Don Nelson C Potato

2018 21858
EnE 213
Biological Wastewater Treatment Plant Design

Homework No. 2

1. A CSTR reactor is used for treatment of 50 m3/d of wastewater with BODL of

10,000 mg/l by methane formation. Assume Y = 0.04 mg VSS/mg BODL, q = 8
mg BODL/mg VSS.day, KS = 200 mg BODL/l, and b= 0.05/d. What reactor
detention time will result in the maximum BODL removal per day per unit volume
of reactor?
Solution :

F-Fw,SS

F
Sso Fw,Ss,XB,XD

V,Ss,XB,XD

Biomass
separator

given: kinetic parameters:

q = 8 mg BODL/ mg VSS.day
Y = 0.04 mg VSS/ mg BODL
Ks = 200 mg BODL/l
B = 0.05/d
Ss,o = 10 000 mg/l
Q = 50 m3day
Required: c that gives the maximum BODL in the reactor

K s  S s ,o
 c min 
 
S s ,o 
  b  K sb
 
 
 
Solving for 

 = q*y
= 8*0.04
= 0.32

Solving for c min

c min = 200 + 10000 / 10000 (0.32-0.05) – 200(0.05)
= 3.79 days
Solving for Ss

 1 
K s   b 
Ss   c 
  1 
    b 
c 
Ss = (200(1/3.79 + 0.05)) / 0.32 –(1/3.79 + 0.05)
Ss = 6277 mgBODL/l

Iteration of c to find the maximum detention time

Days 3.79 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6
Ss mgBODL / l 6277 3000 1786.56 1297.76 747.96
Removal 982.32 1750 1955.58 2175.56 2011.31
rate(mg/l-day)
In terms of volume removal rate (mg/l-day), the maximum rate is in 4.4 days

2. You have designed a CSTR with settling and solids recycle to treat a waste with
flow rate of 100 m3/d, and have assumed that Xi0 = 0. Your design  x is 6 days,
resulting in a reactor volume of 20 m3. However, you have now found that Xi0 for
this waste will actually be 200 mg VSS/l. If in your design you wish to maintain
the previously selected  x and mixed liquor suspended solids concentration
(2,000 mg SS/l), what change, if any, in reactor volume (in m3) is required?

Solution:
Given :
Q = 100 m3/d
Xio = 200 mg VSS/l
 x = 6 days

At steady state
0 = 0 - 0 - FwXB + (Xb - bXB)V
Which give us Q*Xio  x
= 100 m3/day * (200 mg/l) *(6 days)
= 120000 m3* mg/l
Convert 120000 m3 mg/l to mg
= 120000 m3 mg/l * 10000 l/ m3
= 12*103 mg
V = 12*103 mg / 2000 mg/l (m3/ 103l)
= 60 m3

3. An industry is operating an aerated lagoon without biomass recycle and without

biomass separation (no settling tank). The wastewater to be treated has the
following characteristics:

F = 10 4 m3/day, SS,o = 200 BODL/l, XB,o = 0 mg VSS/l, XI,o = 30 mg VSS/l

The lagoon is well aerated and has a total volume of 4 x 104m3. Tracer studies
have shown that the lagoon can be described as 2 CSTRs in series. Therefore,
assume that the lagoon is divided into two CSTRs in series for your analysis.
Compute whether the effluent of the first CSTR and the complete lagoon (first
and second CSTRs combined) meets the following standards.

SS < 100 BODL/l; VSS concentration < 40 mg VSS/l

Use the following kinetic parameters:

Y = 0.40 mg VSS/mg BODL, b = 0.2/day, fD = 0.2, q = 5 mg BODL/mg VSS.day,

KS = 350 mg BODL/l

Solution :
 K s  S s ,o
 c min 
 
 
S s ,o    b   K s b
 
 

Solving for 

 = q*y
= 0.4*5
=2

Solving for c min

c min = 350 + 200 / (200 ( 2 – 0.2)) – 350(0.2)
= 1.89 days

Solve for Ss,

 1 
K s   b 
Ss   c 
  1 
    b 
c 

Ss min = 350 ( 1/1.89 +0.2) / 2 – ( 1/1.89 + 0.2)

= 200.79 mg BOD/l

Xa = Y(So – S) / (1 + bc)
= 0.4 (200 – 200.79) / (1 + 0.2(1.89)
= - 0.22 mg VSS/l
Xi = Xio + Xa (1 -fD) bx
= 29.93 mg VSS/l

Iteration of c to get the maximum c in CSTR1

Days c 1.89 2
Ss mg BOD/l 200.79 188
CSTR1 Xa mg VSS/l -0.22 3.4
Xi mg VSS/l 29.93 31. 08

@CSTR2
Using Xa = 3.4, Xi = 31.08, c = 2, and Ss = 188 mg BODL/l
We get,
Days c 2 2.5
CSTR2 Ss mg BOD/l 188 155
Xa mg VSS/l 3.4 13.1
Xi mg VSS/l 31.08 35.24