PROFED QUESTIONNAIRE

1. Teacher who subscribes to the pragmatic philosophy of education believes that experience study should follow learning in her
teaching. Which of the following does she do to support her belief?
a. Encouraging learners to memorize factual knowledge
b. Equipping learners with the basic abilities and skills
c. Providing learners opportunities to apply theories and principles
d. Requiring learners full master of the lesson.
Answer: C
Pragmatism (Experientialism)
For pragmatists, only those things that are experienced or observed are real. In this late 19th century American philosophy, the
focus is on the reality of experience. Unlike the Realists and Rationalists, Pragmatists believe that reality is constantly changing and
that we learn best through applying our experiences and thoughts to problems, as they arise. The universe is dynamic and evolving,
a "becoming" view of the world. There is no absolute and unchanging truth, but rather, truth is what works. Pragmatism is derived
from the teaching of Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914), who believed that thought must produce action, rather than linger in the
mind and lead to indecisiveness.
2. What concept can best describes Francisco's ability to walk without a support at age of 12 months because of the "internal
ripening" that occurred in his muscles, bones and nervous system development?
a. Development
b. Growth
c. Learning
d. Maturation
Answer: D
* maturation is the process of development in which an individual matures or reaches full functionality. Originally, maturation
examined only biological forces, such as the aging process, involved in a child's changes in behaviour; is genetically controlled
* Growth - the process of increasing in physical size; genetically controlled
*Development - involves environmental or social domains
3. Which of the following theory can help Miss Samson determine the readiness of her learners by administering a readiness test?
a. Conditioning Theories
b. Cognitive Development Theory
c. Maturation Theory
d. Ethological Theory
Answer: C
* Maturational theory states that while the child’s social and cultural environments also play a role in their development, these
socializing forces are most effective when they are harmonious with the inner maturational timetable. He opposed efforts to teach
children things ahead of their developmental schedule, asserting that once the nervous system had matured adequately, a child
would begin mastering tasks such as sitting up, walking, and talking from their own inner urges.
* Ethology is the scientific study of behavior and development in evolutionary perspective. Its purpose is to identify behavior
patterns that have had, and may continue to have, significant impact on the survival of a species.
* Cognitive development is Jean Piaget's theory. Through a series of stages, Piaget proposed four stages of cognitive development:
the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational period.
4. Angela focuses her attention on the school work and vigorous play that consume most of her physical energy. Which stage of
psychosexual theory illustrates her behavior?
a. Oral
b. Anal
c. Phallic
d. Latency
Answer: D
Latency (6-puberty) - Much of the child's energy is channeled into developing new skills and acquiring new knowledge and play
becomes largely confined to other children of the same gender.
5. Trisha goes with her mother in school. She enjoys the workplace of her mother. Which of the following ecological theories is
illustrated by the situation?
a. Microsystem
b. Mesosystem
c. Exosystem
d. Macrosystem
Answer: C
*The microsystem is a child's immediate surroundings
*The mesosystem refers to the point in which two social microsystems merge. One example of a mesosystem is the combination of
the home and school environments.
*Macrosystem
The outermost layer which envelopes the microsystem, mesosystem and exosystem is called the macrosystem. According to
Boemmel and Briscoe (2001), the macrosystem consists of things that influence and sometimes support the child within the
environment such as culture, political systems, economic patterns, laws, customs, society and nationality.
6. What is the correct sequence of prenatal stages of development?
a. Embryo, germinal, fetus
b. Germinal, fetus, embryo
c. Germinal, embryo, fetus
d. Embryo, fetus, germinal
Answer: C
The Stages of Prenatal Development. The process of prenatal development occurs in three main stages. The first two weeks after
conception are known as the germinal stage; the third through the eighth week are known as the embryonic period, and the time
from the ninth week until birth is known as the fetal period.
7. Which theory operates on the "stimulus-response principle", which means all behaviors are caused by external stimuli?
a. Contextual theory
b. Behaviorist theory
c. Cognitive theory
d. Constructivist theory
Answer: B
Contextual learning is based on a constructivist theory of teaching and learning. Learning takes place when teachers are able to
present information in a way that students are able to construct meaning based on their own experiences.
Cognitive theory is an approach to psychology that attempts to explain human behavior by understanding your thought processes.
8. Ms. Erika in her Biology class accompanies her discussion with interesting visual aids. She strongly believes that students learn
better when lessons are presented with images, real or imagined aside from mere lecture method. Which learning theory does she
upholds?
a. Dual-Coding Theory
b. Information Processing Theory
c. Meaningful Reception Learning Theory
d. Social Cognitive Theory
Answer: A
Dual Coding Theory
Developed by Allan Paivio in the 1960s, dual-coding theory is a theory of cognition according to which humans process and
represent verbal and non-verbal information in separate, related systems.
Paivio used the idea that the formation of mental images aids in learning
according to Paivio, there are two ways a person could expand on learned material: verbal associations and visual imagery
Processing Theory
The information processing theory is a cognitive approach to understanding how the human mind transforms sensory
information. The model assumes that information that comes from the environment is subject to mental processes beyond a simple
stimulus-response pattern. "
Ausubel's "meaningful reception learning"
9. Teacher jay, a physical education teacher, demonstrates the new skill to be learned so that his students can watch him and later
reproduce the skill. What learning theory is associated with the situation?
a. Dual-Coding Learning Theory
b. Information Processing
c. Schema Learning Theory
d. Social Learning
Answer: D
* schema theory states that all knowledge is organized into units. Within these units of knowledge, or schemata, is stored
information. A schema, then, is a generalized description or a conceptual system for understanding knowledge-how knowledge is
represented and how it is used
10. Patrice is always fearful of freely roaming dogs but does not mind dogs in a pen or on a leash. What feature of classical
conditioning is exhibited?
a. Discrimination
b. Extinction
c. Generalization
d. Practice
Answer: A
Discrimination is a term used in both classical and operant conditioning. It involves the ability to distinguish between one stimulus
and similar stimuli. In both cases, it means only responding to certain stimuli but not to those that are similar
Stimulus generalization is the tendency for the conditioned stimulus to evoke similar responses after the response has been
conditioned.
Extinction is observed in both operantly conditioned and classically conditioned behavior. When operant behavior that has been
previously reinforced no longer produces reinforcing consequences the behavior gradually stops occurring.
11. A music teacher is careful in planning activities for each lesson. He praises liberally and rewards correct answers. What view of
learning is exhibited?
a. Classical conditioning
b. Meaningful learning
c. Operant conditioning
d. Social learning
Answer: C
Classical conditioning (also known as Pavlovian or respondent conditioning) refers to a learning procedure in which a biologically
potent stimulus (e.g. food) is paired with a previously neutral stimulus (e.g. a bell).
Meaningful learning is opposed to rote learning and refers to a learning method where the new knowledge to acquire is related with
previous knowledge (Ausubel 2000).
Operant conditioning is a type of learning where behavior is controlled by consequences. Key concepts in operant conditioning are
positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment and negative punishment.
Social learning theory (Albert Bandura) posits that learning is a cognitive process that takes place in a social context and can occur
purely through observation or direct instruction, even in the absence of motor reproduction or direct reinforcement.
12. Rita easily remembers dates and events in history. What component of LTM does Rita have?
a. Creative thinking
b. Critical thinking
c. Reflective thinking
d. Logical thinking
Answer: C
Critical thinking - thinking which involves evaluation and, perhaps, challenge.; the objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in
order to form a judgment
Creative thinking - is directed towards solving a problem in one’s own way. It often involves imagination and initiative.; involves
creating something new or original.
Reflective thinking involves looking back on one’s previous thinking, knowledge and understanding.
Logical thinking is directed towards making deductions or presenting arguments.
13. Who is a global teacher?

A. A graduate of a degree in a university outside the country

B. Competent in the use of information and communication technology
C. Able to teach learners from diverse groups and cultures
D. Knows how to speak different foreign languages

Answer:C
A global teacher is an educator that incorporates various global issues into their curriculum including multiculturalism, economic,
environmental and social issues
14. learners must be taught to take stand and defend the same after a thorough analysis of issues is an advice from
a. existentialist
b. progressivist
c. rationalist
d. empiricist

Answer is A
Existentialism is a term applied to the work of certain late-19th- and 20th-century European philosophers who, despite profound
doctrinal differences, shared the belief that philosophical thinking begins with the human subject—not merely the thinking subject,
but the acting, feeling, living human individual. While the predominant value of existentialist thought is commonly acknowledged to
be freedom, its primary virtue is authenticity.
15. Dont just believe your teacher said so. You must be able to prove with data that such conclusion is correct” is a thought that
comes from a_____
a. rationalist
b. essentialist
c. empiricist
d. pragmatist

Answer: C
Empiricism is a theory that states that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience
Empirical evidence, also known as sense experience, is the knowledge or source of knowledge acquired by means of the senses,
particularly by observation and experimentation
"knowledge is based on experience"
16. Ms. Sanchez engages her learners in activities where they develop writing , critical thinking, problem solving skills, and risk
taking. Which of these century skills does Miss Sanchez possess?
a. Communication Skills
b. Learning and Innovation Skills
c. Information and Technology Skills
d. Life and Career Skills

Answer: B
Learning and innovation skills: critical thinking and problem solving, communications and collaboration, creativity and innovation
Digital literacy skills: information literacy, media literacy, Information and communication technologies (ICT) literacy
Career and life skills: flexibility and adaptability, initiative and self-direction, social and cross-cultural interaction, productivity and
accountability
17. Mrs. Martin was approached by a parent who has concern about the grades of her daughter, comparing it with the grade of the
classmate. Which of these should Ms. Martin do?
a. refuse to show the record notebook since it is her personal property
b. Show both records to the mother
c. refuse to show any record without approval from the principal
d. show only the record of her daughter.

Answer:D
Section 9 (4), BP 232. The right of access to his own school records, the confidentiality of which the school shall maintain and
preserve.
18. Problem-based learning makes use of which type of problem?
a. No clear-cut answer
b. with single solution
c. with fixed solution
d. with no solution

Answer:A
Problem-based learning (PBL) is a student-centered pedagogy in which students learn about a subject through the experience of
solving an open-ended problem found in trigger material.
Open-ended problem is a problem that has several or many correct answers, and several ways to the correct answer(s). The Open-
Ended Problem Solving is based on the research conducted by Shimada S., which is called "The Open-Ended Approach".
*includes knowledge acquisition, enhanced group collaboration and communication.
*It enhances critical appraisal, literature retrieval and encourages ongoing learning in a team environment.
The PBL tutorial process involves working in small groups of learners.
19. cooperative learning ends with ____________
a. members giving the finishing touches to their work
b. members reflecting on the cooperative process they went through
c. leader presenting and members assisting
d. members discussing next steps

Answer: A
Cooperative learning is a successful teaching strategy in which small teams, each with students of different levels of ability, use a
variety of learning activities to improve their understanding of a subject.
described as "structuring positive interdependence
Ross and Smyth (1995) describe successful cooperative learning tasks as intellectually demanding, creative, open-ended, and involve
higher order thinking tasks
20 What the lingguistically intelligent group in mind. Which activity is least effevtive?
A. Concept map
B. Debates
C. Manipulative
D. Deductive reasoning

Manipulatives are physical objects that are used as teaching tools to engage students in the hands-on learning of mathematics. They
can be used to introduce, practice, or remediate a concept. A manipulative may be as simple as grains of rice or as sophisticated as a
model of our solar system.
21. Teacher Renz requires his students to memorize the poem “Mi Ultimo Adios” but they do not actually know the meaning of the
poem. This traditional technique which turns the students into “tiny parrots” is exhibited when teachers use _____________?
A. 2x4x8 Concept Teaching
 B. Textbook Technique
C. Direct Instruction Technique
D. Rote Learning Technique

Answer: D.

