CHAPTER

HEIGHT AND DISTANCE

19
Angle of elevation:- Angle Ratio of 45º =
Base : Height : Hypotenuse
P 1 : 1 : 2
(Object)
on OB:OA :AB
vati

v
r  1 : 1 : 2 
se
f ob

da
eo
LinAngle of elevation (C) B

O M

Ya
(Observer) Horizontal line
2
Angle of Depression :- 3

h
(Observer)
Horizontal line
O M A O

Lin Angle of depression
eo
fs
es 1

Angle Ratio of 60º =

ak
igh
t Base : Height : Hypotenuse
1 : 3 : 2
(Object)
yR

P
OB:OA :AB
 3 : 1 : 2 
(A) B
sb

2
1 1. If the angle of elevation of the top of a building
0

A
30
O from a point 10 3 m away from its base is 600, the
3 height of the building is:-
h

Angle Ratio of 30º = fdlh ehukj ds vk/kj ls10 3 ehVj dh nwjh ij fLFkr fdlh fcanq ls
at

Base : Height : Hypotenuse mlds f'k[kj dk mUu;u dksa.k

60°. gS] ehukj dh ÅapkbZ crkb,%
3 : 1 : 2 (a) 10 m (b) 20 m
M

10
OB:OA :AB (c) m (d) 30 m
3
 1 : 3 : 2  2. The length of a string between a kite and a point
on the ground is 50 m. The string makes an angle of
600 with the level ground. If there is no slack in the
(B) string, the height of the kite is:-
B 50 ehVj /kxs ds lkFk60
o0 ds mUu;u dksa.k ij mM+ jgh irax dh vk/
kj ls ÅapkbZ crkb,%
2 1 (a) 50 3 m (b) 25 3 m

25
A O (c) 25 m (d) 3 m
1

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3. The top of two poles of height 24m and 36 m are con- 8. At a point on the level ground, the angle of eleva-
nected by a wire. If the wire makes an angle of 60° tion of a vertical tower is found to be such that its
with the horizontal, then the length of the wire is tangent is 5/12. on Walking 192 m towards the
;fn nks [kaHks tks
24 fd
eh-vkSj36 eh-mQ¡ps gS] ds f'k[kjksa dks ,d jLlhtower, the tangent of the elevation is 3/4. Find
}kjk cka/k x;k gSA ;fn jLlh {kSfrt60º
ds lkFk
dk dks.k cukrh gS rks jLlh the height of the tower.
dh yackbZ D;k gksxh\ eSnku ij fdlh fcanq ls fdlh ehukj ls f'k[kj ds mUu;u dks.k dk Vsut
(a) 6m (b) 8 3 m 1/5 gSA ehukj dh rjiQ192 ehVj pyus ij mUu;u dks.k dk VsutsUV
3/4 gks tkrk gSA ehukj dh Å¡pkbZ Kkr djsaA
(c) 8 m (d) 6 3 m
(a) 216 m (b) 117 m
4. A telegraph post is bent at a point above the ground
due to storm. Its top just meets the ground at a (c) 162 m (d) 168 m
9. At a point on a horizontal line through the base of
distance of 8 3 metres from its foot and makes an a monument, the angle of elevation of the top of

v
angle of 30º, then the height of post is: the monument is found to be such that its tan-
rwiQku ds dkj.k VsyhxzkiQ dk ,d [kEHkk eqM+dj tehu ds mQij ,d fcUnq1

da
gent is . On walking 138 metres towards the
ij fey x;k gSA mldk f'k[kj mlds ikn 8ls 3 ehVj dh nwjh ij 5
tehu dks Li'kZ djrk gS 30
vkSj
dk dks.k cukrk gS] rks [kEHks dh mQ¡pkbZ
monument the secant of the angle of elevation is

Ya
ehVj fdruh gksxh\ 193
(a) 16 metres (b) 23 metres found to be . The height of monument (in
12
(c) 24 metres (d) 10 metres metre) is:
5. A vertical post 15 ft high is broken at a certain

h
height and its upper part, not completely separated,
eSnku ij fdlh fcanq ls fdlh ehukj ls f'k[kj ds mUu;u dks.k dk Vsut
1/5 gSA ehukj dh rjiQ138 ehVj pyus ij mUu;u dks.k dk lhdsaUV
meets the ground at an angle of 30º. Find the
height at which the post is broken:
es 193
15 iQhV dh mQ¡pkbZ okyk ,d isM+ gok ls chp ls >qd tkrk gS o isM+gks tkrk gSA ehukj dh Å¡pkbZ Kkr djsaA
12
ak
dk 'kh"kZ isM+ ds vk/kj 30º
ry ijdk dks.k cukrk gS] rks Kkr dhft,
(a) 35 (b) 49
fd isM+ fdl mQ¡pkbZ ls >qdk\
(c) 42 (d) 56
(a) 10 ft (b) 5 ft
yR

