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INPUT VALUES
Sl .No. Parameter Symbol Value Unit
1 Pipe O.D. D 0.457 m Given
2 Wall thickness t 0.0111252 m Given
3 Pipe I.D. d 0.4349496 m Calculated
Pipe Grade Pgr API 5L Gr X Given
4
70
5
Specified Min. Yield Strength (SMYS) SMYS 482.63 Mpa(N/mm2) For X70 Gr Pipe
23
Mud density/ Density of drilling fluid dm 1200 Kg/m3 Standard/
Assumed
24 Minimum Cover hlbl 7.00 m Given
25 0.2 Assumed
Coefficient of Friction on Rollers µR
26 Safety Factor for drill rig capacity S.F. 1.25 Assumed
27 Roller Spacing LR 24 m Taken
28 Max depth of installed pipe from rig level hrig 8 m Drawing
29 Column height from water level to pipe top hw 0.00 m Drawing
30 Column height from bed to pipe top hs 0.00 m Assumed
ds 1470 3 Standard
31 Soil Density - dry Kg/m
dw 1000 3 Standard
32 Water Density Kg/m
CONTRACT INFORMATION
Contractor AMPS Crossing Ch 39 Road & canal Crossing Owner IOCL
PIPE CHARACTERISTICS
Pipe Steel Grade API 5L X Gr 70 Diameter(") 18.00
Specific gravity
Diameter(mm) 457 Thickness(mm) 11.1252 7.85
(g/cm3)
CONTRACT INFORMATION
Contractor AMPS Crossing Ch 39 Road & canal Crossing Owner IOCL
TF = 15789.25 Kg
Min. capacity of drill rig required (taking safety factor) = T.F. x S.F. = 15.79 15.80 Ton
The Pull Force Required to pull the 89mm Conduit = 0.80 x 1.50 = 1.20 Tonns 1.20 Ton
The Total Force Required to pull both the product Pipe string and 89 mm conduit 17TON
32 Ton Rig will be deployed for executing the work , Drill Rig pulling capacity is more than the calculated total pull force
required for 18" + 89mm pipe Pulling, hence design is safe.
DEFINITIONS
Se Equivalent stress St Stress due to pull force Sz Bending stress
Sx Longitudinal stress Sy Hoop stress
The circumfrencial stress and longitudinal stress are usually much larger for pressure vessels ,and so far thin walled instances,
radial stress is usually neglected.
PIPELINE CHARACTERISTICS
E Youngs modulus 200000 Mpa DPR Design pressure (N/mm2) 10.783
D Pipe dimeter 457 mm SMYS Specified min. yield strength (Mpa) 482.63
t Pipe wall thickness 11.1252 mm AS Cross sectional area mm2 = π/4 ( D2-d2)
R Min. radius of curvature 500 m = 15582.79
/0
α Coeff. of thermal expansion 0.0000117 C Asmax Max. allowable stress (N/mm2) 434.37
Sf Safety factor 1.25 n Poisson coefficient 0.30
2
Taking Larger Value, Se = 281.49 N/mm
2
Taking Larger Value, Se = 443.57 N/mm
Our proposed Min. Radius of Curvature is 500 Mtr is more than the calculated Min. Radius of Curvature .
Po/Pc = 1.89% Since overburden is only 1.89% of maximum allowable overburden pressure, empty pipeline is
safe.
STRESS UNDER VERTICAL LOAD DUE TO SOIL LOOSENING AND ITS COLLAPSE ON PIPE
Vertical load per unit length of pipeline, Wv (factor of hole diameter, soil properties and pipe design)
Wv = K * B2 * Dsw
Here, K = Load factor depending on soil properties and pipe design
K= pi() [1+f-(D/B)^2/(4*b) Load factor for elliptical
Here, f = 0.05
B= Bore diameter = 0.71 m
b= bulking factor = 0.4 (0.1 to 0.15 for sand and gravel and 0.15 to 0.4 for silt and clay)
K= 2.49
3
Dsw = Sat. soil density = g * dsw 24.23 kN/m
COATING STRESSES
DIRAX sleeves used for HDD. To avoid damage to coating, low friction drilling mud will be used.
2
PE coating adhesive force = 25,000 kg/m
Longitudinal Soil Stress, Sx = N(2-sinɸ)tanɸ
Normal force on pipeline due to net buoyancy, NWt = 75.52 kg/m
Angle of friction, ɸ = 29.5 degree
N= NWt/(ɸ/360*pi() D)
N= 641.66 kg/m2
Therefore, Sx = 547.30 kg/m2
Since longitudinal soil stress is only 2.19% of PE coating adhesive force, coating is safe.
SUMMARY
As the above calculated stresses are well below the max. allowable stress, therefore the design is safe.