Rote learning is commonly known as “repeat after me” teaching thus making students like tiny parrots.
2 stands for 2 covers of the book, 4- fours walls of the classroom, 8- 8 hours of student's stay in the classroom learning is limited
because it is confined within that 3 dimension

22. Your teacher is of the opinion that the word and everything in it are ever changing and so teaches you the skill to cope with the
changes. Which in his governing philosophy?
a. Experimentalism
b. Existentialism
c. Idealism
d. Realism
Answer: A
Experimentalism believes that things are constantly changing. It is based on the view that reality is what works right now and that
goodness comes from group decisions. As a result, schools exist to discover and expand the society we live in. Students study social
experiences and solve problems.
22. Mrs. Gomez conducts research on the psychosocial domain of development. In what particular area of the child's development is
Mrs. Gomez most likely to be interested with?
a. Perceptual abilities
b. Brain-wave patterns
c. Emotions
d. Use of language

Answer: C....The cognitive domain includes the mental processes of knowing, which include imagining, perceiving, reasoning and
problem solving. The psychosocial domain features development in the person's emotions, personality, social interactions and
expectations. A person's development is a lifelong process.
23. A teacher who subscribes to the pragmatic philosophy of education believes that experience study should follow learning in her
teaching. Which of the following does she do to support her belief?
a. Encouraging learners to memorize factual knowledge
b. Equipping learners with the basic abilities and skills
c. Providing learners opportunities to apply theories and principles
d. Requiring learners full master of the lesson.

Answer: C..... Pragmatism- an approach that assesses the truth of meaning of theories or beliefs in terms of the success of their
practical application.
24. In Reading, it is the methodology and educational philosophy of The Writing Road to Reading program.
A. Rebus method
B. Spalding method
C. Whole language approach
D. Language experience approach
Answer: B
The “whole language approach” is a method of teaching children to read by recognizing words as whole pieces of language.
Proponents of the whole language philosophy believe that language should not be broken down into letters and combinations of
letters and “decoded.”
The language experience approach (LEA) is a whole language approach that promotes reading and writing through the use of
personal experiences and oral language. It can be used in tutorial or classroom settings with homogeneous or heterogeneous groups
of learners.
Rebus is the use of pictures
Spalding is also writing road to reading
25. A teacher shall base the evaluation of the learner’s work only in ____.
A. attendance, character, merit and quality of academic performance
B. attendance, beauty, merit and quality of academic performance
C. attendance, merit and quality of academic performance
D. merit and quality of academic performance

Answer: D. According to Article VIII, Section 6 of the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers, a teacher shall base the evaluation of
the learner’s work only in merit and quality of academic performance.
26. Is the Continuing Professional Education for every teacher compulsory?
A. Yes, it is compulsory as stated in the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers.
B. Yes, it is compulsory as stated in the Magna Carta for Public School Teachers.
C. Yes, it is compulsory as stated in Republic Act 9293.
D. No, it is optional. A professional has the choice whether to proceed CPE or not.

Answer: A. According to Article IV, Section 3 of the “Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers”, every teacher shall participate in the
Continuing Professional Education (CPE) program of the Professional Regulation Commission, and shall pursue such other studies as
will improve his efficiency, enhance the prestige of the profession, and strengthen his competence, virtues, and productivity in order
to be nationally and internationally competitive.
27. The following are the domains of NCBTS EXCEPT for _____.
A. Tenure of Office C. Curriculum
B. Learning Environment D. Community Linkages

Answer: A. Tenure of Office is not a domain of NCBTS. The complete domains of NCBTS are the following:
a. Social Regard for Learning
b. Learning Environment
c. Diversity of Learners
d. Curriculum
e. Planning, Assessing, and Reporting
f. Community Linkages
g. Personal Growth and Professional Development

28. Miss Rita is an excellent Physical Education teacher. She started teaching volleyball to her Grade 2 class. Despite all her efforts,
her class does not seem to learn how to play the game. What law of learning was disregarded?
a. Law of Disuse
b. Law of Effect
c. Law of Exercise
d. Law of Readiness
Answer: D
The law of effect is a psychological principle advanced by Edward Thorndike in 1905 on the matter of behavioral conditioning (not
yet formulated as such) which states that "responses that produce a satisfying effect in a particular situation become more likely to
occur again in that situation, and responses that produce a discomforting effect become less likely to occur again in that situation.
-The principle of effect is that learning is strengthened when accompanied by a pleasant or satisfying feeling, and that learning
is weakened when associated with an unpleasant feeling.
Law of Readiness implies a degree of concentration and eagerness. Individuals learn best when they are physically, mentally, and
emotionally ready to learn, and do not learn well if they see no reason for learning. Getting students ready to learn, creating interest
by showing the value of the subject matter, and providing continuous mental or physical challenge, is usually the instructor’s
responsibility. If students have a strong purpose, a clear objective, and a definite reason for learning something, they make more
progress than if they lack motivation. In other words, when students are ready to learn, they meet the instructor at least halfway,
simplifying the instructor’s job.
The law of exercise states that those things most often repeated are best remembered. It is the basis of drill and practice. It has
been proven that students learn best and retain information longer when they have meaningful practice and repetition. The key
here is that the practice must be meaningful. It is clear that practice leads to improvement only when it is followed by positive
feedback.
-2 parts are the law of use- connections grow stronger when used – where strength is defines as vigor and duration as well as the
frequency of its making; and law of disuse – grow weaker when not used
5 additional principles that have added since Thorndike’s:
Primacy, the state of being first, often creates a strong, almost unshakable, impression.
The principle of recency states that things most recently learned are best remembered
The principle of intensity implies that a student will learn more from the real thing than from a substitute. For example, a student
can get more understanding and appreciation of a movie by watching it than by reading the script.
The principle of freedom states that things freely learned are best learned.
The law of requirement states that "we must have something to obtain or do something." It can be an ability, skill, instrument or
anything that may help us to learn or gain something. A starting point or root is needed; for example, if you want to draw a person,
you need to have the materials with which to draw, and you must know how to draw a point, a line, a figure and so on until you
reach your goal, which is to draw a person.
29. Which of the following statements has a very limited definition of educational technology?
a. It is a profession composed of various job categories.
b. It refers to the computers used for teaching and learning.
c. It includes audiovisual materials, interactive multimedia and self-instructional materials.
d. It is the development, application and evaluation of system, techniques and aids to improve human learning
Answer: B
B. It refers to the computers used for teaching and learning.
Educational technology is "the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and
managing appropriate technological processes and resources
30. Which of the following statements is correct about the domains of educational technology?
a. Design is the production stage while development is the planning stage.
b. Both the design and development are the planning stage.
c. Evaluation is synonymous with implementation.
d. Utilization is the action phase.

CA is D. Utilization is the action phase.

Domain 1 –Design –establishing framework to guide in planning the educational technology
Domain 2 – Development – using the design or framework, materials are produced and developed
Domain 3 – Utilization – implementing and using the learning materials to enhance the knowledge and skills of learners. It is also
known as the action phase
Domain 4 – Management – it is applied in the implementation of all the different domains and its effects on the outcomes of
learning
Domain – evaluation – monitoring, assessing and giving judgment on the extent of usefulness of learning materials in achieving the
expected outcomes.

31. the principal denied the enrolment of 3 foreign students claiming that the school already have 300 foreign students out of the
900 total number of enrolment. Is the principal’s action justified?
A No. Aliens should be given a chance just like the Filipinos
B. Yes. They should be enrolled in a school exclusively for aliens.
C. No. It is a violation of their right to access education
D. Yes. It is granted by the Constitution
Answer: D
SEC. 4 of RA 10533...No educational institution shall be established exclusively for aliens and no group of aliens shall comprise more
than one-third of the enrollment in any school. The provisions of this subsection shall not apply to schools established for foreign
diplomatic personnel and their dependents and, unless otherwise provided by law, for other foreign temporary residents.
32. Who administers the Continuing Professional Education?
A. DepEd
B. CHED
C. PRC
D. CSC
Answer: C
Article IV: A Teacher and the Profession
Section 3 of the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers. Every teacher shall participate in the Continuing Professional Education
(CPE) program of the Professional Regulation Commission, and shall pursue such other studies as will improve his efficiency,
enhance the prestige of the profession, and strengthen his competence, virtues, and productivity in order to be nationally and
internationally competitive.
33. What is at the heart of the Teacher Education Development Program (TEDP)?
A. NCBTS C. IPPD
B. RPMS D. LET

Answer: A. The National Competency-Based Teacher Standards (NCBTS) is at the heart of the Teacher Education Development
Program (TEDP). It is the key element of the TEDP. It defines effective teaching as being able to help all types of students learn the
different learning goals in the curriculum
34. You combined several subject areas in order to focus on a single concept for interdisciplinary teaching. Which strategy did you
use?
A. Problem-centered learning
B. Reading-writing activity
C. Thematic instruction
D. Unit method

Answer: C
Thematic instruction is the organization of a curriculum around macro “themes.” Thematic instruction integrates basic disciplines
like reading, math, and science with the exploration of a broad subject, such as communities, rain forests, river basins, the use of
energy, and so on.
Unit Method/Morrisonian Technique - Morrison proposed the mastery formula for learning – pretest, teach, test the result, adopt
procedure and test again to the point of nature learning
-Morrisonian plan of instruction may be considered as the forerunner of the different kinds of units and integrative technique
-It is usually used in the teaching of geography, history, government and economics. It is the process of taking the contents of a
particular subject as big blocks and not as isolated and fragmentary bits of information. Its aim is to approach topics as organized
and integrated body , showing relevance and cognitive relationship
35. Which holds TRUE of competency-based instruction?
I. Criterion-referenced
II. Norm-referenced
A. I only
C. I and II
B. II only
D. Partly I, partly II

Answer: A

Competency-based learning refers to systems of instruction, assessment, grading, and academic reporting that are based on
students demonstrating that they have learned the knowledge and skills they are expected to learn as they progress through their
education
A norm-referenced test (NRT) evaluates only the position of the tested individual in a predefined population, with respect to
the trait being measured whereas criterion-referenced tests and assessments are designed to measure student performance against
a fixed set of predetermined criteria or learning standards
36. You want to teach concepts, patterns, and abstractions. Which method is most appropriate?
A. Deductive method
C. Direct instruction
B. Problem solving
D. Indirect instruction

Answer: D
Indirect instruction seeks a high level of student involvement in observing, investigating, drawing inferences from data, or forming
hypotheses.