10. The angle of elevation of an aeroplane from a point


(c) 15 3 2 – 3 ft  (d) 5 3 ft on the ground is 60º. After 15 seconds flight, the el-
evation changes to 30º. If the aeroplane is flying at
6. At the foot of the mountain the elevation of its
summit is 450 ; after ascending 4km towards the a height of 1500 3 m, find the speed of the plane:
sb

mountain up a slope of 30 0 inclination, the

i`Foh ds ,d fcUnq ls ,d foeku dk mUu;u 60
dks.k
gSA 15 lsdsaM dh
elevation is found to be 600 , Then find the height
mM+ku ds ckn] mUu;u 30 dks.k
gks tkrk gSA rn~uqlkj] ;fn foeku
of the mountain:-
fdlh ioZr ds ikn ij bldh pksVh dk mUu;u 45
dks.k
0
gSA
4 fdeh- 1500 3 ehVj dh mQ¡pkbZ ij mM+ jgk gks] rks mldh xfr Kkr dh
h

ioZr ij 30 ds >qdko ij p<+us ij mUUk;u60

0
dks.k
0
ik;kA ioZr dh (a) 300 m/s (b) 200 m/s
at

ÅapkbZ Kkr dhft,% (c) 100 m/s (d) 150 m/s

11. A boy standing in the middle of a field, observes a
(a) 2  
3 1 km (b) 2  3 – 1 km

M

flying bird in the north at an angle of elevation of

30º and after 2 minutes, he observes the same
(c) 2  2  1 km
 (d) 2 2 – 1 km bird in the south at an angle of elevation of 60º. If
the bird flies all along in a straight line at a height
7. A tree is broken by the wind. If the top of the tree
struck the ground at an angle of 30º and at a dis- of 50 3 m, then its speed in km/h is:
tance of 30 m from the root, then the height of the
tree is: ,d yM+dk fdlh eSnku ds chp esa [kM+s gksdj mÙkj dh vksj ,d fp
,d isaM+ gok ls VwV tkrk gS vxj isM+ dk 'kh"kZ30º ds tehu ijdks30º ds mUUk;u dks.k ij ns[krk gSA nks feuV ds ckn] mlh f
Hkkx
dks.k ij vkSj bldh tM+30
ls ehVj dh nwjh ij >qd tkrk gS] rks isM+dks nf{k.k fn'kk60º
esads mUu;u dks.k ij ns[krk gSA vxj fpfM+;
dh mQ¡pkbZ Kkr dhft,% 50 3 ehVj dh leku mQ¡pkbZ ij mM+ jgh gS] rks bldh pky
(a) 25 3 m (b) 30 3 m dhft,%
(a) 4.5 (b) 3
(c) 15 3 m (d) 20 3 m (c) 9 (d) 6

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12. Two poles of equal heights are standing opposite fdlh lery esa mèokZ/j [kM+s
ABVkWoj
ds 'kh"kZ ij mlh ry esa fLFkr fdlh
to each other on either side of a road which is fcUnqP ls cuk;k x;k mUu;u dks.k
60º gSA ,d nwljs fcUnq
Q tks fcUnq
100m wide. From a point between them on road,
P ls 10 eh- dh nwjh ij fLFkr gS ls VkWoj ds ikn ds lkFk cuk;k
angles of elevation of their tops are 30º and 60º.
The height of each pole in metre, is: voueu dks.k30º gSA VkWoj dh mQ¡pkbZ Kkr djsa\
(a) 15 m (b) 30 m
cjkcj mQ¡pkbZ ds nks [kEHkksa
100 ehVj,dpkSM+h lM+d ds nksuksa vksj
(c) 20
vkeus&lkeus [kM+s gSaA lM+d muds chp ,d fcUnq ls muds f'k[kj ds m (d) 25 m
mUu;u dks.k 16. From(;g
30 vkSj60 gSaA izR;sd [kEHks dh ehVj esa mQ¡pkbZ a point P on the ground the angle of eleva-
tion of the top of a 10m tall building is 30°. A flag is
ekudj fd /kxk lh/h js[kk esa gS) gS%
hoisted at the top of the building and the angle of
(a) 25 3 (b) 20 3 elevation of the top of the flagstaff from P is 45°.
Find the length of the flagstaff (Take 3  1.732 )
(c) 28 3 (d) 30 3
tehu ij fLFkr fdlh fcanq P ls 10 eh- mQ¡ps fdlh edku ds 'kh"kZ dk

