Vietnam Power

Development Plan
for the period 2011 – 2020

Highlights of the PDP 7 revised

1
 Highlights of the PDP 7 revised
On 18 March and by Decision No. 428/QD-
TTg, the Prime Minister has approved the
adjustment of National Power
Development Plan VII (hereinafter referred
to as PDP 7 rev) for the period of 2016 –
2030 with the vision to 2030.

Compared to the PDP 7 of July 2011, the

most obvious changes in the PDP 7 rev is a
stronger emphasis on Renewable Energy
development and on power market
liberalization.

This short paper summarizes the highlights

of PDP 7 rev. It is not intended to be a
scientific paper, but meant for information
purposes only. It does not claim to have
covered all issues extensively, but – despite
our attempts to be as objective as possible
– has been prepared from the perspective
of our Energy Support Programme.

Contents

Specific Objectives…………………………..….……….3 Electricity Pricing…………………………………..……7

Structure of Power Sources………...............………3 Development of Power Transmission..........……7

Renewable Energy…………………………….…..……6 Development of Investments…………..……………7

Energy Efficiency.………………………………..………6 Annex………………………………………………….………8

Prepared by: GIZ Energy Support Programme in Viet Nam

2
 Specific Objectives
The specific objectives of the PDP 7 rev are described as follows (direct translation):
- Provide adequate electricity for the domestic demand, satisfy socio-economic
development objectives with average GDP growth rates of 7% during 2016-2030:
o Commercial electricity: 235 – 245 billion kWh in 2020; 352 – 379 billion
kWh in 2025; 506 – 559 billion kWh in 2030
o Electricity production and import: 265 – 278 billion kWh in 2020; 400 – 431
billion kWh in 2025; 572 – 632 billion kWh in 2030
- Prioritize the development of renewable energy sources for electricity production;
increase the proportion of electricity generated from renewable energy sources
(excluding large-scale, medium-scale and pumped storage hydro power) up to
around 7% in 2020 and above 10% in 2030.
- Construct the power transmission grid with flexible operation and high automation
capabilities from electricity transmission to distribution; develop unmanned
substations and substations with 50% of human participation to increase the
capacity of the electricity industry.
- Accelerate the program of electrification in rural and mountainous areas to ensure
that in 2020 most of the rural households have access to electricity.

Structure of power sources

To specify, PDP 7 rev distinguishes between electricity production & import on the
one hand, and commercial electricity on the other hand; PDP 7 as of July 2011 by
contrast only mentioned the former.
The following tables and graphs below compare the proportion of power sources as
outlined in both PDP 7 as of July 2011 and the PDP 7 rev as of March 2016 over the
period of 10 years from 2020 to 2030. As per the PDP 7 rev structure, the data is
presented on the basis of (1) percentage share of total electricity production; and (2)
percentage share of total installed generation capacity.

3
 Table 1: Structure of power sources in percent of total electricity production*

Power Sources 20151 2020 2025 2030

IE PDP 7 PDP 7 rev PDP 7 PDP 7 rev PDP 7 PDP 7 rev
Renewable Energy 3.7% 4.5% 6.5% --- 6.9% 6% 10.7%
Coal 34.4% 46.8% 49.3% --- 55% 56.4% 53.2%
Gas Turbine 30% 24% 16.6% --- 19.1% 14.4% 16.8%
Hydro 30.4% 19.6% 25.2% --- 17.4% 9.3% 12.4%
Import 1.5% 3.0% 2.4% --- 1.6% 3.8% 1.2%
Nuclear --- 2.1% --- --- --- 10.1% 5.7%
* Note: These numbers have been taken from the Decision No. 1028/QĐ-TTG and 428/QĐ-TTG respectively.

