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Arithmetic

operations on numbers (6.papers)

hcf and lcm (5.papers)
averages (8.papers)
problems on ages (9.papers)
percentage (4.papers)
profit and loss (4.papers)
ratio and proportion (5.papers)
chain rule (5.papers)
time and work (4.papers)
pipes and cisterns (5.papers)
time and distance (5.papers)
problems on trains (8.papers)
boats and streams (7.papers)
partnership (6.papers)
simple interest (4.papers)
compound interest (2.papers)
permutation and combination (3.papers)
clock (2.papers)
calendar (3.papers)
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 1.Show Questions only ?

arithmetic profit and loss questions and answers

1
Find Selling price, when Cost price = Rs. 50, Gain = 20%

A. Rs.55
B. Rs.60
C. Rs.70
D. Rs.75
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Answer :
(B)
Rs.60

Description :
Solution: S.P = 120% of Rs. 50 = Rs. (120/100 * 50) = Rs. 60.

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2
Find cost price., when selling price is Rs. 48, Loss = 25%

A. Rs.60
B. Rs.64
C. Rs.70
D. Rs.75
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Answer :
(B)
Rs.64

Description :
Solution: C.P = Rs. (100/75 * 48) = Rs. 64

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3
A Box was sold for Rs. 55 with a profit of 10%. If it were sold for Rs. 51.5, then what would have been the
percentage of profit or loss?

A. 2%
B. 5%
C. 3%
D. 7%
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Answer :
(C)
3%

Description :
Solution: S.P = Rs. 55, Profit =10%.

So, C.P =Rs.(100/110 * 55) = Rs. 50.

when S.P = Rs. 51.5, profit = Rs. (51.5 - 50) = Rs. 1.5.

Profit% = (1.5/50 *100)% = 3%.

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4
The Cost price of 18 apples is equal to selling price of 15 apples. Find the gain or loss percent.

A. 15%
B. 17%
C. 25%
D. 20%
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Answer :
(D)
20%

Description :
Solution: 1st method : Let C.P. of each apple be Re. 1.

then, C.P. of 18 apples = Rs. 18. So, S.P. of 15 apples = Rs. 18.

.'. Gain% = (3/15 * 100) = 20%.

2nd Method : Cost price of x apples is equal to the selling price of y apples then the loss or gain percent is :

(x - y)*100/y according as - or + sign.

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5
A dealer professes to sell his goods at cost price but uses a false weight of 80 gms for a 100 gms. weight.
Find his gain percent.

A. 25%
B. 30%
C. 20%
D. 10%
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Answer :
(A)
25%

Description :
Solution: Gain% = [error*100/(true value) - (error)]% = 20*100/(100-20)= 25%

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6
A merchant sold an article at a loss of 10%. If the selling price had been increased by Rs. 45,there would
have been a gain of 5%. What was the cost price of the article?

A. Rs.350
B. Rs.450
C. Rs.300
D. Rs.200
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Answer :
(C)
Rs.300

Description :
Solution: Let C.P. be Rs. X. then, (105% of x) - (90% of x) = 45 or 15% of x =45.

.'. 3x/20 = 45

=> x = 15*20 = Rs. 300

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7
The price of a vehicle, passing through three hands, rises on the whole by 65%. If the first and the secon
d sellers earned 20% and 25% profit respectively. Find the percentage profit earned by the third seller.

A. 20%
B. 5%
C. 15%
D. 10%
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Answer :
(D)
10%

Description :
Solution: Let the original price of the vehicle be Rs. X and let the profit earned by the third seller be Y%.

Then, (100+Y)% of 125% of 120% of X = 165% of X.

[(100+Y)/100 * 125/100 * 120/100 * X] =165/100 * X.

100+Y = 165*100*100/(125*120) = 110 => Y= 10%

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8
After getting two successive discounts, a shirt with a list price of Rs. 300 is available at Rs. 210. if the sec
ond discount is 12.5%, find the first discount.

A. 15%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 12.5%
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Answer :
(B)
20%

Description :
Solution: let the first discount be x%.

Then, 87.5% of(100-x)% of 300 =210.

87.5/100 * (100-x)/100 of 300 =210 ==> 100-x = 210*100*100/(300*87.5) = 80 ==> x = (100-80) = 20.

.'. First discount = 20%.

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9
A books seller buys 80 books at the marked price of 72 books from a wholesaler. If he sells these books
giving a discount of 1%, what is the profit percent?

A. 15%
B. 12%
C. 10%
D. 20%
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Answer :
(C)
10%

Description :
Solution: Let the marked price of each book be Re. 1.

then, C.P. of 80 books = Rs. 72. S.P. of 80 pens = 99% of Rs. 80 = Rs. 79.20.

.'. Profit% = (7.20/72 * 100)% = 10%

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10
To get the more profit, which is the best transaction?

A. C.P. = Rs. 18, profit = Rs. 9

B. C.P. = Rs. 25, profit = Rs. 12
C. C.P.= Rs. 20, profit = Rs. 8
D. C.P.= Rs. 30, profit = Rs. 18
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Answer :
(D)
C.P.= Rs. 30, profit = Rs. 18

Description :
Solution: (A) Profit% = (9*100/18) =50%.

