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PARTICLE DYNAMICS
Arranged by :
NAME : Khairul Afni
ID : 4173332001
CLASS : Bilingual Chemistry Education 2017
B. Summary
BOOK A
Dynamics is a branch of mechanics that studies the motion of objects /
particles with the concept of space and time by showing the cause of movement of
the object / particle. To move an object requires a force, also to dismiss it.
A. Newton's Laws of Motion
a. Law I Newton
Newton's Law states that every object remains in a stationary state or
moves at a fixed rate along the line, unless it is given a total (∑ 𝐹) nonzero force.
Mathematically formulated:
∑𝐹 = 0 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑚 ; 𝑉 = 0 𝐺𝐿𝐵 ; 𝑎 = 0
The tendency of an object to maintain a stationary state or its fixed motion
on a straight line is called inertia. Thus, the law of Newton I also called the Law of
Inertia or the Law of Inertia means things that silence want to keep silent and
moving objects want to move on.
b. Newton's Second Law
From experience we know that an object in a state of silence will not move
by itself, must be done by others through an urgency or pull. To speed up and slow
down the motion of an object then the force is required. In these events we can also
conclude that force is necessary because it has an inertia.
From the above statement it can be concluded that inertia is "the nature of
matter that causes the necessary force to be done on the object so that it is
accelerated"
c. Newton’s Third Law
Newton's Law III states
That when an object gives a force to a second object, it gives the same
force as opposite to the first object.
Mathematically written:
Action = - Reaction
Action and reaction work on different objects.
d. Newton's Law Application
friction exists between two solid surfaces because the most slippery
surface is actually very rough on a microscope scale.
BOOK B
Dynamics is the study of motion of objects and their relationship with
external net styles (environments). The environment can affect the motion state of
an object. The influence can affect the motion state of an object. The influence can
be formulated in the form of a mathematical formulation to determine the final
motion, provided that the initial state of the object is determined.
The dynamics issue consists of two parts:
1) Specify the environmental impact specifications on the system.
Quantitatively the effect of this environment is expressed through the
concept of force, namely that the environmental influence of the object will
give force to the system, called the law of force.
2) Determine how the forces of the environment affect the state of the motion
system. The link between force and motion is called the law of motion. This
law of motion is expressed by three basic laws known as Newton's laws.
The force is a vector quantity and follows the rules of vector operation. The
magnitude and direction of the style depend on the type of system and environment
being reviewed and expressed by force law.
A. Mass And Inertia
The typical plane of any body is the mass that determines the magnitude
of the interaction of matter with other objects. The interaction between two mass
bodies is expressed in the law of universal gravitation. This law states that the force
acting between two particles of mass M and m is proportional to the mass of each
particle and inversely proportional to the square of the distance of the two particles.
The direction of force which is the result of a tug-of-war interaction along the line
connecting the two particles. Mathematically this gravitational force is written as:
𝑀𝑚
𝐹=𝐺 (−𝑟̂ )
𝑟2
B. Newton's Laws
𝒅
⃗𝑭⃗ = 𝒎 ⃗⃗ = 𝒎 𝒂
𝒗 ⃗⃗
𝒅𝒕
This form of equation is peculiar to Newton's law and should be used only
when the mass of a particle is independent of time (constant) or object during its
mass movements does not change. In addition, the vector equation is equivalent to
the following three scalar equations, in which the force or the force component in
all equations is the resultant force acting on the body:
∑ 𝑭𝒙 = 𝒎 𝒂𝒙 ; ∑ 𝑭𝒚 = 𝒎 𝒂𝒚 ; ∑ 𝑭𝒛 = 𝒎 𝒂𝒛
BOOK B
An attractive cover and a brief discussion can easily take the essence.
CHAPTER IV
BOOK A
This book is not very detailed explaining every explanation contained therein.
BOOK B
This book is not very interesting because there is no picture of the inventor or the
picture of his explanation.
CHAPTER V
CONLUSION AND SUGGESTION