v
13. From an aeroplane just over a river, trees on the mUUk;u dks.k30º gSA bl edku ds 'kh"kZ ij ,d >aMk yxk;k x;k gS vkS

da
opposite bank of the river are found to be at an fcanq
P ls bl >aMs ds 'kh"kZ dk mUu;u 45ºdks.k
gSA >aMs dh yackbZ Kk
angle of 60° and 30° respectively. If the breadth of
the river is 400 metres, then the height of the
djsa\( 3  1.732 ysus ij)
aeroplane above the river at that instant is (As-

Ya
(a) 10  30  2 m
 (b) 10  30  1 m

sume 3  1.732 )
,d gokbZ tgkt ,d unh ds Bhd mQij mM+ jgk gS unh ds nksuksa (c) 10 3 m
fdukjksa (d) 7.32 m
ij fLFkr nks isM+ks ls bl tgkt ds }kjk cuk;s x, voueu dks.k17.
Øe'k%
An aeroplane when flying at a height of 5000m from

h
the ground passes vertically above another aeroplane
60º rFkk30º gSA ;fn unh dh pkSM+kbZ
400 ehVj gS rks ml le; unh
at an instant, when the angles of elevation of the
ds mQij mM+ jgs tgkt dh mQ¡pkbZ( Kkr djsa\ ysus ij)
(a) 173.2 metres
(c) 519.6 metres
3  1.732
(b) 346.4 metres
(d) 692.8 metres
es two aeroplanes from the same point on the ground
are 60°and 45° respectively. The vertical distance
between the aeroplanes at that instant is
ak
14. From the top of a tower of height 180m the angles Hkwry5000
ls ehVj dh mQ¡pkbZ ij mM+rk gqvk ,d foeku ,d {k.k
of depression of two objects on both sides of the ,d vU; foeku ds mQèokZ/j mQij mM+rk gS] vkSj rc Hkwry ds ,d
tower are 30° and 45°. Then the distance between ls nksuksa foekuksa ds mUu;u60º
dks.k
rFkk
Øe'k%
45º gks tkrs gSaA rn~uqlkj
yR

the objects are ml {k.k nksuksa foekuksa ds chp gh mQèokZ/j nwjh fdruh gS%
180 eh- mQ¡ps fdlh Vkoj ds 'kh"kZ ls blds nksuksa vksj fLFkr nks oLrqvksa
ds voueu dks.k Øe'k% chp5000  3 – 1 m
30º rFkk45º gSaA rc bu nksuksa oLrqvksa ds(a) (b) 5000  3 – 3  m
dh nwjh Kkr djsa\
sb

  
(a) 180 3  3 m (b) 180 3 – 3 m (c) 5000 1 – m (d) 4500 m
     3

(c) 180  3 –1 m
 (d) 180  3 1 m

h

18. If the length of the shadow of a pole is 3 times

15. A vertical pole and a vertical tower are standing the height of the pole the angle of elevation of sun
at

on the same level ground. Height of the pole is 10 is:-

metres. From the top of the pole the angle of
fdlh [kEHks dh Nk;k mldh mQ¡pkbZ
3 xquk
dh gS] izdk'k dk dks.k
M

