DynamiteBooket PDF

L. K. Gupta (Mathematic Classes) www.pioneermathematics.
com MOBILE: 9815527721, 4617721

FEW OF THE GEMS
1. The sum of the squares of the lengths of the diagonals of a parallelogram is equal to the sum of
the squares of the lengths of its sides.
2. Given two triangles having one vertex A in common, the other vertices being
m
situated on two straight lines passing through A then ratio of the areas of these triangles is equal
to the ratio of the products of the two sides of each triangle emanating from the vertex A.
3. The area of the circumscribed polygon is equal to “rp”, where ‘r’ is the radius of the
o
inscribed circle and ‘p’ its half-perimeter (in particular, this formula holds true for a triangle).
s.c
4. The radius of the circle inscribed in a right triangle can be computed by the formula
abc
r , where a and b are the legs and c is the hypotenuse.
2
5. If a and b are two sides of a triangle,  the angle between them, and ‘I ’ the bisector of this
tic

2abcos
angle, then I  2,
ab
6. Prove that the distances from the vertex A of the triangle ABC to the points of tangency of
a
the inscribed circle with the sides AB and AC are equal to p - a (each), where p is the half-
em
perimeter of the triangle ABC, a = | BC |.
7. The legs of a right triangle are a and b. Find the distance from the vertex of the right angle to
the nearest point of the inscribed circle.
8. Given in a triangle ABC are three sides: | BC| = a, | CA | = b, | AB| = c. Find the ratio in
which the point of intersection of the angle bisectors divides the bisector of the angle B.
ath
9. The sum of distances from any point inside an equilateral triangle to its sides is equal to the
altitude of this triangle.
10. Find the area of the quadrilateral bounded by the angle bisectors of a parallelogram with
sides a and b and angle a.
rm
11. Prove that the bisector of the right angle in a right triangle bisects the angle between the
median and the altitude drawn to the hypotenuse.
12. In a triangle ABC, the angle AB C is a. Find the angle AOC, where 0 is the centre of the
inscribed circle.
ee
13. A circle is circumscribed about an equilateral triangle ABC, and an arbitrary point M is taken
on the arc BC. Prove that | AM | = | BM | + | CM |. See the figure. 13.
pi on
w.
14. The area of a rhombus is equal to S , the sum of its diagonals is m. Find the side of the
rhombus. See the figure. 14.
15. A square with side a is inscribed in a circle. Find the side of the square inscribed in one of the
ww
segments thus obtained.

16. A circle is circumscribed about a triangle ABC where |BC| = a, ∠B = a, ∠C = β. The bisector
of the angle A meets the circle at a point K. Find |AK|.
17. Find the sum of the squares of the distances from the point M taken on a diameter of a
circle to the end points of any chord parallel to this diameter if the radius of the circle is R,
and the distance from M to the centre of the circle is a.
PIONEER EDUCATION (THE BEST WAY TO SUCCESS): S.C.O. 320, SECTOR 40–D, CHANDIGARH
L. K. Gupta (Mathematic Classes) www.pioneermathematics.com MOBILE: 9815527721, 4617721
PIONEER’S SHORTCUTS
o m
s.c
Illustration: An equilateral triangle has one vertex at the point (0, 0) and another at
(3, 3 ). Find the co-ordinates of the third vertex
a tic
em
ath
rm
ee
pi on
w.
ww
SHORTCUT NO. 2
The straight line ax + by + c = 0 divides the joint of points A (x1 y1 ) and B (x 2 ,y 2 ) in the ratio
o m
s.c
a tic
em
ath
rm
ee
If ratio is positive then divides internally and if ratio is negative then

on
divides externally.
SUB-SHORTCUT NO. 1
If mid points of the sides of a triangle are (x1,y1), (x2, x2) and (x3, x3) then coordinates of the original
pi
triangle are
(x 2  x 3  x 1 , y 2  y 3  y 1 ),(x 3  x 1  x 2 , y 3  y 1  y 2 )
w.
and (x 1  x 2  x 3 , y 1  y 2  y 3 ). (3  x 1  x 2 ,3  y 1  y 2 )

