAPITOL ML or MASTERED BY CAPITOL + ML

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Maurice Long (2)
Example: Nat ‘King’ Cole And His Trio* – After Midnight
MASTERED BY CAPITOL Wally or Wly

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Wally Traugott
Example: Shelia (2) – Sensations
Mastered by Pgold
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Paul Gold
Example: Rapture, The – House Of Jealous Lovers
Mastered by SNB*
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – SNB
Example: Quando Quango – Love Tempo Remix
*Studio-Nord-Bremen (not to be confused with the Canadian Mastering Studio Disques SNB Ltée.)
MASTERED BY TRUTONE + CR + date [m/yy]

S, H or HS? H
Location Link: http://www.trutonemastering.com
Example: Suburban Boyz – Insane
Mastered by Trutone + RJ
S, H or HS? H
Example: Chris Connelly – Stowaway
Mastered by Trutone SR ###*

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Steve Robb (2)
Example: Waylon Jennings – The Dark Side Of Fame / The One And Only
* The numbers following the initials stand for month/year
MASTERED BY TRUTONE p.a.###* or MASTERED BY TRUTONE p@ ###* or MASTERED BY TRUTONE PA ###

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Phil Austin
Example: Intense (2) – Let The Rain Come Down
Mastered By Trutone – pa-pf###*

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Phil Austin & Patti Firrincili
Example: Mickey Oliver – In-Ten-Si-T
MASTERED BY Y-MIXX
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Y-Mixx
Add a company: Mastered at Y-Mixx Mastering
Location Link: http://www.ymixx.com/
Example: Strawberry Lime Soda – Get Away
* Stefan Prayudha is listed in the Real Name field because he is the only Mastering Engineer (since the beginning.)
MASTERED ON COPPER (Australian pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a note: Cut direct-to-copper stampers*
Explanation Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_metal_mastering
Example: Queen – A Kind Of Magic
* This is a technique for cutting vinyl not a mastering house nor pressing plant
MATT @ MATTCOLTONMASTERING.COM
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Matt Colton Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Matt Colton
Location Link: Unknown (Mattcoltonmastering.com is no more)
Example: Bass Junkie – Comply EP1
MATT ALCHEMY
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastering at Alchemy Mastering
Location Link: http://www.alchemysoho.com/
Example: Radio Slave – No Sleep (Part Four)
MATT OPTIMUM or OPTIMISED

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Optimum Mastering
Location Link: http://www.myspace.com/optimummastering
Example: Milton Jackson – Tech Neeks
MATT @ AIR or MATT C @ AIR

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Air Mastering
Location Link: http://www.airstudiosmastering.com/
Example: Trus’me* – Bail Me Out
MAX or mA
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By [Metalwork] – Maxwell Anandappa
Example: New Order – True Faith (Remix)
*MAX was not a cutting engineer, he was responsible for the metalwork – the metal master, positive and stamper which are grown following the electro-plating of the master lacquer.
Maxicut At 301 Otto

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Studios 301
Add a credit: Mastered By – Otto Ruiter
Example: Durutti Column, The – The Return Of The Durutti Column
Maxicut GH or Studios 301 GH or Maxicut at Studios 301 by GH

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Studios 301
Example: A Certain Ratio – The Double Twelve Inch
MB (French pressings)
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Mathieu Berthet
Example: Laidback Luke – Hot Hot Hotter
MB with CTS (UK pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Mike Brown (3)
Location Link: http://www.cts-lansdowne.co.uk/default.htm
Example: Acen – Window In The Sky Parts One & Two
MCA + LB
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at MCA Whitney Recording Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By – Larry Boden
Location Link: none
Example: Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra, The* – Battlestar Galactica Original Soundtrack
MCA/SH
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at MCA Whitney Recording Studios
Add a credit: Mastered By – Steve Hall
Location Link: none
Example: Fixx, The – Shuttered Room
McM
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Ron McMaster
Example: Hiroko – My Love’s Waiting
MCP-JW or MCP JW
S, H or HS? HS
Add a company: Mastered At McClear Place
Location Link: none
Example: Yello – I Love You
Mcrds
S, H or HS? HS
Location Link: http://www.mastercuttingroom.com/
Example: DJ Duke Presents Freedom Featuring Lee Smith Jr. – Love Don’t Come Easy
MCR + Joe (looks like SRE : see second image here: http://www.discogs.com/viewimages?artist=Joe+Brescio )
S, H or HS? H + HS
Add a credit: Mastered by – Joe Brescio
Location Link: http://wayback.archive.org/web/*/MASTERCUTTINGROOM.COM
Example: Iggy Pop – Soldier
MCR – RCE
S, H or HS?
Location Link: http://www.mastercuttingroom.com/
Example: Roots, The w/ Alechia James* – Work
MEDIA
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At – Mediasound
MEL/cts*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – MELYS (2)
Location Link: http://www.cts-lansdowne.co.uk/
Example: Status Quo – The Wanderer
* Alias of Melvyn Abrahams
MELYS or MELS or MEL or MELO or MELVS or MELVYNS*

S, H or HS?
Example: Rubettes, The – I Can Do It
MELYS IBC
S, H or HS?
Location Link: http://www.ibcstudio.co.uk/index.html
Example: Status Quo – Rain
MELLY + DAVE’S I.B.C.

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Dave Tucker (4)
Location Link: http://www.ibcstudio.co.uk/
Example: Manfred Mann’s Earth Band – Nightingales & Bombers
MIAMI TAPE
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Mastered at Miami Tape Inc.
Location Link: http://www.miami-tape.com/
Example: Model 500 – No UFO’s
MIKE @ MASTERPIECE
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Mike Palmer
Example: DND Productions* Presents Daniel Bedingfield – Gotta Get Thru This
MIKE @ THE EXCHANGE or Mike @ The Exchange or MIKE’S ™ – THE EXCHANGE

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Mike Marsh
Example: Kick Syndicate, The – Speaker Freak E.P.
MILES
S, H or HS?
Example: Frou Frou – Breathe In (Mr Roque Mixes)
MILES MASTERPIECE or MASTERPIECE MILES

S, H or HS?
Example: Da Mighty Dub Katz* – Ghetto Girl / Work It Work It
MJFX
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Mika Jussila
Example: Think-Tank – The Temple Anthem
MK
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – MK (11)*
Example: SM-Trax – Show Me Something Special
*please note Optimal Media will not release name of mastering engineer.
MJS
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Michael Sarsfield
Example: Jazz Documents – Secret Code
ML + MAHU (Norwegian pressings)

S, H or HS? H + S
Add a company: Mastered at Masterhuset
Add a credit: Mastered By – Morten Lund
Location Link: none
Example: Raga Rockers – Party / Gatelangs
ML + NMP (Norwegian pressings)

S, H or HS? H + S
Add a company: Mastered at Norsk Musikkproduksjon
Add a credit: Mastered By – Morten Lund
Location Link: none
Example: Holy Toy – Mickey Mouse
MLG
S, H or HS?
Example: Inevitech* – Reform EP
MMP VINYL
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed By Master Media Productions
Location Link: http://www.master-media.net/
Example: Fucked Up – Bruises
MPO
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed By MPO
Location Link: http://www.mpo.fr/
Example: Cam (2) – Mug / Mellowman
* MPO = Moulages et Plastiques de l’Ouest
MR
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Marc Regan
Example: Leana (2) – Dance With A Stranger (Part II)
MR (In a circle) or in early recordings a “Δ” Delta* ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/MR.jpg )

S, H or HS? S, H
Add a company: Pressed by Monarch Record Mfg. Co.
Example: Ray Charles – Renaissance
* See http://www.45rpmrecords.com/date_monarch.php for Delta #’s and years
MS
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Mark Santangelo
Example: Jane’s Addiction – The Great Escape Artist
MS KM
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At KM Records Inc.
Add a credit: Mastered By – Michele Stone
Location Link: none
Example: Makoto Horiuchi – Makoto
MT (UK Pressings) (if between Jan 1st 1963 and June 1963 see MT Tax code below)
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at – Musitech
Add a note: Stamper/metalwork by Musitech, High Wycombe.
Example: Minny Pops – Secret Story
* For now please use Mastered At until a Metalworks LCCN credit comes.
MT (UK Pressings) – please see “UK Purchase Tax Codes” below.
MTV (Finnish pressings)

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed At – MTV (2)
Location Link: none
Example: Aspö-Erik, Brunskärs-Maja & Korpo Spelmanslag – Folkmusik Från Finlands Svenskbygden 5
MT410 or MT 410 or M.T. 410 (on Greek pressings)

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed by G.P.I. S.A.
Example: Γιώργος Μαργαρίτης – Όχι Πισωγυρίσματα
Music House or Musichouse

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Music House (4)
Location Link: http://www.myspace.com/musichouserecordingstudio
Example: Ellis Dee, DJ Krome & Mr Time* – Free The Feeling / Drum Thunder
MVS + number (ex: MVS1, MVS2 etc.) or MVSS + number (ex: MVSS1, MVSS2 etc.)*
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By MVS (Record Pressing) Ltd.
Location Link: None [defunct]
Example: Stockholm Monsters, The* – Alma Mater
*seen on a variety of Factory and Mute Records releases.
MZ
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Momchil Zanev
Example: Dusty Springfield – Dusty In Memphis
NAWEED
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Naweed Ahmed
Example: Harmony (4) And Carmen Reece – Hey Lover (MJ Cole Remixes)
NEIL – MASSIVE MASTERS

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Massive Masters
Add a credit: Mastered By – Neil Devine
Location Link: http://www.myspace.com/massivemasters
Example: Current Value – Tunnel Vision / End Of Days
Neil – Masterpiece or Neil Masterpiece

S, H or HS?
Example: Total Science – Freak Me / Sophisticated Bitch
NEIL MASTERROOM
S, H or HS? H
Example: Phobia (8) – Is It True / Focus
Nick or Nick’s cut! or NICKZ

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Nick Webb
Example: Kraftwerk – Tour De France (Remix)
Nick W
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Nick Webb
Example: Eddie Henderson – Cyclops
NIX MIX TOWNHOUSE

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Engineer – Nick Launay*
Example: Virgin Prunes – Pagan Lovesong
* Please note this is NOT a mastering credit. Nick answered my email confirming this is just a engineer credit.
NOEL
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Noel Summerville
NP/DG The Exchange

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By: Nilesh Patel & Guy Davie
Location Link: http://www.exchangemastering.co.uk/
Example: Kills, The – Midnight Boom
NRP
S, H or HS? H
Example: Nas – Illmatic
NS
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Noel Summerville
Example: Cut Hands – Black Mamba
NSC (can also look like NSO or NSe & it can be in a circle)
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at National Sound Corporation
Location Link: None
Example: Sounders Department – Cosmopolitan
*National Sound Corporation (NSC) is now called US Mastering Sound Enterprise Detroit
NT (UK Pressings) – please see “UK Purchase Tax Codes” below.
OR/CR or CR/OR
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By Olle Ramm
Location Link: http://www.cuttingroom.se/
Example: Digital Game – I’m Your Boogie Man (Remixed Version) / With & Without
OASIS DISC MASTERING

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Oasis Mastering
Location Link: http://www.oasismastering.com
Example: Vega (16) – No Dough
ORLAKE or OR or O
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Orlake Records
Location Link: Unknown (was http://www.orlakerecords.co.uk/ )
Example: John Tejada – Little Green Lights And Four Inch Faders
OT (UK Pressings) – please see “UK Purchase Tax Codes” below.
Otto or OR
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Otto Ruiter
Example: Joy Division – Unknown Pleasures
PAG
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By [Metalwork] – PAG
Example: Higsons, The – Push Out The Boat
PAUL-VP
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at VP Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Paul Shields
Example: Various – Nine Night
-PAULS:CUTZ-
PAULS PHAT CUTZ
PAUL S @ PORKY’S
Paul S @ Porky’s
PAUL’S @ PORKYS
Paul’s @ Porkys
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Paul Solomons
Location Link: None.
Example: Gyrokid – Rainfall / Detonator
PAUL’S THE EXCHANGE or Pauls’ The Exchange

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Paul Solomons
Example: Eon – Inner Mind / Spice (The Remixes) (spread out on 2 sides)
P.B.*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Pat Burnette
Example: Blasters, The – The Blasters
*usually connected to Quad Teck
PB [on Australian releases]

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Paul Bryant (2)
Example: Yello – Of Course I’m Lying
PCMJR
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Prairie Cat Mastering
Location Link: http://www.prairiecatmastering.com/
Example: Blank Dogs – Waiting
PD
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Peter Dahl
Example: Magnum Bonum – Hög Hatt Och Låga Skor
PDO
S, H or HS? S
Add a credit: Pressed By – PDO, France
Example: Yello Featuring Shirley Bassey – The Rhythm Divine
PD-CR or PD/CR
S, H or HS?
Example: Freda’ – Vindarna
PD-POLAR
S, H or HS?
Example: Sound Of Music (2) – Self Erection
PEACHY ABBEY RD
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Peachy (2)
Example: Basement Jaxx – Take Me Back To Your House
PEACHY TOWNHOUSE
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Peachy (2)
Location Link: none
Example: Prodigy, The – Always Outnumbered, Never Outgunned
PECKO or PECKO DUCK

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – George Peckham
Example: Paul McCartney – Another Day
Pellé
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jean-Claude Pelle
Example: Bela Bartok* – Michel Beroff* – Pièces Pour Piano
Penthouse SRZ
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at The Penthouse
Add a credit: Mastered By – Steve Rooke
Example: Neworder* – Round&round
Pete @ Finyl Tweek

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Finyl Tweek
Add a credit: Mastered By – Pete Norman
Location Link: http://www.finyltweek.com/
Example: Runaway – The Poltergeist
Pete Helffrich
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Pete Helffrich
Example: Bartok*, Gyorgy Sandor* – Piano Music, Volume I (Mikrokosmos)
PF
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Tonstudio Pfanz
Add a credit: Mastered By – G. F. Pfanz
Location Link: http://www.branchen-info.net/hamburg/ton-film-und-videostudios/tonstudio-pfanz-gmbh_744698.php (couldn’t locate any direct website)
Example: Straight Shooter – 5
PGOLD + SALT
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Salt Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Paul Gold
Location Link: http://www.saltmastering.com/home.htm
Example: Grizzly Bear – Knife
Phoenix of Vinyl Ltd. UK.

