this is in the form ax2 + bx + c = 0

comparing coefficients a = 1, b = –4, c = –6

− (−4) ± (−4) 2 − 4(1)(−6)

y =
2(1)

4 ± 16 + 24
the roots of the equation are =
2
4± 40
y =
2

y =
4 ± 2 10
=
(
2 2 ± 10 )
2 2
y = 2 + 10 or y = 2 − 10

4 1 4
Example 6 : Solve − =
m + 2 m + 3 2m + 1
4(m + 3) − 1(m + 2) 4
=
(m + 2)(m + 3) 2m + 1
4m + 12 − m − 2 4
=
m + 2m + 3m + 6 2m + 1
2

3m + 10 4
=
m + 5m + 6 2 m + 1
2

On Cross multiplying, 4m2 + 20m + 24 = 6m2 + 20m + 3m + 10

4m2 + 20m + 24 – 6m2 – 23m – 10 = 0
–2m2 – 3m + 14 = 0
This is in the Standard form 2m2 + 3m – 14 = 0
2m2 + 7m – 4m – 14 = 0
m(2m + 7) –2 (2m + 7) = 0
(2m + 7) (m – 2) = 0
Either (2m + 7) = 0 or (m – 2) = 0

−7
m= or m=2
2

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Example 3 : Find the sum and product of the roots of equation 2m2 – 8m = 0
2m2 – 8m + 0 = 0
The coefficients are a = 2, b = –8, c = 0
Let the roots be α and β
−b − (−8)
i) Sum of the roots α+β = = = 4
a 2
c 0
ii) Product of the roots αβ = = = 0
a 2

Example 4 : Find the sum and product of the roots of equation x2 – (p+q)x + pq = 0
x2 – (p + q) x + pq = 0
The coefficients are a = 1, b = –(p + q), c = pq
−b
i) Sum of the roots m + n =
a
− [− (p + q )]
m + n =
1
∴ m + n = (p + q)

c pq
ii) Product of the roots mn = =
a 1
∴ mn = pq

Exercise : 5.7
Find the sum and product of the roots of the quadratic equation :
1) x2 + 5x + 8 = 0 2) 3a2 – 10a – 5 = 0 3) 8m2 – m = 2
4) 6k2 – 3 = 0 5) pr2 = r – 5 6) x2 + (ab) x + (a + b) = 0

8. To form an equation for the given roots

Let ‘m’ and ‘n’ are the roots of the equation
∴ x = ‘m’ or x = ‘n’
i.e., x – m = 0, x – n = 0
(x – m) (x – n) = 0
∴ x2 – mx – nx + mn = 0
x2 – (m + n) x + mn = 0

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