elevation of the top of the tower and angle of

depression of the foot of the tower are 60° and 30° crk,b%
respectively. The height of the tower is (a) 60º (b) 30º
,d [akHkk rFkk ,d VkWoj tehu ij [kM+s gSA [kaHks
10 eh- dh
gSAmQ¡pkbZ
(c) 45º (d) 90º
[kaHks ds 'kh"kZ ls VkWoj ds 'kh"kZ rFkk ikn ds voueu dks.kThe
60º 19. Øe'k%
foot of a ladder leaning against a wall of height
rFkk30º gSA VkWoj dh mQ¡pkbZ Kkr djsa\
5 metre rest on a level ground 5 3 metre from the
(a) 20 m (b) 30 m
base of the wall. The angle of inclination of the
(c) 40 m (d) 50 m
ladder with the ground is:-
15. The angle of elevation of the top of a vertical tower
situated perpendicularly on a plane is observed as 5 ehVj mQ¡ph fdlh nhokjds vk/kj
5 3lsehVj dh nwjh ij >qdh ,d
60° from a point P on the same plane. From another lh<+h dk vk/kj ij mUu;u dks.k Kkr djsa\
point Q, 10m vertically above the point P, the angle
of depression of the foot of the tower is 30°. The height (a) 60º (b) 50º
of the tower is (c) 40º (d) 30º

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20. The angle of elevation of a moon when the length 16 ehVj vkSj
9 ehVj yackbZ okys nks [kEHkksa dh x ehVj
chp dh
gSnwjh
of the shadow of a pole is equal to its height is:- muds vk/kj ls f'k[kj ds ,d nwljs ds mUu;u dks.k ijLij iwjd
x gSA
fdlh [kaHks dh Nk;k ;fn mldh mQ¡pkbZ ds cjkcj gks] rks ml le; izdk'k
dk eku Kkr djksA
dk dks.k Kkr djsa\ (a) 15 (b) 16
(a) 30º (b) 45º (c) 12 (d) 9
(c) 60º (d) 90º 26. The angle of elevation of the top of a chimney and
roof of the building from a point on the ground are 45°
1
21. The length of a shadow of a vertical tower is times and xº respectively. The height of building is h metre.
3 Then the height of the chimney,(in metre) is
its height. The angle of elevation of the Sun is:- Hkwfery ds ,d fcUnq ls ,d Hkou ds 'kh"kZ rFkk mldh fpeuh ds
1 ds mUu;u dks.k Øe'k%
x rFkk45º rFkk ml Hkou dh mQ¡pkbZ
h ehVj
fdlh [kaHks dh ijNkbZ mldh mQ¡pkbZ gS izdk'k dk dks.k crkb,\ gSA rn~uqlkj fpeuh dh m¡QpkbZ ehVj esa fdruh gksxh\
xquhdh

v
3
(a) h cot x+ h (b) h cot x – h

da
(a) 30º (b) 45º (c) h tan x – h (d) h tan x +h
(c) 60º (d) 90º 27. A round balloon of radius r subtends an angle  at
22. A vertical stick 12 cm long casts a shadow 8 cm the eye of an observer while the angle of eleva-

Ya
long on the ground. At the same time, a tower casts
a shadow 40 m long on the ground. The height of
tion of its centre is  . Find the height of its cen-
the tower is tre from horizontal is
12 lseh yach ,d NM+h eSnku ij yach ijNkbZ cukrh gS mlh le; ,d r ehVj f=kT;k dk ,d xqCckjk fdlh i;Zos{kd dhvk¡[k
8 lseh ° dk dks.k
ij
ehukj eSnku40 ij ehVj yach ijNkbZ cukrh gSA ehukj dh ÅapkbZ Kkr djksA
cukrk gS tcfd blds dsUnz ls mUu;udks.k° gS rks xqCckjs ds dsUnz

h
(a) 72 m (b) 60 m fdruh ÅapkbZ ij gSA
(c) 65 m (d) 70 m
es
23. The angle of elevation of the top of a building from (a) h = r sin .cos ec  2 (b) h = sin . cos ec  2
ak
the top and bottom of a tree are x and y respectively.
If the height of the tree is h metre, then (in metre) (c) h = r cos .cos ec  2 (d) h = r s in .s e c  2
the height of the building is
28. A spherical balloon of radius r subtends angle 60º
,d Hkou ds 'kh"kZ ds lkFk ,d isM+ ds 'kh"kZ ,oa v/ksHkkx ls mUu;u dks.k
yR

at the eye of an observer. If the angle of elevation

Øe'k%x rFkk y gSaA rn~uqlkj ;fn ml isM+ dh h ehVj
mQ¡pkbZ
gks] rks ml of its centre is 60º and h is height of the centre of
Hkou dh mQ¡pkbZ fdrus ehVj gS\ the balloon, then which one of the following is cor-
h cot x h cot y rect?
sb

