Documenti di Didattica
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The work is original and has not been submitted in parts or full to any
other university for any other award of degree/diploma/fellowship.
Date:
Secondly, I would also like to thanks my parents and friends who helped
me a lot in finalizing this title within the limited time frame.
Last but not least i would like to thank to all the schools their
administration the teachers, and students. I visited and attracted for
their valuable support without this dissertation would not have been
success.
Date:
This dissertation is the result of her own work and I’m certifying that this
dissertation is worthy for the master’s degree award in library and
Information Science.
It is also certified that the facts and the figures presented in this study
are very true and her own work is being recorded in it.
Kumaun university
CONTENT
.
CERTIFICATE
DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Chapter 1 : Introduction.
Chapter 2 : School library in Rudrapur : An overview
Chapter 3 : Review of literature
Chapter 4 : Analysis of data
Reference:
25
20
Daily
15 once a week
twice a week
once a month
10
0
1.Frequency of visit to Library
30
25
20
Teacher
15 Friend
Mother , Father
Other
10
0
2. Who encourage you to use the Library
.
45
40
35
30
news
25 education
entertainment
20
sports
15 if any otherr
10
0
3. The purpose of using internet is …
35
30
25
20 very good
good
15 satisfactory
poor
10
0
4.Opinion about the services of the library
45
40
35
30
25 text book
story books
20 reference book
if any other please mention
15
10
0
5. What types of reading material you usuallly consult ?
45
40
35
30
25 30 min -1 hour
1 hour-2 hour
20
more than 2 hours
15
10
0
6. Time spent in library
50
45
40
35
30
hindi
25
English
20 another please mention
15
10
0
7. Which language of reading material you prefer
35
30
25
20
always ready to help
sometime helpful
15 not helpful
10
0
8. Help provided by library staf
30
25
20
0
Do you take help of library staf
60
50
40
DDC
30
UDC
Special
20
10
0
10. which type of classification scheme system using in your library ?
What is the Importance of School Library to
Students?
n fact even in case of science and technical subjects it will have a very
important role. A library provides stimulation and inspiration to both
students and teachers, develops interest in subjects and widens the
horizon of students.
It is not only the nerve centre of academic learning but also a good place
to spend one’s leisure-time. Books provide us with the best company
when we are idle, lonely, free or bored.
A library exposes a student to one’s culture as well as makes him aware
of other cultures, provides him/her with latest knowledge, introduces a
students to new literature, thoughts and ideas, intakes him aware of the
history and geography of the near and far areas.
Today, when there is a tremendous explosion in knowledge at a very fast
pace, textbooks no longer provide students with required information. In
such a situation, library provides a student with requisite supplementary
material and extra reading.
A library is an essential instrument of developing desirable study habits
in students. A library also plays an important role in enhancing a
teacher’s effectiveness and classroom performance.
It promotes individual and group learning, helps in developing students’
vocabulary, enhancing comprehension, developing the habit of silent
reading and developing problem-solving attitude among students.
School libraries help to:
II. Facilitate the work of the classroom teacher and ensures each
student has equitable access to resources, irrespective of home
opportunities or constraints.
VII. Cater for differences in learning and teaching styles through the
provision of, and equality of access to, a wide range of curriculum
resources – fiction and non-fiction, digital, print, audio and video.
latin word.
Liber means a Book.
Franch word.
Librarie Means collection of books.
Anglo-franch word.
Librarie. Means book collection.
Present name.
Library
Definition of Library:
A Library is defined as a place in which books, manuscripts, musical scores, or
other literary and artistic material are kept, for use but not for sale” and as an
institution for the custody or administration of such a collection.
ALA (American Library Association) glossary of library and information science
“Library as a collection of materials organized to provide physical bibliographical
and intellectual access to group with a staff that is trained to provide services and
program related to information needs of the target group.”
UNESCO define Library as, “any organized collection of printed books and periodical
or any other graphic or audio-visual materials with a staff to provide and facilitate
the use of such materials as are required to meet the informational research,
educational and recreational needs of users.”
“1) A collection of books and other literary material kept for reading, study and
consultation.
2) A place, building, rooms, set apart for the keeping and use of a collection of books
etc.”
Types of library.
Libraries can thus be grouped under following four broad categories.