37. You want to teach facts and rules. Which one will you make use of?
A. Direct instruction
B. Self-directed learning
C. Indirect instruction
D. Collaborative model

Answer: A

Direct Instruction/Lecture Method

-helps students aquire procedural knowledge
-procedural knowldege refers to skills needed in the performance of a task
-ex. focusing the microscope, doing powerpoint presentations, playing basketball, sewing a pair of pajamas
-also used for factual and non-controversial
-lesson objective has something to do with skill and therefore the assessment tool must be a performance test
-used in teaching facts, principles or laws

38. Read then following teacher-student interaction.

Teacher: Why is the process called photosynthesis?
Student: I don't know
Which questioning technique should the teacher use?
A. Prompting
B. Clarification
C. Multiple response
D. Concept review
CA is A

Prompting questions are open questions created to elicit anecdotal experiences from participants. They are designed in such a way
as to stimulate and provoke people's memories by creating a meaningful context around across a set of experiences including the
extreme boundaries (moments of pleasure and pain
39. Under the 1987 Constitution, a system of free public education is granted to
A. elementary and high school levels
B. elementary level
C. high school level
D. all levels
Answer:A
Article XIV, Sec. 1(2) Establish and maintain, a system of free public education in the elementary and high school levels. Without
limiting the natural rights of parents to rear their children, elementary education is compulsory for all children of school age
40. With the closeness to direct experience as standard, which one should a teacher choose?
a. Contrived experience
b. Study trip
c. Dramatized experiences
d. Demonstration
Answer: A
Contrived experiences are edited copies of reality and are used as substitute for real things when it is not practical or not possible to
bring or do
41. Which of the following methods would best make learners familiar with the parts and uses of a microscope?
A. Discovery
B. Expository teaching
C. Inductive learning
D. Experimentation

Answer: B
Expository teaching is also direct instruction.
42. It is a discussion technique that gets students out of their chairs and into a mode of active engagement. The advantage of the
method is its flexibility and the variety of benefits for students and instructor alike
A. Gallery Walk
B. Duelling Documents
C. Fishbowl
D. Debriefing

Answer: A

43. This strategy is effecting in helping students understand one reason why historians sometimes arrive at different conclusions
about the past
A. Case study
B. Fishbowl
C. Duelling Documents
D. Debriefing

Answer: C
44. Four to five chairs are arranged in an inner circle. The remaining chairs are arranged in concentric circles outside of it. A few
participants are selected to fill the chairs in the inner circke, while the rest of the group sit on the chairs outside. What is this?
A. Gallery walk
B. Fishbowl
C. KWL
D. Duelling Documents

Answer B
45. It is a process of receiving an explanation, receiving information and situation-based reminders of context, and reporting of
measures of performance, and/or opportunities to further investigate the results of a study, investigation, or assessment of
performance after participation in an immersive activity is complete.
A. Debriefing
B. KWL
C. Case study
D. Duelling Documents

For questions 41-45, refer to the following:

Dueling Documents
This strategy is effecting in helping students understand one reason why historians sometimes arrive at different conclusions about
the past.
Steps:
1. Select a topic for exploration (e.g. slavelife).
2. Gather two documents that offer competing descriptions of a(n) person, event, institution, society etc. For example,
3. Jigsaw: Split the class into halves. Divide students in both halves into small groups and distribute Document A to some groups and
Document B to other groups.
4. Have students read and analyze their document and discuss the following in their small groups: What does this document suggest
about the topic (e.g. slavelife)?
5. Take students who analyzed Document A and pair them off with students who analyzed Document B. Ask each student in the
paired group to describe the conclusions they drew from their photograph. If the photographs are well selected, students should
arrive at competing conclusions.
6. Tell the students that they are now going to play a game of Dueling Documents. Explain that they have two documents that are
competing to tell the story of the past (e.g. what slave life was like). Their task is to decide which document should win the duel. Ask
them to discuss the following questions as they decide which document wins the duel:
which source is “best?” Why”
which conclusion about the
past is "best?” Why?
7. Ask each group to explain which document won the duel and why?
8. Debrief: Ask why might historians arrive at different conclusions about the past? Explain that history is filled with different
interpretations. One reason for the different interpretations is that historians often rely on different pieces of evidence (e.g.
photographs) to construct their accounts. However, your experiences with the documents suggest that there may be more than one
story about the past.
Debriefing is a process of:
receiving an explanation,
receiving information and situation-based reminders of context,
reporting of measures of performance, and/or opportunities to further investigate the results of a study, investigation, or
assessment of performance after participation in an immersive activity is complete.
Gallery Walk is a discussion technique that gets students out of their chairs and into a mode of active engagement. The advantage of
the method is its flexibility and the variety of benefits for students and instructor alike
Fishbowl. Four to five chairs are arranged in an inner circle. This is the fishbowl. The remaining chairs are arranged in concentric
circles outside the fishbowl. A few participants are selected to fill the fishbowl, while the rest of the group sit on the chairs outside
the fishbowl. In an open fishbowl, one chair is left empty. In a closed fishbowl, all chairs are filled. The moderator introduces the
topic and the participants start discussing the topic. The audience outside the fishbowl listen in on the discussion.

A case study is a report about a person, group, or situation that has been studied. If the case study, for instance, is about a group, it
describes the behavior of the group as a whole, not the behavior of each individual in the group. Case studies can be produced by
following a formal research method.
Concept Formation is an inductive teaching strategy that helps students form a clear understanding of a concept (or idea) through
studying a small set of examples of the concept. Rationale. Concepts are the “furniture” of our minds.
A KWL table, or KWL chart, is a graphical organizer designed to help in learning. The letters KWL are an acronym, for what students,
in the course of a lesson, already know, want to know, and ultimately learn.
Students begin by brainstorming everything they Know about a topic. This information is recorded in the K column of a K-W-L chart.
46. Edward Paul Torrance is known as the father of creativity. His Framework for Creative thinking which refers to the production of
a great number of ideas or alternate solutions to problems is ______.
a. Fluency
B. Flexibility
C. Elaboration
D. Originality

Answer: A

Torrance Framework for Creative thinking:

Fluency – production of a great number of ideas or alternate solutions to problems

Implies understanding

Flexibility – production of ideas that show variety of possibilities or realms of thought

-Involves the ability to see things from different points of view
Elaboration – process of enhancing ideas by providing more details
Originality – the production of ideas that are unique or unusual
47. Which theory on Factors Affecting Motivation states that to motivate our students for learning,we should satisfy their need to
belong, their need to have power by being competent, the need to have a free choice and the need to enjoy learning and have fun.
A. Self-Efficacy Theory
B. Choice Theory
C. Attribution Theory
D. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

CA is B

THEORIES ON FACTORS AFFECTING MOTIVATION

Attribution Theory – explains that we attribute our successes or failures to several factors (ex. You attribute your popularity to your
popular parents)
Attributions differ from one another in 3 ways
1. Locus ( place) –Internal vs. External – if your student traces his good grade to his ability and to his hard work, he attributes his
good grades to internal factors. If he claims that it is due to effective teaching, he attributes it factors external to himself.
2. Stability : Stable vs. Unstable
Stable – something that cant be changed (genes)
Unstable – something that can change
3. Controllability – Controllable vs. Uncontrollable
Self-Efficacy Theory –a sense of high self-efficacy means a high sense of competence
-The belief that one has the necessary capabilities to perform a task, fulfil role expectations, or meet challenging situations
successfully.
Self-determination and self-regulation theories
Self-determination – they believe that they have some choice and control regarding the things they do and the directions their lives
take.
Self-regulation – person’s ability to master himself
Processes involved in self-regulated learning:
a. Goal setting
b. Planning
c. Attention control
d. Application of learning strategies
e. Self-monitoring
f. Self-evaluation
Choice Theory – to motivate our students for learning,we should satisfy their need to belong, their need to have power by being
competent, the need to have a free choice and the need to enjoy learning and have fun.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
48. Kolb's experiential learning theory works on two levels: a four stage cycle of learning and four separate learning styles.
According to him “Learning is the process whereby knowledge is created through the transformation of experience” Which of his
learning cycles refers to a new experience of situation is encountered, or a reinterpretation of existing experience?

A. Concrete Experience
B. Reflective Observation
C. Abstract Conceptualization
D. Active Experimentation

Answer: A
The Experiential Learning Cycle
Kolb's experiential learning style theory is typically represented by a four stage learning cycle in which the learner 'touches all the
bases':

a. Concrete Experience - (a new experience of situation is encountered, or a reinterpretation of existing experience).

b. Reflective Observation (of the new experience. Of particular importance are any inconsistencies between experience and
understanding).
c. Abstract Conceptualization (Reflection gives rise to a new idea, or a modification of an existing abstract concept).
d. Active Experimentation (the learner applies them to the world around them to see what results).

49. It suggests a teachers unique way of presenting the topic to the learners, characterized by adeptness in performing the steps
with utmost care to insure the attainment of a learning objective.
A. Method
B. Strategy-
C. Technique
D. Approach
Answer is B
50. Two teachers are following the same method but one differs in selecting the teaching devices that she use to ensure smooth
procedure
Method
Strategy
Technique
Approach
Answer: B
What is meant by method?
-A systematic plan to achieve a learning objective
A procedure that must be followed strictly
Series of related and progressive acts performed by the teacher and the student to achieve objectives of the lesson
-A pattern or manner of treating people, objects and events
What is a strategy?
-A carefully devised plan of action to achieve an objective
What is a technique?
-Art or style or manner of a teacher’s performance in following a procedure
51. What is the square root of 9 is an example of what type of question?
A. Analytic
B. Empirical
C. Valuative
D. Divergent
Answer: A
52. How did you react with the answer of Maxine Medina during the pageant?
Analytic
Empirical
Valuative
Answer: C
Different kinds of questions
According to the tyoe of response desired:
Soliciting (asking information)
Directing (proposing..., suggesting alternative, guiding or redirecting
Responding (doing something called for)
Evaluating
According to the level of the lesson’s objectives
Low level questions- simple recall
High level questions- analyse, synthesize, evaluation, problem solving ability
According to their purpose
For Verification
1. Analytic questions – asks for definition of terms, translations; necessarily true
Example: What is a guitar?
2. Empirical questions – responses are gained through “sense experience”. We observe and decide whether the statement is true or
false.
-Questions that elicit explanations of situations
3. Valuative – responses are value statements (praise, blame, comment, criticize or rate something
For Productive Thinking (creative and “critical-analytic”)
a. Cognitive – Memory Questions . Ex. Simple reproduction of facts
b. Convergent questions
c. Divergent questions - -individual is free to generate ideas
d. Evaluating questions – matters of judgment, choice
For Cognitive Function
a. Focusing questions – serve to introduce a topic and indicate the direction of the discussion.
b. Foundation questions – responses serve as basis of a more complex question
c. Extending – clarify or elaborate the statement already made
d. Lifting questions
e. Promoting questions
53. A classroom management style based on fear and punishment, extremely controls children but does not teach them self-control
A. Autocratic
B. Authoritative
C. Authoritarian
D. Assertive

