1.

𝑀𝑀∗ (𝑆𝑂4 )2 ∙ 12𝐻2 𝑂

̅ = 12𝐻2 𝑂 = 216.18 𝑔⁄
𝑀 402.302
𝑔
⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑚𝑜𝑙
̅ = 192.22 + 𝑀 + 𝑀∗
𝑀

11.123 𝑔 192.122 +𝑀+𝑀∗

20.000 𝑔
= 408.302 + 𝑀+𝑀∗

11.123 𝑔 192.122 +𝑇
20.000 𝑔
= 408.302 +𝑇

4541.54 + 11.123𝑇 = 3842.44 + 20𝑇

699.1 = 8.877 𝑇
𝑇 == 78.75
̅ = 408.302 + 78.750
𝑀

̅ = 487.053 𝑔⁄
𝑀 𝑚𝑜𝑙

𝑀𝑀∗ (𝑆𝑂4 )2 + 4𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 → 𝑀∗ (𝑂𝐻)3 + ⋯

1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑀𝑀∗ (𝑆𝑂4 )2 → 1𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑀∗ (𝑂𝐻)3
̅ = 𝑀∗ + 51.021 𝑔⁄
𝑀 𝑚𝑜𝑙
4.388 𝑔 20.000
𝑀 ∗ +51.021
= 487.052

106.859 = 𝑀∗ + 51.021
𝑀∗ = 55.838 𝑀∗ 𝑒𝑠 𝐻𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜 (𝐹𝑒)
𝑀 = 𝑇 − 55.838
𝑀 = 22.662 𝑀 𝑒𝑠 𝑆𝑜𝑑𝑖𝑜 (𝑁𝑎)

𝑁𝑎𝐹𝑒(𝑆𝑂4 )2 ∙ 12𝐻2 𝑂
2.
 1 mg cafeína

1.813 mg 0.4639 mg 0.2885 mg

CO2 H2O N2

 𝐶𝑂2
A 𝐶 = 12.0 ; 0 = 16.0
A 𝐶 → 12 44 44 𝑔 𝐶𝑂2 → 12 𝑔 𝐶
A 2𝑂 → 32 1.813 𝑔 𝐶𝑂2 → 𝑋
𝑋 = 0.494 𝑔 𝐶

 𝐻2 𝑂
A 𝐻 = 1.008 ; 𝑂 = 16.0
A 2𝐻 → 2.016 18.016 18.016 𝑔 𝐻2 𝑂 → 2 𝑔 𝐻
A𝑂 → 16.0 0.4639 𝑔 𝑑𝑒 𝐻2 𝑂 → 𝑋
𝑋 = 0.052 𝑔 𝐻

 𝑁2
𝑁2 = 0.2885 𝑔

A 𝐶 = 0.494 g

A 𝐻 = 0.052 g

A 𝑁 = 0.2885 g

A 0 = 0.494 + 0.052 + 0.2885 = 0.8345

A 1 − 0.8345 = 0.1655 𝑔 𝑂

Suponemos 100g de la sustancia

C H O N

0.494 0.052 0.1655 0.2885

49.4 5.2 16.55 28.85

49.4𝑔 5.2𝑔 16.55𝑔 28.85𝑔
𝑔 𝑔 𝑔 𝑔
14.0 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙
12.0 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙 1.008 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙 16.0 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙
4.12𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 5.16𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 1.03𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 2.06𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠
1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03

4 5 1 2

𝐶4 𝐻5 𝑂𝑁2 = 48 + 5 + 16 + 28 = 97
𝐶8 𝐻10 𝑂2 𝑁4 = 194