1. Academic library
2. Public library
3. Special library
4. National library
Academic library:
These cover the spectrum from libraries in schools of all sizes, through to
those of major universities and research institutions. They have
something of a captive audience, in that the institutions they serve are
dedicated to teaching and learning, and the libraries' role is to provide
access to the sources of information from which that teaching and
learning can develop. However, they are still under threat, because they cost
money to stock and to run, and a school or university has to make a decision
as to the proportion of its funds to devote to its library. Academic libraries are
therefore bending over backwards to add increasingly more value to the
services they provide. For example, the university library in which I work part-
time is now open 24 hours d a y, d u r i n g t e r m t i m e , s o t h a t
s t u d e n t s c a n a l w a y s g e t a c c e s s t o l e a r n i n g materials. We also
offer a wide range of courses in study skills, and 1-on-1 sessions so that
students are helped in all sorts of ways.Just as with the public library sector, it
is the people who run and staff academic libraries who make them what they
are. It has been known for institutions to try torun their libraries without
professional librarians, but these is a highly misguided a t t i t u d e , b e c a u s e
t h e ex p e r t i s e o f a p ro fe s s i o n a l l i b ra r i a n i s e s s e n t i a l i n t h e
process of translating a vaguely worded enquiry into the true needs of the
enquirer and then into the solution that will best satisfy those needs.
2. Public library:
The public library, the local gateway of knowledge, provides a basic condition
for lifelong learning independent decision –making and cultural development
of the individual and social groups . The services of the public library are
provided on the basic of equality of access for all regardless of age , race , sex ,
religion and nationality , language or social status . All age groups must be find
material relevant to their needs.
Public libraries serve communities of all sizes and types. Wherever you live,
there's bound to be a local public library nearby! As the name implies, public
libraries serve the general public, "from cradle to grave" as more than one
public librarian has been heard to say. Public libraries often have departments
that focus on areas of service, such as youth, teens and adults.
3. Special library:
4. National library:
History of Library:
The earliest records of a library institution as it is presently understood can be
dated back to around 5,000 years ago in the Southwest Asian regions of the
world. One of the oldest libraries found is that of the ancient library at Ebla
(circa 2500 BCE) in present-day Syria. In the 1970s, the excavation at Ebla's
library unearthed over 20,000 clay tablets written in cuneiform script. The Al
Qarawiyyin Library was founded in 859 by Fatima al-Fihri and is the oldest
working library in the world. It is in Fez, Morocco and is part of the oldest
continually operating university in the world, the University of al-Qarawiyyin.
The library houses approximately 4,000 ancient Islamic manuscripts. These
manuscripts include 9th century Qurans and the oldest known accounts of the
Islamic prophet Mohammed.
The Assyrian King Assurbanipal created one of the greatest libraries in
Nineveh in the seventh century BCE. The collection consisted of over 30,000
tablets written in a variety of languages. The collection was cataloged both by
the shape of the tablet and by the subject of the content (Murray, 2009, p. 8-9).
The Greek government was the first to sponsor public libraries. By 500 BCE
both Athens and Samos had begun creating libraries for the public, though as
most of the population was illiterate these spaces were serving a small,
educated portion of the community (Murray, 2009, p. 14).
The library at Alexandria, Egypt, was renowned in the third century BCE while
kings Ptolemy I Soter and Ptolemy II Philadelphus reigned. The library
included a museum, garden, meeting areas and of course reading rooms
(Lyons, 2011, p. 26-27).[7] The Great Library, as it is known, was one of many in
Alexandria. Beginning at its inception through the first century BCE
Alexandria was a well-known center for learning; the quantity and quality of
the libraries speak to this renown (Murray, 2009, p. 17).
It wasn't until the middle Ages that libraries became a part of culture. During
the Renaissance era, more people became educated and relied on libraries as a
place to study and gain knowledge. During the Renaissance most of the texts
held in libraries were religious text. Libraries helped enrich the culture of
those who were educated by providing this valuable resource otherwise
unavailable.[8]
By some historians, the creation of the first libraries marks the end of pre-
history and the start of recorded human history. As ancient civilizations such
as the Mesopotamians and Egyptians began to develop the earliest forms of
writing—Mesopotamian Cuneiform and later the Egyptian hieroglyphs—
scribes began to create archives of clay tablets that listed inventories and
records of commercial transactions.
While these early documents might not sound exciting or philosophical, they
were instrumental in growing knowledge and early human civilization. They
often shared key pieces of information needed to build societies. From early
medical diagnoses, to inventories of the yearly harvest surpluses, to the laws
that governed city-states—such as the Code of Hummurabi—these ancient
scribes accumulated documents so they could draw upon information as
needed. For example, if the ancient Mesopotamian government needed to
predict whether their harvest would be good or bad after a large flood, scribes
could point officials towards records of earlier harvests to help them with
planning.
These great ancient libraries included the Library of Alexandria and the
Chinese Imperial Libraries created during the Han Dynasty. While these
libraries were open to the public, they were not easy to browse. Scholars who
intended to read specific texts or authors had to ask librarians to fetch specific
scrolls for them (Krasner-Khait). Thus, librarians continued to be the players
who connected scholars with critical recorded information.
