Confined Spaces in Construction

Presentation on theme: "Confined Spaces in Construction"—

Presentation transcript:

1 Confined Spaces in Construction

2 Confined spaces can be deadly and are a leading cause of occupational fatalities.
Some confined spaces are more hazardous than others.Confined space conditions can change
rapidly from no hazards to life-threatening hazards.Some confined spaces are so hazardous, a
written permit system is required for entry.The hazards of confined spaces can often be controlled
or eliminated before entering.

3 Confined Space in Construction

Large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter it.Limited or restricted means of
entry or exitNot designed for continuous occupancyIt must have all three characteristics to be a
confined space.

4 Confined Spaces in Construction

OSHA specifically exempts the following:Construction work regulated by Subpart P
excavations.Construction work regulated by Subpart S – undergroundConstruction work regulated by
Subpart Y – diving.Mining (MSHA), Shipyards (Part 1915), Agriculture (Part 1928).

5 TanksManholesBoilersFurnacesSewersSilosHoppersDigestersVaultsPipesTunnelsDuctsBinsPitsTrenc
hesAtticsCrawl Spaces

6 Hazardous (Permit-required) Confined Space

Actual or potential hazardous atmosphereMaterials could engulf entrantInternal shape could trap
entrantContains other serious hazards

7 Confined Spaces in Construction

Confined spaces such as manholes, crawl spaces, and tanks – are not designed for continuous
occupancy and are difficult to exit in the event of an emergency.Construction workers building or
performing tasks in confined spaces face life-threatening hazards including toxic substances,
electrocutions, explosions, and asphyxiation.

8 Confined Space Hazards

Physical hazardsEngulfment hazardsEntrapmentOxygen deficiencyCombustibilityToxic air
contaminants

9 Physical Hazards Mechanical equipment Moving parts

Gases, liquids, or fluidsHeat and coldExcessive noiseExcessive vibration
10 Hazardous AtmosphereA “hazardous atmosphere” in a confined space has one or more of the
following:Oxygen content below 19.5% or above 23.5%Flammable gas, mist, vapor, or dustToxic
chemicals, mist, vapors, or dustAir contaminant concentrations that would cause death,
incapacitation, or permanent health problems

11 You must do air monitoring to determine if a hazardous atmosphere exists!!!

12 Permit Space EntryEntry into a permit-required confined space is not a one person job. It
requires a team of individuals who work together and have the knowledge and skills necessary to
complete the job safely.

13 Practices and Procedures

Conduct hazard evaluationsPost danger signsDevelop a permit space program

14 Role of an ENTRY SUPERVISOR

Determine acceptable entry conditionsAuthorize entry and oversee operationsTerminate entry if
hazardous conditions develop

15 Role of an ENTRY SUPERVISOR

Know hazards and symptoms of exposureVerify tests, procedures, and equipmentTerminate entry
and cancel entry permit

16 Role of an ENTRY SUPERVISOR

Verify rescue services are available and means to summon them is operableRemove unauthorized
individualsDetermine that entry operations remain consistent with entry permit

17 Role of an ATTENDANTOne role that can be performed by an entry supervisor, or another

authorized person, is the role of an attendant as long as this person is trained and equipped to
perform an attendant’s duties.

18 Role of an ATTENDANT Know the hazards that may be faced

Understand behavioral effects of exposureMaintain an accurate count of entrants Monitor activities
inside and outside spaceRemain outside the space until relieved by another attendant

19 Role of an ATTENDANT Communicate with entrants as necessary

Protect the permit space during entryPerform non-entry rescuesKnow how to summon rescue
services

20 Role of an AUTHORIZED ENTRANT

Enter confined spacesKnow hazards and symptoms of exposureUnderstand the PPE and equipment
and how to use itCommunicate with attendant as necessary

21 Role of an AUTHORIZED ENTRANT

Alert attendant to dangerous situationsExit permit space when:Evacuation is ordered by
attendantDangerous situation is recognizedProhibited condition is detectedEvacuation alarm is
activated
22 Entry PermitAn entry permit is provided by the employer and authorizes entry into a permit
space.

23 Coordinating EntryWhen host and contractor employees participate in entry operations, the host
employer must have procedures to coordinate entry operations.

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