Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
LISTAS IE
Sistema IE
Books for students
ISBN 9978-43-791-6
Derecho autoral 020193
Diagramación y diseño IE Internacional del Español
Derechos reservados IE Internacional del Español
INDICE GENERAL
Pág.
Modo Indicativo
Modo Subjuntivo
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LOS ADJETIVOS
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LA CASA
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LA FAMILIA
• el abuelo grandfather
• la abuela grandmother
• el amigo friend
• la amiga friend
• el bisabuelo great grandfather
• la bisabuela great grandmother
• el bisnieto great grandson
• la bisnieta great granddaughter
• el cuñado brother-in-law
• la cuñada sister-in-law
• el hermano brother
• la hermana sister
• el hijo son
• la hija daughter
• el nieto grandson
• la nieta granddaughter
• el novio boyfriend / groom
• la novia girlfriend / bride
• el padre father
• la madre mother
• el primo cousin
• la prima cousin
• el sobrino nephew
• la sobrina niece
• el suegro father-in-law
• la suegra mother-in-law
• el tío uncle
• la tía aunt
• el yerno son-in-law
• la nuera daughter-in-law
• el padrastro stepfather
• la madrastra stepmother
• el hermanastro stepbrother
• la hermanastra stepsister
• los abuelos grandparents
• los gemelos twins
• los hermanos siblings
• los padres parents
• los parientes relatives
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EL CUERPO HUMANO
• el brazo arm
• el cerebro brain
• el codo elbow
• el corazón heart
• el cuello neck
• el dedo finger / toe
• el diente tooth
• el estómago stomach
• el hueso bone
• el labio lip
• el músculo muscle
• el muslo thigh
• el ojo eye
• el ombligo navel / belly button
• el pecho chest
• el pelo / el cabello hair / head
• el pene penis
• el pie foot
• el talón heel
• el tobillo ankle
• la boca mouth
• la cabeza head
• la cadera hip
• la canilla shin
• la cara / el rostro face
• la cintura waist
• la columna spine
• la espalda back
• la frente forehead
• la garganta throat
• la lengua tongue
• la mano hand
• la mejilla cheek
• la muñeca wrist
• la nalga / el trasero behind / bottom
• la naríz nose
• la oreja ear
• la pantorrilla calf
• la piel skin
• la pierna leg
• la quijada / el mentón jaw / chin
• la rodilla knee
• la sangre blood
• la uña fingernail / toenail
• la vagina vagina
• la vena vein
• las cejas eyebrows
• las pestañas eyelashes
• los senos / el busto breasts / bust
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•1 uno one
•2 dos two
•3 tres three
•4 cuatro four
•5 cinco five
•6 seis six
•7 siete seven
•8 ocho eight
•9 nueve nine
• 10 diez ten
• 11 once eleven
• 12 doce twelve
• 13 trece thirteen
• 14 catorce fourteen
• 15 quince fifteen
• 16 dieciséis sixteen
• 17 diecisiete seventeen
• 18 dieciocho eighteen
• 19 diecinueve nineteen
• 20 veinte twenty
• 21 veintiuno twentyone
• 22 veintidos twenty-two
• 23 veintitres twenty-three
• 24 veinticuatro twenty-four
• 25 veinticinco twenty-five
• 30 treinta thirty
• 31 treinta y uno thirty-one
• 40 cuarenta forty
• 40 cuarenta forty
• 41 cuarenta y uno forty-one
• 50 cincuenta fifty
• 52 cincuenta y dos fifty-two
• 60 sesenta sixty
• 64 sesenta y cuatro sixty-four
• 70 setenta seventy
• 76 setenta y seis seventy-six
• 80 ochenta eighty
• 87 ochenta y siete eighty-seven
• 90 noventa ninety
• 99 noventa y nueve ninety-nine
• 100 cien hundred
• 101 ciento uno one hundred
• 200 doscientos two hundred
• 300 trescientos three hundred
• 400 cuatrocientos four hundred
• 500 quinientos five hundred
• 600 seiscientos six hundred
• 700 setecientos seven hundred
• 800 ochocientos eight hundred
• 900 novecientos nine hundred
• 1000 mil thousand