The libraries established by the Han Dynasty were particularly exciting in the
history of libraries, as Chinese librarian Liu Xin created the first library
classification/formal catalog system (Frank). Moreover, ancient Chinese
scribes invented important book printing technologies such as wood-block
printing that enabled the first large-scale printing and mass dispersing of
texts.
As antiquity ended with the fall of the Roman Empire, religious institutions
began to take over the functions of ancient government and private libraries.
In Western Europe, Catholic monks took an active role in collecting and
creating written texts, and monasteries made up the main libraries.
Although these libraries were independent, they were open only to card-
holders usually from grand academic instructions or the aristocracy.
The Development of Public Libraries
By the 1800s there were libraries across the United States and Europe that
were open to the public, but were not public libraries in the same sense that
they are today.
While large university libraries and privately-owned libraries allowed
individuals from outside of the institution to visit, these people had to pay for
their entry. In the late 1800s and early 1900s the first true public libraries—in
that they are funded by public taxes and therefore open to everyone—began to
open.
This system is still in place today. Most universities, including private ones
who receive federal funding, and municipal libraries are free and open to the
public. The fact that libraries are open is of huge importance to the history of
libraries, as it has forged a great role for libraries to help the general public
access vital information—from medicine and science to public affairs and
literary arts. Moreover, these libraries serve a critical function of connecting to
other libraries. Most universities and municipal library systems have a
mechanism for sharing materials and information.
In this sense, librarians in public libraries serve a critical function in helping
the general public access a vast collection of information. Whether it is an
archive of news stories around a particular historical event, a rare unedited
edition of a book, or a digitally published paper, libraries have a system for
helping individuals find the materials they are looking for. For example, a
librarian might not be a doctor, but they can help a young medical student
track down a specific research study pertinent to their term paper research.
This is also why knowing how to cite, where to look for information, how to do
an in text citation, and other skills comes in handy. If you ever need additional
information on a topic, you can read the bibliography, from either your own
paper or someone else’s, and use it to discover additional resources at your
library.
Libraries and the role of librarians will survive as digital tools take over
printed material, the same way they have survived across millennia—by
adapting to the modes of documentation and the needs of information seekers
at the time.
As online databases continue to develop, librarians will still serve an active
role in connecting people with the information they need. While a library
might not need to house as many books and print archives for scholars and
readers to sift through, it will still serve as a space for people to come to seek
out knowledge.
People will still turn to libraries and librarians to connect them to the correct
online tools they need to conduct their research.
2. Encourages a love of
reading just by being there gives children access to books. Many
school libraries also have reading groups and reading schemes for the
children.
4. Teaches responsibility:
you always have library helpers or prefects that help look after the
library.
Research methodology
This chapter deals with the methodology adopted in the study and has been
discussed under the following heading .
.Questionnaire method
Questions were asked thought questionnaire about different
services provided by library . i.e circulation , reference inter-
library loan , photocopying etc . two questionnair were
framed one for the librarian to collect the information about
the various aspect like collection , facility information
seeking behavior of students of library and budget etc and
another for students to obtain their opinion purpose for
information seeking collection of library , overall
effectiveness of the library or organization materials
, services , use of internet , search engine , internet browser
etc .
CONSTRUCTION OF QUESTIONNAIRE :
Questionnaire was so designed which enables to collect
relevant details for the purpose of the study . while designing
the questionnaire the care was taken to keep in short and
also respondent where given choice so that they could tick
which ever is relevant .
OBSERVATION METHOD :
Direct observation method has been used for collecting
information and forming idea for the purpose of study .
Reading environment of the library .
Working condition of the library .
Facilities available in the library .
Library services provided to the readers .
Status of student .
Staff behavior and working style .
To know the available current awareness sources of
information .
UTTRAKHAND
The first visual that pops into our heads when we think of Uttarakhand is that
of the beautiful and majestic Himalayas. Uttarakhand came into existence on
9th November 2000, when it was carved out of Uttar Pradesh and declared the
27th state of the Republic of India. Not many people know this, but
Uttarakhand is also a leading centre for education and learning in India. In
fact, it was a centre of education from the ancient times. Legend has it that the
mythological figures of Kauravas and Pandavas were trained by their Guru
Dronacharya in the foot hills of Himalayas, the very reason why Dehradun is
also known as ‘Drona Nagari’. Uttarakhand is home to some of India’s best
schools and training institutes. Education has a solid foundation in the state
right from the time of its inception. In this article, we bring you all that you
need to know about the Uttarakhand school education.
RUDRAPUR.