Answer: A
Autocratic
based on fear and punishment, extremely controls children but does not teach them self-control
achieves compliance but it yields anxiety, resentment and anger
54. This approach liberates pupils/students because it allows them to develop their best traits, skills and abilities and provides them
with psychological security in the classroom and an effective learning environment.
A. Autocratic
B. Authoritative
C. Authoritarian
D. Assertive
Answer: D
Assertive Approach
-expects the teacher to specify rules of behavior and consequences for disobeying them.
-These rules and consequences should be communicated clearly to the pupils/students during the first day of classes
-rules based on sound criteria
-liberates pupils/students because it allows them to develop their best traits, skills and abilities and provides them with
psychological security in the classroom and an effective learning environment
-by Lee and Marlene Canter. It involves a high level of teacher control in the class.
-It is also called the "take-control" approach to teaching, as the teacher controls their classroom in a firm but positive manner.
55. Here, group take a more participative role in the decision-making process. Everyone is given the opportunity to participate,
ideas are exchange freely, and discussion is encouraged
A. Laissez Faire
B. Democratic
C. Business Academic Approach
D. Assertive

Answer: B
Democratic
A democratic classroom environment: Using the class meeting to engage students in shared decision making and in taking
responsibility for making the classroom the best it can be.
group take a more participative role in the decision-making process. Everyone is given the opportunity to participate, ideas are
exchange freely, and discussion is encouraged
cool” teachers. While this democratic approach tends to put more power in the students hands, rules and obedience can be
weakened.
56. A teacher in this type of learning environment seems disconnected and has basically no control over the classroom.
A. Laissez Faire
B. Democratic
C. Business Academic Approach
D. Assertive
Answer: A
Laissez-Faire
Devil May Care
A teacher in this type of learning environment seems disconnected and has basically no control over the classroom.
Few demands are asked from the students and the teacher appears generally uninterested.
There is an obvious lack of class preparation and field trips or any other forms of extended learning is out of the question-as the bare
minimum is taught. This type of classroom could be a result from lack of skill, confidence, or courage to discipline the students.
57. This type of teacher often explains the reasons behind rules and decisions, ensuring students aren’t left in the dark. If a student
is disruptive in this style, the teacher reprimands in a polite and firm manner.
A. Autocratic
B. Authoritative
C. Authoritarian
D. Assertive
Answer: B
Authoritative
The Toned Down Tyrant
embraces much of the same practices of the authoritarian style, but simultaneously encourages independence.
This type of teacher often explains the reasons behind rules and decisions, ensuring students aren’t left in the dark. If a student is
disruptive in this style, the teacher reprimands in a polite and firm manner.
Discipline is encouraged, but only after careful consideration of the circumstances and open communication with the student.
Communication is open in this style and the teacher is very open to verbal interaction, including being open to respectful, critical
debates. This type of classroom allows for growth in a students emotional intelligence and is not as inhibiting as the authoritarian
approach.
58. The emphasis of this approach was on the organization and management of students as they engage in academic work.
A. Laissez Faire
B. Democratic
C. Business Academic Approach
D. Assertive

Answer: C
Business Academic Approach
This business-academic approach to classroom management was developed by Evertson and Emmer. The emphasis was on the
organization and management of students as they engage in academic work.
three major categories - establishments and communication of work assignments; standards and procedures, monitoring of student
work; and feedback to students.
59. A frequently used strategy where the teacher (or other adults in the room) make a meaningful effort to be physically near
problem areas or target students.
A. Planned Ignoring
B. Signal Interference
C. Proximity Control
D. Antiseptic Bouncing

Answer: C

60. Any type of non-verbal behaviour that communicates to the student without disturbing others, that his behavior is not
appropriate. Signal behaviors must be clearly directed at the off-task student. There should be no doubt in the student mind that the
teacher is aware of what is going and that the student is responsible for the behaviour.
A. Planned Ignoring
B. Signal Interference
C. Proximity Control
D. Antiseptic Bouncing

Answer: B

61. Temporary removal of a student from the scene of a. conflict in hopes that the situation/conflict will de-escalate.
A. Planned Ignoring
B. Signal Interference
C. Proximity Control
D. Antiseptic Bouncing
Answer: D

The Non Verbal Intervention

a. PLANNED IGNORING--- is based on reinforcement theory that if you ignore a behavior, it lessens and eventually disappears
b. SIGNAL INTERFERENCE--- is any type of non-verbal behaviour that communicates to the student without disturbing others, that
his behavior is not appropriate. Signal behaviors must be clearly directed at the off-task student. There should be no doubt in the
student mind that the teacher is aware of what is going and that the student is responsible for the behaviour.
c. PROXIMITY CONTROL- is a frequently used strategy where the teacher (or other adults in the room) make a meaningful effort to
be physically near problem areas or target students. research has shown that the mere physical presence of the teacher has a
meaningful impact on student behavior and attention technique
d. TOUCH CONTROL--- is a light non aggressive physical contact with the student that the teacher disapproves of the disruptive
behaviour.
e. Antiseptic Bouncing is the temporary removal of a student from the scene of a. conflict in hopes that the situation/conflict will de-
escalate.
62. It is a Proactive intervention strategies to address challenging/disruptive behavior in the classroom in which the teacher quietly
asks student if she would get a drink or invites her to run an errand or do a chore.
A. Removing seductive objects
B. redirecting behaviour
C. Non-punitive time-out
D. Encouraging the appropriate behaviour of other students
Answer: C
63. When teacher shows interest in student’s work, thereby bringing the student back on-task (walking over and checking how work
is going, asking student to share work) she is engaged in

A. Changing pace of classroom activities

B. Interest boosting
C. Producing cues for effective behaviour
D. Redirecting behaviour
Answer: B
Proactive intervention strategies to address challenging/disruptive behavior in the classroom include:
Changing pace of classroom activities: Restructure situations and involve students in other activities that require active student
participation and help them to refocus interests.
Removing seductive objects: Collect the object that is competing with the teacher.
Interest boosting: Teacher shows interest in student’s work, thereby bringing the student back on-task (walking over and checking
how work is going, asking student to share work).
Redirecting behavior: Refocus student’s attention, ask them to read, do a problem, or answer a question (treat student as if he/she
was paying attention).
Nonpunitive time out: Teacher quietly asks student if she would get a drink or invites her to run an errand or do a chore.
Encouraging the appropriate behavior of other students: Make positive comments about other students’ behavior, which involves
making good decisions. Reminds off-task students of the behavior that is expected of them.
Providing cues for expected behavior: Use a cue that students understand. One can close the door, flick the lights, or even make a
motion with one’s hands.
64. When a curriculum is coherent across multiple subject areas—such as mathematics, science, and history—it may be aligned both
within and across grade levels, it is said to have
A. Subject-area Coherence
B. Interdisciplinary Coherence
C. Vertical Coherence
D. Horizontal Coherence

Answer B
Interdisciplinary coherence: When a curriculum is coherent across multiple subject areas—such as mathematics, science, and
history—it may be aligned both within and across grade levels. Curriculum mapping for interdisciplinary coherence may focus on
skills and work habits that students need to succeed in any academic course or discipline, such as reading skills, writing skills,
technology skills, and critical-thinking skills. Improving interdisciplinary coherence across a curriculum, for example, might entail
teaching students
65. When a curriculum is ___________, what students learn in one lesson, course, or grade level prepares them for the next lesson,
course, or grade level.
A. Subject-area Coherence
B. Interdisciplinary Coherence
C. Vertical Coherence
D. Horizontal Coherence
Answer: C
Vertical coherence: When a curriculum is vertically aligned or vertically coherent, what students learn in one lesson, course, or grade
level prepares them for the next lesson, course, or grade level. Curriculum mapping aims to ensure that teaching is purposefully
structured and logically sequenced across grade levels so that students are building on what they have previous learned and learning
the knowledge and skills that will progressively prepare them for more challenging, higher-level work. For a related discussion,
see learning progression
66. When a curriculum is _____________, what students are learning in one ninth-grade biology course, for example, mirrors what
other students are learning in a different ninth-grade biology course.
A. Subject-area Coherence
B. Interdisciplinary Coherence
C. Vertical Coherence
D. Horizontal Coherence
Answer: D
Horizontal coherence: When a curriculum is horizontally aligned or horizontally coherent, what students are learning in one ninth-
grade biology course, for example, mirrors what other students are learning in a different ninth-grade biology course. Curriculum
mapping aims to ensure that the assessments, tests, and other methods teachers use to evaluate learning achievement and progress
are based on what has actually been taught to students and on the learning standards that the students are expected to meet in a
particular course, subject area, or grade level
67. When a curriculum is coherent within a subject area—such as mathematics, science, or history—it may be aligned both within
and across grade levels, it is said to have
A. Subject-area Coherence
B. Interdisciplinary Coherence
C. Vertical Coherence
D. Horizontal Coherence
Answer A

Subject-area coherence: When a curriculum is coherent within a subject area—such as mathematics, science, or history—it may be
aligned both within and across grade levels. Curriculum mapping for subject-area coherence aims to ensure that teachers are
working toward the same learning standards in similar courses (say, three different ninth-grade algebra courses taught by different
teachers), and that students are also learning the same amount of content, and receiving the same quality of instruction, across
subject-area courses.

68. It is the official curriculum, or written curriculum, which gives the basic lesson plan to be followed, including objectives,
sequence, and materials, what is taught by the teacher, methods used and the learning outcomes for the student

A. Null Curriculum
B. Explicit Curriculum
C. Implicit Curriculum
D. Extracurricular Curriculum
Answer: B
69This curriculum consists of what is not taught. Consideration must be given to the reasons behind why things are not included in
the explicit curriculum or recognized in examination of the implicit curriculum.
A. Null Curriculum
B. Explicit Curriculum
C. Implicit Curriculum
D. Extracurricular Curriculum
Answer: A
Other Types of Curriculum
From Posner and Harris, curriculum can be defined in various ways.
Explicit curriculum refers to what is consciously and intentionally presented.
-It is the official curriculum, or written curriculum, which gives the basic lesson plan to be followed, including objectives, sequence,
and materials, what is taught by the teacher, methods used and the learning outcomes for the student.
Implicit (hidden) curriculum includes the norms and values of the surrounding society, the setting in which the learning occurs
(including the decoration and set-up of the area), and the broader environment in which education occurs.
Null curriculum consists of what is not taught. Consideration must be given to the reasons behind why things are not included in the
explicit curriculum or recognized in examination of the implicit curriculum.
Extracurricular curriculum includes experience (planned and unplanned) outside of the immediate educational session, and includes
total church community and home religious activities. This has been broadened beyond Posner's concern about planned learning to
include all learning outside the immediate educational setting.
70. It is defined as "the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and
managing appropriate technological processes and resources
A. Educational Technology
B. E-learning
C. Hybrid Learning
D. Synchronus Learning

Answer: A
Educational technology is defined as "the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating,
using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources".[1]
Educational technology refers to the use of both physical hardware and educational theoretics. It encompasses several domains,
including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and, where mobile technologies are used, m-learning

71. Is is an education program (formal or informal) that combines online digital media with traditional classroom methods. It
requires the physical presence of both teacher and student, with some element of student control over time, place, path, or pace