• 2000 dos mil two thousand
• 1000000 un millón million
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1. a veces sometimes
2. abajo below
3. además furthermore
4. adentro inside
5. afuera outside
6. ahora now
7. algo some / something
8. alguien someone / somebody
9. allá there
10. ambos both
11. anoche last night
12. anteanoche the night before last
13. antes before
14. aquí here
15. arriba up
16. así as such
17. aunque although
18. ayer yesterday
19. bien well
20. cada each
21. cada uno each one
22. cada vez each time
23. casi nearly / almost
24. cerca near / close
25. cierto right
26. claro of course
27. como how
28. conmigo with me
29. contigo with you
30. contra against
31. cualquiera whichever
32. demasiado too (much)
33. despacio slow
34. después after
35. día day
36. dos veces twice
37. en vez de instead of
38. entre between
39. es por eso it's because of that
40. esta vez this time
41. grande big
42. gratis free
43. hacia towards
44. hasta until
45. hoy today
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LOS ADVERBIOS
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LISTAS IE
Adverbios de Cantidad
Adverbios de Manera
• además also / furthermore • apenas scarcely
• algo some / something • aprisa in a hurry
• ambos both • así such / like that
• apenas scarcely • a través de through / by
• bastante quite / enough • bien well
• casi almost / nearly • mal badly
• cuan how (e.g. large) • como like
• demasiado too (much) • conmigo with me
• excepto except • contigo with you
• contra against
• suficiente enough • despacio slowly
• más more • listo ready
• mayor greater
• medio half
• menor lesser
• menos less
• mitad half
• mucho much / a lot
• muy very
• nada nothing/(not) anything
• poco liitle
• salvo save for
• sólo only
• tan so / as
• tanto so much / as much
• todo all / every(thing)
• varios several
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Diagrama
Diagrama
yo repit -o pid -o
tú repit -es pid -es
él / ella / usted repit -e pid -e
nosotros (as repet -imos ped -imos
vosotros (as) repet -ís ped -ís
ellos / ellas / ustedes repit -en pid -en
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Diagrama
venir yo vengo
tener yo tengo
decir yo digo
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Diagrama
Diagrama
yo sé hago doy
tú sab -es hac -es d -as
él / ella / usted sab -e hac -e d -a
nosotros (as) sab -emos hac -emos d -amos
vosotros (as) sab -éis hac -éis d -ais
ellos / ellas / ustedes sab -en hac -en d -an
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a) -cer / -cir = zc
b) -ger / -gir = g x j
c) Otros
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Diagrama
Diagrama
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Cambio de o x u Cambio e x i
• conseguir consiguiendo
• dormir durmiendo • convenir conviniendo
• morir muriendo • corregir corrigiendo
• poder pudiendo • despedir despidiendo
• desvestir desvistiendo
Cambio i x y • divertir divirtiendo
• elegir eligiendo
• caer cayendo • freír friendo
• construir construyendo • herir hiriendo
• creer creyendo • hervir hirviendo
• destruir destruyendo • medir midiendo
• distribuir distribuyendo • mentir mintiendo
• huir huyendo • pedir pidiendo
• incluir incluyendo • persegir persigiendo
• ir yendo • preferir prefiriendo
• influir influyendo • prevenir previniendo
• leer leyendo • reelegir reeligiendo
• oír oyendo • reír riendo
• traer trayendo • repetir repitiendo
• seguir siguiendo
• sentir sintiendo
• sonreír sonriendo
• venir viniendo
• vestir vistiendo
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Verbos de duda
• dudar • no parecer ¿?
• no estar seguro de • no creer ¿?
• tener duda de • no pensar ¿?