SUB-SHORTCUT NO. 2: If two vertices of a triangle are (x1,y1) and (x2 ,y2) and the co-ordinates of
centroid are (a, p) then co-ordinates of the third vertex are: (3α−x1−x2, 3β−y1−y2)
SUB-SHORTCUT NO. 3: The orthocenter, the nine point centre the centroid and the circum
ww
center therefore all lie on a straight line.

SUB-SHORTCUT NO. 4: If O is orthocenter, N is nine point centre, G is centroid and C is circum
center then to remember it see ONGC (i.e., Oil Natural Gas Corporation) in left of G are 2 and in
right is 1 therefore G divides 0 and C in the ratio 2 : 1 (internally).
SUB-SHORTCUT NO. 5: N is the mid point of O and C
1
SUB-SHORTCUT NO. 6 Radius of nine point circle =  Radius of circumcircle
2
Note: 1. The distance between the orthocenter and circumcenter in an equilateral triangle is
zero.
m
2. The orthocenter of a triangle having vertices (α,β), (β,α) and (α, α) is (α, α).
3. If the orthocenter and centroid of a triangle are respectively (α, β), (γ, δ) then orthocenter will
be (3γ−2α, 3δ−2β).
o
SUB-SHORTCUT NO. 7 If a1x + b1y + c1= 0, a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 and a3x + b3y + c3 = 0 are the sides
s.c
of a triangle then the area of the triangle is given by (without solving the vertices)
2
a1 b1 c1
1
 a2 b2 c2
2|C1C2C3 |
tic
a3 b3 c3
Where C1 C2, C3 are the cofactors of c1, c2, c3 in the determinant
a2 b2 a b a b
Here, C1   (a2b3  a3b2 ) C2  3 3  (a3b1  a1 b3 ) and C3  1 1  (a1b2  a2b1 )
a
a3 b3 a1 b1 a2 b2
Illustration:- Find the area of the triangle formed by the straight lines 7x – 2y + 10 =0,
em
7x + 2y – 10 = 0 and 9x +y + 2 = 0 (without solving the vertices of the triangle).
7x  2y  10  0
Solution: The given lines are: 7x  2y  10  0
ath
9x  y  2  0
2
7 2 10
1
∴ Area of triangle   7 2  10 ..............(1)
2|C1C2C3 |
9 1 2
rm
7 2 9 1
where C1   7  18  11, C2   18  7  25
9 1 7 2
7 2 10
ee
7 2
and C3   14  14  28, and 7 2  10  10C1  10C2  2C3
7 2
9 1 2
on
10  ( 11)  10  ( 25)  2  28  196

1 196  196 686
∴ From (1),   (196)2   sq units
2| 11  ( 25)  28| 2  11  25  28 275
pi
Complex number as a rotating arrow in Argand plane:

Let z = r (cos θ + i sin θ) = reiθ ... (1)
be a complex number representing a point P in the Argand plane.
w.
ww
Then OP = | z| = r
and ∠POX = θ
Now consider complex number zr = zeiϕ
or z1=reiθ eiϕ =r.ei(θ+ϕ) {from (1)}
Clearly the complex number Z 1 represents a point Q in the Argand plane, when
OQ = r and ∠QOX = θ + ϕ 
m
Clearly multiplication of z with ei ϕ rotates the vector OP through angle (j> in anticlockwise sense.