A. Educational Technology
B. E-learning
C. Hybrid Learning
D. Synchronus Learning
Answer:C
'Hybrid learning' or 'blended learning - Blended learning is an education program (formal or informal) that combines online digital
media with traditional classroom methods. It requires the physical presence of both teacher and student, with some element of
student control over time, place, path, or pace.[1][2][3][4] While students still attend "brick-and-mortar" schools with a teacher
present, face-to-face classroom practices are combined with computer-mediated activities regarding content and
delivery.[5][6] Blended learning is also used in professional development and training settings

72. Examples of this learning are face-to-face discussion, online real-time live teacher instruction and feedback, Skype conversations,
and chat rooms or virtual classrooms where everyone is online and working collaboratively at the same time.
A. Asynchronus learning
B. E-learning
C. Hybrid Learning
D. Synchronus Learning

Answer: D
Synchronous learning refers to the exchange of ideas and information with one or more participants during the same period.
-Examples are face-to-face discussion, online real-time live teacher instruction and feedback, Skype conversations, and chat rooms
or virtual classrooms where everyone is online and working collaboratively at the same time.
-Since students are working collaboratively, synchronized learning helps students create an open mind because they have to listen
and learn from their peers.
-Synchronized learning fosters online awareness and improves many students' writing skills

73. In this type of learning, students proceed at their own pace. If they need to listen to a lecture a second time, or think about a
question for a while, they may do so without fearing that they will hold back the rest of the class.
A. Asynchronus learning
B. E-learning
C. Hybrid Learning
D. Synchronus Learning

Answer: A
Asynchronous learning may use technologies such as email, blogs, wikis, and discussion boards, as well as web-supported
textbooks, hypertext documents, audio video courses, and social networking using web 2.0.
-At the professional educational level, training may include virtual operating rooms.
-Asynchronous learning is beneficial for students who have health problems or who have child care responsibilities. They have the
opportunity to complete their work in a low stress environment and within a more flexible time frame.[38]
-In asynchronous online courses, students proceed at their own pace. If they need to listen to a lecture a second time, or think about
a question for a while, they may do so without fearing that they will hold back the rest of the class.
-Through online courses, students can earn their diplomas more quickly, or repeat failed courses without the embarrassment of
being in a class with younger students. Students have access to an incredible variety of enrichment courses in online learning, and
can participate in college courses, internships, sports, or work and still graduate with their class.
74. When pupils express defiance in arguing, contradicting, teasing, temper tantrums, and low – level hostile behaviour, they are
said to be

A. Power-seeking
B. Attention-getting
C. Revenge seeking
D. Withdrawal

Answer: A

75. This student’s mistaken goal is to hurt others to make up for being hurt or feeling rejected and loved
A. Power-seeking
B. Attention-getting
C. Revenge seeking
D. Withdrawal

Answer: C

Dreikurs identifies 4 mistaken goals:

a.Attention getting: they want other students or the teacher to pay attention to them.
b.Power seeking: their defiance is expresses in arguing, contradicting, teasing, temper tantrums, and low – level hostile behavior.
c.Revenge seeking: their mistaken goal is to hurt others to make up for being hurt or feeling rejected and loved.
d.Withdrawal: if students feel helpless and rejected, the goal of their behavior may become withdrawal from the social situation,
rather that confrontation.

76. Which of the following is not Glasser’s suggestion to teachers?

A. Establish rules
B. Accept excuses
C. Utilize value judgments
D. Be persistent

CA is B
Glasser makes the following suggestions to teachers:
Stress students’ responsibility for their own behavior continually
Establish rules
Accept no excuses
Utilize value judgments
Suggest suitable alternatives
Enforce reasonable consequences
Be persistent
Continually review.

77. I reading, these are long slanting lines resulting the quick swinging back of the eyes from one end of the line to the beginning of
the next line
A. Regression
B. Return sweeps
c. Interfixation
D. Fixation
Answer: B
EYE MOVEMENT IN READING
Reading makes constant use of the eyes. Studies on eye movements show that the eyes should move rhythmically and regularly
along the printed line if reading is to be effective.
Vision is also reduced while the eyes are in motion; hence recognition is quite difficult when the eyes are moving.
Reading involves these eye movements: fixation, interfixation, return sweeps, and regression.
a. Fixation is the vertical mark when the eyes stop and the film continues to move. Good readers have fewer fixations than poor
readers.
-Fixation or visual fixation is the maintaining of the visual gaze on a single location.
b. Interfixation is the short horizontal line caused by the eyes which move from one stopping point to another
c. Return Sweeps Are long slanting lines resulting the quick swinging back of the eyes from one end of the line to the beginning of
the next line.
-A comprehensive model of eye movement control in reading will have to take into consideration not only progressive and
regressive inter- and intraword saccades, but also the large return sweep saccades that bring the eyes from the end of one line of
text to the beginning of another line
d.Regressions are backward or right-to-left movements made in a reverse direction.
78. Which is not referring to assessment of learning?
A. Understanding and articulating targets in advance of teaching/learning
B. Translating classroom assessment results into frequent descriptive feedback, providing students with specific insights as to how
to improve
C. Informing students about learning goals in terms that students understand, from the very beginning of the teaching and learning
process
D. It often contributes to pivotal decisions that will affect students’ futures.

Answer : D

How is Assessment FOR Learning done?

a. Understanding and articulating targets in advance of teaching/learning (formative Assessment)

b. Informing students about learning goals in terms that students understand, from the very beginning of the teaching and learning
process (Formative Assessment)
c. Becoming assessment literate and able to transform expectations into assessment exercises and scoring procedures that
accurately reflect student achievement
d. Using classroom assessment to build students’ confidence in themselves as learners and help them take responsibility for their
own learning
e. Translating classroom assessment results into frequent descriptive feedback, providing students with specific insights as to how to
improve
f. Continuously adjusting instruction based on the results of classroom assessment
g. Engaging students in regular self- assessment, with standards held constant so that students can watch themselves grow over
time
h. Actively involving students in communicating with their teacher and parents about their achievement status and improvement
Source: Stiggins, 2002

79. It is synonymous with consistency. It is the degree to which test scores for an individual test taker or group of test takers are
consistent over repeated applications.

A. Reliability
B. Validity
C. Objectivity
D. Accuracy

Answer: A

RELIABILITY
Reliability is synonymous with consistency. It is the degree to which test scores for an individual test taker or group of test takers are
consistent over repeated applications.
No psychological test is completely consistent, however, a measurement that is unreliable is worthless.

80. A type of validity that directly relates to instructional objectives and the fulfillment of the same
A. Face validity
B. Construct Validity
C. Content Validity
D. Criterion Validity

Answer: C

Content validity
How well elements of the test relate to the content domain?
How closely content of questions in the test relates to content of the curriculum
Directly relates to instructional objectives and the fulfilment of the same!
concern for achievement tests (where content is emphasized)
Can you test students on things they have not been taught?

How to establish Content Validity?

Instructional objectives (looking at your list)
Table of Specification
E.g. At the end of the chapter, the student will be able to do the following:
1. Explain what ‘stars’ are
2. Discuss the type of stars and galaxies in our universe
3. Categorize different constellations by looking at the stars
4. Differentiate between our stars, the sun, and all other stars

81. The degree to which content on a test (predictor) correlates with performance on relevant criterion measures

A. Face validity
B. Construct Validity
C. Content Validity
D. Criterion Validity

Answer : D
Criterion Validity

The degree to which content on a test (predictor) correlates with performance on relevant criterion measures (concrete criterion in
the "real" world?)
If they do correlate highly, it means that the test(predictor) is a valid one!
E.g. if you taught skills relating to ‘public speaking’ and had students do a test on it, the test can be validated by,looking at how it
relates to actual performance (public speaking) of students inside or outside of the classroom

82. Which type of norms does the following refers to?

A student got 90% rank of NAT exam. What does this mean?
A. Perecentile
B. National Norm’
C. Local Norm’
D. Fixed Reference Group Scoring Systems

Answer; A
TYPES OF NORMS

Percentiles- refer to a distribution divided into 100 equal parts.

- refer to the score at or below which a specific percentage of scores fall.
Ex. A student got 90% rank of NAT exam. What does this mean?
It means that 90% of his classmates scored lower than his score or 10% of his classmates got score above his score.
Age Norms (age-equivalent scores)–“indicate the average performance of different samples of test takers who were at various ages
at the time the test was administered” (Cohen & Swerdlik, 2002, p.105).
Grade Norms–Used to indicate the average test performance of test takers in a specific grade.–Based on a ten month scale, refers to
grade and month (e.g., 7.3 is equivalent to seventh grade, third month).
National Norms–Derived from a standardization sample nationally representative of the population of interest
Subgroup Norms–Are created when narrowly defined groups are sampled.
•Socioeconomic status• Handedness• Education level
Local Norms–Are derived from the local population’s performance on a measure.- Typically created ocally (i.e., by guidance
counselor, personnel director, etc.)
Fixed Reference Group Scoring Systems •Calculation of test scores is based on a fixed reference group that was tested in the past.

83. Learners learn in different ways. Why incidental or learning by insight is remarked as oftentimes more effective than formal
learning?
a. it is more functional and within the level of the learners interest and capabilities
b. it is usually advanced in contents
c. it has complicated matter system in its structure
d. it gives greater emphasis in giving incentives to learners

Answer: A

Incidental (random) learning is characterized as unorganized, unstructured and unintentional.

Incidental learning is unintentional or unplanned learning that results from other activities. It occurs often in the workplace and
when using computers, in the process of completing tasks (Baskett 1993; Cahoon 1995). It happens in many ways: through
observation, repetition, social interaction, and problem solving (Cahoon 1995; Rogers 1997); from implicit meanings in classroom or
workplace policies or expectations (Leroux and Lafleur 1995); by watching or talking to colleagues or experts about tasks (van Tillaart
et al. 1998); from mistakes, assumptions, beliefs, and attributions (Cseh, Watkins, and Marsick 1999); or from being forced to accept
or adapt to situations (English 1999). This "natural" way of learning (Rogers 1997) has characteristics of what is considered most
effective in formal learning situations: it is situated, contextual, and social

84. Teacher takes charge of the classroom immediately, sets ground rules and interacts with students in calm yet forceful way

A. Behavior modification approach

B. Assertive approach
C.business academic approach
D. Group managerial approach

Answer: B
Assertive approach
This approach use teachers assertion to immediately respond to student's

85. Do parents have a role in curriculum implementation and instruuction?

A. No, they have no formal training in pedagogy
B. Yes, they may provide insights on the curriculum
C. Yes, but only in helping thier children with school work
D. It depends on a school's private or a public status

CA is B... Some parents are not able to help their kids with homework so the school need to listen the concerns of parents about the
curriculum. Parents, as one of the curriculum stakeholders, may provide insights like in the grading system, etc.