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed By Phoenix Of Vinyl Ltd.
Location Link: http://www.phoenixofvinyl.com/
Example: Mungo’s Hi Fi* / Itchy Robot – Fire Pon A Dubplate / Playback
PIB·CR
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At Cutting Room
Add a credit: Mastered By – Peter In de Betou
Example: Dr. Alban – Hello Afrika (The Album)
Piero (Italian pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Piero Mannucci
Example: Jethro Tull – Stand Up
PINO (Italian pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Pino Vicari
Example: Airbus, The* – I’m On Fire
PIPO NYC or PIPO

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Pipo (4)
Example: Jestofunk – Stellar Funk / Be A Warrior (Lazarro Shoes / Bourbon Street Remixes)
PiPo W.S.S.
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Westside Sound
Add a credit: Mastered By – Pipo (4)
Location Link: http://www.myspace.com/westsidesoundmastering
Example: Various – The Men On Wax Volume II
PIRATE PRESS*
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Manufactured By Pirates Press
Location Link: http://www.piratespress.com/
Example: Gogol Bordello – Immigraniada
* From the profile page: “please see the GZ Digital Media page for instructions on when to add a credit for that company – if there is a GZ Digital Media matrix number on the record, a
Pressed By credit will need to be added.”
PLG LHaudio.com
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at LH Audio Services
Add a credit: Mastered By – Oliver Lieb*
Location Link: http://www.lhaudio.com/
Example: Cirkel – Cirkel
* using plugin mastering
PN ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/PN.jpg )
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Pete Norman
Example: Various – V
POLAR
S, H or HS?
Example: Electric Boys – All Lips N’ Hips / Electrified / Get Nasty
POLDARK
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – POLDARK*
Example: Ian Page (5) – Tucking Up The Love
*Alias of Ian Cooper
pole
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Pole
Example: Dis Go Dis Way – 1210 ‘ernachbauweitwurfcontest
POLYGRAM or POLYGRAM I.M. (Only valid for French pressings between 1979 and 1986)
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By PRS, Louviers
Location Link: none
Example: Various – MM Vinyl Conflict 1
POM TR
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Pompon Finkelstein
Example: Luxima – Surfin’ On A Silverwave
POUNDA TA1PE or POUNDA TAIPZ (Can be misread as BUNDA, due to the O being located under the P)
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Pounda
Example: Thunderthumbs And The Toetsenman – Freedom
POUNDA UTOPIA (Can be misread as BUNDA, due to the O being located under the P)
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Utopia Studios
Example: Beatmasters, The With Merlin – Who’s In The House
POUNDA CURMASTER PEACHY COPYMASTERS (Can be misread as BUNDA, due to the O being located under the P)
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Copymasters*
Example: Gary Clail On-U Sound System* – Human Nature
* Copymasters became Masterpiece
PP
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by – Plastic Products
Location Link: none
Example: Led Zeppelin – Over The Hills And Far Away
PR or (PR) (US pressings)*

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by – Presswell
Example: ABBA – Dancing Queen
* please see PRC below to make sure it’s not a PRC Recording Company, Richmond, IN pressing.
PRC or PRC-R or PR*

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by – PRC Recording Company, Richmond, IN
Example: Debbie Taylor – I Don’t Wanna Leave You
* sometimes the etching will be just “PR” on earlier releases. Please see the profile page for help identifying them. Otherwise you could have a Presswell pressing.
PRC-C or PRC-W
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by – PRC Recording Company, Compton, CA
Example: Scorpions – Rock You Like A Hurricane
PRECISION J
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Precision Lacquer
Add a credit: Mastered By Jay Willis
Location Link: http://www.precisionmastering.com
Example: Hugh Cornwell – Wolf
PRECISION SM or PRECISION LACQUER SM

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Precision Lacquer
Add a credit: Mastered By – Stephen Marcussen
Location Link: http://www.precisionmastering.com/index.htm
Example: New Order – Low-life
PRECISION TD
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tim Dennen
Location Link: http://www.precisionmastering.com/index.htm
Example: Siouxsie And The Banshees* – Kiss Them For Me
*PRESSED AT SOUND MAKERS,*N.J.

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By Sound Makers
Location Link: none
Example: UTFO – Leader Of The Pack
PRL
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Pressed By – Precision Records Labs Limited
Location Link: None
Example: Duane And Co.* – Hardcore Jazz
PROTOTYPE MASTERING dave or dave PROTOKUT
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Prototype Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – David Green
Location Link: http://www.myspace.com/prototypemastering
Example: Outside Agency, The – Un Titre En Francais Intensement Profond Et Compliqué Que Vous Ne Comprendrez Jamais
PR- + an additional letter. (Ex: E, M, R, G, P)*

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By P.R. Records Limited
Example: Shades Of Rhythm – Extacy Remix
* The additional letters stand for Metalworkers. Currently unknown.
PRT
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at PRT Studios
PS
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Paul Stubblebine
Example: New Order – Power, Corruption & Lies
PS/CR
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Peter Strindberg
Example: Annie Anner – Night In The City
PS-VP
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Paul Shields
Example: House Of Gypsies – Samba Remixes (The Steve Cole Unreleased Mixes)
PT (UK Pressings) – please see “UK Purchase Tax Codes” below.
Pü-B-Ⅰ, Pü-B-Ⅱ or Pü-B-Ⅲ ( Image: http://www.discogs.com/viewimages?artist=Carsten+P%C3%BCschel )

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Carsten Püschel
Example: Erasure – Ship Of Fools
PV (Italian pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Pino Vicari
Example: Edgar Allan Poe* – Jaws (Music From The Original Motion Picture) – Main Title / End Title
Qu or Q or (Q)(Canadian pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Quality Records Limited
Location Link: none
Example: Durutti Column, The – LC
———————————————————————————————–
QCA Section
QCA
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Mastered At QCA Custom Pressing
Add a company: Pressed By QCA Custom Pressing
Location Link: http://go-qca.com/index.html
Example: Mr. Lee & Kompany – Shoot Your Best Shot
QCA + DK
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a credit: Mastered By Donnie Kraft
Example: Screeching Weasel – Punkhouse
QCA + JB
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a credit: Mastered By Jim Bosken
Example: Lou Miami & The Kozmetix – Fascist Lover
QCA + KM
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a credit: Mastered By Ken Martin (4)
Example: Starfire (6) – Dancing And Singing For You
QCA + RS
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a credit: Mastered By Roger Seibel
Example: Erector Set – Inside Out / No Room For Comfort
QCA + TD
S, H or HS? S + H
Add a credit: Mastered By Todd Deasey
Example: Big Black – Lungs
———————————————————————————————–
R (US pressings) Stamped – please see RCA Records Pressing Plant section
r @ D&M (squiggly lower case ‘r’) or (r in a circle) at D&M

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Rashad Becker
Example: Dabrye Feat. Jay Dee And Phat Kat – Game Over
R. Simpson (can appear to read R.Singer or R.S[unreadable]) (Image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/Rsimpson_zps1bb903d8.jpeg )

S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By Richard Simpson
Example: Divine Sounds – What People Do For Money
R/S Alsdorf
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Record Service GmbH*
Location Link: http://www.cinram.de/de/
Example: AC/DC – Highway To Hell
Rand or ☮ (peace sign) by RAND

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at R.A.N.D. Muzik
Location Link: http://www.randmuzik.de/
Example: Sanomat – Duck Hunt EP
Rashad
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Rashad Becker
Example: Der Zyklus – Der Tonimpulstest
RAYS
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Ray Staff
Example: Adrian Sherwood – Never Trust A Hippy
RAZEL
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – RAZEL (2)
Example: Billy Cobham – Crosswinds
RB Precision
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Ron Boustead
Location Link: http://www.precisionmastering.com/engineers-ron.htm
Example: Foo Fighters – Exhausted
———————————————————————————————————————————————————
RCA Records Pressing Plant section: Please note the symbols should not be applied to non-US releases unless there is distinct evidence.
———————————————————————————————————————————————————
H (image: http://www.discogs.com/viewimages?label=RCA+Records+Pressing+Plant%2C+Hollywood )
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed by RCA Records Pressing Plant, Hollywood
Example: Creedence Clearwater Revival – Bayou Country
R
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed by RCA Records Pressing Plant, Rockaway
Example: Elvis Presley – Elvis’ Christmas Album
I
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed by RCA Records Pressing Plant, Indianapolis
Example: Shawn Phillips (2) – Transcendence
———————————————————————————————————————————————————
RCK + Bellsound
S, H or HS? H + S
Add a credit: Mastered By – Robin C. Kruse
Location Link: none
Example: James Cotton Band, The – 100% Cotton
Recordpressing.com
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Recordpressing.com
Location Link: http://www.recordpressing.com/
Example: Crucified, The – The Pillars Of Humanity
REM
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at R.E.M. Sound
Location Link: http://www.remsound.com/
Example: Madvillain – Madvillainy “2” Aka The Madlib Remix
*Rick is the only Mastering Engineer @ REM.
REM – RCE
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at R.E.M. Sound
Location Link: http://www.remsound.com/
Example: LOL Boys – < / 3
REVERSE or REVERSE PRIME CUT or REVERSE-PRIMECUT

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Reverse-Primecut
Location Link: http://www.reverse-primecut.com
Example: La Peste & Helius Zhamiq – Spanking Sounds Better With You
RFS/MC
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Master Control, Nashville
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bob Sowell
Location Link: none
Example: Earl Scruggs Revue, The* – Bold And New
RFS/WSS
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bob Sowell
Location Link: none
Example: Dynamic Corvettes – Funky Music Is The Thing
RG
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Rob Grenell
Example: Buffalo Springfield – Retrospective – The Best Of Buffalo Springfield
RJ or Janos
S, H or HS?
Example: Venus Starr – Ms. Sassy, Frassy, Classy
RJ STERLING
S, H or HS?
Location Link: http://www.sterling-sound.com/
Example: Shawnna – Posted / R.P.M.
RJL (UK pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Richard Langham
Example: Al Haig Trio – Invitation
RM
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Ron McMaster
Example: A Perfect Circle – Thirteenth Step
RME
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Reiner Erhard
Example: Curt Cress – Avanti
RML or R.M.L. or RMLoVerde

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Rob LoVerde
Example: Billy Joel – Piano Man
RR (US releases from 1961 to 1966)

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by Richmond Record Pressings, Inc.
Location Link: none
Example: Smothers Brothers – Aesop’s Fables The Smothers Brothers Way
RS (the R is slightly elevated over the S)

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Richard Simpson Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Richard Simpson
Location Link: http://richardsimpson.vpweb.com/default.html
Example: DBX – Rare And Unreleased
R.SO. or SONDEREGGER
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Rico Sonderegger
Example: El Deux – Gletscher (Disco-Mix)
RT (UK Pressings) – please see “UK Purchase Tax Codes” below.
RUKIE (Dancehall, Reggae releases)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered by Rukie
Example: Macka Diamond – Hoolla Hoop
S or S-I
S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Gerhard Schulze
Example: Los Bravos – Black Is Black / Bring A Little Lovin’
S-II
S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Karl Schick
Example: Middle Of The Road – Chirpy Chirpy Cheep Cheep
S.M. M.J.R.
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Session Masters
Example: Adrienne Ferlita – Jack Of Clubs
SA (UK pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Steve Angel
Example: Lene Lovich – Lucky Number
SAC
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Sonic Arts
Location Link: none
Example: Beltram* Presents Odyssey Nine – Forklift / Drama 20
SAE MASTERING
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Mastered At SAE Mastering
Location Link: http://www.saemastering.com/
Example: Zero Boys – Vicious Circle
Sam@Curve Pusher
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Sam John
Location Link: http://curvedpressings.com/production-technical-info/production-of-a-record/#Mastering
Example: Patrik Skoog vs. A. Johansson & M. Fridell* – Alliance III
Sam – Precise Mastering

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Precise Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Sam John
Location Link: http://www.precisemastering.com/
Example: Doctor P – Sweet Shop / Gargoyles
Schneid-Werke + ⍫ ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/runout.jpg )
S, H, or HS? H
Add a company: Lacquer Cut at Schneid-Werke
Location Link: http://www.tool-house.com/
Example: Seamus Haji – Last Night A DJ Saved My Life
SCIENCE (Image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/Science.jpg )

S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Science (19)
Example: Sinewave (3) – Sinewave
Sean Abbey rd i…i or SEAN ABBEY

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Sean Magee
Example: Tristan – Audiodrome
sf/atl. or AT/sf
S, H, or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – Sam Feldman
Location Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Studios
Example: Company B – Fascinated
SGAM
S, H, or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Aardvark Record Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Stephen Ganser (2)
Location Link: http://www.aardvarkmastering.com/
Example: Decrepitaph / Eternal Solstice – Paradise In Decomposition / Brutal Awakening
SG. or S.G.
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By Steve Guy
Location Link: none
Example: Beach Boys, The – 15 Big Ones
Shane – the cutteR (Graffiti Style; The “h” looks more like a “t”) or SHANE
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Shane McEnhill
Example: Session Victim – Left The Building
SHANETHECUTTER @ FINYLTWEEK.COM
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Finyl Tweek
Location Link: http://www.finyltweek.com/
Example: Reso (2) – Temjin
Shane @ Heathmans or SHANE! HEATHMANS UK

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Heathmans Mastering
Location Link: http://www.myspace.com/heathmansmastering
Example: Kalafut & Fygle – Novocaine
Sheldon
S, H, or HS? S (in cursive)
Add a company: Mastered at Sheldon (2)
Location Link: none (but is referenced here: http://www.anorakscorner.com/PressingPlantInfo.html )
Example: Chuck Berry – Anthony Boy
SI MASTERPIECE or SI Masterpiece
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Simon Francis
Location Link: http://www.masterpiece.net/
Example: Earth Deuley – Decomposition / Four Dimensions
S.D – THE EXCHANGE

SIMON „NEW SHOOS“ DAVEY – THE EXCHANGE
SIMON „HOOVER POWER“ DAVEY – THE EXCHANGE
SIMON „NIGHT NURSE“ DAVEY – THE EXCHANGE
SIMON – THE EXCHANGE or EXCHANGE 2000 – SIMON
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Simon Davey
Example: Dead Dred – Dred Bass
SH + MASTERDISK
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Scott Hull (2)
Example: Sting – The Best Of 25 Years
SHANE@T2T or SH@NE@T2T or SMC@T2T

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Tape To Tape*
Location Link: http://www.myspace.com/heathmansmastering
Example: Shola Ama – Imagine
*Tape To Tape changed its name to Heathmans Mastering according to https://www.prsformusic.com/creators/news/mmagazine/m21/songstreet/Pages/songstreet.aspx
SIMON’N’MIKE THE EXCHANGE

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Simon Davey
Example: Massive Attack – Karmacoma EP
SJR + F/W
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Stuart J. Romaine
Example: Roy Ayers Ubiquity – Mystic Voyage
SLM △
S, H or HS? S, H
Add a company: Mastered at Sheffield Lab Matrix
Add a note: “SLM △” in the runout etching indicates that the lacquer disc was processed at, and the metal parts used to manufacture the record were made at Sheffield Lab Matrix.
Location Link: None
Example: Dial-M* – Modern Day Love / House Of Joy
SMC or Shane
S, H or HS?
Example: Presslab* – Electrobeat / Automa2
SMK
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by Sound Makers
Location Link: none
Example: Billy Nichols – Diamond Ring
SNA
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed by SNA
Location Link: http://www.snadisc.com
Example: Trotskids – 4 Fois En 10 Minutes !!…
SnB or SNB* (Canadian pressings only)

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Sabin Brunet*
Example: Beau Dommage – Où Est Passée La Noce?
*The sign SNB in the dead wax of records after 1977 does not mean the records were mastered or cut by Brunet but rather that they were mastered/cut at SNB Mastering.
SnB or SNB* (Canadian pressings only) & sometimes with 230
S, H or HS?
Location Link: http://www.snbmastering.com/ (website down)
Example: Bananarama – Venus (The Fire & Brimstone Mix)
*Post 1978 [see previous entry]
** The number 230 was a code, only use at SNB, for one major record company to prevent piracy. If “230” wasn’t written on the lacquer along with the catalogue number the mastering
would not have been done at SNB (for only that one record label) The record label is Polygram (note: they distributed Factory in Canada)
SnB + EL (Canadian pressings only) [Image: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/EL_zps94b7d692.jpeg ]