Similarly multiplication of z with e−i ϕ will rotate the vector OP in clockwise sense.
Note: If z1, z2 and z3 are the affixes of the three points A, B and C such that AC = AB and
o
∠CAB = θ Therefore
 
s.c
AB  z2  z1 ,AC  z3  z1
 
Then AC will be obtained by rotating
ABthrough
 i an angle θ in
anticlockwise sense and therefore AC  ABe
tic
Or (z3−z1)= (z2−z1)eiθ
 z z 
or  3 1   ei
a
 z 2  z1 
or (z3 –z1) = (z2-Z1)e'e
em
ILLUSTRATION: The line joining the-points A (2, 0) and B (3,1) is rotated about A in the
anticlockwise direction through an angle of 15°. Find the equation of the line in the new position.
If B goes to C in the new position, what will be the co-ordinates of C?
Solution: Here AB = (2  3)2  (0  1)2  2
ath
10
and slope of AB  = 1 = tan 45° 3-2
32
∠BAX=45°
rm
ee
Now line AB is rotated through an angle of 15°

on
⟹ ∠CAX=45° + 15° = 60° and AB = AC = 2

Equation of line AC in parametric form is
x  2  rcos 60 
 Since AC = r = 2
pi
y  0  r sin 60 
1 4 2 3 6
Put r = 2 in (1), then x  2  2.  and y  2. 
w.
2 2 2 2
x2 1
Equation of the line AC is  cot 600  or x 3  y  2 3  0
y 3
ww
 4 2 6 
and co-ordinates of C are  , .
 2 2 

Alternative Method:
∵ A = (2,0), B = (3,1), let C = (x,y)
5
zC  z A i
∴ ZA = 2, ZB = 3 + i, zc = x + iy =  e 12
zB  zA
zc =2 = (1 + i(cos15 + i sin 15°) or
0
m
 3 1 3 1 
 zC  2  (1  i) i 
 2 2
 2 2  
o
 3 1 3 1   3 1 3 1 
 2    i  
 2 2 2 2   2 2 2 2 
s.c

 1   3
 2   i 
 2   2 
tic
4 2  6 
  i
2  2 
 
 4 2 6 
∴ C ,
a
 2 
 2 
em
and equation of AC, y − 0 = tan 60° (x −2), x 3  y  2 3  0
ILLUSTRATION: The centre of a square is at the origin and one vertex is A (2,1). Find the
co-ordinates of oilier vertices of the square.
Solution:
ath
rm

∵ A = (2,1) ∴ zA = 2+i Now in triangle AOB, OA=OB,  AOB = 90° =
2
ee

i
 ZB  ZA e 2  iz A  2i  1
 B  ( 1,2)
on
∵ O is the mid point of AC and BD

 C  ( 2, 1) and D  (1, 2)
pi
w.
ww
ILLUSTRATION: The extremities of the diagonal of a square are (1,1), (-2, -1). Obtain
the other two vertices and the equation of the other diagonal.
Solution:
Let ABCD be a square
m
∵ A = (1,1) ∴ Z A=1+i and let A (-1,-2) and C (3,2) be the given points.
and C = (−2,−1) z c = −2 −i Let B (x,y) be the unknown vertices
 1  1 ∴ AB = BC
o
then centre of E    ,0   zE   = >AB2 = BC2
 2  2
(x +1)2 + (y -2)2 = (x-3)2 + (y-2)2
s.c

zB  zE 
x = 1…………………..(i)
Now in △AEB, (EA = EB) e 2 i
z A  zE In right angled triangle, ABC,
3 3  3 3 we have (AB2+ BC2 = (AC)2
 zB    i then D   1  ,   2x2 + 2y2 – 4x -8y + 18
tic
2 2  2 2
= (3+1)2 + (2-2)2
 3 3 1 3
B   , , D   ,  y 2−4y =0
 2 2 2 2 y =0 , y =4
a
Hence equation of other diagonal BD is Hence required vertices of square are (1,0) and
3 (1,4)
em
0
 1
y 0 2  x   6x  4y  3  0
3 1 2
  