(B) profit% = (12*100/25) = 48%.

(C)profit% = (8*100/20) = 40%.

(D) profit% = (18*100/30) = 60%.

From the above results clearly, (D) is the best transaction.

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11
Ramanujan buys an old scooter for Rs. 5400 and spends Rs. 600 on its repairs. If he sells the scooter for
Rs. 6600, his gain percent is :

A. 20%
B. 12%
C. 10%
D. 5%
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Answer :
(C)
10%

Description :
Solution: C.P. =Rs. (5400+600) =Rs. 6000; S.P. = Rs. 6600.

Gain% = (600*100/6000) = 10%.

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12
A shopkeeper expects a gain of 25% on his cost price. If in a week, his sale was of Rs. 400, what was his
profit?

A. Rs. 80
B. Rs. 70
C. Rs. 25
D. Rs. 50
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Answer :
(A)
Rs. 80

Description :
Solution: C.P. = Rs. (100*400/125) = Rs. 320.

.'. Profit = Rs. (400 - 320) = Rs. 80.

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13
A supplier undertakes to supply 2000 pieces of a particular item at Rs. 25 per piece. According to his esti
mates, even if 5% fail to pass the quality tests, then he will make a profit of 25%. However, as it turned ou
t. 50% of the items were rejected. what is the loss to the supplier?

A. Rs.12000
B. Rs.13000
C. Rs.14000
D. Rs.15000
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Answer :
(B)
Rs.13000

Description :
Solution: Total cost incurred = Rs. [100/125 * 25* (95% of 2000)]

= Rs. (100/125 * 25 *1900) = Rs. 38000.

Loss of the supplier = Rs. [38000-(25*1000)] = Rs. 13,000.

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14
A cloth merchant sells one shirt for Rs. 420 at a gain of 20% and another for Rs. 480 at a loss of 4%. His
total gain or loss percent is :

A. 5.9
B. 6.2
C. 4.7
D. 6
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Answer :
(A)
5.9

Description :
Solution: C.P. of 1st shirt = Rs. (100*420/120) = Rs. 350.

C.P. of 2nd shirt = Rs.(100*480/96) = Rs. 500.

So, total C.P. = Rs. (350+500) =Rs. 850.

Total S.P. = Rs. (420+480) =Rs. 900.

.'. Gain% = (50*100/850) = 5.882 = 5.9.

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15
The ratio of the cost price and the selling price of an apple is 4 : 5. the profit percent is :

A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 30%
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Answer :
(C)
25%

Description :
Solution: Let C.P = Rs. 4x. Then S.P. = Rs. 5x. Gain = Rs.(5x-4x)= Rs.x.

Gain% = x/4x *100 = 25%.

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16
Nirmala gains 10% by selling her bicycle for a certain price. If she sells it at 2 times the price, the percent
age of profit will be :

A. 130%
B. 140%
C. 160%
D. 120%
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Answer :
(D)
120%

Description :
Solution: Let C.P =Rs. x. then, S.P. = Rs. (110% of x) = Rs. 11x/10.

New S.P. = Rs. (2*11x/10) =Rs. 22x/10. profit = Rs. (22x/10 - x) = Rs. 6x/5.

.'. Profit% = (6x/5 *1/x * 100) = 120%.

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17
By selling an article, Kishore earned a profit equal to two-fifth of the price he bought it. If he sold it for Rs.
350, what was the cost price?

A. Rs.220
B. Rs.200
C. Rs.250
D. Rs.180
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Answer :
(C)
Rs.250

Description :
Solution: S.P. = C.P.+2/5 C.P. = 7/5C.P.

.'. 7/5 C.P. = 350 => C.P. =Rs.(350*5/7) = Rs. 250.

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18
The profit earned by selling an article for Rs. 416 is equal to the loss incurred when the same article is sol
d for Rs. 224. What should be the sale price for making 30% profit?

A. Rs.426
B. Rs.448
C. Rs.416
D. Rs.532
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Answer :
(C)
Rs.416
Description :
Solution: Let C.P. =Rs. x. then, 416-x = x - 224

2x = 640

=> x = 320.

.'. Required S.P. =130% of Rs. 320 = Rs.(130*320/100) = Rs. 416.

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19
The percentage profit earned by selling an article for Rs. 960 is equal to the percentage loss incurred by s
elling the same article for Rs. 640. At what price should the article be sold to make 35% profit?

A. Rs.1080
B. Rs.980
C. Rs.1140
D. Rs.1060
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Answer :
(A)
Rs.1080

Description :
Solution: Let C.P be Rs. X. Then, (960-x)*100/x = (x-640)*100/x

=> 960 -x = x - 640.

=> 2x = 1600 => x =800.

.'. Required S.P. = 135% of Rs. 800 = Rs.(135*800/100) = Rs. 1080.

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20
If the cost price of 24 chocolates is equal to the selling price of 16 chocolates, the gain percent is :
 A. 24%
B. 8%
C. 50%
D. 40%
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Answer :
(C)
50%

Description :
Solution: Let C.P. of each chocolate be Re. 1. then, C.P. of 16 chocolates = Rs. 16;

S.P. of 16 chocolates =Rs. 24.

.'. Gain% = 8*100/16 = 50%

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