86. Which of the following is/are examples of "thinking stems," or sentence starters that can prompt a reflective thinking?
I. "I'm thinking... "
II. I'm wondering... "
III. "From this chapter , I learned... "
IV. "From what I read, I realized... "

A. I, II and IV
B. II, III, and IV
C. I, II and III
D. I, III and IV

CA is A
Launching sequence for metacognition includes concrete experiences, wordless picture books, a graphic organizer and easy to
obtain tools to help students become metacognitive about their reading. It also includes thinking stems or sentence starters that can
prompt reflective thinking such as "I'm thinking... ","I'm wondering... ",or "I'm noticing. "

87. It was developed by DepEd to ensure the Quality for Teachers Personal and Professional Development in making Self Assessment
?
A. IPPD
B. TSNA
C. TPDI
D. KSA

CA is TSNA

The NCBTS-Teacher’s Strengths and Training Needs Assessment (TSNA) Tool is a self-assessment tool that enables teachers to
identify their professional strengths and development needs. It is a formative process that encourages teachers in taking personal
responsibility of their own growth and professional advancement with the goal of promoting student learning.

88. Which of the following is not an assertive type of discipline?

A. identify expectations clearly.

B. Use a firm tone of voice.
C. Follow -up with promises rather than with threats.
D. Insist on proper behavior.

CA is D

Asseerive disciplines:
Identify expectations clearly
Be willing to say "I like that" or "I don't like that".
Be persistent in stating expectations and feelings
Use a firm tone of voice
Maintain eye contact
Use non-verbal gestures in support of verbal staement
Use hints, questions, or I-messages rather than demands or requests for appropriate behavior.
Follow-up with promises (reasonable consequences, previously established) rather than with threats
Be assertive in confrontations with students... (Kelly, 2006)
89. A type of learning or problem solving that happens all-of-a-sudden through understanding the relationships of various parts of a
problem rather than through trial and error
A. Latent Leaning
B. Insight Learning
C. Discovery Learning
D. Generative Learning
Answer B
Insight learning is a type of learning or problem solving that happens all-of-a-sudden through understanding the relationships of
various parts of a problem rather than through trial and error.
90. In designing the effective curriculum, one should limit the number of concepts introduced and reduced. The language demands
to refrain from introducing new and unfamiliar labels in one day. What does it describe?
A. mediated scaffolding
B. strategic planning and integration
C. Primed Background Knowledge
D. Evident Strategies

CA is C
What is primed background knowledge?
For students with disabilities and diverse learning needs, priming background knowledge is critical to success because it addresses
the memory and strategy deficits they bring to certain tasks. In effect, priming is a brief reminder or prompt that alerts the learner
to task dimensions or to retrieve known information.
What is mediated scaffolding?
Mediated scaffolding is the support and guidance provided in the form of steps, tasks, materials, and personal support during initial
learning. As the learner progresses toward self-directed learning, the external supports are withdrawn. Some refer to scaffolds as
prompts or guides.
What is a conspicuous strategy?
For students with disabilities and diverse learning needs, such an approach is highly problematic because instructional time is a
precious commodity and these learners may never figure out an effective or efficient strategy. Learning is most efficient when a
teacher can make it conspicuous or explicit.
91. Which among the indicators could be most useful for assessing quality of schooling ?
A. Participation rate
B. Cohort survival rate
C. Net enrolment rate
D. Drop-out rate

Answer:B
Cohort Survival Rate is The percentage of enrollees at the beginning grade or year in a given school year who reached the final grade
or year of the elementary/secondary level

92. Which of the follwing are atlernative assessment ?

A. Porfolio, exhibits, journals
B. Paper and pencil test, demonstration,reports
C. Student self-assessment, authentic assessment, surveys
D. Multiple choice, structured observation, sentence completion
Answer: A

Alternative assessment is also known under various other terms, including:

authentic assessment
integrative assessment
holistic assessment
In education, "alternative assessment" is in direct contrast to what is known as "traditional testing" "traditional assessment," or
"standardized assessment."
Instead of traditional selected-response or constructed-response tests that look for discrete facts or knowledge students recall in a
standard way, students can apply knowledge in alternative, novel ways. Writing poetry in a language arts class, performing in a play
in a theatre class or a mock-trail in a government class are alternative assessments. These performances are assessed with rubrics,
which are also used to give feedback to students and stakeholders.
93. Which is one measure of attitude that consist of a value statement where you asked to express your degree of agreement or
disagreement of a statement?
A. Likert scare
B. interview schedule
C. semantic differential
D. Checklist

Answer: A
A Likert scale but is a psychometric scale commonly involved in research that employs questionnaires. It is the most widely used
approach to scaling responses in survey research, such that the term (or more accurately the Likert-type scale) is often used
interchangeably with rating scale, although there are other types of rating scales.
The format of a typical five-level Likert item, for example, could be:
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree

94. . Which is NOT a provision for the development of each learner in a good curriculum?
a. Extensive arrangements are made for the educational diagnosis of individual learners.
b. Self-directed, independent study is encouraged wherever possible and advisable.
c. Self-motivation and self-evaluation are stimulated and emphasized throughout the learning opportunities of the school.
d. The program provides a wide range of opportunities for individuals with same abilities, needs, and interests.

Answer: D

This entails that the answer to the question is a provision or activity which does not promote the development of each learner but
only of those with the same abilities

95. In the elementary level, English literature and Social studies relate well. While history is being studied, different literary pieces
during the historical period is being studied as well. What curriculum design is shown here?
a. Separate subject design
b. Discipline design
c. Correlation design
d. Broad field design

Answwr: C
Correlation design is similar to broad-field design in that it is focused on integration. The difference is that correlation design
combines only two subjects while broad-field will combine several subjects. In many ways, one could say that correlation design is a
simplistic version of broad-field design.

96. This phase of curriculum development involves decisions, among other things, on grade placement and sequencing of content.
Which phase is this?
a. Curriculum planning
b. Curriculum evaluation
c. Curriculum organization
d. Curriculum implementation

Answer: C
Curriculum organization is the Process of selecting curriculum elements form the subject, the current social life and the students
experience then designing the selected curriculum elements appropriately so thy they can form the curriculum structure and type.
97. One example of this design of subject-centered curriculum is that which shows social studies being combined with geography,
civics and culture, and history to comprise one subject area. Which design is this?
a. Correlated
b. Broadfields
c. Separate subject
d. Core

Answer B
Broadfield design was made to prevent the compartmentalization of subjects and integrate the contents that are related to each
other. Thus, geography, civics and culture, and history are fused into one subject called social studies. Eventually, the identity of
each subject is lost. Broad field draws around themes and integration.
98. Which is a graphic illustration of the relationship between two variable ?
A. Histogram
B. Scatter diagram
C .Frquency polygon
D. Normal curve
Answer: B
Scatter plots/Scatter Diagram are similar to line graphs in that they use horizontal and vertical axes to plot data points. However,
they have a very specific purpose. Scatter plots show how much one variable is affected by another. The relationship between two
variables is called their correlation .
99. Miss Anne plans her grade one curriculum based on her pupils’ interests. She works with the children’s families and other
community partners to enrich her lessons and to establish learning goals for her students. Miss Norilyn’s approach to curriculum is
called which of the following ?
A. Cognitive
B. Behavioral
C. Standards Based
D. Emergent
Answer:D
emergent curriculum is most typically found in early-childhood classrooms, but it can be noted in high grade levels that emphasize
personalization of learning and community involvement. This approach to curriculum places the student at the center of planning,
and it values family and community involvement in education
100. Ms. z, a grade five teacher, holds class meeting to discuss conflicts that come up in the classroom. She focuses on behavior
rather than students to help her students resolve conflicts. Her classroom management philosophy is based on which of the
following theories?
A. Canter’s assertive discipline
B. Glasser’s control theory
C. management plan
D. Hunter’s direct instruction

Answer: B
Glasser’s control theory suggests that teachers discuss behavior, not students, in class meeting. In this constructivist approach,
students listen to one another and arrive at compromises to resolve conflicts

101. What pillar of learning is concerned on the material development rather that human development?
a. Learning to Live Together
b. Learning to Be
c. Learning to Know
d. Learning to Do
Answer:D
.Learning to Do
- This pillar of education addresses the issue of occupational learning. It aims to equip people for the type of work needed in the
future.
102. What is the man’s ultimate vocation and destiny according to Paulo Freire?
a. Rationalization
b. Humanization
c. Secularization
d. Deregulation

Answer B. Humanization
- It is the ultimate vocation and destiny of man that can be achieved through conscientization ( process of being aware of the
contradictions existing within oneself and in society and being able to bring about personal and social transformation.)
103. Pertains to the way curriculum is conceptualized to include the selection and organization of content, the selection and
organization of learning experiences or activities and the selection of the assessment procedure and tools to measure achieved
learning outcomes.
A. Curriculum Planning
B. Curriculum Designing
C. Curriculum Implementing
D. Curriculum Evaluating

Answer B.

104. In this phase, school vision, mission, and goals; includes the philosophy or strong education belief of the school are considered.
A. Curriculum planning
B. Curriculum Designing
C. Curriculum implementing
D. Curriculum evaluating
Answer: A
phases of curriculum development
Curriculum Planning – considers the school vision, mission, and goals; includes the philosophy or strong education belief of the
school
Curriculum Designing – the way curriculum is conceptualized to include the selection and organization of content, the selection and
organization of learning experiences or activities and the selection of the assessment procedure and tools to measure achieved
learning outcomes.
-Also include the resources to be utilized and the statement of the intended learning outcomes
Curriculum Implementing – putting into action the plan; it is where the action takes place; involves the activities transpire in every
teacher’s classroom where learning becomes an active process
Curriculum Evaluating – determines the extent to which the desired outcomes have been achieved.
-this is an ongoing procedure as in finding out the progress of learning (formative) or the mastery of learning (summative)
105. It is the most versatile type of test because it can measure a variety of learning outcomes
A. Essay
B. Enumeration
C. Multiple Choice
D. Alternative Response Test

Answer : C
Objective tests
Paper-and-pencil test
Simple recall
-fill in the blanks
-enumeration
-identification
Alternative response test
True or false
Yes or no
Multiple choice – the most versatile type because it can measure a variety of learning outcomes
-the incomplete statement , or the direct question is called the STEM
106. According to Hardner, it is that frame of thinking that goes beyond knowledge. It poses new questions and offers new solutions.

A. Disciplined Mind
B. Creating Mind
C. Synthesizing Mind
D. Respectful Mind

What are the 5 frames of thinking according to Howard Gardner?

The Disciplined Mind
Ways of thinking necessary for major scholarly work and profession
The Synthesizing Mind
Selects crucial information from the voluminous amounts available
The Creating Mind
Goes beyond existing knowledge
Poses new questions, offers new solution
The Respectful Mind
Sympathetically adjust to individual differences
The Ethical Mind
Strives toward good work and good citizenship
107. Teacher B clears his throat to communicate disapproval of her student's behavior. what technique is used?
a. signal interference
b. proximity control
c. direct appeal
d. interest boosting

Answer : A

SIGNAL INTERFERENCE--- is any type of non-verbal behaviour that communicates to the student without disturbing others, that his
behavior is not appropriate. Signal behaviors must be clearly directed at the off-task student. There should be no doubt in the
student mind that the teacher is aware of what is going and that the student is responsible for the behaviour.
108. This is a type of research which aims to involve both the research specialists and classroom teachers in the study and
application of research to the educational issues in the school or in the classroom in particular.
A. Application Research
B. Evaluative Research
C. Action Research
D. Educational Research

Answer: C
Action research is either research initiated to solve an immediate problem or a reflective process of progressive problem solving led
by individuals working with others in teams or as part of a "community of practice" to improve the way they address issues and solve
problems.