2 2
ath
rm
ee
pi on
w.
ww
ILLUSTRATION: The point (4,1) undergoes the following three transformations successively :
(i) Refection about the line y = x .
(ii) Translation through distance 2 units along the positive direction of x-axis.
(iii) Rotation through an angle π/ 4abnui the origin in the anticlockwise direction. Then find the
m
co-ordinates of the final position.
o
s.c
tic
Solution: Let Q (x1 , y1 ) be the reflection of P Pioneer Smart Solution
about the line y = x. Then (Use of complex number)
x1  1  Let Q be the reflection of P (4,1) about the
a
 ................(1) line y = x, then Q = (1, 4)
y 1  1
em
Co-ordinates of Q is (1, 4). ∵ Q move 2 units along the +ve direction of
Given that Q move 2 units along the positive x-axis, if new point is R then R = (3, 4).
direction of x-axis. If R(3,4) = R (z1)
∴ Co-ordinates of R is (x1 + 2, y1) or R(3, 4) when z1 = (3 + 4i)
If OR makes an angle θ, then then R'(x, y) = R'(z2)
ath
 
tan  
4 4
 sin   and cos  
3 z2=z1eiπ/4  ROR '  
 4
3 3 5
     1 i 
After rotation of let new position of R is R' and  (3  4i) cos  isin   (3  4i)  
4  4 4  2 2
rm
4 OR=OR' = 32  42  5  1 7i 
  
∴ OR' makes an angle (π/ 4 + θ)with x-axis.  2 2
Co-ordinates of R'
 1 7 
ee
     Hence new co-ordinates are   , 

 OR'cos     ,OR'sin       2 2 .
 4  4 
on
  1 1  
 OR'  cos   sin   , 
 2 2  
i,e., R'
  1 1 
 OR'sin  cos   sin   
pi
  2 2 
  3 4   3 4 
 R ' 5   ,5  
w.
  5 2 5 2   5 2 5 2 
 1 7 
 R '  , 
 2 2
ww
“OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS”
1. (1  i)  (1  i) 
6 6
(a)28 (b)0 (c)−1 (d) 1
m
Sol. (D) Alternative Method I:
Binomial coefficients in (1+x)6 are “Pioneer Smart Solution”:
o
6
C0 ,6 C1 ,6 C2 ,6 C36C4 ,6 C5 ,6 C6 z  1  cos   isin 
6
(1  i)        .............................(i) 2 2
s.c
z2/3  cos  isin
(1  i)6        ..............................(ii) 3 3
 2k   2    2k  2 
adding (i)and (ii), the terms those exist at even z2/3  cos    isin  
places get cancelled  3   3 
tic
 (1  i)6  (1  i)6  2[6 C0 6 C2i2 6 C4 i4 6 C6 i6 ] 2  4 
z2/3  cis ,cis ,cis 2
3 3
 2[6 C0 6 C2 6 C4 6 C6 ] using i2  1
2  2 
 2(0) 6
C2 6 C4 0  cis ,cis  2   ,cis 2
a
3  3 
Alternative method II: 2  2 
em
    cis , cis    ,cis 0
1  i  2  cos  isin  3  3 
 4 4 2 2
 Arg z2/3  ,  ,0
1  i  2 cis 3 3
4
ath
 
1  i  2 cis   
 4
 3  3    3 
( 2)6 cis  cis     ( 2)6 2cos   0
rm
 2  2  ,  2
2. The square root of −5−12i is

(a) (3  2i) (b) (2  3i) (c) (2  3i) (d) (3  2i)
ee
Sol. (c) “Pioneer Smart Solution”.

