Speech and

Oral Communication

BRYAN A. POBE
Speech Communication

◼ Phonetics- study of speech sounds

production
Speech Communication

◼ Pronunciation- speech sound articulation

Stress- pronouncing one syllable of a

multisyllabic word with greater emphasis
(stress) than the other syllables in the word.

ceremony
comfortable
Speech Communication

Intonation- describes how the voice rises and

falls in speech

1. Falling intonation- describes how the voice

falls on the final stressed syllable of a phrase or
a group of words. A falling intonation is very
common in wh-questions.

Where’s the nearest post-office?

2. Rising intonation - describes how the voice
rises at the end of a sentence. Rising intonation
is common in yes-no questions.

Are you thirsty?

hear the Health Centre is expanding. So, is that
the new doctor?
3. Fall-rise intonation- describes how the
voice falls and then rises when we request
information or invite somebody to do or to
have something.

Is this your cam era?

Speech Communication

Accent- a distinctive mode of pronunciation of

a language, especially one associated with a
particular nation, locality, or social class

Pitch – the rise and fall of our voice when we

speak, sometimes called "highness" or
"lowness."
Speech Communication

Rate- is how fast or slow a person speaks

an average person speaks at somewhere

between 125 and 150 words per minute

Juncture- pauses between words

Oral Communication
TRUE or FALSE

◼ The goal of communication is understanding.

◼ Communication is a one-way process.
◼ Communication is both verbal and non-
verbal.
Communication Process: Components

◼ Sender The person with the message to

_______:
communicate

◼ Receiver The person or persons whom the

________:
message is addressed; the person who
interprets the message.
Communication Process: Components

◼ Message Any idea the sender wants the

________:
receiver to understand.
◼ ______:
Verbal with words, organization
◼ _________:
Non-verbal appearance, tone of voice,
gestures, facial expressions, eye contact.
Communication Process: Components

◼ ________:
Feedback The receiver’s observable
response / reaction to the sender’s message.

◼ Channel The medium that carries the

________:
message in communication.
❑ Examples: Face to face, written, electronic
Communication Process: Components

◼ _______________________:
Noise, Interference, Barriers Any distraction
(external or internal) which competes with the
message for the receiver’s attention.
environment - coughing, whispering,
❑ Physical/____________
talking, temperature of a room.
❑ Physiological
____________ - headache or hunger
❑ attitudinal - attitudes, emotions,
Psychological/_________
stereotypes
❑ Social barrier - the person communicating with
____________
you is not your friend or someone you respect.
Communication Process: Components

❑ Educational - Example: “I’m too smart to listen

___________
to this stuff!”
❑ Cultural
_______ - difference in political, cultural, religious
beliefs, etc.
SPEECH WRITING

◼ Introduction
◼ Body
◼ Conclusion
TYPES OF SPEECH according to
DELIVERY
◼ IMPROMPTU SPEECH
◼ EXTEMPORANEOUS
◼ MEMORIZED
◼ READING FROM THE MANUSCRIPT
TYPES OF SPEECH according to
FUNCTION
◼ NARRATIVE SPEECH
◼ INFORMATIVE/EXPOSITORY SPEECH
◼ PERSUASIVE
◼ INSPIRATIONAL
LEVELS OF SPEECH

◼ 1. FROZEN
◼ 2. FORMAL
◼ 3. CONSULATIVE
◼ 4. CASUAL
◼ 5. INTIMATE
NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
1. PROXEMICS (space)
2. HAPTICS (touch)
3. KINESICS (body movements)
4. OCULESICS (eye contact)
5. OBJECTICS (objects)
6. OLFACTICS (smell)
COMMUNICATION IN
CONTEXT
◼ INTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
◼ INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
◼ GROUP COMMUNICATION
◼ PUBLIC COMMUNICATION
◼ MASS COMMUNICATION