109. Education paradigm shifts introduces learning even outside the formal classroom. Karen is working in an accountant firm and is
currently enrolled in a teacher education certificate under the on-line-program. What type of curriculum is this?
A. Spiral Curriculum
B. Embedded Curriculum’
C. Mastery Learning Curriculum
D. Open Education Curriculum

CA is D
Open education is a philosophy about the way people should produce, share, and build on knowledge. Proponents of open
education believe everyone in the world should have access to high-quality educational experiences and resources, and they work to
eliminate barriers to this goal.
Open learning is an innovative movement in education that emerged in the 1970s and evolved into fields of practice and study. The
term refers generally to activities that either enhance learning opportunities within formal education systems or
broaden learning opportunities beyond formal education systems.

110. A teacher constructed a matching type test item. In her column of descriptions are combinations of presidents, current issues
and sports. Which rule of constructing a matching type test item was not followed?
A. Arranged option according to order
B. Description must be homogenous
C. Options must be greater than the descriptions
D. Description must be heterogeneous
Answer B:
.Description must be homogenous…Premises nnust be homogenous as well as the responses and must be grouped as one item
111 . It is used to teach facts, rules, and action sequences. Direct instruction methods include compare and contrast,
demonstrations, didactic questions, drill and practice, guides for reading, listening and viewing, lecture, etc.
A. Experiential Instruction
B. Indirect Instruction
C. Direct Instruction
D. Interactive Instruction
Correct Answer is C
Direct instruction is systematic, structured and sequential teaching. Its basic steps include presenting the material, explaining, and
reinforcing it. According to Borich (2001), direct instruction methods are used to teach facts, rules, and action sequences. Direct
instruction methods include compare and contrast, demonstrations, didactic questions, drill and practice, guides for reading,
listening and viewing, lecture, etc.
112. Methods that include games, experiments, field trips, model building, field observations, role play, simulations
A. Experiential Instruction
B. Indirect Instruction
C. Direct Instruction
D. Interactive Instruction
Correct Answer is A
Experiential instruction is teaching students by directly involving them in a learning experience. This strategy emphasizes the process
and not the product of learning. Experiential learning methods include games, experiments, field trips, model building, field
observations, role play, simulations, etc.
113. Methods of teaching that include brainstorming, debates, cooperative learning, interviewing, small group discussion, whole
class discussion, etc.
A. Experiential Instruction
B. Indirect Instruction
C. Direct Instruction
D. Interactive Instruction
Correct Answer is D
Interactive instruction is teaching that addresses learners’ need to be active in their learning and interact with others including their
teachers and peers. Interactive methods of teaching include brainstorming, debates, cooperative learning, interviewing, small group
discussion, whole class discussion, etc.
114. Study methods that aim to develop learners’ initiative, self-reliance, and self-improvement and include assigned questions,
correspondence lessons, computer assisted instruction, essays, homework, learning contracts, reports, research projects, et
A. Experiential Instruction
B. Indirect Instruction
C. Independent Study
D. Interactive Instruction
Correct Answer is C
Independent study is teaching in which the teacher’s external control is reduced and students interact more with the content
(Petrina in press). Independent study methods aim to develop learners’ initiative, self-reliance, and self-improvement and include
assigned questions, correspondence lessons, computer assisted instruction, essays, homework, learning contracts, reports, research
projects, etc.
115.It is the educational process of relating the curriculum to a particular setting, situation, or area of application to make the
competencies relevant, meaningful, and useful to all learners
A. Spiral Progression
B. Contextualization
C. Differentiated Instruction
D. Constructivism

Correct Answer is B
According to DepEd Order No. 32, s. 2015 entitled Adopting The Indigenous Peoples Education Curriculum Framework,
contextualization is “the educational process of relating the curriculum to a particular setting, situation, or area of application to
make the competencies relevant, meaningful, and useful to all learners.” The degree of contextualization can be further
distinguished into localization which involves relating curriculum content to information and materials found in the learners’
immediate community, and indigenization which involves enhancing curriculum competencies, learning resources, and the even the
instructional process in relation to the biogeographical, historical, and socio-cultural context of the learners’ community. In
preparing lessons, teachers are encouraged to make full use of these contextualization strategies, if necessary, to make lessons
more relevant and meaningful to learners.

116. Instruction which means providing multiple learning options in the classroom so that learners of varying interests, abilities, and
needs are able to take in the same content appropriate to their needs
A. Spiral Progression
B. Contextualization
C. Differentiated Instruction
D. Constructivism
Correct Answer is C
Differentiated instruction. All K to 12 teachers are encouraged to differentiate their teaching in order to help different kinds of
learners meet the outcomes expected in each lesson. Differentiation or differentiated instruction means providing multiple learning
options in the classroom so that learners of varying interests, abilities, and needs are able to take in the same content appropriate to
their needs, According to Ravitch (2007), differentiation is instruction that aims to “maximize each student's growth by recognizing
that students have different ways of learning, different interests, and different ways of responding to instruction.”
117. In this part of the DLL or DLP, the teacher should make notes on the number of learners who earned 80% in the evaluation, the
number of learners who require additional activities for remediation and those who continue to require remediation, the
effectiveness of the remedial lesson, the teaching strategies or methods that worked well and why, and the difficulties teachers
encountered that their principal or supervisor can help solve
A. Remarks
B. Assessment
C. Reflection
D. Learning Resource

Correct Answer is C
Reflection: This part of the DLL requires teachers to reflect on and assess their effectiveness. In this part of the DLL, the teacher
should make notes on the number of learners who earned 80% in the evaluation, the number of learners who require additional
activities for remediation and those who continue to require remediation, the effectiveness of the remedial lesson, the teaching
strategies or methods that
worked well and why, and the difficulties teachers encountered that their principal or supervisor can help solve.
118. the right to use disincentives, to say “no”, withhold privileges, and give consequences or punishments to students. It implies
that if a line is crossed something will happen that will be less than desirable for the student.

A. Coercive Power
B. Referent Power
C. Expert Power
D. Legitimate Power

Correct Answer is A
Coercive power implies that if a line is crossed something will happen that will be less desirable for the student than if they choose
not to cross the line. No matter how much of the other forms of power a teacher possesses, without coercive power, some students
will take advantage of their freedom to cross lines without concern for penalties

119. Which is true of Education during the American Period?

A. The teaching of Tagalog, Philippine History and Character Education was reserved for Filipinos.
B. Love for work and dignity of labor was emphasized
C. Free primary instruction was aimed at training the people for the duties of citizenship
D. Provided for the establishment of at least 1 primary schools for boys and girls in each town under the municipal government

Correct Answer is C
American
1. An adequate secularized and free public school system during the last decade of American rule was established.
2. Free primary instruction that trained the people for the duties of citizenship and avocation was enforced by the Taft Commission.
3. Chaplains and non-commissioned officers were assigned to teach using English as the medium of instruction.

120. Teacher A is assigned in a remote area where she has to cross a river. The school is accessible by a motorcycle only but she has
to endure the risk in order to teach the pupils. What can she avail of?

A. Cost of Living Allowance

B. Special Hardship allowance
C. Compulsory Medical Examination
D. Additional Compensation

Correct Answer is B
Special hardships Allowances– at least 25% of teacher’s monthly salary shall be given to teachers assigned in areas where teachers
are exposed to hardships

121. Farah was hired as a para-teacher and was given a special permit. What is the maximum number of years that she can be a
para-teacher?

A. 5 years
B. 3 years
C. 2 years
D. 4 years

Correct Answer is D
Registration and Exception
Those who have failed LET, with a rating of not lower than 5 percentage points from the passing general average rating, shall be
eligible as para-teachers upon issuance by the Board of a two-year special permit, renewable for a non-extensible period of 2 years.
They will be assigned to areas where there is a shortage or absence of a professional teacher (RA 9293)

122. Which is true of a positively skewed distribution?

A. Most scores are high
B. Most scores are low
C. Test may be easy
D. Students learned much

Correct Answer is B
Positively skewed score distribution implies low scores, non-performing students, and ineffective teaching.
123. Which is true of a negatively skewed distribution?
A. Most scores are high
B. Most scores are low
C. Test may be difficult
D. Students learned very little

Correct Answer is A
Negatively skewed distribution suggests high scores, good performance, brilliant students and good teaching.
124. In measures of variability, this shows the difference between the highest and the lowest score
A. Standard Deviation
B. Central Tendency
C. Range
D. Correlation

Correct answer is C
Range is the difference between the highest and the lowest score.

125. Based on DepEd Order 8, s. 2015, how are kinder pupils graded?
a.by the use of numerical grades
b.by the use of checklist and portfolios
c.neither numerical nor portfolios
d.depends on schools

Correct Answer is B
For kindergarten, checklist and anecdotal records are used instead of numerical grades. These are based on the learning standards
found in the Kindergarten curriculum.

126. Which of the following dimensions of multiculturalism is the inclusion of materials, concepts and values from a variety of
cultures in teaching?
A. Knowledge Construction
B. Content Integration
C. Equity Pedagogy
D. Prejudice Reduction

Correct Answer is B

DIMENSIONS OF MULTICULTURALISM
Content Integration – is the inclusion of materials, concepts and values from a variety of cultures in teaching.
Knowledge Construction – is the recognition that all knowledge is socially constructed, created in minds of human beings to explain
their experiences and thus, can be challenged.
Equity pedagogy – is involved when teachers alter their teaching methods to accommodate the various cultural differences of
diverse students to stimulate academic achievement.
Prejudice Reduction – concerns changing the students’ attitudes towards differences of race and ethnicity.
Empowering school culture – it enables the other four dimensions.

127. To whom is classroom assessment not reported?

A. Principal
B. Child/Pupil
C. Teacher of the next grade
D. Parent /Guardian

Correct Answer is A
Classroom assessment serves to help teachers and parents understand the learner’s progress on the curriculum standards. The
result of the assessment are reported to the child, the child’s remedial class teacher, in any, and the teacher of the next grade level
as well as the parent or guardian.

128. Which questioning practice promotes more class interaction?

a. Asking question before calling a student.
b. Focusing on divergent questions.
c. Focusing on convergent questions.
d. Asking rhetorical questions.

Correct Answer is B
A divergent question is a question with no specific answer, but rather exercises one's ability to think broadly about a certain topic.

129. 3. The principal denied the enrolment of 3 foreign students claiming that the school already have 300 foreign students out of
the 900 total number of enrolment. Is the principal’s action justified?
a.No. Aliens should be given a chance just like the Filipinos
b. Yes. They should be enrolled in a school exclusively for aliens.
c. No. It is a violation of their right to access education
d. Yes. It is granted by the Constitution
Answer :D
Article XIV, Section 4.(1) The State recognizes the complementary roles of public and private institutions in the educational system
and shall exercise reasonable supervision and regulation of all educational institutions.
(2) Educational institutions, other than those established by religious groups and mission boards, shall be owned solely by citizens of
the Philippines or corporations or associations at least sixty per centum of the capital of which is owned by such citizens. The
Congress may, however, require increased Filipino equity participation in all educational institutions.
The control and administration of educational institutions shall be vested in citizens of the Philippines.
No educational institution shall be established exclusively for aliens and no group of aliens shall comprise more than one-third of the
enrollment in any school. The provisions of this subsection shall not apply to schools established for foreign diplomatic personnel
and their dependents and, unless otherwise provided by law, for other foreign temporary residents.