5  12i  5  2(6i) Every complex number possesses its two
  square roots. From these two both, one or none
on
 5  2 36  5  2 (9)(4)
may or may not be in the choice, so be careful
5  2 (3i)2 (2)2 about it.
 9  4  2.2(3i)  (  3i)2  22  2.2( 3i) Fact
pi
5  12  (2  3i)2  |z |  Rez |z |  Rez 

a  ib    i  a is b  0
 5  12i  (2  3i)  2 2 
w.
 13  ( 5) 13  ( 5) 
5  12i  i   (2  3i)
 2 2 
ww
6 6
 3 i  3i
3. If z    then
 2   2 
   
(a)Re z =0 (b) Re z, Im z >0 (c) Im (z) = 0 (d) Re z > 0, Im (z)< 0
m
Sol. (c) “Pioneer Smart Solution”:
6 6 6 6
 3 i  3i  3 1  3 i 
o
z   z
 2   2  
 2   2 
       
s.c
Fact: Using fact every complex number a +ib i
e e  i
 2cos 
for which |a:b|= 1: 3 or 3 :1 can be z  2  2  0i
expressed in terms of i, , 2 .
6 6 6 6
tic
 3  i   3  i   1  i 3   1  i 3 
      
 2   2   2 2

       
a
6
 6
    ( 2 )6   12  2  2  0i
em
 i i
 Im(z)  0
8 8
4. If   cos  isin then Re(    2   3   4   5 ) equals
ath
11 11
(a)0 (b) −1/2 (c) 1/2 (d) None of these
Sol. (b)
zz “Pioneer Smart Solution”:
rm
Def: Rez=
2 8 8
Given 2  cos  isin
 R e (   2  3   4   5 ) 
               11    11   11
2 3 4 5 3 4 5
2    cos 8   isin 8  1
ee
1 1 1 1 1 
10
n 1  11
2 3 4 5
           2  3  4  5  so     0 (sum of 11th roots of units)
2      n 0 1
1
on
[ 6  7   8   9  10   4  3   2    1]
2 2 z  z sum of 11th root of units  1 1
1 now Re(z)   
10
[1    .........     ] 5 2 2 2
22
pi
1 1  1  11  1 1
2 
 5  2
[0  5 ]  
2   1  2 2
w.
ww
5. If z  1  i 3 then z6 equals
(a) 32 (b) −32 (c) 64 (d) None of these
Sol. (c) “Pioneer Smart Solution (i)”
m
z 1i 3 Z 1 i 3
6
6

z  1i 3   
 1  i 3 
  2  2
2
o
2 3 4  5 2
6 C0 6 C1 i 3 6 C1 i 3 6C3 i 3 6 C3 i 3 6 C5 6 i 3 6C 3 6
         
6 i  
z  ( 2)6 ( 2 )6  26 12
s.c
 (6 C0 6 C2(3) 6 C4 9 6 C0 27)  i 3(6 C1  36 C3  96 C5 ) ∴ z  2  64
6 6
“Pioneer Smart Solution (ii)”

 (1  15 3  135  27)  i 3(60  60)
z 1i 3
tic
 (136  72)  i 3(0)  64 1 3
z  2  i 
2 2 

a
  
z  2 cos  isin 
 3 3
em
z  2ei/3
 z6  26 e2i  26
z  7i
ath
6. The complex number z  x  iy which satisfying the equation 1
z  7i
(a) x – axis (b) y – axis (c)on a circle (d)the line y = 7
Sol. (a)
rm
z  7i “Pioneer Smart Solution”:

Given 1 z  7i
z  7i Given 1
|z  7i|| z  7i| z  7i
| x  i(y  7)|| x  i|(y  7)| ⟹ z lies on the right bisector of the line
ee
segment connection the points 7i, −7i.