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Émile Lépine
Location Link: http://www.snbmastering.com/ (website down)
Example: Yello – Oh Yeah
SNB or Mastered at SNB

S, H, or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Studio-Nord-Bremen
Location Link: http://www.studio-nord-bremen.de/
Example: John Acquaviva – Soul / At Midnight
SON
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Sonic Recording Products, Inc.
Example: Dennis Coffey – Goin’ For Myself
SONDEREGGER
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Rico Sonderegger
Example: El Deux – Gletscher (Disco-Mix)
Sound Clinic or SOUND CLINIC

S, H or HS?
Example: Tom Tom Club – Wordy Rappinghood
SOUND CLINIC GRAEME or Sound Clinic, Graeme or GRAEME-SOUND CLINIC

S, H or HS?
Example: Joy Division – Transmission
SOUNDMASTERS
S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Mastered at The Soundmasters
Location Link: http://www.soundmasters.co.uk/
Example: Queens Of The Stone Age – Songs For The Deaf
SPGII
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Stan Getz II
Examples: DJ Pawn – 23H56M Of Solar Time
Spiderman
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Spiderman (2)
Examples: Agrovators* Meets Revolutioners, The* – At Channel One Studios (Instrumental)
SPIKE or SPIKEY’S*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Spike (62)
Example: Rockers All Stars – Pablo Meets Mr. Bassie
* An alias of Mark Stent
Spiridioni or Spiry or Spyry (Italian pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered by Marcello Spiridioni
Example: Natasha* – AM-FM (Rap)
SR or SR/2 or SR2
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Stan Ricker
Example: Frank Zappa – Joe’s Garage Act I
SR 2 @ SRM or SR/2 @ SRM
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Stan Ricker Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Stan Ricker
Location Link: http://www.rickermaster.com/
Example: Black Keys, The – Attack & Release
SRC (Large S with the R and C in the loops)

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed By Specialty Records Corporation
Location Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WEA_Manufacturing
Example: Kings, The – Switchin’ To Glide
* Owned by WEA MFG. Vinyl production was discontinued January 01 2002.
SRT
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By SRT
Location Link: http://www.soundrecordingtechnology.co.uk/
Example: Flag Of Convenience – New House
SRZ or SRz
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Steve Rooke
Example: Graham Parker – The Mona Lisa’s Sister
SS (US pressings)
S, H or HS? H
Example: James Gang, The* – Yer’ Album
SS. or .SS.* (UK pressings)

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Sterling Sound Limited
Location Link: None found (but believe them to be http://www.companiesintheuk.co.uk/ltd/sterling-sound & http://www.yelp.com/map/sterling-sound-london )
Example: Paragons, The – The Original Paragons
*not related to Sterling Sound [NY] and is not a mastering credit but the vinyl was processed / metalwork was done by the company.
SSC
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Schnittecht
Add a credit: Mastered By – Heiko Günther
Location Link: http://www.schnittecht.de/
Example: Kryptic Universe – Ha – Lo EP
SST
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – SST (8)
Example: Ricky King – Verde
SST-H ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/SSTh.jpg )
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – SST-H
Example: Marshall Masters – Stereo Murder (The Cold Rush Remixes)
SST M & S*
S, H or HS? H H
Add a credit: Mastered By – SST (8)
Example: EA80 – Schweinegott
* According to Daniel from SST: “The cut for EA80 had been ordered by a fabrication service company named Master&Servant in Hamburg, and they requested us to cut M&S additionally.”
THERE IS NO NEED TO CREDIT MASTER & SERVANT.
SST MW ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/MW.jpg )
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – SST MW
Example: Christian Smith – Pitanga
STERLING
S, H or HS? S, H
Example: Lenny Kravitz – Freedom Train / My Precious Love
STERLING LH
S, H or HS? S, H
Add a credit: Mastered by – Lee Hulko
Example: Cat Stevens – Mona Bone Jakon
STERLING RKS
S, H or HS? S, H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Ryan Smith (2)
Example: Paul Simon – Graceland
STERLING RL
S, H or HS? S, H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Bob Ludwig
Example: Wilson Pickett – Pickett In The Pocket
STERLING TJ
S, H or HS? S, H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Ted Jensen
Example: Art Of Noise, The – In Visible Silence
STM + TLC
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Scott Murley
Example: Les Rita Mitsouko – Marc & Robert
STRAWBERRY UK or STRAWBERRY
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Strawberry Mastering
Location Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strawberry_Studios
Example: Olivia Newton-John – Magic
* mastering occurred there from 1978 to its closing in 1983.
STREAKY @ eMasters
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at eMasters
Add a credit: Mastered By – Streaky
Location Link: http://emasters.co.uk/
Example: Various – The Big Picture Album EP Part Two
STREAKY @ SOUNDMASTERS
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at The Soundmasters
Add a credit: Mastered By – Streaky
Location Link: http://www.soundmasters.co.uk/
Example: Different Gear – Pop Idle
Stu.
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Stuart Hawkes
Example: Aaliyah / Jamiroquai – Try Again / Deeper (Drum & Bass Remixes)
Stu. @ Masterpiece
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Stuart Hawkes
Location Link: http://www.masterpiece.net/
Example: Alliance, The* / Spinback & Gwange* – Legendary Volume 4
SUNSHINE – FRANK or
SUNSHINE FRANKIE “T”
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Sunshine Sound (4)
Add a credit: Mastered By – Frank Trimarco
Location Link: none
Examples: Harleqiun Four’s* – Set It Off (for Frank) or Prioritee – Who Is He (for Frankie “T”)
Tα(T + Greek lowercase alpha)
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Toolex Alpha
Location Link: none
Example: Buggles, The – The Age Of Plastic
TA1PE
S, H or HS? H
Location Link: none available
Example: Tears For Fears – The Hurting
TC
S, H or HS?
Example: November Group – November Group
TD @ Masterfonics
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tommy Dorsey (2)
Location Link: http://masterfonics.com/
Example: Delarosa* – Sleep Method Suite
TERRY NEWMAN + 2 digit year

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Terry Newman
Example: Twinkle Brothers, The* – Love
THE EXCHANGE
S, H or HS? H
Example: Kills, The – Satellite
THE EXCHANGE – M.M./N.P.

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Nilesh Patel
Example: Pure Wildness – Ain’t No Use
THE EXCHANGE – NILZ or NILZ – THE EXCHANGE

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Nilesh Patel
Example: Unknown Artist – Untitled
Tigger@Scratch Free*
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tigger (2)
Location Link: http://web.archive.org/web/20051223155818/http://www.scratchfree.ca/
Example: Moonstarr / Cold Mission – The Blue Night Network LP Volume 1
*Alias of Alex Fodi
Tim B.
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tim Burrell
Example: Peter Tosh / Winston Wright / Destroyers, The – Here Comes The Judge
TIM BURRELL @ Townhouse

S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tim Burrell
Example: Various – Work Your Soul – Jamaican 60s & Northern 1966-74
Tim D.
S, H or HS?
Example: DNA (2) – Dance With Somebody / Never Give Up
Tim D. Masterpiece
S, H or HS?
Example: Mr Toizio – Breath Taking
TIM DEBNEY
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Fluid Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tim Debney
Location Link: http://www.fluidmastering.com/
Example: Super Furry Animals – Hey Venus!
TIMMION CUTTING
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Lacquer Cut At Timmion Cutting
Location Link: http://www.timmion.com/cutting/
Example: Echo Roots – Earth Rocking
TimTom
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tim Young
Example: Julian Cope – Try Try Try 4 Track E.P.
TimTim-cbs or TimTom CBS

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at CBS Studios
Example: RAH Band – Questions (What You Gonna Do)
Tippy – Hit Factory

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tony “Tippy” Tarochione
Example: Chemical Brothers, The – It Began In Afrika
TLC
S, H or HS?
Location Link: http://www.lacquerchannel.com
Example: Moev – Alibis
TML*
TML-M* [ http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/TMLM.jpg ]
TML-S*
TML-X*
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at The Mastering Lab
Location Link: http://www.themasteringlab.com/
Example: Supertramp – It’s Raining Again
* The letter after the dash indicates which lathe was used (M = Master, S = Slave, X = Extra)
tone ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/Tone.jpg )
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tony Bridge
Example: Neon (19) – Making Waves / Me I See In You
TOOLHOUSE DC or TOOLHOUSE
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Toolhouse Studios
Add a credit: Mastered by – Toolhouse Studios
Example: Hypetraxx – The Darkside
TOOLHOUSE-DC Djamil
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Toolhouse Studios
Add a credit: Mastered by – Djamil Mehtieff
Example: Isaac Spayes – Caleidoskank 1.2
TOWNHOUSE or TOWN HOUSE or Townhouse

S, H or HS? S, H
Example: Belinda Carlisle – Circle In The Sand
Townhouse Max
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Max Dingel
Example: Frank Zappa – Broadway The Hard Way
tph@schnittstelle or tph at schnittstelle

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Schnittstelle (2)
Add a credit: Mastered By Thomas P. Heckmann
Location Link: http://www.schnittstelle.ws/Schnittstelle_-_Vinylschnitt_%26_Mastering.html
Example: Rondenion – Love Bound EP
Transfermation
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Transfermation
Location Link: http://www.metropolis-group.co.uk/
Example: Deviation – Hammond Song
*Transfermation is now Metropolis
TRANSITION or Transition
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Transition Mastering Studios
Location Link: http://www.transition-studios.com/
Example: FX (2) – Power / Shockwave
Trutone Mastering NYC Carl or Trutone NYC Carl

S, H or HS?
Example: Various – Jak X
Trutone NY – PA or Trutone Pa ###*

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Phil Austin
Example: Sugarhill Gang – Rapper’s Delight
TVS *
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed By The Vinyl Specialist Company Ltd.
Location Link: http://www.thevinylspecialist.co.uk/
Example: Jesu – Heart Ache
*TVS sometimes outsources to GZ Digital Media. Please check runout string against GZ Digital Media profile. In this case a Manufactured By credit can be used.
ty Hit Factory
S, H or HS?
Example: Dimples D – Resucker DJ
TY or TY1 or TY 2
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By Tim Young
Examples: New Order – Confusion
TYN
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – TYN
Example: Briggs & Lievense – Breakdown
*Real name unknown so far
————————————————————————————————————————————–
UK Purchase Tax Codes
Date introduced:
Dec 30th 1950 AT

Apr 15th 1953 NT
Oct 27th 1955 RT
June 1st 1957 XT
Oct 1st 1958 UT
Apr 8th 1959 ET
Aug 1st 1960 WT
July 26th 1961 OT
Apr 10th 1962 ZT
Nov 26th 1962 PT
Jan 1st 1963 MT
July 1st 1963 KT (*the KT code can still be present on some UK EMI labels releases up until 1975)
Nov 23rd 1968 JT
Apr 1st 1973 – Purchase tax replaced by VAT
————————————————————————————————————————————–
ULTIMIX MASTERING
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Ultimix Mastering
Location Link: none
Example: Shreadheads – Shreadheads
UT (UK Pressings) – please see “UK Purchase Tax Codes” above.
Utopia or “U” (drawn as a lyre symbol) topia or just a drawing of a lyre

S, H or HS? H
Example: Nick Straker – Must You Dance
UTOPIA MS or “U” (drawn as a lyre) topia MS

S, H or HS?
Example: Liaz – House Sensation (Kevin “Master Reese” Saunderson Mix)
VAN GELDER or RVG

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Rudy Van Gelder
Example: Deodato* – Also Sprach Zarathustra (2001) / Spirit Of Summer
Vlado
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Vlado Meller
Example: Culture Beat Featuring Lana E. And Jay Supreme – I Like You
VP-CM
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Chris Mann (3)
Example: Various – Joe Gibbs Revive 45’s Vol. II
VPI (usually followed by a date [YY MM])

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By VPI
Example: DJ B.Cult* – B.Cult
Wakefield Pressing (also see “A “W” over an “M” stamp” above)

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By Wakefield Manufacturing
Example: Various – Animals
Wally C. @ Masterpiece or Wally C. @ Masterpiece Mastering

S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Walter Coelho
Example: DJ Disciple Feat. Dawn Tallman – Work It Out
WG/NRP
Add a credit: Mastered By – Wes Garland
Example: Night Marchers, The – Scene Report
WJH LHaudio.com or WJH at LH audio

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at LH Audio Services
Add a credit: Mastered By – Jörg Henze
Example: Cirkel – Cirkel
WMM/CJIII
Add a company: Mastered at Well Made Music
Add a credit: Mastered by Clint Holley*
Location Link: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Well-Made-Music-LLC/225601734125300
Example: George Benson – Inspiration, A Tribute To Nat King Cole
*Clinton J. Holley III
WMME Alsdorf
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed By Warner Music Manufacturing Europe*
Location Link: http://www.cinram.de/
Example: Unknown Artist – Untitled
* They are now called Cinram GmbH
WS-CS
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Westside Sound
Add a credit: Mastered by Chris Scott (2)
Example: Royce The 5’9″* – I’m The King / Take His Life
WSS
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At Woodland Studios
Location Link: none
Example: Various – Superstars
WT (UK Pressings) – please see “UK Purchase Tax Codes” above.
WWW.AGRM.CO.UK*
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By AGR Manufacturing
Location Link: http://www.agrm.co.uk/
Example: Circle – Taantumus
*AGR Manufacturing sometimes outsources to GZ Digital Media. Please check runout string against GZ Digital Media profile. In this case a Manufactured By credit can be used.
WWW.COMPLETEMASTERING.COM
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Complete Mastering
Location Link: http://www.completemastering.com/
Example: Boris The Spyder – The Mission
www.cts-lansdowne.co.uk
S, H or HS?
Location Link: http://www.cts-lansdowne.co.uk/default.htm
Example: Ray Hurley – Ride The Storm
www.gzvinyl.com
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed By www.gzvinyl.com
Location Link: http://www.gzvinyl.com/vinyl-27/
Example: Fever Fever – Keys In The Bowl / Stage Shoes
*based on ruling here: http://www.discogs.com/help/forums/topic/332342
www.mastercut.eu
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Mastercut.eu
Location Link: http://www.mastercut.eu
Example: Ron Flatter – Zecada EP
www.mobineko.com
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Pressed By Mobineko Multimedia
Location Link: http://www.mobineko.com/
Example: Tim Holehouse – From The Dawn Chorus
XAVIER + CHOPSTICK
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Chopstick Dubplate
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tim Xavier
Location Link: http://www.myspace.com/chopstickdubplates
Example: Outside Agency, The – Motherfucking Ants
XAVIER + MANMADE
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Manmade Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Tim Xavier
Location Link: http://www.manmademastering.com/manmade_mastering_llc/studio.html
Example: Tester / Twinhooker & Paulie Walnuts – Dancehall Murdah / Buck Up Competition (VIP Mix)
XT (UK Pressings) – please see “UK Purchase Tax Codes” above.
YANN DUB @ ANGSTROM or YANN @ ANGSTROM

S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Ångström Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Yann Dub
Location Link: http://www.angstrom-mastering.com/
Example: Trill Bass* – Trillitary Mind EP
Yann Dub @ DK
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at DK Mastering
Add a credit: Mastered By – Yann Dub
Location Link: http://www.dkmastering.com/
Example: Broken Note – Fueling The Fire EP
Y.D.
S, H or HS?
Add a credit: Mastered By – Yves Delaunay
Example: Nicolas De Angelis – Quelques Notes Pour Anna
·Z· or -Z- or z
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered At Lyntone
Add a credit: Mastered By [Metalworker]- Francis DeSouza
Location Link: none
Example: New Order – Perfect Kiss
Zli – see Inzadi above.
ZT (UK Pressings) – please see “UK Purchase Tax Codes” above.

