TABLE OF CONTENTS

11 Infinite Sequences and Series 697

11.1 Sequences 697
11.2 Infinite Series 708
11.3 The Integral Test 713
11.4 Comparison Tests 717
11.5 The Ratio and Root Tests 722
11.6 Alternating Series, Absolute and Conditional Convergence 725
11.7 Power Series 731
11.8 Taylor and Maclaurin Series 739
11.9 Convergence of Taylor Series; Error Estimates 743
11.10 Applications of Power Series 750
11.11 Fourier Series 757
Practice Exercises 761
Additional and Advanced Exercises 773

12 Vectors and Analytic Geometry in Space 779

12.1 Three-Dimensional Coordinate Systems 779
12.2 Vectors 781
12.3 The Dot Product 786
12.4 The Cross Product 792
12.5 Lines and Planes in Space 797
12.6 Cylinders and Quadric Surfaces 804
Practice Exercises 812
Additional Exercises 819

13 Vector-Valued Functions and Motion in Space 825

13.1 Vector Functions 825
13.2 Modeling Projectile Motion 833
13.3 Arc Length and the Unit Tangent Vector T 837
13.4 Curvature and the Unit Normal Vector N 840
13.5 Torsion and the Unit Binormal Vector B 845
13.6 Planetary Motion and Satellites 850
Practice Exercises 852
Additional Exercises 858

14 Partial Derivatives 863

14.1 Functions of Several Variables 863
14.2 Limits and Continuity in Higher Dimensions 870
14.3 Partial Derivatives 875
14.4 The Chain Rule 880
14.5 Directional Derivatives and Gradient Vectors 887
14.6 Tangent Planes and Differentials 891
14.7 Extreme Values and Saddle Points 897
14.8 Lagrange Multipliers 909
14.9 Partial Derivatives with Constrained Variables 917
14.10 Taylor's Formula for Two Variables 919
Practice Exercises 922
Additional Exercises 936
15 Multiple Integrals 941
15.1 Double Integrals 941
15.2 Areas, Moments, and Centers of Mass 952
15.3 Double Integrals in Polar Form 959
15.4 Triple Integrals in Rectangular Coordinates 963
15.5 Masses and Moments in Three Dimensions 968
15.6 Triple Integrals in Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinates 972
15.7 Substitutions in Multiple Integrals 980
Practice Exercises 985
Additional Exercises 991

16 Integration in Vector Fields 997

16.1 Line Integrals 997
16.2 Vector Fields, Work, Circulation, and Flux 1001
16.3 Path Independence, Potential Functions, and Conservative Fields 1008
16.4 Green's Theorem in the Plane 1012
16.5 Surface Area and Surface Integrals 1018
16.6 Parametrized Surfaces 1025
16.7 Stokes's Theorem 1035
16.8 The Divergence Theorem and a Unified Theory 1039
Practice Exercises 1044
Additional Exercises 1053
 PREFACE TO THE INSTRUCTOR
This Instructor's Solutions Manual contains the solutions to every exercise in the 11th Edition of THOMAS' CALCULUS
by Maurice Weir, Joel Hass and Frank Giordano, including the Computer Algebra System (CAS) exercises. The
corresponding Student's Solutions Manual omits the solutions to the even-numbered exercises as well as the solutions to the
CAS exercises (because the CAS command templates would give them all away).

In addition to including the solutions to all of the new exercises in this edition of Thomas, we have carefully revised or
rewritten every solution which appeared in previous solutions manuals to ensure that each solution
ì conforms exactly to the methods, procedures and steps presented in the text
ì is mathematically correct
ì includes all of the steps necessary so a typical calculus student can follow the logical argument and algebra
ì includes a graph or figure whenever called for by the exercise, or if needed to help with the explanation
ì is formatted in an appropriate style to aid in its understanding
Every CAS exercise is solved in both the MAPLE and MATHEMATICA computer algebra systems. A template showing
an example of the CAS commands needed to execute the solution is provided for each exercise type. Similar exercises within
the text grouping require a change only in the input function or other numerical input parameters associated with the problem
(such as the interval endpoints or the number of iterations).

Acknowledgments

Solutions Writers
William Ardis, Collin County Community College-Preston Ridge Campus
Joseph Borzellino, California Polytechnic State University
Linda Buchanana, Howard College
Tim Mogill
Patricia Nelson, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse

Accuracy Checkers
Karl Kattchee, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse
Marie Vanisko, California State University, Stanislaus
Tom Weigleitner, VISTA Information Technologies

Thanks to Rachel Reeve, Christine O'Brien, Sheila Spinney, Elka Block, and Joe Vetere for all their guidance and help at
every step.