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a. (𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 4) = (𝑥 + 6)2
= 𝑥𝑥 + 4𝑥 − 3𝑥 − 3 × 4 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 × 6 + 62
= 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 12 = 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 36
= 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 12 = 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 36
= 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 12 = 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 36
= 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 12 + 12 = 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 36 + 12
= 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 48
= −11𝑥 = 48
−11𝑥 48
= =
−11 −11
48
=−
11
2𝑥+7 2𝑥+3
b. =
5𝑥+2 5𝑥−1
= 14𝑥 = 13
14𝑥 13
= =
14 14
13
=
14
2. Resolver por los tres métodos de solución y graficar la ecuación simultanea de dos
incógnitas.
a. 1. Método de igualación
5𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4 = 0
{
3𝑥 − 𝑦 − 9 = 0
Ecuación 1 => 5𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4 = 0
Ecuación 2 => 3𝑥 − 𝑦 − 9 = 0
5𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4 = 0 3𝑥 − 𝑦 − 9 = 0
5𝑥 = 0 − 2𝑦 + 4 3𝑥 = 0 + 𝑦 + 9
0−2𝑦+4 0+𝑦+9
𝑥= 𝑥=
5 3
0−2𝑦+4 0+𝑦+9
𝑥= =𝑥=
5 3
5(𝑦 + 9) = 3(−2𝑦 + 4)
5𝑦 + 45 = −6𝑦 + 12
5𝑦 + 6𝑦 = 12 − 45
11𝑦 = −33
33
𝑦=−
11
𝑦 = −3
−2(−3)+4 6+4 10
𝑥= = = =2
5 5 5
𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = −3
a. 2. Método de sustitución
5𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4 = 0
{
3𝑥 − 𝑦 − 9 = 0
Ecuación 1 => 5𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4 = 0
Ecuación 2 => 3𝑥 − 𝑦 − 9 = 0
5𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4 = 0 3𝑥 − 𝑦 − 9 = 0
5𝑥 = 0 − 2𝑦 + 4 3𝑥 = 0 + 𝑦 + 9
0−2𝑦+4 0+𝑦+9
𝑥= 𝑥=
5 3
0−2𝑦−4 0+𝑦+9
𝑥= =𝑥=
5 3
0+𝑦+9
5( ) = 0 − 2𝑦 + 4
3
5𝑦+45
= −2𝑦 + 4
3
5𝑦 + 45 = −6𝑦 + 12
5𝑦 + 6𝑦 = 12 − 45
11𝑦 = −33
33
𝑦=−
11
𝑦 = −3
0+𝑦+9 0+(−3)+9 6
𝑥= = = =2
3 3 3
𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = −3
a. 3.Método de eliminación/reducción
[5𝑥+2𝑦−4=0
3𝑥−𝑦−9=0
]
(3)5𝑥+2𝑦−4=0
[(−5)3𝑥−𝑦−9=0 ]
[15𝑥+6𝑦=−12
−15𝑥+5𝑦=45
]
[6𝑦=−12
5𝑦=45
]
11𝑦 = −33
33
𝑦=−
11
𝑦 = −3
5𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4 = 0
5𝑥 + 2(−3) − 4 = 0
5𝑥 + (−6) − 4 = 0
5𝑥 = 0 + 6 + 4
5𝑥 = 6 + 4
5𝑥 = 10
10
𝑥=
5
𝑥=2
𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = −3
6𝑥 + 𝑦 − 9 = 0
b. 𝑓(𝑥) = {
−2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 6 = 0
b. 1 Método de igualación
6𝑥 + 𝑦 − 9 = 0
{
−2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 6 = 0
Ecuación 1 => 6𝑥 + 𝑦 − 9 = 0
Ecuación 2 => −2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 6 = 0
6𝑥 + 𝑦 − 9 = 0 −2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 6 = 0
