IPS College of Technology & Management

An Institute of IPS Group of Colleges

PO: IPS College, Shivpuri Link Road, Gwalior. Ph-0751 3052400, Fax-3052447

ASSIGNMENT-II
HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER (ME-6003)
EXTENDED SURFACES (FINS) AND UNSTEADY HEAT CONDUCTION (UNIT-II)

Q.1 Drive the governing differential equation for temperature distribution of constant area extended surface.
Q.2 Define fin efficiency and fin effectiveness.
Q.3 What is lumped capacity analysis? What are assumptions for lumped capacity analysis?
Q.4 What do you understand by response of thermocouple? Also define time constant.
Q.5 In an indirect method of determining thermal conductivity of a material, a rod of 20mm diameter of this
material is kept with its one end inserted into a furnace, while the other end is kept projecting in air at 30 0C.
After steady state the temperature at two points 120mm apart are measured as 130 0C and 90 0C
respectively. Determine the thermal conductivity of the rod material, assuming heat transfer coefficient at
the rod surface as 20W/m2 k.
Q.6 An electronic semiconductor device generates heat equal to 480*10-3 W. In order to keep the surface
temperature at upper safe limit of 70 0C, the generated heat has to be dissipated to the surroundings which is
at 30 0C. To accomplish this task, aluminium fins of 0.7mm square size and 12mm long are attached to the
surface. The thermal conductivity of aluminium fins is 170 W/m K. If the heat transfer coefficient is 12W/m 2
k. Calculate the number of fins required. Assume no heat loss from the tip of the fins.
Q.7 A rod of 10mm square section and 160mm length with thermal conductivity of 50 W/m 0C protrudes
from a furnace wall at 200 0C and is exposed to air at 30 0C with convection coefficient 20 W/m2 0C.Make
calculations for the heat convected up to 80mm and 158mm lengths and comment on result. Adopt a long fin
model for the arrangement.
Q.8 Two long rods of the same diameter, one made of brass (K=85 W/m K) and the other made of copper
(K=375 W/m K) have one of their ends inserted into the furnace. Both of the rods are exposed to the same
environment. At a distance 10.5 cm away from the furnace end, the temperature of the brass rod is 120 0C.
At what distance from the furnace end the temperature would be reached in the copper rod?
Q.9 A turbine blade 6cm long and having a cross-sectional area 4.65cm2 and perimeter 12cm is made of
stainless steel (K=23.3 W/m K). The temperature at the root is 500 0C. The blade is exposed to a hot gas at
870 0C. The heat transfer coefficient between the blade surface and gas is 442 W/m 2 k. Determine the
temperature distribution and rate of heat flow at the root of the blade assuming the tip of the blade to be
insulated.
Q.10 The handle of a ladle used for pouring molten lead at 327 0C is 30cm long and is made of 2.5x1.5cm mild
steel bar stock(K=43 W/m K). In order to reduce the grip temperature, it is proposed to make hollow handle
of mild steel plate 1.5mm thick to the same rectangular shape. If the surface heat transfer coefficient is 14.5
W/m2 k and the ambient air is at 27 0C, estimate the inner surface of the hollow shape.
Q.11 A fin 5mm thick and 40mm long has its base on a plane plate which maintained at 130 0C. The ambient
temperature is 25 0C. The conductivity of fin material is 55 W/m 0C and the heat transfer coefficient is 145
W/m2 0C. Determine- (i) Temperature at the middle and at the end of the fin (ii) Heat dissipated by the fin
per meter width.

Q.12 The temperature distribution across a large concrete slab 500 mm thick heated from one side as
measured by thermocouples approximates to the following relation t=120-100x+24x2+40x3-30x4, where t is in
0C and x is in meters. Consider an area of 4m 2. Calculate- (i) The heat enters and leaves the slab in unit
time. (ii) The heat energy stored in unit time. (iii) The rate of temperature change at both sides of the slab.
(iv) The point where the rate of heating and cooling is maximum.
The properties for concrete are- K=1.2 W/m 0C, α=1.77x10-3 m2/hr.
Q.13 Discuss the criterion for lumped heat capacity analysis. A stainless steel rod of outer diameter 1.2cm
originally at a temperature of 350 0C is suddenly immersed in a liquid at 130 C for which the convective heat
transfer coefficient is 120 W/m2 k. Determine the time required for the rod to reach a temperature of 200 0C.

E-Mail ID: deanaa.ips@gmail.com, Website: http://www.ipsgwalior.org/

 IPS College of Technology & Management
An Institute of IPS Group of Colleges
PO: IPS College, Shivpuri Link Road, Gwalior. Ph-0751 3052400, Fax-3052447

Q.14 A 50cm x 50cm brass slab 10 mm thick has a uniform temperature of 300 C. Its temperature is suddenly
lowered to 30 C. Calculate the time required for the plate to reach the temperature of 100 C. Take ρ =9000
kg/m3, CP=0.38 KJ/kg 0C ,K= 370 W/m 0C and h= 90 W/m2 0C.
Q.15 A steel ball of 5cm diameter, initially at 800 C exposed to still air at 30 C. Calculate- (i)
0
Temperature of ball after 30 seconds and (ii) Rate of cooling after 30 seconds( C/min). Take for steel– k= 40
W/m 0C, c=4200 J/kg K, ρ =7800 kg/m3 and for the surface of ball h= 20 W/m2 0C.
Q.16 One thousand spheres made of copper of diameter 10mm are annealed in the annealing furnace. Initial
temperature of the sphere=30 0C. Temperature of the annealing furnace=500 C. The properties of copper are
given as h= 30 W/m2 0C, CP=0.4 KJ/kg 0C, ρ =8200 kg/m3. Find the time required for the spheres to reach the
temperature of 300 0C.
Q.17 In heat treatment process, alloy steel balls of 12mm diameter are initially heated to 800 0C in a furnace.
Subsequently these are cooled to 100 0C by keeping them immersed in an oil bath at 35 0C with convection
coefficient 20 W/m2 0C. Find the time required for cooling process. Also calculate the value of convection
coefficient if it is desired to complete the cooling process in a period of 10 min. The thermo property of steel
balls are- ρ =7750 kg/m3 CP=520 J/kg 0C, k= 50 W/m 0C.
Q.18 A thermocouple junction of spherical form is to be used to measure the temperature of a gas stream.
The junction is initially at 20 0C and placed in gas stream which is at 200 0C. Make calculation for-(i) Junction
diameter needed for the thermocouple to have thermal time constant of one second (ii) Time required to
reach 197 0C for thermocouple assume the thermo physical properties as given below- ρ =8000 kg/m3, CP=0.4
kJ/kg 0C, k= 20 W/m 0C, h= 350 W/m2 0C.
Q.19 Calculate the junction diameter of a copper thermocouple, initially at 25 C, which when placed in a gas
stream at 200 C measures a temperature of 198 C in 5 seconds. For copper, ρ =8940 kg/m 3, CP=384 J/kg 0C, k=
390 W/m K and h= 350 W/m2 k.

E-Mail ID: deanaa.ips@gmail.com, Website: http://www.ipsgwalior.org/