Permalink
_kerry over 2 years ago
_kerry edited 11 months ago
List of marks mentioned with name but does not exist on Discogs yet:
@cul Mastered By – Robert Henke

a Flo Kaufmann mastering at Vinylium.ch ????? (not sure what this one looks like yet)
“Soundmaster” Lionel @ Translab, Paris Mastered By – Lionel Nicod at Translab, Paris
Doug Mastered By – Doug Sax
FTS Mastered at Federal Recording Studios, Kingston * Mastered at Federal Recording Studios in Kingston, ‘TS’ = Total Sounds
Gordon at the Townhouse Mastered By – Gordon Vicary at Townhouse Studios, London
JVO at Vinylium.ch Mastered By – Jvo Studer (not in DB yet)
KIP or KIPPER Mastered By – Howard Thompson (not in Discogs?)
Noel @ Transfermation Mastered By – Noel Summerville at Transfermation
Pete @ Tape To Tape Mastered By – Pete Norman at Tape To Tape
PF Possibly mastered at Pathé Frères Studio, France. Please check to see if you have a German made vinyl – if so then it is G. F. Pfanz @ Tonstudio Pfanz. Currently unknown if Pathé
mastered vinyl.
Ray at The Exchange Mastered By – Ray Staff at The Exchange, Camden
Res at stratozoo Mastered By – Res Kaufmann (not in DB yet)
RM (australian 80s releases) Mastered By – ( Possibly Richard Mott )
SMIKE Mastered By – Mike Brown (3) (Mike said it was a pseudonym he used @ PYE.)
Tim Dixon Masterpiece or tim dixon masterpiece Mastered By – Tony Dixon at Masterpiece
TLC + PD Mastered By – Phil Demetro Mastered At The Lacquer Channel.
WR (australian 80s releases) Mastered By – William ‘Bill’ Ramsay (name not in DB yet)
If you own or have found a runout with any of the marks on the list, please provide the link and it will be moved to the Master List.
Thank you!
Permalink
_kerry edited 10 months ago
Unknown List with examples:
“house with a squiggly line (smoke) coming out of the top” on Cockpit!* – Hair Of The Dog [picture: http://img815.imageshack.us/img815/4717/20120210.jpg ]
“face with pointy ears” on Spoons – Arias & Symphonies, Wall Of Voodoo – Dark Continent (pic: http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b206/midi1sod/pointearface_zps85e18f95.jpg )
“Looks like slanted roof with two slashes over it” on ??? (pic: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/Slanterdroof_zpsfc5fb6f0.jpg )
◎—–◎ on Canadian releases (most likely a pressing plant.) Ex: Free – Heartbreaker
“a combination of 3 letters” J F C possibly? on Chris G.O.T.T.I.* – Love Or Hate Me (pic: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/JFC_zps60c2588f.jpeg )
“winged A” on QX-1 – On A Journey (pic: http://tinypic.com/r/fnzggy/5 )
“a triangle with a horizontal line through it” on Atlee – Flying A Head
“a ‘tt’ or an ‘H’ ” – [only Canadian releases from the 60’s] on Hank Ballard And The Midnighters* – Finger Poppin’ Time, Johnny Horton – North To Alaska / The Mansion You Stole, Eddie
Harris – Exodus (pic: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/H.jpeg )
§ (interlocking “S’s) on QX-1 – On A Journey (pic: http://tinypic.com/r/fnzggy/5 )
“0” on Canadian CBS releases. Ex: Aerosmith – Live! Bootleg
[3d] Triangle image [image = http://i46.tinypic.com/j0btad.jpg .] Ex: Scott Wozniak – I’m Not Gonna Let
“cursive side ways f” Hugo Friedhofer – One Eyed Jacks
“p” in a circle ?????
#Jeff ?????
ADAM Tata Box Inhibitors – Plasmids (Part Two)
BH [not Bones Howe (confirmed) and probably not Bobby Hata due to timeframe]. Ex: Dinah Washington And Brook Benton – The Two Of Us
CHRIS JOHNS Kraftwerk – Kraftwerk
CP Joy Division – Still
C-P + JC New Order – Movement, Black Sabbath – Black Sabbath Vol. 4
CR New Order – Movement
CUTM with AYRE Echo Minott – Lazy Body Original
DAVE PHAT CUTS Kinky Riba – I Am The DJ
DX- T.O. [image = http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/dx_zps00e3eaf3.jpeg ] (possibly “DX – 76”.) Ex: Beatles, The – Twist And Shout
Eck or EcK War – All Day Music, Marv Johnson – (You’ve Got To) Move Two Mountains / Come To Me, Dr. John – Hollywood Be Thy Name, Roy Wood – Forever / Woodbe (found earliest
on a vinyl from 1957 http://www.popsike.com/LOUIS-SMITH-HERE-COMES-1957-BLUE-NOTE-1584-MONO-DG-LP/110540129084.html )
EN Private Eyes – Isn’t It So
EW (most likely a pressing plant) Zen – June, Love Revolution – Give It To Me Baby, Elton John And Kiki Dee / Kiki Dee – Don’t Go Breaking My Heart / I Got The Music In Me
Hi, GW, Fa, Ht on old German RCA releases mostly from the 50s.
Fa = Glenn Miller And His Orchestra – Johnson Rag / Elmer’s Tune
Hi = Harry Belafonte – Belafonte Sings The Blues
(both have SW)
GW = Friedel Hensch Mit Horst Wende Tanz-Solisten – Aber Der Nowak Läßt Mich Nicht Verkommen
Ht = Benny Goodman – One O’Clock Jump (also has Hi)
Gery, Gerry, Gerry-O, Gerry .O. & [drawing of a stickman] Gerry (Irish releases) Boomtown Rats, The – The Elephants Graveyard (Guilty), Pablogad* – Beggarman’s Child, Major Thinkers,
The – The Major Thinkers
HR Axework – Axework
I on top of an “E” in script [image = http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/IE_zpsa384ff0d.jpg ] Ex: Joan Armatrading – Back To The Night
IANC (Hand-etched) + RD (Hand-etched, script) on Joe Jackson – Breaking Us In Two (Could be IANC = Ian Cooper + RD?)
JA DERYN + NATS+JAMIE on DJ Wickaman & Hoodlum* – Death By Stereo / Ring Of Fire, Escade – Shuffle Royal, D-Bridge – Original World / Tradition, Alpha Omega – Feedback (Back
2 Basics Remix) / My Nation (please note JA = Jack Adams (2) – I emailed him a few times with no response)
JB & the etch (leaf, diamond ring, apple) on Pat Metheny – Bright Size Life, Pat Metheny – New Chautauqua, Pat Metheny Group – American Garage, Various – Music With 58 Musicians,
Volume One (images: http://www.discogs.com/viewimages?release=2136572 )
JM Joy Division – Still
JSI on late 70s French releases (not a pressing plant.) Ex: Richard Ace – Stayin’ Alive / If I Can’t Have You, Eagles – Please Come Home For Christmas
KM on Consumed – Hit For Six & Less Than Jake – Borders & Boundaries (not KM (5)) [side note: emails were sent to Fat Wreck Chords but never received a response]
-LA on Rolling Stones, The – Goats Head Soup. Pressing plant most likely.
Lee BaS Eric Dolphy – Iron Man
LP on Swedish vinyl?
MG on Doctor’s Cat – Watch Out! [side note – Italian pressings only. Suggested it might be Maurizio Giannotti. Currently housed here: MG (22) with images
http://www.discogs.com/viewimages?artist=MG+%2822%29 ]
MR (UK releases) Joy Division – Substance (seems to be also called Mikey)
MR (US releases & not Marc Regan) Laura Nyro – New York Tendaberry ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/mr-1.jpg )
NKE (letters combined) Show Of Hands – Formerly Anthrax (pic: http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b206/midi1sod/NKE_zpsa84c9d74.jpeg )
NRP H.M ( http://www.servimg.com/image_preview.php?i=24&u=12711269 ) Glam – Hell’s Party
ONEIL BARNETT Capleton – Tour, Junior Mervin* – Police & Thief (maybe has something to do with Derrick Barnett ??? )
P (AP) Art Of Noise, The with Max Headroom – Paranoimia, Jack McDuff* – The Honeydripper
Phil Faith No More – We Care A Lot, Yazz And The Plastic Population – The Only Way Is Up
PR HARBIE on Various – Bill & Ted (OST) (side note: possibly a metalworker at P.R. Records Limited ??)
“Ⓡ2B” – the r is a capital R inside an incomplete circle similar to this “@”. on Faith No More – Falling To Pieces.
RICO + MPI (Mexican releases) on Thompson Twins – In The Name Of Love, Jam, The – 30 Años De Musica Rock Salvat – In The City, Padre Abraham* / Los Pitufos – Ring, Ring,
Genesis – Abacab, Manfred Mann’s Earth Band – Corredor (Runner) & Motörhead – Another Perfect Day.
RG-The Hit Factory (research here: http://www.discogs.com/help/forums/topic/324904?page=22#3339059 .) Ex: N2U Featuring Jermaine Dupri – Baby Mama Love, Babbletron – SpecialFX
/ Broke Down / I Need To Be
Rmm – DSC – PABO Ashanti Waugh – Hot The Dance Get Hot
SOUNDWAVE on László Kürti – Transylvanian Wedding Music(1983), Nick “Non Stop” – Jack My Body(1987), Aggressively Intense Fierce MC – A New King Has Sprung / Living
Large(1987)
SS & BV on Xcerts, The – Just Go Home / Aberdeen 1987, Midnight Circus, The – Complicated, Pigeon Detectives, The – Romantic Type, Polly Paulusma – The Woods
ST (backwards “S”) on Ian Hunter – Ian Hunter [Picture: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/R-3332382-1347300487-2706.jpg ]
T over VC – A (most likely a pressing plant.) Ex: Eric Clapton / Jack Bruce / Ginger Baker – The Early Cream Of Eric Clapton, Jack Bruce & Ginger Baker, Jimi Hendrix – Jimi Hendrix, Eric
Clapton and Yardbirds, The – Eric Clapton And The Yardbirds
TBH or TDH or TPH on Pat Metheny Group – Offramp [Picture: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/TBHTDHTPH_zps9c42310e.jpeg ]
THT Wake, The – Of The Matter (looks to be a stamper/metalwork/manufacturing company in the UK)
WC (stamped) on Cal Tjader – In A Latin Bag & Gil Evans – The Individualism Of Gil Evans (Picture: http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/WC_zps8be59fbd.jpeg )
ZDT on Lou Reed – Sally Can’t Dance & Temptations, The – Touch Me
Australian 3 or 4 digit sub-section (maybe related?)

————————————————————————————————
B2A on Happy Mondays – Judge Fudge / Staying Alive, Kalima – Shine On (with a B2B)
R2A on Happy Mondays – Loose Fit
U2Aor URA? on Faith No More – From Out Of Nowhere Englandneworder* – World In Motion…, Happy Mondays – Kinky Afro Remix, Revenge – Pineapple Face, Happy Mondays – Kinky
Groovy Afro (Euromix).
W2A on Happy Mondays – Loose Fix
@2A on Melissa Etheridge – Like The Way I Do
CR2A on Proclaimers, The – I’m Gonna Be (500 Miles)
M2A on Metallica – Enter Sandman
P2A on Thompson Twins – Into The Gap (Includes Bonus Album Of Extended Remixes) (& P2B)
®2A on ???
————————————————————————————————
If you have uncovered the name / place of the marking above please let the forum know and it will be moved to the MASTER LIST once an example is found. Otherwise it will be moved to
the “List of marks mentioned with name but does not exist on Discogs yet” list.
Thank you!
Permalink
_kerry edited over 2 years ago
I did my best linking the new LCCN fields with the list (even creating a slew of new company pages) but I understand there is still a lot of condensing going on in the DB. If you see that a
company credit has disappeared please let me know. Thanks
Permalink
djindio over 2 years ago
djindio edited over 2 years ago
_kerry
OP or QP Jam & Spoon Feat. Plavka – Angel (Ladadi O-Heyo)
…i though that one was solved… well here ya go: it’s actually just a poorly carved ‘DP’ for Disco Press
Example
http://www.discogs.com/Thunderball-Thunderdance/release/46143
(edit: changed my example, with Disco Press on the label AND DP in the etching)
Permalink
djindio
…i though that one was solved… well here ya go: it’s actually just a poorly carved ‘DP’ for Disco Press
Removed – thanks
Permalink
ChampionJames over 2 years ago
Andre@Topmaster – Topmaster link is dead.
(P.S. Cheers on the new version, _kerry!)

Permalink
ChampionJames
Andre@Topmaster – Topmaster link is dead.
Looks like it was changed to Top Master – fixed now. Thanks ChampionJames
Permalink
_kerry
PR-E (variation of PR-M or PR-P?) Shades Of Rhythm – Extacy Remix
PR-M (Pressing Plant?) Speshal K – Sing Hallelujah, SunKings – Klunk Klik Beloved, The – Celebrate Your Life C OF E* – Church Of Extacy (Remixes)
PR-P (a variation on the one above?) Hypnotist, The – Rainbows In The Sky (Remix)
PR-E / PR-M / PR-P on UK vinyls equals Pinnacle Records / Pinnacle (3) pressing plant (or maybe there former pressing plant into the 90’s?):
http://www.discogs.com/viewimages?release=1703995
EDIT: added Pinnacle (3)

Permalink
djindio
PR-E / PR-M / PR-P on UK vinyls equals Pinnacle Records pressing plant (or maybe there former pressing plant into the 90’s?):
Wish I could read http://www.discogs.com/image/R-1703995-1238073576.jpeg better. This needs some more research but you might be onto something.
Permalink
^I remembered having a Vinyl Solution test pressing with a similar info sheet, testpress of this one:
http://www.discogs.com/Eon-Infinity/release/41130
^Don’t know if I still own it, could be in storage back in California if I still do own it.
Permalink
_kerry
Wish I could read http://www.discogs.com/image/R-1703995-1238073576.jpeg better.
I can read most of it, what part do you want transcribed?

Permalink
Hi again _kerry,
Noticed that some of the “Mastered At” instructions you’ve listed actually link to artist pages instead of company pages. I’m pretty sure it’s been ruled that we can’t give “at” credits to artists,
only to companies. The following entries give “at” credits pointing to artist pages:
B.E C.R or B.E-C.R

BA-CR or BA•CR
G. Pauler, G. P. or Dmm G.P.*

H.P. or Dmm H.P.*
GREG @ MASTERPIECE or Masterpiece Greg
MASTERED BY Y-MIXX
TOOLHOUSE DC or TOOLHOUSE
TOOLHOUSE-DC Djamil
Hope that makes sense, let me know if otherwise, cheers.