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VERBOS DE EMOCIÓN
VERBOS DE PERCEPCIÓN
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ordenar (Subjuntivo)
percibir (Subjuntivo)
obligar a (Subjuntivo)
opinión (Subjuntivo)
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aclarar (Subjuntivo)
repetir (Indicativo)
INSISTIR
exigir (Subjuntivo)
opinar (Subjuntivo)
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para que
a fin de que
CONJUNCIONES con la finalidad de que
FINALES con la intención de que
con el propósito de que
con el objeto de que
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TIPOS DE CONDICIÓN
1. CONDICIÓN REALIZABLE
a. Con Indicativo
b. Con Imperativo
a. Con Subjuntivo
c. Gerundio
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EL “SI” CONDICIONAL
Concordancia de tiempos
• Presente de Indicativo
Si + Presente de Indicativo + • Futuro Simple
• Presente de Subjuntivo
• Imperativo
• Imperativo
• Imperfecto de Subjuntivo
Si + Imperfecto de Subjuntivo + • Condicional Simple
• Condicional Compuesto
• Pluscuamperfecto de Subjuntivo
• Imperativo
• Imperfecto de Subjuntivo
Si + Pluscuamperfecto + • Condicional Simple
de Subjuntivo • Condicional Compuesto
• Pluscuamperfecto de Subjuntivo
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FORMAS CONDICIONALES
EQUIVALENTES A “SI”
Imperfecto de subjuntivo
DE HABER + PARTICIPIO + Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Condicional simple
Condicional compuesto
Presente de indicativo
CON QUE + Presente de Subjuntivo + Futuro simple
Futuro compuesto
Presente de indicativo
GERUNDIO + Futuro simple
Futuro compuesto
Condicional simple
Presente de indicativo
COMO + Presente de subjuntivo + Imperativo
Futuro simple
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LAS PERÍFRASIS
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Para Por
• Para mí, él no será buen presidente. •Por mí, puedes casarte con cualquiera
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• adiós goodbye
• a mano by hand
• a más tardar by the latest
• a menos que unless
• a menudo often
• a tiempo in time
• al fin y al cabo to summarise
• al mismo tiempo at the same time
• al pie de la letra literally / word for word
• apenas hardly / barely
• a pesar de in spite of
• a pie on foot
• a propósito on purpose
• así que so
• atrasado de noticias behind the times
• aún still
• aún no not yet
• aunque although
• caído del cielo fallen from heaven
• cambiar de idea change your mind
• como no why not
• como siempre as always
• ¿cómo se dice? how do you say?
• ¿cómo se llama? (Ud.) what is your name?
• ¿cómo te llamas? (tú) what is your name?
• con tal que as long as
• contar con to count on
• cuanto antes the sooner
• ¿cuánto cuesta? how much is it?
• ¿cuánto cuestan? how much are they?
• con mucho gusto with pleasure
• dar a entender to imply
• dar la vuelta to go around
• dar una mano to give a hand
• dejar en paz to leave alone
• dentro de poco shortly
• de cuando en cuando from time to time
• de nada you're welcome
• de ninguna maneraby no means
• de nuevo again
• ¿de qué se trata? what is it about?
• de repente suddenly
• de todos modos in any case / anyway
• de una vez at once
• de vez en cuando once in a while
• día a día from day to day
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EXPRESIONES IDIOMÁTICAS
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MALAS PALABRAS
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DICCIONARIO DE VERBOS
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Corregir to correct
C Correr to run / to flow
Corromper to corrupt
ceder to give up / to give in Cortar to cut / to shorten
Cazar to hunt / to track down Coser to sew
Celebrar to celebrate Crecer to grow / to rise
Cepillar(se) to brush Creer to believe / to think so
Cerrar to close / to shut Criticar to criticise
Cocinar to cook Cruzar to cross
Coger to take / to catch / to pick up Cubrir to cover
Colgar to hang / to hang up Cuidar to look after
Comenzar to begin / to commence Cuidar(se) to look after o.s.
