High strength low alloy steel, YS355 (hot rolled) Page 1 of 4

General information
Designation
EN 10149-2:1996 S355MC

Condition Hot rolled

EN name S355MC
EN number 1.0976
Tradenames
ArcelorMittal: HSLA 360, Corus: Tenform
XF350
Typical uses
Automotive: rocker inners, pillar reinforcements, cross members longitudinal members for chassis parts, wheels,
seats, airbag parts, headrests, safety belts, clutch plates; Carriages for conventional and high-speed trains; Light
towers; Warehouse shelving; Silos and containers; Earth moving and agric ultural mac hines.

Composition overview
Compositional summary
Fe97-100 / Al0.015-0.018 (impurities: Mn<1.5, Si<0.4, Nb<0.3, V<0.2, Ti<0.15, C<0.1, P<0.03,
S<0.02)
Material family Metal
(ferrous)
Base material Fe
(Iron)
Composition detail (metals, ceramics and glasses)
Al (aluminum) 0,015 - 0,018 %
C (carbon) 0 - 0,1 %
Fe (iron) 97,3 - 100 %
Mn (manganese) 0 - 1,5 %
Nb (niobium) 0 - 0,3 %
P (phosphorus) 0 - 0,03 %
S (sulfur) 0 - 0,02 %
Si (silicon) 0 - 0,4 %
Ti (titanium) 0 - 0,15 %
V (vanadium) 0 - 0,2 %

Price
Price 0,532 EUR/kg

Physical properties
Density * 7,8e3 - 7,9e3 kg/m^3

Mechanical properties
Young's modulus * 200 - 221 GPa
Yield s trength (elas tic limit) 350 - 435 MPa
Tensile strength 430 - 550 MPa
Elongation 19 - 23 % strain
Compressive strength * 350 - 435 MPa

Values marked * are estimates.

No warranty is given for the accuracy of this data
 High strength low alloy steel, YS355 (hot rolled) Page 2 of 4

Flexural modulus * 200 - 221 GPa

Flexural strength (modulus of rupture) * 350 - 435 MPa
Shear modulus * 77,1 - 85,1 GPa
Bulk modulus * 167 - 184 GPa
Poisson's ratio * 0,286 - 0,315
Shape factor 55
Hardness - Vickers * 140 - 173 HV
Fatigue strength at 10^7 cycles * 202 - 236 MPa
Fatigue strength model (stress range) * 171 - 278 MPa
Parameters: Stress Ratio = -1, Number of Cycles = 1e7cycles

600
model (stress range)
Fatigue strength

400

200

100 1000 10000 100000 1e6 1e7 1e8

Number of Cycles
Stress Ratio=-1

Mechanical loss coefficient (tan delta) * 9,5e-4 - 0,00126

Impact & fracture properties

Fracture toughness * 43 - 62 MPa.m^0.5

Thermal properties
Melting point * 1,42e3 - 1,51e3 °C
Maximum service temperature * 473 - 502 °C
Minimum service temperature * -63 - -35 °C
Thermal conductivity * 42 - 50 W/m.°C
Specific heat capacity * 447 - 500 J/kg.°C
Thermal expansion coefficient * 11 - 13 µstrain/°C

Electrical properties
Electrical resistivity * 19 - 29 µohm.cm
Galvanic potential * -0,52 - -0,44 V

Magnetic properties
Magnetic type Magnetic

Values marked * are estimates.

No warranty is given for the accuracy of this data
 High strength low alloy steel, YS355 (hot rolled) Page 3 of 4

Optical properties
Transparenc y Opaque

Processing properties
Metal casting Unsuitable
Metal cold forming Acceptable
Metal hot forming Excellent
Metal press forming Excellent
Metal deep drawing Excellent
Carbon equivalency 0 - 0,183

Durability
Water (fresh) Acceptable
Water (salt) Limited use
Weak acids Limited use
Strong acids Unacceptable
Weak alkalis Acceptable
Strong alkalis Limited use
Organic solvents Excellent
Oxidation at 500C Acceptable
UV radiation (sunlight) Excellent
Galling resistance (adhesive wear) Limited use
Flammability Non-flammable

Primary production energy, CO2 and water

Embodied energy, primary production * 25,1 - 27,7 MJ/kg
CO2 footprint, primary production * 2,26 - 2,49 kg/kg
Water usage * 45,1 - 49,8 l/kg

Processing energy, CO2 footprint & water

Rough rolling, forging energy * 3,29 - 3,97 MJ/kg
Rough rolling, forging CO2 * 0,247 - 0,298 kg/kg
Rough rolling, forging water * 3,03 - 4,54 l/kg
Extrusion, foil rolling energy * 6,28 - 7,64 MJ/kg
Extrusion, foil rolling CO2 * 0,471 - 0,573 kg/kg
Extrusion, foil rolling water * 4,38 - 6,57 l/kg
Wire drawing energy * 22,7 - 27,8 MJ/kg
Wire drawing CO2 * 1,71 - 2,09 kg/kg
Wire drawing water * 9,05 - 13,6 l/kg
Metal powder forming energy * 37,2 - 41,7 MJ/kg
Metal powder forming CO2 * 2,97 - 3,34 kg/kg
Metal powder forming water * 40,9 - 61,3 l/kg
Vaporization energy * 1,11e4 - 1,18e4 MJ/kg
Vaporization CO2 * 835 - 882 kg/kg

Values marked * are estimates.

No warranty is given for the accuracy of this data
 High strength low alloy steel, YS355 (hot rolled) Page 4 of 4

Vaporization water * 4,53e3 - 6,8e3 l/kg

Coarse machining energy (per unit wt removed) * 0,949 - 1,05 MJ/kg
Coarse machining CO2 (per unit wt removed) * 0,0712 - 0,0788 kg/kg
Fine machining energy (per unit wt removed) * 4,99 - 6,01 MJ/kg
Fine machining CO2 (per unit wt removed) * 0,374 - 0,45 kg/kg
Grinding energy (per unit wt removed) * 9,47 - 11,5 MJ/kg
Grinding CO2 (per unit wt removed) * 0,711 - 0,863 kg/kg
Non-conventional machining energy (per unit wt removed) * 111 - 118 MJ/kg
Non-conventional machining CO2 (per unit wt removed) * 8,35 - 8,82 kg/kg

Recycling and end of life

Recycle
Embodied energy, recycling * 7,95 - 8,79 MJ/kg
CO2 footprint, recycling * 0,624 - 0,69 kg/kg
Recycle fraction in current supply * 39,9 - 44 %
Downcycle
Combust for energy recovery
Landfill
Biodegrade

Notes
Other notes
Precipitation hardening and grain size refining of High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steels result in high strength, good
fatigue properties and enhanced weldability with low alloy content. They are particularly appropriate for automotive
suspension systems, chassis and reinforcement parts.

Standards with similar compositions

USA: ASTM SAE J1392 050XLK, UK BS 1449 43/35, Germany SEW092 QSTE
380TM

Links
ProcessUniverse
Producers
Reference
Shape

Values marked * are estimates.

No warranty is given for the accuracy of this data