Permalink
Wegi over 2 years ago
J. Lambert @ JLM
MASTERDISK AD
Permalink
maxxyme over 2 years ago
_kerry
KM
S, H or HS?
Add a company: Mastered at Celebrate Records
Example: Kryptic Universe – Ha – Lo EP
I think there’s a problem with the release used as example: it doesn’t contain “KM”!
Permalink
sebfact over 2 years ago
Excellent work – Again!!
Remarks:
_kerry
Maxicut GH or Studios 301 GH or Maxicut at Studios 301 by GH
I would start with GH because it also appears without the studio name or the mastering technique (see New Order – Movement)
_kerry
U2Aor URA? on
Could also be B2A (Happy Mondays – Judge Fudge / Staying Alive), B2B (Kalima – Shine On), R2A (Happy Mondays – Loose Fit), W2A (Happy Mondays – Loose Fix).
Missing information:
THT – UK vinyl/stamper/metalwork manufacturing company? See Wake, The – Of The Matter
Australian mastering engineers CP (Joy Division – Still), CR (New Order – Movement), JM (Joy Division – Still), MR (Joy Division – Substance – seems to be also called Mikey). I think all of
them worked in EMI’s Homebush plant near Sydney, except MR who worked for CBS in Artarmon.
Permalink
ChampionJames
Noticed that some of the “Mastered At” instructions you’ve listed actually link to artist pages instead of company pages. I’m pretty sure it’s been ruled that we can’t give “at” credits to artists,
only to companies. The following entries give “at” credits pointing to artist pages:
Ahh I see what you mean.
The following have been fixed:

B.E C.R or B.E-C.R Cutting Room
BA-CR or BA•CR Cutting Room
G. Pauler, G. P. or Dmm G.P.* Pauler Acoustics

H.P. or Dmm H.P.* Pauler Acoustics
GREG @ MASTERPIECE or Masterpiece Greg masterpiece
MASTERED BY Y-MIXX Y-Mixx Mastering (had to create this one)
TOOLHOUSE DC or TOOLHOUSE Toolhouse Studios

TOOLHOUSE-DC Djamil Toolhouse Studios
Thanks ChampionJames
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djindio
I can read most of it, what part do you want transcribed?
Under “Special Instructions.”

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Added:
J. Lambert @ JLM
MASTERDISK AD
Nice find Wegi

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maxxyme
I think there’s a problem with the release used as example: it doesn’t contain “KM”!
I can see how that might be a problem =)
Updated:
KM
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Celebrate Records
Example: Carlos Sánchez & DJ Ray – Dark Or Strings EP
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sebfact
I would start with GH because it also appears without the studio name or the mastering technique (see New Order – Movement)
To make it even easier I will add a separate listing.
Added:
GH
S, H or HS?
Example: New Order – Movement
sebfact
Could also be B2A (Happy Mondays – Judge Fudge / Staying Alive), B2B (Kalima – Shine On), R2A (Happy Mondays – Loose Fit), W2A (Happy Mondays – Loose Fix).
Added a sub-section for all the Australian 3-digit etchings that might be related.
sebfact
THT – UK vinyl/stamper/metalwork manufacturing company? See Wake, The – Of The Matter
Australian mastering engineers CP (Joy Division – Still), CR (New Order – Movement), JM (Joy Division – Still), MR (Joy Division – Substance – seems to be also called Mikey). I think all of
them worked in EMI’s Homebush plant near Sydney, except MR who worked for CBS in Artarmon.
All added to list 3 “Unknown List with examples.” Thanks!

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A “list 2” example finally found…
Added:
AZ CB
Add a company: Mastered at Allen Zentz Mastering Company
Location Link: None
Example: Cameo – Find My Way
Edit: list #
Another one!
CP @ SMS Mastered By – Chris Potter at Sony Studios, Whitfield Street, London
CP @ SMS
S, H or HS? H
Location Link: none
Example: Rob Mello Featuring Cecile* – Fantasize
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Another one off the Unknown List with examples
JEZ MASTERROOM Mother’s Pride – Floribunda 2006
I wrote an email to Jeremy and he responded:

Hi Kerry
Yes that’s me.
Kind regards
Jeremy
www.soundtrap.co.uk
Added:
JEZ MASTERROOM
S, H or HS? H
Example: Mother’s Pride – Floribunda 2006
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_kerry
Under “Special Instructions.”
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS:
PREVIOUS STUPIDS RELEASE: WAS STUPID
GOT TO NUMBER ONE IN THE ??? CHART AND NUMBER FIVE

IN THE SPOTLIGHT CHART (SOUNDS MUSIC WEEK)
Can’t read the ??? part.
EDIT:removed “Do You Really Have To?” text as it’s just a track title hanging over into the next box from the previous text.
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_kerry
MASTERED BY Y-MIXX Y-Mixx Mastering (had to create this one)
Hate to nitpick but I think you’ve got this entry switched the wrong way around… should be
Add a credit: Mastered By – Y-Mixx

Add a company: Mastered at Y-Mixx Mastering
no?
Cheers for all the work here, _kerry.

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_kerry
This needs some more research but you might be onto something.
Don’t know if this is reliable (internet and all…), but found this yesterday: http://orpington-history.org/article2.htm
Pinnacle Records – Had a huge production factory on Sevenoaks Way where the current JD Sports is. In the 1960’s and 1970’s they were a massive producer of vinyl for a number of the
biggest music distributors. It became a record label in its own right but could not sustain output and in the late 1980’sized down and relocated to Swanley.
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ChampionJames
Hate to nitpick but I think you’ve got this entry switched the wrong way around… should be
D’oh… fixed now! Thanks

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djindio
Can’t read the ??? part.
Ahh was hoping it said something about the plant. Oh well…
djindio
Don’t know if this is reliable (internet and all…), but found this yesterday: http://orpington-history.org/article2.htm
Pinnacle Records – Had a huge production factory on Sevenoaks Way where the current JD Sports is. In the 1960’s and 1970’s they were a massive producer of vinyl for a number of the
biggest music distributors. It became a record label in its own right but could not sustain output and in the late 1980’sized down and relocated to Swanley.
I’ll take a look at this tomorrow. Dinner calls.

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djindio
Had a huge production factory on Sevenoaks Way where the current JD Sports is. In the 1960’s and 1970’s they were a massive producer of vinyl for a number of the biggest music
distributors. It became a record label in its own right but could not sustain output and in the late 1980’sized down and relocated to Swanley.
I guess the question is when did they stop pressing/producing vinyl. Examples (latest date in the DB underlined):
PR-E Shades Of Rhythm – Extacy Remix 1991, Carroll Thompson – Too Late 1998, Kingsize Feat. Laura Bradley – You Left Me On My Own 1998
PR-M Speshal K – Sing Hallelujah 1992,SunKings – Klunk Klik 1992,Beloved, The – Celebrate Your Life 1993, Trevor Rockcliffe – DoItRite 2001
PR-P Hypnotist, The – Rainbows In The Sky (Remix) 1991 (1991 is the lastest in the DB)
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Did you see this: µ-Ziq – Bluff Limbo
Review by jsz May 09, 2004

The ‘PR-E’ on the runout does not refer to this being a promo pressing, it was pressed at PR records (formerly of wimbledon) and this is what this refers to. The ‘E’ is probably for ‘eric’ who
processed the lacquers.
Looking at this persons profile it doesn’t look likes he/she is active. Will start looking for “Eric” + “PR Records”
Update:
Looks like Sven knows about the “PR” and “PAG” which is also on our missing list. ( http://www.depmod.com/forum/viewthread.php?action=printable&fid=6&tid=10970 )
“Svenner – 6-9-11 at 18:35
had a great talk to a engineer who worked for pye, lyntone and other.
some new facts:

PAG – in run out grooves in DM records from 1986 to 1988, that was Peter in combination with ag, which stands for ag (silver).
Peter Lawrence was founder of PR records. After that he worked for Adrenalin, then he went Lyntone until this plant closed.
After Peter has left PR Records the workers there used “PR”. There are a lot of matrix codes like “PR-E” or “PR-M”. Could be work from them.
“Early PR records had “PAG” in the run out grooves. It stood for Peter (forgotten his surname!)Ag – Ag being the symbol for silver. Peter joined Lyntone in the 80’s – the last time I heard
from him he was a bus driver!!” ”
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Eviltoastman over 2 years ago
I still can’t find that etching of the circle with the flag on top. Grrrrr!
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Eviltoastman
I still can’t find that etching of the circle with the flag on top. Grrrrr!
Sorry.. as long as this thread keeps going I believe eventually someone will join who knows missing items.
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triv over 2 years ago
How do you guys take a picture from the runouts so it shows? I couldn’t get one when I tried…
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triv
I haven’t had much luck yet since I don’t own a macro lens for my camera (was lucky once with a 20mm lens.)
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Added:
PAG
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By [Metalwork] – PAG
Example: Higsons, The – Push Out The Boat
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Eviltoastman over 2 years ago
triv
It is hard, but with a standard lumix camera I’ve manage to angel the record towards a brightly lit window to get a decent image.
As you can see, it could be better but is possible without special equipment.
http://62.253.162.19/eviltoastman/P1110300.jpg
http://s.dsimg.com/image/R-2660225-1314800560.jpeg
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Added:
ADRENALIN
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed by Adrenalin (4)
Example: 808 State – Let Yourself Go / Deepville
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Another mention of PR Records (http://mudcat.org/thread.cfm?threadid=36385 )
“I then had a look at some other companies and discover that the record pressing factory in Wimbledon, PR Records…”
Looking through the PR Records we currently have in the DB.. I am not seeing a match.
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_kerry
I guess the question is when did they stop pressing/producing vinyl.
No clue. :-/
_kerry
Looking through the PR Records we currently have in the DB.. I am not seeing a match.
??
http://wck2.companieshouse.gov.uk/b29ebd6e3b80c599016a978e73db5e9d/compdetails
P. R. RECORDS LIMITED
CLARK HEARSEY FAIRFIELD INDUSTRIAL ESTATE
LINCOLN WAY
LOUTH
LINCOLNSHIRE
LN11 0LS
Nature of Business (SIC): 59200 – Sound recording and music publishing activities
Date of Incorporation: 29/01/1979
Company is listed as: ACTIVE
————-
Aug. 1987 http://www.gramophone.net/Issue/Page/August%201987/99/765033/CD+MANUFACTURE

Disctec Ltd. is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Disc Technology group. This also includes PR Records Ltd. the vinyl disc pressing company founded by Phil Race about seven years ago,
and which continues to produce some 5 million high quality vinyl discs per annum using DMM (Direct Metal Mastering) from new premises in Wimbledon.
“Direct Metal Mastering” = correct in the cases I’ve seen so far.
“about seven years ago” mentioned in 1987 -> Date of Incorporation: 29/01/1979
LP pressing plant P.R. Records (owned by Phil Race):

http://books.google.ca/books?id=HiQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT8&dq=Billboard+%22P.R.+Records%22&hl=en&ei=_-PWTufFHaLs0gG-pLj-
DQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&sqi=2&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA
Hmm, so Pinnacle was just a middleman, a customer of PR Records in the case of:
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…and another one to add to the PR- list: “PR-R”.
PR-R Eon – Spice

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helix found PR on Chelmsford Cathedral Choir Directed By Graham Elliott – Choral Music From Chelmsford Cathedral
Records pressed by P.R. Records Limited, London

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djindio
LP pressing plant P.R. Records (owned by Phil Race):
http://books.google.ca/books?id=HiQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT8&dq=Billboard+%22P.R.+Records%22&hl=en&ei=_-PWTufFHaLs0gG-pLj-
DQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&sqi=2&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA
A little offtopic – but it looks like Disctec is not in the DB but clearly on a lot of CD Matrices:
http://www.discogs.com/search?q=disctec&type=all&sort=year%2Casc
djindio
…and another one to add to the PR- list: “PR-R”.
PR-R Eon – Spice
Added
djindio
Hmm, so Pinnacle was just a middleman, a customer of PR Records in the case of:
Sure does look that way.
The next question is how to credit PR Records:
PR Records
P.R. Records
P.R. Records Limited (from Chelmsford Cathedral Choir Directed By Graham Elliott – Choral Music From Chelmsford Cathedral)
P.R. Records Ltd.
????
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Newly Added:
jm
S, H or HS? HS
Add a credit: Mastered By – John Matousek
Example: Various – More Songs From The Original Soundtrack Of The Big Chill
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Early Xmas gift was a macro lens =)
Added a clear shot of the “0” (zero) here: Capitol Records Pressing Plant, Jacksonville
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_kerry
The next question is how to credit PR Records:
PR Records
P.R. Records
P.R. Records Limited (from Chelmsford Cathedral Choir Directed By Graham Elliott – Choral Music From Chelmsford Cathedral)
P.R. Records Ltd.
As this is a pressing plant and appears to not be mentioned very often on releases, P.R. Records Limited would seem to be the obivous choice at the moment, being that it is mentioned on
a release that way, plus being listed as such in the few official records. (it would probably be a good idea to also list “P.R. Records Ltd.” somewhere in the profile of the company page for the
search engine, just in case it ever shows up printed like that on any releases.
This profile may need some tweeking:
http://www.discogs.com/artist/PAG
“Founder of P.R. Records Limited.”
Could that one possibly be a different company that the pressing plant? Co-founded company maybe?? The owner & founder of P.R. Records is listed as Phil Race (initials P.R.). “Owner” in
this Billboard article as well as “Founder” here in this Gramophone article:
Billboard: “The CD Software will be manufactured by Disctec Ltd., a new company headed by Phil Race, who owns the LP plant PR Records.”
Gramophone: “This also includes PR Records Ltd. the vinyl disc pressing company founded by Phil Race about seven years ago”
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djindio
This profile may need some tweeking:
http://www.discogs.com/artist/PAG
“Founder of P.R. Records Limited.”
djindio
Could that one possibly be a different company that the pressing plant? Co-founded company maybe?? The owner & founder of P.R. Records is listed as Phil Race (initials P.R.). “Owner” in
this Billboard article as well as “Founder” here in this Gramophone article:
Yeah it looks like we need some clarification. I sent KeepingItPeel a PM to join us in the discussion.
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KeepingItPeel over 2 years ago
hi there,
in september i had a small talk via email with a nice guy from london.
he worked for Pye and later for Lyntone. So he gaved me a lot of infos about studios and engineers from 1980-1990. Mostly in correlation with depeche mode.
some facts (in order) he sent me.