Figure 1: the structure of power sources of total electricity production (PDP 7 rev)

1This column on 2015 figures has been added for illustration purposes only; they do not form part of any
of the PDP 7 versions. Source: IE, 2015

4
 Table 2: Structure of power sources in percent of total installed capacity*

Power Sources 20152 2020 2025 2030

IE PDP 7 PDP 7 rev PDP 7 PDP 7 rev PDP 7 PDP 7 rev
Renewable Energy 5.37% 5.6% 9.9% --- 12.5% 9.4% 21%
Coal 33.45% 48% 42.7% --- 49.3% 51.6% 42.6%
Gas Turbine 22.45% 16.5% 14.9% --- 15.6% 11.8% 14.7%
Hydro 37.31% 25.5% 30.1% --- 21.1% 15.7% 16.9%
Import 1.42%3 3.1% 2.4% --- 1.5% 4.9% 1.2%
Nuclear --- 1.3% --- --- --- 6.6% 3.6%
* Note: These numbers have been taken from the Decision No. 1028/QĐ-TTG and 428/QĐ-TTG respectively.

Figure 2: the structure of power sources of total installed capacity (PDP 7 rev)

As indicated in aforementioned Table 1, Coal is projected to be the main source for

electricity production while Renewable Energy is showing an upward trend.
The proportion of coal only changes slightly between 2020 and 2030, and is
projected to provide ca. half of total electricity production. Besides, the projections for
the share of electricity produced from gas have undergone a significant change for 2020.
Similarly, and somewhat surprisingly, the figures for large-scale hydro power have
seen a significant upward adjustment.

2 This column on 2015 figures has been added for illustration purposes only; they do not form part of any
of the PDP 7 versions. Source: IE, 2015
3 The proportion of import is calculated based on the capacity factor for coal of 0.49 (Author)

5
 Renewable Energy
PDP 7 rev outlines a master plan for power source development, in which renewable
energy (wind energy, solar energy, bio energy) will be prioritized, so as to gradually
increase the proportion of electricity generated from RE sources. As shown in Table 3
below, PDP 7 rev sets out new targets on Biomass and Solar Power, the latter of which
was not specifically mentioned in the PDP 7 of 2011.
Moreover, and again in contrast to PDP 7, the Annex to the PDP 7 rev first the first
time specifically mentions RE generation facilities (please see Annex 1 of this document
for a respective extract from the PDP 7 rev). The sub-targets for RE are described in the
below table.

Table 3: Sub-targets for Renewable Energy (share of elec. prod. and inst. capacity)

2020 2025 2030

Old New Old New Old New
Wind Total Capacity (MW) 1,000 800 --- 2,000 6,200 6,000
Electricity prod. (%) 0.7% 0.8% --- 1% 2.4% 2.1%
Hydro Total Capacity (MW) 17,400 21,600 --- 24,600 --- 27,800
power Electricity prod. (%) --- 29.5% --- 20.5% --- 15.5%
Biomass Electricity prod. (%) 0.6% 1% --- 1.2% 1.1% 2.1%
Solar Total Capacity (MW) --- 850 --- 4,000 --- 12,000
Electricity prod. (%) --- 0.5% --- 1.6% --- 3.3%

Energy Efficiency
PDP 7 rev slightly redefines the target for electricity savings from the previous range
of savings (“…to save 8% to 10% [total electricity consumption] in 2020”) to an “above
10%” by 2020 goal. However, there is no target for 2030. The following provisions on
Energy Efficiency are taken from PDP 7 rev:

- Enhance communication, dissemination and implementation of the Law on energy

saving and efficiency to improve energy use efficiency in general and electricity
consumption in production, business and households in particular.

- Widely deploy and enhance the efficiency of the National Target Program on
electricity savings and efficiency with the target to save above 10% total electricity
consumption during the period from 2016 to 2020. (Article 1, 4.i).

6
 Electricity Pricing
There are almost no changes in this section except that the provision on “…long-
term marginal cost of electricity system in 2020 equivalent to 8 – 9 US cents / kWh…”
has been taken out of PDP 7 rev. Since the section of electricity pricing is quite similar to
the 2011 version, there is no mentioning of specific feed-in or avoided cost tariffs.