 x 2  (x  7)2  x 2  (y  7)2 (after taking
∴ z lies on x-axis
absolute value squaring both side) Hence z lies on real axis.
 (y  7)2  (y  7)2  0
on
 28y  0
y 0 (Equation of x-axis)
⟹ z lies on x – axis.
pi
w.
ww
7. If the vertices of a triangle is (4,1/4)(3,1/3),(1,1) then orthocenter of the triangle is
 1   1   1 
(a)  ,12  (b)  12, ,  (c)   , 12  (d) None of these
 12   12   12 
m
Sol. (c): Orthocenter is point of intersection of “Pioneer Smart Solution”:
altitudes drawn from one vertex to opposite Using Fact: If vertices of a ∆ABC are (a,1/a),
side. In order to determine the co-ordinate of (b,1/b),(c,1/c) then coordinate of
o
orthocenter we need the equations of altitudes  1 
orthocenter is   , abc 
s.c
 abc 
∴coordinate of orthocenter
 1   1 
 , 4(1)(3)    , 12 
tic
 (4)(3)(2)   12 
a
1
Slope of BC 3  1 / 3
em
31
∴ Equation of AD is y− 1/4 = 3(x − 4)
12x − 4y = 47
Equation of BF is 12x − y = 11
ath
By solving (i) and (ii) we get the co-ordinate of
orthocenter
 1 
∴ (x,y)    ,12 
 12 
rm
8. The angle between the pair of tangents drawn from the point (2,4) to the circle x2  y2  4 is
3 4
(a) tan 1   (b) tan 1   (c)900 (d) None of these
8 3
ee
Sol. (b): Equation of pair of tangent to a circle is  PT  4

T2 = SS1 where T = xx1+yy1−4 radius = OT =2
S1=x 21+ y 21−4 2 1
on
S = x2 +y2 −4 now tan   

4 2
 (2x  4y  4)2  (x 2  y 2  4)(4  16  4) 1
4(x  2y  2)2  16(x 2  y 2  4) 2.
2tan  2 4
and tan   tan2  
pi
2
x 2  4y 2  4xy  8y  4x  4  4x 2  4y 2  16 1  tan  1  1/ 4 3
3x 2  4xy  8y  20  0 
w.
ax 2  2hxy  by 2  2gx  2fy  c

2 h2  ab 2  2
tan   
ab 3
ww
1
  tan (4 / 3)
“Pioneer Smart Solution”:
The length of tangent
 PT  x12  h21  a2  22  42  4
9. The radius of the circle 3x 2  3y 2  9x  8y  4  0 is
m
193 193 129
(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these
3 6 3
o
s.c
a tic
em
ath
rm
ee
on
“SPECIAL CONSTANTS”
1. π = 3.14159 26535 89793 23846 2643 .....
n
 1
2. e = 2.71828 18284 59045 23536 0287 ….. = lim  1   natural base of logarithms.
pi
n 
 n
3. 2 = 1.41421 35623 73095 0488 ……
w.
4. 3 = 1.73205 08075 68877 2935 ……

5. 5 = 2.23606 79774 99789 6964 ……
ww
3
6. 2 = 1.25992 1050 ……
3
7. 3 = 1.44224 9570 ……
5
8. 2 = 1.14869 8355 ……
5
9. 3 = 1.24573 0940 ……
10. eπ = 23.14069 26327 79269 006 ……
11. π e = 22.45915 77183 61045 47342 715 ……
12. ee = 15.15426 22414 79241 90 ……
13. log 102 = 0.30102 99956 63981 19521 37389 ……
m
14. log 103 = 0.47712 12547 19662 43729 50279 ……
15. log 10 e = 0.43429 44819 03251 82765 ……
16. log 10π = 0.49714 98726 94133 85435 12683 ……
o
17. loge 10 = ln 10 = 2.30258 50929 94045 68401 7991 ……
s.c
18. loge 2 = ln 2 = 0.69314 71805 59945 30941 7232 ……
19. loge 3 = ln 3 = 1.09861 22866 68109 69139 5245 ……
20. γ = 0.57721 56649 01532 86060 6512 …… = Euler’s constant =
 1 1 1 
tic
lim  1    ......   ln n 
x 
 2 3 n 
21. eγ = 1.78107 24179 90197 9852 ……
22. e = 1.64872 12707 00128 1468 ……
a
1
π = 1   = 1.77245 38509 05516 02729 8167 ….. Where Γ is the gamma function.
em
23.
2
1
24. Γ   = 2. 67893 85347 07748 ……
3
ath
1
25. Γ   = 3.62560 99082 21908 ……
4
26. 1 radian = 180o /π = 57.29577 95130 8232 ……….o
27. 1o = π /180 radians = 0.01745 32925 19943 29576 92 ……… radians.
rm
ee
GREEK ALPHABET
Aα alpha N ν nu
B β beta Ξ ξ xi
on
Γγ gamma Oo omicron
Δ δ delta π pi
E  ε epsilon Pρ rho
pi
Zζ zeta σ sigma
Hη eta T τ tau
w.
Θ θ , theta υ upsilon
Iι iota Φ  , φ phi
K κ kappa X χ chi
ww
Λ λ lambda Ψ ψ psi
M μ mu Ω ω omega
“Special Power Series”

