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Simple Fm Transmitter only with single Transistor

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Fm Transmitter with only one Transistor

    I was looking for a project to make for fun when i found this FM transmitter, i got curious because it is a best
project for fun as well as you tube, it is a simple FM transmitter but i make it it the simplest. I replaced the
variable capacitor with a fixed one, re-calculated its frequency to be able to tune it only by the coil instead of the
variable capacitor.
This circuit design is unstable because its resonant frequency drifts off if you get your hands close to the
antenna or the circuit, the length of the antenna affects the resonant frequency so you should fix it on a fix place
so that its frequency remain constant.
Note: It is a very simple transmitter but its range can be 2 km if u attach long antenna with it.

Components Required
R1  : 100ohm resistor
R2  : 4.7 ohms resistor
C1  : 1nF ceramic capacitor
C2  : 47pf ceramic capacitor
Q    : bc2655,2n222 or 2N3094
L     : 212nH (5 turns of 15 gauge copper wire) 
Mic : Condenser  mic
Bat : 3v battery and its holder
Ant : Ideally a piece of wire, 1/4 or 1/2 of the wavelength of the frequency if you want more range then use
roof antenna and adjust frequency to increase and decrease the space between inducter coil.

Note 
       6v battery can be used to increase the range of this transmitter 
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Circuit Diagram

Watch vedio 

Working of FM Transmitter Circuit

The following circuit diagram shows the FM transmitter circuit and the required  electronic and electrical 
components for this circuit is the power supply of 3v to 6V,  capacitor,resistor,  inductor, mic and antenna. Let us
consider the microphone to understand the sound signals and inside the mic there is a presence of captive
sensor. It produces according to the vibration to the change of air pressure and the AC signal.

The formation of the oscillating tank circuit can be done through the transistor of sc2655 by using the induct0r
and capacitor. The transistor used in this circuit is a general purpose amplification transistor. If the current is
passed at the inductor coil and  capacitor then the tank circuit will oscillate at the resonant carrier frequency of
the FM modulation. The negative feedback will be the capacitor  to the oscillating tank circuit.
 FM transmitter circuit requires an oscillator  To generate the radio frequency carrier waves.   The tank circuit is
derived from the LC circuit to store the energy for oscillations. The input audio signal from the mic penetrated to
the base of the transistor, which modulates the LC tank circuit  carrier frequency in FM format. The variable
capacitor can be used to change the resonant frequency for fine modification to the FM frequency band but i did
not used variable capacitor because i have to made it very simple for students. The modulated signal from the
antenna is radiated as radio waves at the FM frequency band and the antenna is nothing but copper wire of 20 cm
long and 24 gauge. In this circuit the length of the antenna should be significant and here you can use the 25-27
inches long copper wire of the antenna or you can also increase its length with inductor coil for adjustment.

Application of Fm Transmitter
The FM transmitters are used in the homes like sound systems in halls to fill the sound with the audio
source.
These are also used in the cars and fitness centers.
The correctional facilities have used in the FM transmitters to reduce the prison noise in common areas.
It can also be used as hidden security voice.

Advantages of the FM Transmitters

The FM transmitters are easy to use and the price is very low with clear sound.
The efficiency of the transmitter is very high.
It has a large operating range.
This transmitter will reject the noise signal from an amplitude variation so it has very clear sound.

Disadvantages of the FM Transmitter

In the FM transmitter the huge wider channel is required.
The FM transmitter and receiver will tend to be more complex.
Due to some interference there is poor quality in the received signals
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In this article we have discussed about the FM transmitter circuit working and its applications. I hope by reading
this article you have gained some basic knowledge about the working of FM transmitter. 

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if you have any question about any circuit of electronic you can comment any time 
 

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Tags: bug, FM, FM bug, FM Transmitter, Simple Fm transmitter, single transistor fm transmitter, Transmitter

Comments 3

Yusuf Abdullahi April 11, 2019 at 9:10 am

Thank you for this project, its really educative. My only observation is that you did not indicate the antenna on the circuit diagram.
REPLY

admin May 5, 2019 at 12:37 am

sorry for that plz connact antenna on collector point of transmitter

REPLY

Yazid May 9, 2019 at 3:43 am

Can you explain how to calculate the freq ?

REPLY

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