1.

Air Borne
Diphtheria ( ‫حلق کي بيماری‬, ‫ )خناق‬is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Symptoms: sore
throat and fever in severe cases a grey or white patch develops in the throat. This can block the airway and create a
barking cough. The neck may swell in part due to large lymph nodes. A form of diphtheria that involves the skin, eyes,
or genitals also exists. Complications may include myocarditis, inflammation of nerves, kidney problems, and bleeding
problems due to low blood platelets. Myocarditis may result in an abnormal heart rate and inflammation of the nerves
may result in paralysis. Treatment: Quinvaxem is a widely administered pentavalent vaccine.

Pertussis (also known as whooping cough or 100-day cough ‫ )کالی کھانسی‬is a highly contagious bacterial disease
caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. Symptoms: similar to those of the common cold with a runny nose, fever,
and mild cough. Vaccination with the pertussis vaccine

Bacterial pneumonia is a type of pneumonia caused by infection. Symptoms: Fever, Rigors (Chills), Cough, Runny
nose, Dyspnea – shortness of breath, Chest pain, Shaking chills. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is
a pneumococcal vaccine and a conjugate vaccine used to protect infants, young children, and adults against disease
caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus). There are currently three types of PCV
having brand names: Prevnar (called Prevenar in some countries), Synflorix and Prevnar 13.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).
Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body. Symptoms: of active TB are a
chronic cough with blood-containing sputum, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. The only available Vaccine as of
2011 is Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Drugs: Isoniazid, Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane), Ethambutol (Myambutol),
Pyrazinamide.

2. Water Borne
Typhoid fever, (Typhoid), is a bacterial infection due to Salmonella typhi. Symptoms: Weakness, abdominal
pain, constipation, and headaches. Treatment azithromycin, fluoroquinolones or third generation cephalosporins.
The Widal test, developed in 1896 and named after its inventor, Georges-Fernand Widal, is a
presumptive serological test in which bacteria causing typhoid are mixed with a serum containing specific antibodies
obtained from an infected individual.

Gastroenteritis, (Infectious Diarrhea), is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that involves the stomach and small
intestine. Symptoms: diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, Fever, lack of energy, and dehydration also called the
"stomach flu". In the developed world Campylobacter jejuni is the primary cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, with half of
these cases associated with exposure to poultry.[19] In children, bacteria are the cause in about 15% of cases, with the
most common types being Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter species.

Bacillary Dysentery is a type of dysentery, and is a severe form of shigellosis. Bacillary dysentery is associated with
species of bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family. The term is usually restricted to Shigella infections.
Shigellosis is caused by one of several types of Shigella bacteria. Three species are associated with bacillary
dysentery: Shigella sonnei, Shigella flexneri and Shigella dysenteriae. A study in China indicated that Shigella
flexneri 2a was the most common serotype. Bacillary Dysentery should not be confused with diarrhea caused by other
bacterial infections. One characteristic of bacillary dysentery is blood in stool, which is the result of invasion of
the mucosa by the pathogen. Antibiotics, ciprofloxacin or TMP-SMX (Bactrim).

Cholera is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Symptom is large
amounts of watery diarrhea that lasts a few days. Vomiting and muscle cramps may also occur. Cholera vaccines

3. Food Borne
Botulism is a rare and potentially fatal illness caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. The
disease begins with weakness, blurred vision, feeling tired, and trouble speaking. This may then be followed by
weakness of the arms, chest muscles, and legs. The disease does not usually affect consciousness or cause a fever.
The bacterial spores which causes it are common in both soil and water. They produce the botulinum toxin when
exposed to low oxygen levels and certain temperatures.

4. Skin Diseases
Erysipelas (Greek-red skin) is an acute infection typically with a skin rash, usually on any of the legs and toes, face,
arms, and fingers. It is an infection of the upper dermis and superficial lymphatics, usually caused by beta-hemolytic
group A Streptococcus bacteria (hemolytic streptococci- Streptococcus pyogenes) on scratches or otherwise infected
areas. Oral Or Intravenous Antibiotics, penicillins, clindamycin, or erythromycin.