130. Can Lea Salonga be a music teacher even without a license?

a. No. She must take the board exam for teachers before teaching
b. Yes. She can because she is an acknowledged expert in her field.
c. No. Unless she takes 18 units of the professional education subjects.
d. Yes. As long as she is committed to fulfil her functions as a teacher.
Answer: B
RA 9293, Sec. 2 ...A special permit may also be issued by the Board to a person who has excelled and gained international
recognition and is a widely acknowledged expert in his or her respective field of specialization."
131. A child who is having difficulty containing himself is asked to do an errand. By the time he comes back, the rest of the class has
calmed down. Which classroom management technique was employed?
a. Proximity Control
B. Antiseptic bOuncing
C. Signal interference
D. Walking around
Answer is B…Antiseptic bouncing is the removal of the student within the classroom until such time the conflict subsides.
132. Which of the the following steps of the instructional process is not correct?
A. Planning instruction
B. Delivery of instruction
C. Assessment of learning
D. Analyzing the learners
Answer : D
According to Airasian (1994), the instructional process is made up of three (3) steps: (1) planning instruction; (2) delivery of
instruction; and (3) assessment of learning. This means that teaching begins even before a teacher steps in front of a class and
begins a lesson. This also means that teachers are expected to be able to organize and develop a plan for teaching, implement that
plan, and measure how effectively they implemented a plan
133. Which of the following is not an assertive type of discipline?
A. identify expectations clearly.
B. Use a firm tone of voice.
C. Follow -up with promises rather than with threats.
D. Insist on proper behavior.
Answer is D
D is observed in an authoritarian classroom.

Assertive disciplines:
Identify expectations clearly
Be willing to say "I like that" or "I don't like that".
Be persistent in stating expectations and feelings
Use a firm tone of voice
Maintain eye contact
Use non-verbal gestures in support of verbal staement
Use hints, questions, or I-messages rather than demands or requests for appropriate behavior.
Follow-up with promises (reasonable consequences, previously established) rather than with threats
Be assertive in confrontations with students... (Kelly, 2006)

134. Clutter is the enemy of comprehension. How is this applied in Powerpoint Presentation?
I. Have clear space
II. Keep number of words to the minimum
III. Use large fonts and headlines
IV. Use bullets not words
A. I and II
B. I, II and IV
C. II and III
D. I, II and III
Answer: D
Clutter is the enemy of comprehension.. Aside from strong use of images, keep the number of words to the bare minimum. The
more your audience is reading the screen, the less it is listening to you. Use large fonts and headlines and don't be afraid of clear
space. Bullet points are a form of slow torture and death for your audience. You may still think you need to set out and categorize
your points. If you feel you must, use words and titles instead of bullets. They make more sense to an audience and are visually more
appealing.
135. Which of the following is a sound way of treating minor disturbances?
A. "Do not make a mountain out of a mole"
B. "Prevention is better than cure"
C. Anticipate potential problems and "nip in the bud"
D. Strike the golden mean between extremely easy and extremely difficult activities.
Answer is A

Treat minor disturbance calmly. (Ornstein, 1990). "Do not make a mountain out of a mole. " if a stern look or gesture can kill the
inappropriate behavior so be it. That's the end period. Let us not make a fuss about it.
136. The role of play in the preschool and early childhood years is that it _____.
A. develops competitive spirit
B. separates reality from fantasy
C. develops the upper and lower limbs
D. increases imagination due to expanding knowledge and emotional range
Answer is D
The roles of play in early childhood and preoperational stage is that it increases their imagination. When they play they imagine
things and try to imitate the roles of those whom they idolize.
137. Keeping track of assessment results from one periodic rating to the next is useful in contributing to the development of a
_____.
A. regional plan
B. annual implementation plan
C. school improvement plan
D. division plan
Answer is C
138. Which among the following refers to the Republic Act that enhances the Philippine Basic Education System by strengthening its
curriculum and increasing the number of years for basic education?
A. Republic Act 4670 C. Republic Act 10533
B. Republic Act 7836 D. Republic Act 9293

Answer: C. Republic Act 10533 is also known as “Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013”. The enhanced basic education program
encompasses at least one (1) year of kindergarten education, six (6) years of elementary education, and six (6) years of secondary
education, in that sequence.
139. Teacher Mae is in a relationship with his own student. Is this allowed?
A. Yes, they should be proud of their relationship by announcing in the class how strong their relationship is.
B. No at all times.
C. Yes, provided that Teacher Toni should exercise utmost professionalism to avoid scandal, gossip and preferential treatment of the
learner.
D. No, unless the principal allows.
Answer: C. According to Article VIII, Section 7 of the “Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers”, in a situation where mutual
attraction and subsequent love develop between teacher and learner, the teacher shall exercise utmost professional discretion to
avoid scandal, gossip and preferential treatment of the learner.
140. According to Republic Act 4670, the term “teacher” includes _____.
I. Full time teachers
II. Vocational teachers
III. Guidance counselors
IV. Librarian

A. I, II and III C. I and II

B. I, II, III and IV D. III and IV
Answer: B. As used in Republic Act 4670, the term "teacher" shall mean all persons engaged in classroom teaching, in any level of
instruction, on full-time basis, including guidance counselors, school librarians, industrial arts or vocational instructors, and all other
persons performing supervisory and/or administrative functions in all schools, colleges and universities operated by the Government
or its political subdivisions; but shall not include school nurses, school physicians, school dentists, and other school employees
141. During conferences and meetings, Teacher Miguel often introduced himself by saying “I am only a teacher.” This line implies
that ____.
A. The teaching profession is insignificant.
B. Teachers receive the lowest salaries.
C. The speaker is a reluctant teacher.
D. The speaker is not proud to be a teacher.
Answer: D. The line that says “I am only a teacher”, especially because of the word “only”, implies that Teacher Miguel is not proud
of his profession as a teacher. According to Article IV, Section 1 of the “Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers”, every teacher shall
actively insure that teaching is the noblest profession, and shall manifest genuine enthusiasm and pride in teaching as a noble calling
142. . Teacher Randy, a Grade-8 Teacher is socially detached from his learners’ parents so as not to be perceived as biased and unfair
by other parents especially in selecting the deserving honor students of the class. Is Teacher Randy’s behavior correct?
A. No, a teacher should maintain cordial relations with parents.
B. Yes, it is his personal choice and right as a teacher.
C. Yes, Teacher Randy’s behavior of being socially detached is a good example in order to avoid inequalities and being partial to his
learners.
D. Yes, provided that such behavior receives approval from the school head.
Answer: A. According to Article IX, Section 1 of the “Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers”, every teacher shall establish and
maintain cordial relations with parents, and shall conduct himself to merit their confidence and respect
143. Whose philosphy advocate the use if research to understand d existence of God?
a. st benedict
b. st aquanias
c. st john
d. st Thomas
Answer: B
In the Summa Theologiae Ia 2.3, Aquinas offers five demonstrations for God’s existence (these are famously referred to as the “five
ways”). Each demonstration proceeds roughly as follows: Aquinas identifies some observable phenomenon and then attempts to
show that, necessarily, the cause of that phenomenon is none other than God. The phenomena Aquinas cites in these
demonstrations include: 1) motion; 2) the existence of efficient causes; 3) the reality of contingency; 4) the different grades of
perfection in the natural order; and 5) the end-directed activity of natural objects.
144. Mrs. Santos conducts research on the psychosocial domain of development. In what particular area of the child's development
is Mrs. Gomez most likely to be interested with?
a. Perceptual abilities
b. Brain-wave patterns
c. Emotions
d. Use of language
Answer : C
....The cognitive domain includes the mental processes of knowing, which include imagining, perceiving, reasoning and problem
solving. The psychosocial domain features development in the person's emotions, personality, social interactions and expectations.
A person's development is a lifelong process.
145. Syllabi, course of study, module, books or instructional guides, lesson plan falls under what curriculum?
A. Assessed
B. Recommended
C. Written
D. Taught
Answer : C
Written Curriculum
 Documents based on recommended curriculum
Example: syllabi, course of study, module, books or instructional guides, lesson plan
146. If you want to hone your students' metacognitive ability, which is most fit ?
a. Drill for mastery
b. Journal writing
c. Debate
d. Brainstorming
Answer: B
metacognition is thinking about thinking and learning how to learn. Writing a journal makes a student record what transpired during
a learning activity.
147. Teacher Renz requires his students to memorize the poem “Mi Ultimo Adios” but they do not actually know the meaning of the
poem. This traditional technique which turns the students into “tiny parrots” is exhibited when teachers use _____________?
A. 2x4x8 Concept Teaching
B. Textbook Technique
C. Direct Instruction Technique
D. Rote Learning Technique

Answer: D.

Rote learning is commonly known as “repeat after me” teaching thus making students like tiny parrots.
2 stands for 2 covers of the book, 4- fours walls of the classroom, 8- 8 hours of student's stay in the classroom learning is limited
because it is confined within that 3 dimension

148. Teaching methods in this philosophy focus on mastery of facts and basic skills through demonstration and recitation. Students
must also demonstrate the ability to think critically and scientifically, using observation and experimentation.
a. existentialism
b. idealism
c. perennialism
d. Realism
Answer: D
Realists believe that reality exists independent of the human mind. Aristotle, a student of Plato who broke with his mentor's idealist
philosophy, is called the father of both Realism and the scientific method. Teaching methods focus on mastery of facts and basic
skills through demonstration and recitation. Students must also demonstrate the ability to think critically and scientifically, using
observation and experimentation.
149. The following falls under what philosophy of Kounin?
“Gregg, you need to remember the rules in algebra before you can solve an equation.” “Jason, it is your turn to work at the
computer now.” “Gregg, remember that you must first multiply and divide before we can add or subtract.”
a. Ripple Effect
b. effective transition
c. Momentum
d. Overlapping
Answer: D
Overlapping is a process by which a classroom teacher can attend to more than one activity at one time
RIpple Effect- This effect is accomplished when one or more students improve their behavior due to a teacher correcting the
behavior of a fellow classmate
Withitness- describes the need for the teacher to be aware of what is going on in all parts of the classroom at all times
Effective Transitions - accomplished when a class can move from one activity to another without loosing valuable instructional time.
Momentum is being able to keep a brisk pace in the classroom.

Smoothness -the ability of a teacher to continue with a lesson without being distracted.
Group Alerting- Making sure the entire class is “on task.”
150. A boy who went to the USA learned and spoke the English language only and assumed the American culture completely leaving
no trace of his filipino culture is an example of _________.
a. Enculturation
b. Assimilation
c. Acculturation
d. Accommodation
Answer : B
When the previous culture is replaced by a new one, it is assimilation.