6𝑥 = 0 − 𝑦 + 9 −2𝑥 = 0 − 3𝑦 − 6
0−𝑦+9 0−3𝑦−6
𝑥= 𝑥=
6 −2
−𝑦+9 −3𝑦−6
𝑥= =𝑥=
6 −2
6(0 − 3𝑦 − 6) = (−2)(0 − 𝑦 + 9)
−18𝑦 − 36 = 2𝑦 − 18
−18𝑦 − 2𝑦 = −18 + 36
−20𝑦 = 18
9
𝑦=−
10
9 9+(10×9) 99 99
−(−10)+9 99 99 33
10 10 10
𝑥= = = = 6 = = =
6 6 6 10×6 60 20
1
33 9
𝑥= ,𝑦 =−
20 10
b. 2 Método de sustitución
6𝑥 + 𝑦 − 9 = 0
{
−2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 6 = 0
Ecuación 1 => 6𝑥 + 𝑦 − 9 = 0
Ecuación 2 => −2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 6 = 0
6𝑥 + 𝑦 − 9 = 0 −2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 6 = 0
6𝑥 = 0 − 𝑦 + 9 −2𝑥 = 0 − 3𝑦 − 6
0−𝑦+9 0−3𝑦−6
𝑥= 𝑥=
6 −2
−𝑦+9 −3𝑦−6
𝑥= =𝑥=
6 −2
−𝑦+9
−2 ( ) + 3𝑦 + 6 = 0
6
−𝑦+9
−2 ( ) = 0 − 3𝑦 − 6
6
2𝑦+(−18)
( ) = 0 − 3𝑦 − 6
6
2𝑦 − 18 = 6(−3𝑦 − 6)
2𝑦 − 18 = −18𝑦 − 36
2𝑦 + 18𝑦 = −36 + 18
20𝑦 = −18
18 9
𝑦=− =−
20 10
9
𝑦=−
10
33 9
𝑥= ,𝑦 =−
20 10
a. 3.Método de eliminación/reducción
6𝑥 + 𝑦 − 9 = 0
[ ]
−2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 6 = 0
12𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 18 = 0
[ ]
−12𝑥 + 18𝑦 + 36 = 0
2𝑦 = 18
[ ]
18𝑦 = −36
20𝑦 = −18
18 9
𝑦=− =−
20 10
9
𝑦=−
10
6𝑥 + 𝑦 − 9 = 0 99
𝑥 = 10
6𝑥 + (−
9
)−9 =0 6
10
99
𝑥 = 10
9
6𝑥 = 0 − (− ) +9
10 6
1
9
6𝑥 = − (− ) +9
10 99 × 1
𝑥=
9
−(−10)+9 10 × 6
𝑥=
6 99
𝑥=
9+(10×9) 60
10
𝑥=
6 33
𝑥=
9+90 20
10
𝑥=
6
33 9
𝑥= ,𝑦 =−
20 10
Grafica
a) b)
Rango
Rango
c) d)
Rango
Rango
ii. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 2 + 5; 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 4 − 7𝑥 2
1. (𝑓 + 𝑔)(𝑥 ) = (2𝑥 2 + 5) + (4 − 7𝑥 2 )
(𝑓 + 𝑔)(𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 2 + 5 + 4
(𝑓 + 𝑔)(𝑥 ) = −5𝑥 2 + 9
2. (𝑓 − 𝑔)(𝑥 ) = (2𝑥 2 + 5) − (4 − 7𝑥 2 )
(𝑓 − 𝑔)(𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 2 + 5 + 4 − 7𝑥 2
(𝑓 − 𝑔)(𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 2 + 5 + 4
(𝑓 − 𝑔)(𝑥 ) = −5𝑥 2 + 9
3. (𝑓 × 𝑔)(𝑥 ) = (2𝑥 2 + 5) × (4 − 7𝑥 2 )
(𝑓 × 𝑔)(𝑥 ) = 8𝑥 2 − 14𝑥 4 + 20 − 35𝑥 2
(𝑓 × 𝑔)(𝑥 ) = −14𝑥 4 + 8𝑥 2 − 35𝑥 2 + 20
(𝑓 × 𝑔)(𝑥 ) = −14𝑥 4 − 27𝑥 2 + 20
4. (𝑓 ○ 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥))
2
(𝑓 ○ 𝑔)(𝑥) = (2(4 − 7𝑥2 ) + 5)
2
(𝑓 ○ 𝑔)(𝑥) = (2 (16−56𝑥 − 49𝑥4 ) + 5)
(𝑓 ○ 𝑔)(𝑥) = 32−112𝑥 2 −98𝑥 4 + 5
(𝑓 ○ 𝑔)(𝑥) = −98𝑥 4 −112𝑥 2 + 32 + 5
(𝑓 ○ 𝑔)(𝑥) = −98𝑥 4 −112𝑥 2 + 37
iii. 𝑓(√3)
2
𝑓 (√3) = 3 (√3) + √3
𝑓 (√3) = 3(1,73)2 + √3
𝑓 (√3) = 3(3) + √3
𝑓 (√3) = 9 + √3
a. Gráfica.
(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ), (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 )
𝟐 𝟐
= √(𝟓 − (−𝟓)) + (𝟔 − (−𝟔))
= √(𝟏𝟎)𝟐 + (𝟏𝟐)𝟐
= 𝟏𝟓. 𝟔𝟐
= √(−𝟑)𝟐 + (𝟒)𝟐
= √𝟗 + 𝟏𝟔 = √𝟐𝟓
=𝟓
𝟐 𝟐
= √((−𝟓) − 𝟐) + ((−𝟔) − 𝟏𝟎)
= √(−𝟕)𝟐 + (−𝟏𝟔)𝟐
6 −9 × 5 18
𝑦 = 𝑥+𝑏 𝑏= +
5 5 5
6 −9 × 5 + 18
−9 = (−3) + 𝑏 𝑏=
5 5
6 −45 + 18
(−3) + 𝑏 = −9 𝑏=
5 5
18 −27
− + 𝑏 = −9 𝑏=
5 5
18 18 6 −27
− +𝑏+ 𝑦 = (5) +
5 5 5 5
18
= −9 +
5
18
𝑏 = −9 +
5