x2 x3 xr
m
ex = 1 +x +   ....  +… (all x)
2! 3! r!
x3 x5 x 7 ( 1)r x 2r 1
o
sin x = x -    ...  +… (all x)
3! 5! 7! (2r  1)!
s.c
x2 x 4 x6 ( 1)r x 2r
cos x = 1 -    ...  +… (all x)
2! 4! 6! (2r )!
x3 2x5 17x7 x
tic
tan x = x +   +… (|x| < )
3 15 315 2
1 x3 1.3 x5 1.3.5 x7
sin x = x +
-1   
a
2 3 2.4 5 2.4.6 7
1.3.5 ... (2n  1) x 2n  1
em
...  +… (|x| < 1)
2.4.6 .... (2n ) 2n  1
x3 x5 x7 n x
2n 1
tan x = x -
-1    ...  (1)  ... (|x| < 1)
3 5 7 2n  1
ath
x 2 x3 x 4 n 1 x
n
 n(1 + x) = x –    ...  (  1) +… (– 1 < x  1)
2 3 4 n
x3 x5 x 7 x2n 1
rm
Sinh x = x +    ...  +… (all x)

3! 5! 7! (2n  1)!
x2 x4 x6 x 2n
coshx = 1 +    ...  +… (all x)
2! 4! 6! (2n)!
ee
x3 2x5 17x7 x
tanh x = x -   +… (|x| < )
3! 15 315 2
on
1 x3 1.3 x5 1.3.5 x7
sinh x = x -
–1   
2 3 2.4 5 2.4.6 7
1.3.5....(2n  1) x2n1
pi
… + (-1)n +… (|x| < 1)

2.4.6 ... 2n 2n  1
x3 x5 x 7 x 2n 1
w.
tanh x = x +
–1    ... +… (|x| < 1)
3 5 7 2n  1
π 1 1 1 . 3 1 1 .3 .5 1
1  .  .  ........
ww
2 2 3 2 . 4 5 2. 4 . 6 7
π2 1 1 1
 2  2  2  .......
6 1 2 3
π2 1 1 1 1
 2  2  2  2  .............
12 1 2 3 4
2
π 1 1 1
 2  2  2  ..........
m
8 1 3 5
π 1 1 1
 1     ..........
o
4 3 5 7
1 1 1 1
s.c
=    ..........
2 1 .3 3.5 5.7
“Hyperbolic Identities”
tic
cosh x = (ex + )/2
e-x sinh (x) = (ex – e-x )/2
tanh x = sinh x/cosh x
sechx = 1 / cosh x cosech x = 1/sinh x
a
coth x = cosh x/ sinh x = 1/tanh x
cosh ix = cos x sinh ix = i sin x
em
cos i x = cosh x sin ix = i sinh x
cosh2 A – sinh2 A = 1
sech2 A = 1 – tanh2 A
cosech2 A = coth2 A- 1
ath
“PHYSICAL AND ASTRONOMICAL CONSTANTS”
c Speed of light in vacuum 2.998 × 108 m s–1
E Elementary charge 1.602 × 10-19 C
rm
mn Neutron rest mass 1.675  10-27 kg

mp Proton rest mass 1.673  10-27 kg
me Electron rest mass 9.110  10-31 J s
h Planck’s constant 6.626  10-34 Js
ee
 Dirac’s constant (= h/2 π ) 1.055  1034 J s