Development of Power Transmission Grid

The Government will make further investments in the national Power Transmission
grids to bring the development in line with the national and local power development
plans, increase the reliability of power supply, reduce power losses during transmission
and ensure favorable mobilization of power sources in the rainy season and dry season.
The following provisions on Energy Efficiency are taken from PDP 7 rev:
- Gradually develop and upgrade power grids to meet the technical standards of the
transmission network; by 2020, transmission grid meets reliability standard of N-1
for main equipment.
- Develop 500 kV transmission network to transmit power from the higher voltages
stations to substations, connecting power systems among regions and neighboring
countries.
- Develop 220 kV transmission grids with ring typology.
- Research and build GIS substation, 220/22 kV substations, underground
substations, unmanned substations. Apply smart grid technologies in transmission
network.

Development of Investments
To implement the PDP 7 rev, the Government estimates that total investment
(without BOT projects) for the period from 2016 to 2030 shall be approximately
3,206,652 billion VND (equivalent to ~148 billion US dollars). This number is much
higher than the number of 75 billion USD mentioned in the 2011 version.
For the period from 2016 to 2020, around USD 40 billion are required, of which 75%
will be used for power generation development and 25% for power network
development. The amount of USD 108 billion is required for period from 2021 to 2030
with a similar distribution for power generation and network development respectively.
Regarding solutions to mobilize investment capital for the development of the
electricity sector, PDP 7 rev intends to “…equitize the corporation and power generation
companies of EVN, PVN and Vinacomin…”.

7
 Annex 1: List and schedule of the projects on power
generation investment
The Annex of PDP 7 of 2011 only mentioned renewable energy sources in a very
general manner, neither making provisions for specific MW targets, nor mentioning
concrete operators or locations.
In contrast to this previous practice, PDP 7 rev mentions quite a few specific projects
of CHP and Wind power – at least for the period up to 2021. Thereafter, the Plan only
foresees aggregated estimates.
The following RE projects have been extracted from the Annex of PDP 7 rev:
Installed
Project
No. Project Title Capacity
Owner
(in MW)
Starting from 2016
(CH(CHP
1 Sugar) KCP Biomass Power #1 30 IPP (Phu Yen)
2 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
260
Biomass energy)
Starting from 2017
1 An Khe Biomass Power #1 55 Quang Ngai Sugar Co.
2 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
360
Biomass energy)
Starting from 2018
1 (CHP Sugar) KCP Biomass Power #2 30 IPP (Phu Yen)
2 An Khe Biomass Power #2 55 Quang Ngai Sugar Co.
3 Lee&Man Biomass Power Lee&Man Paper Co.
125
(CHP)
4 Khai Long Wind Power (Ca Mau) 100 Cong Ly Limited Co.
5 Bac Lieu Wind Power phrase III 142 Cong Ly Limited Co.
6 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
520
Biomass energy)
Starting from 2019
1 Nam Cum SHP 1, 4 ,5 65 IPP
2 Trung – Nam Wind Power 90 IPP (Ninh Thuan)
3 Soc Trang Wind Power 99 Cong Ly Limited Co.
4 Thien Tan Solar Power #1 300 IPP (Ninh Thuan)
5 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
450
Biomass energy)
Starting from 2020
1 Nam Cum SHP 2,3,6 54 IPP
2 Hanbaram Wind Power 117 IPP
3 Thien Tan Solar Power #2 300 IPP (Ninh Thuan)
4 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
260
Biomass energy)
Starting from 2021
1 Thien Tan Solar Power #3 300 IPP (Ninh Thuan)

8
2 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
790
Biomass energy)
Starting from 2022
1 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
1,200
Biomass energy)
Starting from 2023
1 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
1,000
Biomass energy)
Starting from 2024
1 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
1,200
Biomass energy)
Starting from 2025
1 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
1,800
Biomass energy)
Starting from 2026
1 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
2,160
Biomass energy)
Starting from 2027
1 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
2,910
Biomass energy)
Starting from 2028
1 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
3,240
Biomass energy)
Starting from 2029
1 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
3,350
Biomass energy)
Starting from 2030
1 Renewable Energy (SHP, Wind, Solar,
3,530
Biomass energy)