(a) cot x  cot y (b) cot x  cot y ,d xqCCkkjk ftldh f=kT;k

r gS] ,d izs{kd dh vk¡[k60º
ij dk dks.k
cukrk gS tcfd xqCckjs ds dsUæ dk mUu;u
60º gS
dks.k
vkSj xqCckjs ds
h cot x h cot y
(c) cot x – cot y (d) cot x – cot y dsUæ dh mQ¡pkbZ
h gSA rc fuEu esa dkSu&lk lgh gS\
h

24. Two post are x metres apart and the height of one (a) h = r (b) h = 2r
is double that of the other. If from the mid-point of
at

(c) h = 3r (d) h = 2r
the line joining their feet an observer finds the an-
gular elevations of their tops to be complementary, The angle of elevation of a cloud from height H
29.
M

then the height (in metres) of the shorter post is above the level of water in a lake is  and the
nks [kaHks ftuesa ,d dh mQ¡pkbZ nwljs dh nqxquh
x ehVj
gS]dh
,d nwljsangle
ls of the depression of its image in the lake is
nwjh ij gSaA ;fn muds ryksa ds tksM+us okyh js[kk ds eè;fcanq ls
 .muds
Find'kh"kksZ
the height of the cloud above the surface
dk mUu;u dks.k ,d nwljs ds iwjd gks rks NksVs [kaHks dh mQ¡pkbZ
of the D;k
lake.gS\
x x ikuh dh lrg ls H eh- dh mQ¡pkbZ ls fdlh ckny dk mUu;u dks.k fdlh
(a) (b)
2 2 4 >hy esa gS] vkSj blds izfrfcEc dk voueu dks.k
 gS] rks >hy dh
x lrg ls ckny dh mQ¡pkbZ Kkr dhft,\
(c) x 2 (d)
2
h cot  cotβ cot  cot β
25. The distance between two pillars of length 16 (a) m = (b) m =
metres and 9 metres is x metres. If two angles of cot – cotβ cot – cot β
elevation of their respective top from the bottom
of the other are complementary to each other then h cot – cotβ cot – cot β
(c) m = (d) m =
the value of x ( in metres) is cot – cotβ cot  cot β

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30. The angle of elevation of the top of a tower at two 32. Each side of an equilateral triangle subtends on
points which are at a distance a and b from foot in
angle of 60° at top of tower h meter high located at
the same horizontal line and on the same side of
the tower, are complementary. The height of the the centre of triangle. If a is the length of each
tower is:- side of triangle of triangle then
fdlh ehukj ds vk/kj lsa vkSjb ehVj dh nwjh ij nks fcUnqvksa ls ehukj
fdlh leckgq f=kHkqt dh izR;sdh ehVj
Hkqtkšph ehukj tks dh f=kHkqt
ds f'k[kj ds mUu;u dks.k ijLij iwjd gSaA ehukj dh mQ¡pkbZ%
ds dsUnz ij fLFkr gS ds f'k[kj
60°ijdk mUu;u dks.k cukrh gS ;fn
(a) ab (b) ab f=kHkqt dh izR;sd Hkqtk dh a gS]
yEckbZ
rks
a b (a) 3a²=2h² (b) 2a²=3h²
(c) (d)
b a (c) a² = 3h² (d) 3a² = h²
31. A flagstaff. 5 m. high stands on a building 25m.
33. The angle of elevation of the top of a tower from 2

v
high An observer at a height of 30 m. finds the
flagstaff and the building subtends equal angle. points A&B lying on the horizontal through the foot

da
Find the distance of the observer from the flag staff.
of the tower are resp. 15° & 30° Find height of the
,d 5 ehVj Å¡pk èotnaM
25 ehVj Å¡ph bekjr ij [kM+k gSA ,d izs{kd
tower where AB = 48 cm
tks fd 30 ehVj Å¡pkbZ ij [kM+k gS ikrk gS fd èotnaM vkSj bekjr nksuksa

Ya
cjkcj dks.k cukrh gSA izs{kd dh èotnaM dh nwjh Kkr djsaA nks fcUnqvksa
A vkSj
B ls ,d ehukj ds f'k[kj ij Øe'k%15° rFkk30°
dk mUu;u dks.k curk gS rks ehukj dh Å¡pkbZ Kkr A = djsaA
48 ;fn
5 3 6 3
(a)
2
(b)
3 lsaVhehVj gSA

h
(a) 48 (b) 24
6 4 4 2
(c)
2
(d)
6
es (c) 36 (d) 42
ak
yR
h sb
at
M

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