maybe you can spot some infos that you need.
“Musictech were a company formed by Roy Matthews and his son. Roy worked for EMI for many years. Other staff included John White who worked at Pye Records and later the Damont
pressing plant.
They used to design plating equipment for making positives (mothers) and stampers for pressing plants. The also had some involvement with automated CD production.
Musitech were also UK distributors for spares for LENED record presses.
In addition Musitech used to process metalwork for customers all over the world.
The company closed down some time in the 90’s.”
“The Sound Clinic was a mastering studio – owned by Island Records. The main mastering engineer was John Dent.
I used to often criticise their disc cutting as they cut very loud and put so much bass on that the grooves would often come too close and collide!
John Dent left the Sound Clinic and started “The Exchange”. As far as I know the Sound Clinic closed not long after that.
Yes Lyntone and Damont were both pressing plants. Mainly pressing custom work for small labels and also overspill from EMI, Polygram etc. Damont took over Lyntone in the mid 90’s.”
“Correction – Lyntone were taken over by Damont in the late 80’s not 90’s.
The story is quite ironic. Lyntone was sold by the original owners (Mr & Mrs Lynton) to a new company. The new owners were doing OK.
We spent all summer working days, nights and weekends with lots of orders from Damont.
When the time for Lyntone to be paid came, Damont went bankrupt!! Lyntone were days from closing as there was no way they could sustain such a loss! Another company bought Damont
and then bought Lyntone.Lyntone was then made a subsidiary of Damont!
So in fact the people who made Lyntone nearly bankrupt became our new bosses!!”
“Well, the run out grooves can contain a lot of information. The matrix number, catalogue number (if different to matrix), stamper number, positive (mother) number, name of pressing plant,
name of the guy who mastered it, name of the guy who processed the lacquer (acetate)and occasionally messages from the band.
There are a few discs out there with messages from me!
I applied for a job at Adrenalin. It was named after Adrian Owlett and Len Hawkes (Len Hawkes ex Tremaloes) by combining their first names – Adrian and Len > Adrenalin!
The plant was on the Slough Trading Estate. The plant was originally Linguaphone.
Not sure when they closed, but Adrian Owlett went on to buy PR Records in Merton and renamed it Vinyl 2000. The last I heard Adrian was engaged in a legal battle with the previous owner
and I’m sure the plant is closed now.
Early PR records had “PAG” in the run out grooves. It stood for Peter (forgotten his surname!)Ag – Ag being the symbol for silver. Peter joined Lyntone in the 80’s – the last time I heard from
him he was a bus driver!!”
“I did not work for Depeche Mode. I worked for Pye and then Lyntone. I met Daniel Miller a few times when Mute was starting up. I think the last time I met Daniel was after the release of
the Silicon Teens LP.
When Mute was small, Lyntone did 100% of their UK pressings, as Mute grew they had to use other plants as well, however they remained pretty loyal customers.
PAG may be on one or two DM records possibly. By the way PAG was Peter Lawrence – just remembered his surname! Peter Lawrence initially worked at PR Records in, then Adrenalin in
Slough, finally with us at Lyntone until the plant closed.
After Peter left PR they used to write PR in the run out grooves. They were upset that Peter carried on with PAG at Adrenalin and Lyntone!
I am not sure about PR-E or PR-M and what they represent. Maybe successors to Peter Lawrence? I don’t know!”
“The PAG on Depeche pressings from 86 to 88 would have probably been mainly Lyntone, can’t remember exactly when Peter joined us at Lyntone.
Lyntone closed in December 1990 and so the single you have seems correct.
I used to know people at PR – they were largely ex Pye, but lost touch.”
“GG stands for Gedmal Galvanic – they were based in Leicester and used to process lacquers through to positives and also produce stampers. The company was formed by a Polish guy
called Eddie Goreki (not sure of exact spelling of his surname!). He was involved in a scandal as he processed stampers for a David Bowie bootleg!!
After the court case (I think he was fined) he sold the company and went to the USA!
Gedmal used to process for a lot of UK companies mainly small companies, but also overspill from CBS and others.”
“If the record has Damont and Lyntone then either the metalwork was processed at Lyntone and pressed at Damon or the other way around!”
“Metalwork processed at Musitech, pressed at Damont, next order pressed at Lyntone? Metalwork was passed between plants and often was engraved with extra info!”
hope that helps
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KeepingItPeel edited over 2 years ago
by the way,
i have these different pr-xx signs on depeche records.
pr-e
pr-m
pr-r & pr-m (only on dms violator era)
the earliest is from 1988/1989 (on a test pressing, so 100% sure it’s from this year), the latest from 1998. The mastering studies were different so i assume it has something to do with
positives, metalworks or plant.
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KeepingItPeel
Not sure when they closed, but Adrian Owlett went on to buy PR Records in Merton and renamed it Vinyl 2000. The last I heard Adrian was engaged in a legal battle with the previous owner
and I’m sure the plant is closed now.
The question now: is PR Records in Merton the same as:
djindio
http://wck2.companieshouse.gov.uk/b29ebd6e3b80c599016a978e73db5e9d/compdetails
P. R. RECORDS LIMITED
CLARK HEARSEY FAIRFIELD INDUSTRIAL ESTATE
LINCOLN WAY
LOUTH
LINCOLNSHIRE
LN11 0LS
Possibly they moved????
And is this information correct?
_kerry
( http://www.depmod.com/forum/viewthread.php?action=printable&fid=6&tid=10970 )
some new facts:
PAG – in run out grooves in DM records from 1986 to 1988, that was Peter in combination with ag, which stands for ag (silver).
Peter Lawrence was founder of PR records. After that he worked for Adrenalin, then he went Lyntone until this plant closed.
KeepingItPeel
I applied for a job at Adrenalin. It was named after Adrian Owlett and Len Hawkes (Len Hawkes ex Tremaloes) by combining their first names – Adrian and Len > Adrenalin!
This will be helpful with the profile page for Adrenalin (4)
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KeepingItPeel
pr-e
pr-m
pr-r
pr-p
the earliest is from 1988/1989 (on a test pressing, so 100% sure it’s from this year), the latest from 1998. The mastering studies were different so i assume it has something with metalworks
or plant.
This is some of the ones we uncovered:
_kerry
PR-E Shades Of Rhythm – Extacy Remix 1991, Carroll Thompson – Too Late 1998, Kingsize Feat. Laura Bradley – You Left Me On My Own 1998
PR-M Speshal K – Sing Hallelujah 1992,SunKings – Klunk Klik 1992,Beloved, The – Celebrate Your Life 1993, Trevor Rockcliffe – DoItRite 2001
PR-P Hypnotist, The – Rainbows In The Sky (Remix) 1991 (1991 is the lastest in the DB)
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I have sent Steve an email.
Have asked if PR Records and P.R. Records the same.
And for adress if different.
😉
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KeepingItPeel
I have sent Steve an email.
Have asked if PR Records and P.R. Records the same.
And for adress if different.
😉
Fantastic! Thanks for your help =)

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P.R. Records = PR Records
“PR was owned originally by Phil Race and were based in South London near Colliers Wood at first. When the local authority gave planning permission for a big supermarket they had to
relocate to an industrial estate in Endeavour Way of Durnsford Road Merton, London SW19.
It could be that the registered office was in Louth.”
Peter Lawrence has worked there. Wasn’t owner.
cheers
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KeepingItPeel
P.R. Records = PR Records
“PR was owned originally by Phil Race and were based in South London near Colliers Wood at first. When the local authority gave planning permission for a big supermarket they had to
relocate to an industrial estate in Endeavour Way of Durnsford Road Merton, London SW19.
It could be that the registered office was in Louth.”
Peter Lawrence has worked there. Wasn’t owner.
cheers
Thanks for the clarification!

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P.R. Records Limited
Paraphrased the work on this thread. Looks good? Any other suggestions?
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hi kerry,
did you read that my contact Steve has not verified the info “pr-r” or “Pr-e” is PR records work?
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KeepingItPeel
did you read that my contact Steve has not verified the info “pr-r” or “Pr-e” is PR records work?
Ahh crud. Jumping the gun. i’ll remove it.

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I wonder how jsz knows:
http://www.discogs.com/%C2%B5-Ziq-Bluff-Limbo/release/31021
Review by jsz May 09, 2004

The ‘PR-E’ on the runout does not refer to this being a promo pressing, it was pressed at PR records (formerly of wimbledon) and this is what this refers to. The ‘E’ is probably for ‘eric’ who
processed the laquers.
I’ll PM him but I don’t see much activity on the account.

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jsz over 2 years ago
I should probably have made my comment a little clearer. The E *could* stand for, say, Eric, or Eddie, or whoever. I’m not sure about any of that. However I am sure that the PR-E/PR-M/PR-
P etc notations are all the work of PR Records (Wimbledon).
I had a few records pressed by them, and have visited the place to deliver laquers and pay them. I got a PR-G on one of mine. My best guess is that it refers to whomever dealt with the
metalwork. I had them cut elsewhere.
PR Records pressed up many records back in their day, including transcription discs for the BBC (I saw a few on the walls whilst there). You’re likely to see ‘PR’ on many different records if
you start checking, lots of dance stuff throughout the 90s in particular. Lots of labels used them.
I remember that they became Vinyl 2000 for a while, then disappeared/were sold off.
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Thanks so much for verifying that jsz.
Is everyone cool with me putting back:

“Identifiable in the runout etchings by PR- and an additional letter denoting the Metalworker. Examples: PR-E, PR-M, PR-R & PR-P.” ?
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yes 🙂
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Variation added:
KDISC KP
S, H or HS? H
Example: Church, The – Destination
Thanks to DeltaNine for pointing it out via PM.
KeepingItPeel
yes 🙂
Back it goes – this time with “PR-G.”
And finally added to the list:
PR- + an additional letter. (Ex: E, M, R, G, P)*

S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Pressed By P.R. Records Limited
Example: Shades Of Rhythm – Extacy Remix
* The additional letters stand for Metalworkers. Currently unknown.
Big thanks to djindio, KeepingItPeel & jsz for making this happen.
Removed from unknown list:

PR-E Shades Of Rhythm – Extacy Remix
PR-M Speshal K – Sing Hallelujah, SunKings – Klunk Klik Beloved, The – Celebrate Your Life C OF E* – Church Of Extacy (Remixes)
PR-P Hypnotist, The – Rainbows In The Sky (Remix)
PR-R Eon – Spice
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Added:
HA ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/HA.jpg )
S, H or HS? HS
Add a company: Mastered at Ham Audio
Example: Avalanche (8) – Wheel Of Fortune
(this is Peter Harenberg signature after his time at TELDEC »Telefunken-Decca« Schallplatten GmbH.)
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Just wanted everyone to know I will be on vacation until next Sunday with no internet connection. Feel free to continue asking questions and such… I’ll catch up when I get back.
Thanks,
_kerry
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metatron over 2 years ago
what is ‘mS’?
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OK I’m back – wow this was a ghost town =)
metatron
what is ‘mS’?
Hey metatron – could you give an example where this is being used?
Thanks
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sebfact over 2 years ago
Anyone knows “JK” ?
Possibly an engineer either at F/W or at HuB.
See http://www.discogs.com/release/91679
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blitstikler over 2 years ago
JVO at vinylium.ch ?????
Seems to be:
Jvo Studer from Vinylium
http://www.vinylium.ch/page/content/index.asp?MenuID=48&ID=77&Menu=1&Item=8.3
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Also, same page has Flo Kaufmann on it as well.
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AS – mid 90’s Italian records
Can be found on at least some Discomagic related records from mid-90’s period. AS is written on the opposite side of eg “MIX 1290 – A” in the runout. Don’t have a picture.
Examples:
http://www.discogs.com/Flyers-Mission-Impossible/release/1310026
http://www.discogs.com/Discoconnection-Midnite/release/3068270
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blitstikler
JVO at vinylium.ch ?????
Seems to be:
Jvo Studer from Vinylium
http://www.vinylium.ch/page/content/index.asp?MenuID=48&ID=77&Menu=1&Item=8.3
Nice! Now I just need to figure out who asked about this in the last list and find an example. Thanks
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Res at stratozoo ?????
This seems to be Res Kaufmann
http://www.music.ch/smd/kat70/offset90/detail2013/
http://www.stratozoo.ch/shop.html
I don’t see anything about vinyl cutting or mastering on that page though so I am not sure.
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sebfact
Anyone knows “JK” ?

Possibly an engineer either at F/W or at HuB.
See http://www.discogs.com/release/91679
That’s a new one to me. I’d lean more towards it being a F/W but I’ll look around and see.
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Odd. I think those vinylium.ch should have been put in the other list since I couldn’t find examples in the DB yet.
The only one I can add is:
ANDRÉ VINYLIUM.CH
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at Vinylium.ch
Add a credit: Mastered By – André Huesler
Location Link: http://www.vinylium.ch/page/content/index.asp?MenuID=24&ID=21&Menu=1&Item=11
Example: Dimlite – Synonym4
I had to create the vinylium.ch profile page and link a few to it.
Permalink
blitstikler
Res at stratozoo ?????
This seems to be Res Kaufmann
http://www.music.ch/smd/kat70/offset90/detail2013/
http://www.stratozoo.ch/shop.html
I don’t see anything about vinyl cutting or mastering on that page though so I am not sure.
http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=http://www.cylex-branchenbuch.ch/grenchen/strato-zoo-
11143334.html&ei=5H_nTpbKEsbd0QGlpZH0CQ&sa=X&oi=translate&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCIQ7gEwAA&prev=/search%3Fq%3D%2522res%2Bkaufmann%2522%2Bzoo%26hl%3
Den%26client%3Dfirefox%26hs%3DV7q%26rls%3Dcom.yahoo:en-US:official%26biw%3D1024%26bih%3D639%26prmd%3Dimvns
(translated to english)
STRATO ZOO
Solothurnstr. 46
2540 GRENCHEN , SOLOTHURN
GEO: 47.192779, 7.399450

Phone: 032 6525757
Fax: 032 6525757
www.stratozoo.ch
Description in English:
The ultimate high-end analog recording and mastering studio
Looking at the website you would never know! Res doesn’t seem to be in the DB yet.
Permalink
Moved the following to List 2 List of marks mentioned with name but does not exist on Discogs yet::
JVO at Vinylium.ch Mastered By – Jvo Studer (not in DB yet)

a Flo Kaufmann mastering at Vinylium.ch ????? (not sure what this one looks like yet)
Res at stratozoo Mastered By – Res Kaufmann (not in DB yet)
Permalink
triv
Examples:
http://www.discogs.com/Discoconnection-Midnite/release/3068270
I’ve started looking for a possible pressing plant or mastering studio but is going to be hard as the initials pull up EVERYTHING =)
2 more I found:
Alexia Featuring Double You – Me And You
Flexx (2) – Love Theme From “Flexxy Ball” (You’ll Never Change No More)
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triv
Examples:
I would like to make one more mention. After “MIX 1290 – A” appears Zli in penmanship writing. I tried re-create on paint what it looks like. It’s little bit like this…
http://i42.tinypic.com/iwrwnm.jpg
The Zli doesn’t appear on all records where AS mentioned. The AS is by the way wrotten in normal writing style.
Zli seems to be presented in Discogs database already but there is very little information about him wrotten. See also the history. http://www.discogs.com/artist/Zli
Any idea how I should credit the Zli in credits?