Comer to eat Cumplir to fulfil / to turn (age)
Compadecer to feel sorry for
Comparar to compare D
Compartir to share
Competir to compete Daæar to damage
Complacer to please Dar to give
Completar to complete Dar pena to hurt (emotion)
Componer to make up / to compose / Dar(se) cuentatoderealise
to write Deber to owe / to ought to / must
Comprar to buy Decaer to decline / to weaken
Comprender to understand / to compre
- Decir to say
hend Dedicar to dedicate / to devote
Comunicar to comun cate / to pass on Deducir to deduct
Comunicarse to be in touch / to get in Defender to defend
touch Definir to define
Concluir to finish / to end -/ to con Dejar to leave / to let
clude dejar de to stop / to give up
Conducir to drive Demandar to demand / to sue
Confiar to confide / to trust Demostrar to show / to demonstrate
Conjugar to conjugate Depender de to depend on
Conocer to know / to be aware of Desagradar to displease
Conocer(se) to become acquainted with / Desayunar to have breakfast
to know (one another) Descansar to rest
Conquistar to conquer Descomponer to decompose / to break
Conseguir to manage / to obtain down
Consentir to consent / to allow Desconocer to not know / to not
Constituir to constitute / to establish recognise
Construir to build / to construct Descubrir to discover
Contar to count / to tell (story) Desear to wish (for) / to desire
Contener to contain / to restrain Deshacer to undo / to take to pieces /
Contentar(se)to be content / to be
- satis to destroy
fied Despedir to fire / to sack
Contestar to respond / to answer Despedir(se) to say goodbye
Contradecir to contradict Despertar to wake
Contraer to contract Despertar(se)to wake up
Contribuir to contribute Desvestir to undress
Convencer to convince Desvestir(se)to get undressed
Convenir to suit / to be convenient
r fo Destituir to dismiss (s.o. from office)
Convivir to live together / to cohabit Destruir to destroy / to demolish
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F
E
Faltar to be lacking / to be absent
Fascinar to fascinate
Echar to throw / to dismiss Fastidiar to annoy / to be a nuisance
Elegir to choose / to elect Fingir to feign / to pretend
Emborrachar(se)
to get drunk Firmar to sign
Emocionar to excite / to move Freir to fry
Empezar to start / to begin Fumar to smoke
Emplear to employ
Empujar to
Enamorar(se) to
push
fall in love G
Encantar to delight
Encender to light / to turn on / Ganar to win
to set fire to Gastar to spend / to use
Encontrar to meet / to find Girar to turn
Encontrar(se)to meet (one another) Gobernar to govern / to rule
Enfadar to make s.o. cross Golpear to hit / to punch
Enfadar(se) to get cross Gozar to enjoy
Enojar to anger Grabar to record
Enojar(se) to get angry Gritar to shout
Enseæar to teach / to show Gustar to be liked by / to please
Entender to understand Guardar to keep
Entender(se) to understand (one another) Gu ar to guide
to get on with
Entrar to enter / to come in H
Entregar to give in / to submit
Entrenar to train (sport) Haber to have
Entretener to entertain / to amuse Hay que to have to, / must
Entristecer to sadden Hablar to talk / to speak
Enviar to send / to mail Hacer to do / to make
Hacer falta to be missed / to be needed
Equivocar(se)to make a mistake / Hacer(se) to become / to pretend
to be mistaken Halar to pull
Esconder to hide Halagar to flatter
Escribir to write Herir to injure / to wound
Escribir to write Hervir to boil
Huir to flee / to run away
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I M
Identificar to identify Maldecir to curse / to speak ill
Imaginar to imagine Manejar to manage / to handle /to drive
Impedir to prevent / to hinder Manifestar to protest / to manifest
Importar to matter Mantener to keep / to preserve /
Imponer to impose to maintain
Incluir to include Maquillar(se)to put make up on
Indicar to indicate / to point at Mandar to send / to order s.o.
Influir to influence Marchar to march
Insistir to insist Marchar(se) to go away, to leave
Iniciar to initiate Matar to kill
Inundar to flood Medir to measure
Intentar to try / to attempt Mentir to lie
Interesar to interest Merecer to deserve
Intervenir to intervene / to take part Merendar to have supper
Introducir to introduce Mezclar to mix / to stir
Invitar to invite Mirar to look at
Ir to go Mirar(se) to look at o.s.
Ir a to be going to Mojar to wet / to soak / to dampen
Ir(se) to leave / to depart Mojar(se) to get wet
Molestar to bother / to annoy
J Morir
Mostrar
to
to
die
show
Mover to move
Jabonar(se) to soap o.s. Mudar(se) to move house
Jugar to play Multiplicar to multiply
Jubilar(se) to retire
Juntar
Jurar
to
to
join
swear
N
Juzgar to judge
Justificar to justify Nadar to swim
Nacer to be born
Navegar to navigate
L Negar to deny / to refuse
Negociar to negotiate
Lamentar to regret / to be sorry about Nevar to snow
Lanzar to throw / to launch Necesitar to need
Lavar to wash Notar to notice
Lavar(se) to wash o.s / to have a wash
Leer to read
Levantar
Levantar(se)
to
to
lift / to raise
get up / to stand up
O
Localizar to locate / to localise
Lograr to achieve / to manage to Obedecer to obey
Llegar to arrive Obligar to force / to oblige
Llenar to fill Observar to observe
Llamar to call Obtener to obtain / to get
Llevar to carry / to take / to wear Odiar to hate
Llevar(se) to run off with / to take Ofrecer to offer
Llorar to cry Oir to hear
Llover to rain Oler to smell
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O Q
Olvidar to forget Quebrar to break (glass etc)
Olvidar(se) to forget Quedar to remain / to be left
Opinar to think / to opine Quedar(se) to stay
Oponer to oppose Quejar(se) to complain /
Oponer(se) to be opposed to make a complaint
Organizar to organise Querer to want / to love
otorgar to issue Querer(se) to love (one another)
Quitar to take away / to remove
P Quitar(se) to take off (clothes)
Pagar
Parar
to
to
pay
stop / to quit
R
Parar(se) to stand (up) / to stop o.s.