K Boltzmann’s constant 1.381  10-23 J K-1
G Gravitational constant 6.673  10-11 N m2 kg-2
on
σ Stefan-Boltzmann constant 5.670  10-8 J m-2 K-4 s-1

C1 First Radiation Constant (= 2 π hc2) 3.742  10-16 J m2 s-2
C2 Second Radiation Constant (= hc/k) 1.439  10-2 m K
εo Permittivity of free space 8.854  10-12 C2 N-1 m-2
pi
μo Permeability of free space 4 π  10-7 H m-1

NA Avogadro constant 6.022  1023 mol-1
w.
R Gas constant 8.314 J K-1 mol-1

ww
First check your Concept

±√
 Why roots of + + = 0 are = ?
m
 Why sum of of an A.P. is [2 + ( − 1) ]?
o
 why sin 30 = ?
s.c
 Why cos 45 = ?
√
 Why centroid of triangle whose vertices are ( , ), ( , ), ( , ) is
tic
, ?
a
 Why distance between ( , ) and ( , ) is ( − ) −( − ) ?
em
 Why sum of interior angles of triangle is 1800?
 Why volume of sphere is ?
ath
 Why curved surface area of cylinder is 2 ℎ?
 Why area of circle is r 2 ?
 Why cos is negative in second quadrant?
rm
 Why sum of roots of quadratic equation is b / a ?

………….100’s of many more why’s.,
ee
come to PIONEER EDUCATION

pi on
w.
ww

DynamiteBooket PDF

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

DynamiteBooket PDF

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

L. K. Gupta (Mathematic Classes) www.pioneermathematics.

com MOBILE: 9815527721, 4617721

segments thus obtained.

If ratio is positive then divides internally and if ratio is negative then

and (x 1  x 2  x 3 , y 1  y 2  y 3 ). (3  x 1  x 2 ,3  y 1  y 2 )

center therefore all lie on a straight line.

10  ( 11)  10  ( 25)  2  28  196

Complex number as a rotating arrow in Argand plane:

Now line AB is rotated through an angle of 15°

⟹ ∠CAX=45° + 15° = 60° and AB = AC = 2

∵ O is the mid point of AC and BD

     Hence new co-ordinates are   , 

(a)28 (b)0 (c)−1 (d) 1

2. The square root of −5−12i is

Sol. (c) “Pioneer Smart Solution”.

5  12  (2  3i)2  |z |  Rez |z |  Rez 

“Pioneer Smart Solution (ii)”

z  7i “Pioneer Smart Solution”:

segment connection the points 7i, −7i.

Sol. (b): Equation of pair of tangent to a circle is  PT  4

S = x2 +y2 −4 now tan   

ax 2  2hxy  by 2  2gx  2fy  c

9. The radius of the circle 3x 2  3y 2  9x  8y  4  0 is

4. 3 = 1.73205 08075 68877 2935 ……

“Special Power Series”

Sinh x = x +    ...  +… (all x)

… + (-1)n +… (|x| < 1)

mn Neutron rest mass 1.675  10-27 kg

 Dirac’s constant (= h/2 π ) 1.055  1034 J s

σ Stefan-Boltzmann constant 5.670  10-8 J m-2 K-4 s-1

μo Permeability of free space 4 π  10-7 H m-1

R Gas constant 8.314 J K-1 mol-1

First check your Concept

 Why centroid of triangle whose vertices are ( , ), ( , ), ( , ) is

 Why sum of roots of quadratic equation is b / a ?

come to PIONEER EDUCATION

Potrebbero piacerti anche