Permalink
Also I found the AS from discogs database. I think it’s the same one I asked about…
http://www.discogs.com/artist/AS+%287%29
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triv
Any idea how I should credit the Zli in credits?
Using Gaznevada – Dressed To Kill as an example… it seems to be “Mastered By – Zli” (please note this profile and AS (7) were created by people who didn’t mention it in this forum
thread)
As for AS (7), I am thinking that might be jumping the gun. We have no idea if that is a mastering engineer or a pressing plant!
Permalink
New one added:
SST MW ( http://i114.photobucket.com/albums/n251/loki_012/MW.jpg )
S, H or HS? H
Add a credit: Mastered By – Martin Wegner
Example: Christian Smith – Pitanga
(confirmed by Daniel @ SST)

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triv
The Zli doesn’t appear on all records where AS mentioned.
Also, ‘AS’ does not appear on all records where ‘Zli’ is mentioned, as the only etchings here are:
Peter Schilling – Terra Titanic

DMN 169-A (hand etched) Zli (handwritten script)
DMN 169-B (hand etched) Zli (handwritten script)
Unlimited Beat – Pet Shop Boys Medley

GOLD 005-A (hand etched) Zli (handwritten script)
GOLD 005-B (hand etched) Zli (handwritten script)
^Both examples appear to be made using Direct Metal Mastering process.
_kerry
Right.
Permalink
New:
m3 mastering
S, H or HS? H
Add a company: Mastered at M3 Mastering
Location Link: http://www.myspace.com/m3mastering
Example: Anthony Rother – Back Home
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timhorton69 over 2 years ago
_kerry, I think you’ll need to make a minor adjustment to the entry for LEON + MASTERED BY STUDIOS 301. Looking at both the Leon Zervos and the Studios 301 pages, you’ll see that
the studio he should be credited against is EMI Studios 301. The location link is also, I think, a little misleading, as it refers to the current studio group, not to the old EMI Studios 301 (which
were in Castlereagh St, Sydney, as opposed to the new Sydney location of Alexandria).
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timhorton69
_kerry, I think you’ll need to make a minor adjustment to the entry for LEON + MASTERED BY STUDIOS 301. Looking at both the Leon Zervos and the Studios 301 pages, you’ll see that
the studio he should be credited against is EMI Studios 301. The location link is also, I think, a little misleading, as it refers to the current studio group, not to the old EMI Studios 301 (which
were in Castlereagh St, Sydney, as opposed to the new Sydney location of Alexandria).
No worries.
Updated:
LEON + MASTERED BY STUDIOS 301

S, H or HS? H + S
Add a company: Mastered at EMI Studios 301
Thanks timhorton69
Permalink
splintered8080 over 2 years ago
hi _kerry
another symbol which i don’t know. it is pressed on the vinyl under or with the label and is also embossed. it’s some kind of a bass clef. i have simplified it as best as possible.
http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/862/signkw.jpg/
appears on this release

Eurythmics – Revenge
thx
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splintered8080
That’s a new one to me. What are the run-outs on each side? Thanks
Permalink
djindio
Yes I agree with you. I just wished to point it out from the database. My guess would be in extinct pressing plant / mastering plant.
Btw interesting search key in discogs database is nationality mastering.

Permalink
_kerry
splintered8080
hi _kerry
i must look for the right run-out. but i have also a release which has the same symbol. look here incl. run-outs
David Bowie – ChangesOneBowie
maybe it could be a hint to a pressing plant?

Permalink
splintered8080
David Bowie – ChangesOneBowie
maybe it could be a hint to a pressing plant?
Not much help in that runout. I will look at djindio’s thread to see if that helps.
So far both are from Germany & a variation of RCA.

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_kerry
_kerry wrote:
quote selection
splintered8080
hi _kerry
i have looked at the release with the same sign. added the matrix numbers to the release Eurythmics – Revenge
maybe the “020” is a hint?

Permalink
splintered8080
i have looked at the release with the same sign. added the matrix numbers to the release Eurythmics – Revenge
_kerry
Not much help in that runout. I will look at djindio’s thread to see if that helps.
Personally I am unfamiliar with the European pressing plants used by RCA, would it possible for you to take a picture or scan of the full center labels so that it could be compared to labels
of other records & test pressings that are known to be pressed at certain pressing plants? (We might be able to narrow down the possibilities by comparing the stamper/ring-like
impressions.)
(edit:fixed quote)
EDIT:
for some reason though, Sonopress pops in my head while thing ’bout this… don’t know why yet though…
EDIT2:
Found the same logo/impression here, easy to see on side 2:
Permalink
djindio
EDIT2:
Found the same logo/impression here, easy to see on side 2:
Eagle eye. Nice catch! Still poking around myself..

Permalink
Sonopress it is!
http://www.depmod.com/forum/viewthread.php?tid=7288
See the post at “27-3-07 at 22:00” for the bass clef image and then “5-4-07 at 20:56”:
Alex,
this is a bass clef!

Nothing special – it’s on every b-side of discs manufactured by Sonopress.
Tom
Permalink
_kerry
_kerry wrote:
quote selection
Sonopress it is!
http://www.depmod.com/forum/viewthread.php?tid=7288
See the post at “27-3-07 at 22:00” for the bass clef image and then “5-4-07 at 20:56”:
hi _kerry
you and djindio do a really great job. thanky thank you 😉 maybe you can add it to your list?
Permalink
Added:
A bass cleff ( http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/862/signkw.jpg/ )*

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Manufactured By Sonopress**
Location Link: http://www.arvatodigitalservices.com
Example: Peter Tschaikowsky* – Capriccio Italien (Das Schönste Von Peter Tschaikowsky)
* found imprinted underneath the label
**now called Arvato Digital Services
Permalink
hi _kerry
found another sign on my lp’s. i don’t know it either. appears on this release Nine Inch Nails – The Downward Spiral
simplified as possible
http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/163/ninenailssign.jpg/
some kind of a huge S with a R on the inside of the upper sling and a C, also inside of the sling, below.
maybe you have an idea? thanks

Permalink
Yeah that is on the list already (though hard to look for I guess):
SRC (Large S with the R and C in the loops)

S, H or HS? S
Add a company: Pressed at Specialty Records Corporation
Location Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WEA_Manufacturing
Example: Kings, The – Switchin’ To Glide
* Owned by WEA MFG. Vinyl production was discontinued January 01 2002.
Permalink
_kerry
_kerry wrote:
Yeah that is on the list already (though hard to look for I guess):
hi _kerry
i call that fast 🙂 maybe i should look in the list a little more. many thanks again
Permalink
hi _kerry
a new entry for the list which i haven’t found above
FK
S, H or HS? Handwritten
Add a company: Mastered and pressed at Celebrate Records
Add a credit: Mastered By Frank Kirschner
Location Link: Company website. Celebrate Records
Example: Runnin’ Wild
maybe you could “Pressed at” to the person KM above. these two people work at the same company which also presses records.
i’m to 100% sure that this entry is correct. thanks
=================
List #9 Various Notes
=================
DATING RCA VICTOR Records

Before 1955 RCA used the first 2 characters of the 4-character master no. prefix of both company issues and custom pressings* to encode the year — this is either the year of the actual
recording, or the year the master disk was cut. The first character is a letter to indicate the decade (since 1900): C = 1930; D = 1940; E = 1950. The second character, a numeral, indicates
the year within the decade. For example:
D8 = 1948
D9 = 1949
E0 = 1950
E1 = 1951
E2 = 1952
E3 = 1953
E4 = 1954
If the code indicates a date before 1949, we can be reasonably sure it refers to the original recording date.
Beginning in 1955 only the first character of the prefix was reserved for the year. Some letters were skipped, likely to avoid ambiguity. The numbering system was abandoned in 1974.
F = 1955
G = 1956
H = 1957
J = 1958
K = 1959
L = 1960
M = 1961
N = 1962
P = 1963
R = 1964
S = 1965
T = 1966
U = 1967
W = 1968
X = 1969
Z = 1970
A = 1971
B = 1972
C = 1973
D = 1974
For further details of the master no. prefix see under the heading, RCA Victor Number-Letter Codes (19501974) toward the bottom of this page:
http://www.ronpenndorf.com/labelography4.html
N.B. Many early RCA Victor records from 1949-early ’50s do not observe this numbering system, for example RCA Victor 48-0001, “Texarkana Baby”/”Bouquet Of Roses” by Eddy Arnold.
This record’s sides are numbered 48-0001-A and 48-0001-B, and do not offer a hint to the date.
===============
The RCA Victor letter-number-letter-letter-XXXX system was instituted originally in 1942. Those retro renumberings hinted at above (e.g. A for 1910s, B for 1920s, C for 1930s) were only
rarely used, for later (generally microgroove era) reissues of earlier material that most likely never went out of print.
Victor’s previous matrix numbering system was instituted on 24th April 1903, when they began use of what they called the ‘Victor Master Disc’ (we know it as the five-step pressing process:
wax original produces metal negative which yields several mother parts, each of which can make numerous stampers which can press many records). Previously, the basic matrix number
and a record’s catalogue number were one and the same, and the one metal part derived from a wax original cut was actually used as the stamper until it broke or wore out, at which time
an artiste was called back to the studio to re-record the piece to make another metal part!
In the acoustic period, the matrix numbers had a prefix and a suffix. The prefix was a letter that indicated the size of the record: A for 7″, B for 10″, C for 12″, D for the very short-lived 60 rpm
14″ disc (1903/1904), E for the 8″ record (1906–c. 1909) they thought would replace the 7″ disc. But by then the 10″ record was most popular and the shorter records were flops even at the
35 cent selling price. M for 16″ discs was later added with the development of talkies and later electrical transcriptions.
Some recordings made in California in the 1920s added P to the prefix, so would be PB or PC, etc.
The suffix was the take digit. So a matrix number would be something like C 4317-1. (That’s ‘Vesti la giubba’ by Enrico Caruso, recorded 17 March 1907, originally released on Victor Red
Seal 88061.)
With the coming of electric recording the prefix added the letters VE: BVE 47539-3 (‘I wanna be loved by you’ by Helen Kane, recorded 20 September 1928, originally released on Victor
21684). Records made with Western Electric equipment show the letters VE inside an oval in the dead wax.*
Starting in 1931, introduction of RCA or RCA-modified equipment gave rise to other prefixes such as S or SHQ (BS 80149-1, ‘Solitude’, Duke Ellington, originally on Victor 24755, recorded
10 January 1934). The VE symbol is inside a diamond shape; use of the symbol disappeared after late 1938.* Around 1933 S seems to have become the standard.
(Note that in August 1936, with the numbers approaching 103000, Victor began numbering anew from 01. This reached 075904 with the onset of the infamous recording ban of 1942, at
which time this numbering system was discontinued.)
*The VE symbols will only be seen on Victor products (never on Bluebirds) if they were pressed from original metal matrices or dubs thereof made before late 1938.
Last edited by Jay Pemberton; 08-03-2010 at 11:34 AM.
=========================
Seal 88061.)
The ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’ etc. codes indicating re-releases of vintage recordings only lasted up to c.1953 or so. In later years, RCA re-releases of old recordings signified the year the masters were
transferred, rather than originally recorded, which is why many post-1955 reissues of 1940’s vintage material had “F2PW” or later codes. The post-1942 codes were revamped three times
over: August 1951, after LP’s and 45’s became a permanent part of the record industry; December 1954, for the “New Orthophonic” era (with a few added letters in different positions in
1958 with the advent of stereo); and December 1962 (taking effect 1 January 1963), after the infamous “Dynagroove” system of cutting records was instituted.
On 45’s and LP’s (and, prior to 1958, 78’s), the “letter-number-letter-letter-XXXX system” was seen on RCA releases between summer 1951 and spring 1973; such were called “serial
numbers” in RCA terminology. After 1973, RCA began emphasizing “part numbers” (catalogue #-A / catalogue #-B; i.e. APB0-0232-A or PB-10562-A) for all their labels.
Meanwhile, over at Masterdisk, in its early years there was another cutting engineer (one and the same as who later went to Trutone Mastering):
MASTERDISK p@ -> Phil Austin
And others:
SJR – Stuart J. Romaine (was the first and, for years, only mastering engineer at Columbia’s New York studios to sign his initials on the deadwax, in 1971-72; among those records bearing
his initials were first lacquers of the Looking Glass’ “Brandy (You’re a Fine Girl),” Epic 5-10874; later went to Frankford/Wayne, NYC)
(script)Joe – Joe Brescio (for years at Bell Sound Studios, he later went to Master Cutting Room)
Jay Luck – Jay Maynard (mastering engineer for Capitol in Hollywood; worked on H/J Scully lathe)
(script)Gene – Gene Thompson (mastering engineer for Capitol in Hollywood; worked on G Neumann lathe)
ML – Maurice Long (Capitol Hollywood mastering engineer; signed his initials to lacquers for “Weird Al” Yankovic’s “My Bologna” on Capitol in 1979)
RCK – Robin C. Kruse (another Bell Sound mastering engineer)
F/W NS – Nimitr Sarikananda, Frankford/Wayne (Philadelphia)
MBG – Mastered by George (Marino, at Master Cutting Room)
(scribble connected w/)K – Randy Kling, RCA Studios, Chicago (later to RCA Nashville)
And some record pressing deadwax info:

U.S.PAT.# RE 23,946 G B PAT.# 713,418 – stamped on deadwax of mid-to-late 1950’s LP pressings by Research Craft, Hollywood, CA (its president, Allan R. “Al” Ellsworth, held those
patents; RE 23,946 was a reissue of 2,631,859 which was on the rim print of many a Capitol LP or 45 in the 1956-73 period; the dates on which each patent was granted was: 2,631,859 –
March 17, 1953; Re.23,946 – Feb. 15, 1955; GB 713,418 – Aug. 11, 1954)
[]-G-[] – MCA Records, Gloversville, NY (post-1973; stick “1” if pre-1972)
<>-P-<> – MCA Records, Pickneyville, IL (post-1973; “2” if pre-1972)
IAM in a triangle – International Association of Machinists, whose members worked at the Capitol Records plant in Scranton, PA
* (post-1964) – Capitol Records, Los Angeles, CA (pre-1964, an outlined star)
0 or O – Capitol Records, Jacksonville, IL
|>— – Capitol Records, Winchester, VA (supposed to be a Winchester rifle, but as drawn looked like a tipped wineglass to many collectors)
MR in a circle – Monarch Record Mfg., Los Angeles, CA
SON – Sonic Recording Products, Holbrook, NY; name of plant later changed to Goldisc Record Corp., at which the deadwax code became GOL
=========================
You can use it to tell you what mastering house or engineer cut the lacquer. Other letters and numbers can tell you what number lacquer it was and that’s about it, also letters and stamps in
wax or on label can tell you what plant the record was pressed at- the initials, letters and numbers tell you nothing about the surface condition of the records or the sound quality. I got
caught up in “wax inscriptions” for awhile and still refer to the list here sometimes. For example I just had an Lp sent from the UK today and it had “Tape One JA on it”, now from the list I
know who cut the record but the JA in the wax tells me nothing about whether the record will have good surfaces and sound quality….to do that I have to go home and play it. Most all
records have some kind of wax stamping which are just that, I don’t know about you but I can’t tell what a record sounds like by looking at a wax stamping.
===================
beatcomber
08-03-2010, 06:08 AM
Wow, that’s some impressive research! But you overlooked a major one:
RVG -> Rudy Van Gelder

VANGELDER -> Rudy Van Gelder
markshan
08-03-2010, 06:25 AM
It seems “SH” can be either Steve Hall or Scott Hull, depending on where the record was pressed.
4dryhme
08-03-2010, 08:21 AM

Cool, added them in; thanks.