Parecer to seem / to look like Realizar to carry out / to make /
Partir to divide / to split to achieve / to perform
Pasar to pass / to happen / Recaer to fall back / to relapse
to spend (time) Rechazar to refuse / to dismiss
Pedir to ask for / to order Recoger to collect / to pick up
Pegar to stick (on) / to hit Recomendar to recommend
Peinar to comb Reconocer to recognise / to acknowl
Peinar(se) to comb one·s hair edge
Pensar to think Recordar to remember / to remind
Percibir to perceive
Reducir to reduce
Permitir to allow / to permit
Perseguir to chase / to pursue / Reelegir to choose the same again /
to persecute to reelect
Pesar to weigh Regresar to return / to come back
Perder to lose / to miss / to waste Rehacer to redo / to remake /
Planificar to plan Reir to laugh
Poder to be able to / can Repetir to repeat
Poner to place / to put / to lay Reponer to replace
Poner(se) to put on Reprobar to retake (exam)
Poseer to own / to have Rescatar to rescue
Practicar to practice Resolver to solve / to resolve
Predecir to foretell / to predict Respirar to breathe
Preferir to prefer
Responder to answer
Preguntar to ask
Respetar to respect
Prender to turn on / to switch on
Preocupar to worry Respetar(se) to respect (one another)
Presentar to introduce / to present Retener to keep / to retain
Prestar to lend Retribuir to pay
Prevenir to prevent Rogar to pray / to plead
Pretender to claim / to try to Romper to break
Probar to try / to taste / to prove
Probar(se) to try on S
Producir to produce
Prohibir to forbid
Saber to know (in-depth knowl
Prometer to promise
Proponer to propose edge) / to know how to
Proteger to protect Sacar to take out / to withdraw /
Provocar to provoke to draw / to make (a copy)
Pudrir to rot Sacar(se) to take off
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S U
Salir to go out / to leave Ubicar to locate
Saltar to jump / to dive Unir to join / to unite
Saludar to greet Unificar to unite
Saludar(se) to greet (one another) Usar to use
Satisfacer to satisfy / to placate Utilizar to use / to utilise
Secar to dry
Secar(se)
Sentar(se)
to
to
dry o.s.
sit / to sit down
V
Seguir to follow / to continue
Sembrar to sow Valer to be worth / to be valid /
Sentir to feel / to be sorry to be of use
Sentir(se) to feel (o.s.) Vender to sell
Separar(se) to separate )
from( one another Venir to come
Ser to be Ver to see
Servir to serve / to wait on Ver(se) to see each other / to meet
Simpatizar to like (s.o.) Vestir to dress / to wear
Sobrar to be left over Vestir(se) to get dressed
Sobresalir to stick out / to stand out Viajar to travel
Sobrevivir to survive Vivir to live
Soler to usually Volar to fly
Solicitar to apply for / to solicit Volver to return
Soltar to let go of / to drop Volver(se) to turn round / to return /
Sonar to sound / to ring to become
Soæar to dream
Sonreir to smile
Soportar to bear / to support
Sorprender to surprise
Sostener to support / to sustain
Subir to go up / to take up
subraer to underline / to emphasise
Sufrir to suffer
Sugerir to suggest
Suplicar to beg (favour) / to ask for
Suponer to suppose
T
Temer to fear
Tener to have
Tener que to have to
Tener miedo to be afraid
Tirar to pull
Tocar to touch / to play (instrument)
Tomar to take / to drink
Toser to cough
Trabajar to work
Traducir to translate
Traer to bring / to carry
Tratar to try
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