cwall99
08-03-2010, 08:29 AM
Clearly an impressive body of research, and one, I’m sure, that, if used wisely, can offer some means to optimizing playback (or something), but I guess that’s my question:
How can I use this information?
I hate to sound ignorant, but, frankly, I am.
Thanks.
KeninDC
08-03-2010, 09:37 AM
If you have an LP that sounds particularly good, take a look at the deadwax.
For example, if you see an “AT/GP” in the deadwax, that means Atlantic/George Piros. A plain “GP” also signifies George Piros. His pressings of Yes albums are fantastic, as is his Led Zep
“Houses of the Holy” which is equal to an “RL” for “Robert Ludwig.”
In other words, grabbing a “GP” from the used bin for $3.00 is a steal when you know your deadwax. A Led Zep II w/ “RL” in the deadwax is the Led Zep Holy Grail. NM LPs fetch over $200.
To paraphrase the Clash, “Know Your Wax.”
Ken
Jay Pemberton
08-03-2010, 10:25 AM
On records mastered at Fine Recording, a P in the dead wax (ex: on 1950s/1960s stereo Mercury Living Presence or Command LPs, you’ll see ‘P 13’ or ‘P 17’ or such like, the number
referring IIRC to which lathe was used [correct me if the number meant which cutting head instead]) indicates George Piros did the cutting; if you see ‘JJ’ (often on later mono Mercury
Living Presence and Command albums and some of the Command stereos as well) John Johnson did the cutting.
Initials DM looking like ∆M on Frankford-Wayne masterings: David Moyssiadis.

cwall99
08-03-2010, 10:36 AM
Ken
Ahhhh… so this is particularly useful if I’m perusing the used bin and can actually look at the dead wax!!! That’s what I was missing. Unless you know someone who has an LP and you can
observe that content on their record, you may not necessarily know who you’re getting when buying a new recording (though, I suspect in this day and age, that information may be
available on the internet).
It’s all coming together for me now.
This is your wax!!! (to continue the homage…)

Jay Pemberton
08-03-2010, 11:21 AM
Seal 88061.)
beatcomber
08-03-2010, 11:55 AM
It’s also worth noting that many of the 1940s 78RPM reissues of 1920s jazz were pressed from the exact same metal parts as the 1920s originals! These can easily be identified by the lack
of lead-in groove. I have some 1940s Bix Beiderbecke reissue 78s pressed using 1920s stampers that sound incredibly good – and can still be had CHEAP! Many of these ’40s repressings
were packaged in actual multi-pocket books or ‘albums.’
cactuscowboy
08-03-2010, 12:11 PM

I can’t take credit for that mastering info list.
IIRC, it was posted on a thread in the RCG forums a few years ago and was unattributed. I merely cut & pasted it to a Word file which I saved on my computer.
libertycaps
08-03-2010, 12:19 PM
Ken
Great post! Anything else noteworthy we should be looking for in the DEADWAX?
KeninDC
08-03-2010, 12:28 PM
Great post! Anything else noteworthy we should be looking for in the DEADWAX?
The Artisan symbol (looks like an elliptical LP) usually signifies a great pressing. For example, the best pressings of the Stones’ “Exile on Main Street” have this symbol.
Goofy phrases like “Do what thou wilt” (Crowley quote) on a Led Zep III LP means it is likely an original pressing. In theory, earlier pressings are better.
You also need to know your labels (addresses, pressing plants, etc.).
Ken
markshan
08-14-2010, 12:32 PM
This should get stickied. I keep coming back to it.
Spellbinder
08-14-2010, 12:33 PM
Perhaps a thread re-title and a sticky in in order.
Ed in Tx
08-14-2010, 01:44 PM
A Led Zep II w/ “RL” in the deadwax is the Led Zep Holy Grail. NM LPs fetch over $200.
Ken
Cool to know that! My Zep II that I bought when it first came out has “RL” so I reckon I have a good one! It’s in as “mint” condition as one can be, too. Not even any ring wear on the jacket.
😀
markshan
08-24-2010, 09:08 PM
I have a green label Warner Bros Mud Slide Slim by James Taylor. In the deadwax is an oval with a smaller oval inside and what looks like two drumsticks. Any idea if this indicates a
particular plant or mastering engineer?
Thanks.
dodog
08-24-2010, 10:25 PM
That’s the Artisan symbol, Mark.
Don’t know if it’s allowed, but here’s a link to a Hoffman thread discussing symbols and whatnot (need to log in to see pics):
http://www.stevehoffman.tv/forums/showthread.php?t=120633&highlight=deadwax
markshan
08-24-2010, 10:48 PM
Thanks for the link. That Artisan symbol is indeed the one on my album, but I don’t have a GF or any other initials.
dodog
08-24-2010, 10:51 PM
I always thought the symbol was a UFO on it’s legs or an alien’s head with antennae! :smoke:
KentTeffeteller
08-25-2010, 09:14 AM
Some Nashville information!
Denny/Georgetown Masters. Denny Purcell (late owner of Georgetown Masters)

dp woodland- Denny Purcell
Masterfonics- Can be either Glenn Meadows or Mack Evans
ZSSB or handwritten matrix on Columbia/Epic records- Columbia Bradley Studios initials sometimes found on deadwax is JMW. Many Columbia Bradley Studios lacquers were mastered by
M.C. Rather. Who later went on to found Custom Mastering.
Many RCA Nashville lacquers were mastered by Randy Kling who later bought out the RCA Nashville Studios and renamed it the Music City Music Hall. Mr. Kling formerly worked for RCA
Victor’s mastering department in Chicago, Illinois until it was closed and later became Curtom Studios and owned by Curtis Mayfield. Randy Kling last mastered lacquers at Disc Mastering,
Incorporated in Nashville.
KeninDC
08-25-2010, 09:55 AM
I just stumbled upon an Artisan pressing of the Doors’ “LA Woman” for $6. It had the cellophane die-cut cover, but the real treat was the deadwax.
The difference between this LP and the later pressing is incredibly detailed highs.
Ken
libertycaps
08-25-2010, 11:48 AM
Damn. Now i’m gonna have to keep a notepad next to my TT to jot down an/all Deadwax notes i find to include in my vinyl collection list. I know i’ve seen that Artisan UFO looking thing in
the run out grooves before! My copy of Boston-s/t is a “Wly” too.
W.B.
03-09-2011, 03:55 AM
Seal 88061.)
The ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’ etc. codes indicating re-releases of vintage recordings only lasted up to c.1953 or so. In later years, RCA re-releases of old recordings signified the year the masters were
transferred, rather than originally recorded, which is why many post-1955 reissues of 1940’s vintage material had “F2PW” or later codes. The post-1942 codes were revamped three times
over: August 1951, after LP’s and 45’s became a permanent part of the record industry; December 1954, for the “New Orthophonic” era (with a few added letters in different positions in
1958 with the advent of stereo); and December 1962 (taking effect 1 January 1963), after the infamous “Dynagroove” system of cutting records was instituted.
On 45’s and LP’s (and, prior to 1958, 78’s), the “letter-number-letter-letter-XXXX system” was seen on RCA releases between summer 1951 and spring 1973; such were called “serial
numbers” in RCA terminology. After 1973, RCA began emphasizing “part numbers” (catalogue #-A / catalogue #-B; i.e. APB0-0232-A or PB-10562-A) for all their labels.
Meanwhile, over at Masterdisk, in its early years there was another cutting engineer (one and the same as who later went to Trutone Mastering):
MASTERDISK p@ -> Phil Austin
And others:
SJR – Stuart J. Romaine (was the first and, for years, only mastering engineer at Columbia’s New York studios to sign his initials on the deadwax, in 1971-72; among those records bearing
his initials were first lacquers of the Looking Glass’ “Brandy (You’re a Fine Girl),” Epic 5-10874; later went to Frankford/Wayne, NYC)
(script)Joe – Joe Brescio (for years at Bell Sound Studios, he later went to Master Cutting Room)
Jay Luck – Jay Maynard (mastering engineer for Capitol in Hollywood; worked on H/J Scully lathe)
(script)Gene – Gene Thompson (mastering engineer for Capitol in Hollywood; worked on G Neumann lathe)
ML – Maurice Long (Capitol Hollywood mastering engineer; signed his initials to lacquers for “Weird Al” Yankovic’s “My Bologna” on Capitol in 1979)
RCK – Robin C. Kruse (another Bell Sound mastering engineer)
F/W NS – Nimitr Sarikananda, Frankford/Wayne (Philadelphia)
MBG – Mastered by George (Marino, at Master Cutting Room)
(scribble connected w/)K – Randy Kling, RCA Studios, Chicago (later to RCA Nashville)
And some record pressing deadwax info:

U.S.PAT.# RE 23,946 G B PAT.# 713,418 – stamped on deadwax of mid-to-late 1950’s LP pressings by Research Craft, Hollywood, CA (its president, Allan R. “Al” Ellsworth, held those
patents; RE 23,946 was a reissue of 2,631,859 which was on the rim print of many a Capitol LP or 45 in the 1956-73 period; the dates on which each patent was granted was: 2,631,859 –
March 17, 1953; Re.23,946 – Feb. 15, 1955; GB 713,418 – Aug. 11, 1954)
[]-G-[] – MCA Records, Gloversville, NY (post-1973; stick “1” if pre-1972)
<>-P-<> – MCA Records, Pickneyville, IL (post-1973; “2” if pre-1972)
IAM in a triangle – International Association of Machinists, whose members worked at the Capitol Records plant in Scranton, PA
* (post-1964) – Capitol Records, Los Angeles, CA (pre-1964, an outlined star)
0 or O – Capitol Records, Jacksonville, IL
|>— – Capitol Records, Winchester, VA (supposed to be a Winchester rifle, but as drawn looked like a tipped wineglass to many collectors)
MR in a circle – Monarch Record Mfg., Los Angeles, CA
SON – Sonic Recording Products, Holbrook, NY; name of plant later changed to Goldisc Record Corp., at which the deadwax code became GOL
pbda
03-09-2011, 05:46 AM
We should consider making this a sticky thread. Very useful information here.
pbda
03-09-2011, 05:49 AM
It seems “SH” can be either Steve Hall or Scott Hull, depending on where the record was pressed.
Or Steve Hoffman.
The list should also contain KG: Kevin Gray.

spaceman
10-04-2011, 01:20 AM
A friendly bump, to share the knowledge with other vinyl newbies like me. There’s some great info in this thread, thanks contributors. :thmbsp:
KentTeffeteller
10-04-2011, 09:18 AM
KPG also is another Kevin Gray signature found on deadwax.
gmku
10-30-2011, 10:59 AM
Just stumbled on this thread. Makes me want to go and look at all my deadwax. I know my copy of Exile and of LA Woman have the Artisan symbol. I know I’ve got a bunch of RL in the
collection too.
I’m feeling the pride for my copy of Exile. I’ve had this since 1972 and even as a youngster knew that I should take pains to preserve it. It still has the original cover stickers (the LP title and
the song listing, 2 stickers, cut from the shrinkwrap and kept in the poly bag with the LP) and the postcards (intact, not torn apart). The cover is superb, hardly any wear.
Ledbetter
08-21-2012, 09:15 AM
Clearly an impressive body of research, and one, I’m sure, that, if used wisely, can offer some means to optimizing playback (or something), but I guess that’s my question:
I hate to sound ignorant, but, frankly, I am.
Thanks.
You can use it to tell you what mastering house or engineer cut the lacquer. Other letters and numbers can tell you what number lacquer it was and that’s about it, also letters and stamps in
wax or on label can tell you what plant the record was pressed at- the initials, letters and numbers tell you nothing about the surface condition of the records or the sound quality. I got
caught up in “wax inscriptions” for awhile and still refer to the list here sometimes. For example I just had an Lp sent from the UK today and it had “Tape One JA on it”, now from the list I
know who cut the record but the JA in the wax tells me nothing about whether the record will have good surfaces and sound quality….to do that I have to go home and play it. Most all
records have some kind of wax stamping which are just that, I don’t know about you but I can’t tell what a record sounds like by looking at a wax stamping.
Kico
08-21-2012, 06:04 PM
We should make this thread a “Sticky”
KentTeffeteller
08-21-2012, 06:44 PM
Yes, as it provides useful information to record collectors and audiophiles.
Ledbetter
08-22-2012, 09:22 AM
This list is pretty complete. Never seen a stamping/inscription that is’nt on it. Well I played the “JA tape one” last night, which was a UK pressing of Bowies station to station (late 70’s or
early 80’s black RCA label), this had a nice full dynamic sound with decent clarity especially on the vocals. The other pressing I had of it was a tan RCA US with Sterling in wax. The sterling
sounds thinner across the board, it does have a cleaner bass, whereas the UK bass was a little muddy, other than that I easily prefer the UK copy since it lets me know station to station is
actually a better sounding recording than I previously thought.
W.B.
12-04-2012, 11:50 AM
ZSSB or handwritten matrix on Columbia/Epic records- Columbia Bradley Studios initials sometimes found on deadwax is JMW. Many Columbia Bradley Studios lacquers were mastered by
M.C. Rather. Who later went on to found Custom Mastering.
JMW would be Columbia Nashville’s (ex Bradley Studio) other known mastering engineer, Jerry Watson. There were at least two or three other mastering engineers who worked at
Columbia / Bradley, based on the variances of handwriting on the deadwax.
KentTeffeteller
12-05-2012, 10:12 AM
W.B. Thanks! Jerry Watson cut some really nice sounding records.
===================
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CM ☕
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Deadwax Examples in Images:

2. Robert Ludwig Pressing ~

3. Wallt Traughot Pressing

4. Beatles Pressing /Stampers

Pressing Plant Numbers:

Record company codes (the letters after “ST”)

Pressing Plant Codes for LPs:

LP label example (Led Zeppelin I)

OTHER SCRIBINGS IN THE DEADWAX:

AT = Mastered at Atlantic Studios

G.S.V.) -> Greg Vaughn

THE TYPE OF ACCOUNT:

Rainbo Pressings – Santa Monica

Recordings Inc. – Baltimore

Rite Sound – Cincinnatti

Shelley Products Ltd – Huntingdon Station, N.Y.

Sonic Recording Products – Long Island, N.Y.

The Sound Of Nashville – Nashville

Southern Plastics – Nashville

Specialty Records Corp. – Olyphant, PA.

Stereo Sound – Chicago

Superior Plastics Company – New Orleans

SJW – Wakefield Pressings – Phoenix

Ter-Mar Mastering – Chicago

H.V. Waddell Co. – Burbank, Calif.

Keystone Printed Specialties, Inc., Scranton, PA.

MacMurray Press, New York, N.Y.

Progressive Label Co., Brooklyn, N.Y.

Queens Litho / Kaltman Press, Queens, N.Y.

Sales 45s & LPs

Allentown Record Co. Inc. – Penn.

Audio Matrix, Inc. – Bronx, New York

Allied Record Co. – Hollywood

ALCO – Los Angeles

American Record Pressing Co. – Michigan

Artisan Sound Recorders – Pasadena, LA.

Audio Manufacturing Record Co. – Lakewood, NJ.

Bell Sound – New York

Bestway Products – Mountainside, N.J.

Cook Labs – Stamford, Connecticut

Houston Recorders – Houston

M.S.I. Co, – Philadelphia

Midwest Record Pressing Inc. – Chicago

Matrix Of Nashville – Nashville

Nashville Record Productions Inc. – Nashville

Rare VINYL record companies and labels

The codes are:

See also the Metronome record label

In Fall, 1963, arrows were added to the stereo logo.

BLINDFOLD Restrain the Thought

ATTENTAT ROCK – Le Gang des Saigneurs

STERLING COOKE FORCE – Full Force

SAMURAI – Sacred Blade

RANKELSON – Hungry for Blood

Editions EG Editions EG released the album Primitive Guitars by Phil Manzanera

Full details on Elektra “Master” Discography

The ILP mono series:

The first pink label: