PULLEY & BELT CALCULATION – M.S.

GURU

1. Selection of belt section :

Select the type of a belt depending on the power to be transmitted.

(see V-Belt Table in pg no:7.58 )

Example : Motor power = 100 kW

Motor speed(N1) = 1440 rpm
Pump speed(N2) = 340 rpm

For power 100 Kw,D section is selected. (see V-Belt Table in pg no:7.58 )

2. Selection of pulley diameters (d and D)

For power given, select small pulley diameter (d) from V-Belt Table in pg no: 7.58.then using the speed ratio,
Calculate the larger pulley diameter (D).
𝐷 𝑁1
Speed ratio = 𝑑
= 𝑁2

Larger pulley diameter, D = Speed ratio x d

These pulley diameters should be rounded off to a standard diameter by using Table in (pg no:7.54).

For Power 100 Kw, small pulley diameter d = 355 mm

For power given,select small pulley diameter (d) from V-Belt Table in pg no: 7.58

𝑁1 1440
Speed ratio = = = 4.235
𝑁2 340

Larger pulley diameter,, D = Speed ratio x d

D = 4.235 x 355
 D = 1503.53 mm

Preferred larger pulley diameter, D = 1600 mm. Consulting Table, (pg no:7.54).

3. Selection of centre distance (C) :

𝐶
Considering Speed ratio, ratio can be obtained (see Table in pg no:7.61).
𝐷

Centre distance, C = D x (C/D)

C max = 2(D+d)

C min = 0.55(D+d) +T

𝐶
Centre distance,C = D x ( 𝐷 )

𝐶
( 𝐷 ratio can be obtained see Table in pg no:7.61).

= 1600 x 0.95

C = 1520 mm

C max = 2(D+d)

= 2(1600+355)

C max = 3910 mm

C min = 0.55(D+d)+T

(T value taken from table,see pg no: 7.58)

= 0.55(1600+355)+19

= 1075.25+19

C min =1904.25 mm

4. Determination of nominal pitch length :

Determine the length of the belt L ( Which is also known as nominal inside length ) by using formula.

L = 2C + ( /2 ) (D + d ) + (D-d)2/4C

For the Calculated nominal inside length and belt section,Consulting Table in 7.58,7.59 & 7.60),select the next
standard pitch length.

(1600−355)^2
L = (2 x 1520) + (/2)(1600+355) + 4 𝑥 1520
 1550025
= 3040 + (1.57 x 1955) + 6080

= 3040 + 3069.35 +254.938

L = 6364.28 mm

For this nominal inside length and D section,Consulting Table,pg no:7.58,7.59 @ 7.60, the next standard pitch
length is selected as 6124 mm

5. Calculation of maximum power capacity :

For selected section,calculate the maximum power capacity (in KW) of a V-belt using the formula given in
Table in pg no: 7.62

Where Kw = Maximum power in kW AT 180° arc of contact for a belt of average length,

dN1
S = Belt speed, 60
m/s,

De = Equivalent pitch diameter = dp x Fb,

dp = Pitch diameter of the smaller pulley = d

Fb = Pitch diameter factor to account for variation of arc of contact,from Table in pg no: 7.62

506.7
kW = ( 3.22 S-0.09 - 𝑑𝑒
- 4.78 x 10-4 S2)

maximum power capacity (in KW) of a V-belt using

the formula given in Table in pg no: 7.62

𝑑𝑁1
where S = Belt speed = 60

 𝑥 0.355 𝑥 1440
= 60

= 26.76 m/s

de = dp x Fb

dp = diameter of the smaller pulley

Fb = Small diameter factor, for speed ratio of 4.235,

From Table = 1.14

= 355 x 1.14

de = 404.7

506.7
Power, Kw = (3.22 x 26.760.09 - 404.7
- 4.78 x 10-4 x 26.762)

Power = 21.44 kW
6. Determination of number of belts(nb) :

Determine the number of belts (nb)

𝑃 𝑥 𝐹𝑎
nb = 𝑘𝑊 𝑥 𝐹𝑐 𝑥 𝐹𝑑 (see pg no : 7.70)

P = Motor power, kW,

(i) Length correction factor (Fc) : For selected section,referring Table in pg no: 7.58,7.59 & 7.60)

Length correction factor (Fc) can be obtained.

(ii) Correction factor for arc of contact (Fd) :

𝐷−𝑑
Arc of contact = 180° - ( ) x 60°
𝐶

For this arc of contact, consulting Table in pg no 7.68,correction factor for arc of contact is selected.

(iii) Service factor (Fa) : Consulting Table in pg no 7.69

Select the service factor (Fa).

Note: The details of driving units & driven machines under different duties are available in the data book,pg no
7.69

Kw = Rated power

𝑃 𝑥 𝐹𝑎
nb = (see pg no : 7.70)
𝑘𝑊 𝑥 𝐹𝑐 𝑥 𝐹𝑑

FC= 1.00 referring Table in pg no: 7.58,7.59 & 7.60)

𝐷−𝑑
Arc of contact,= 180° - ( ) x 60°
𝐶

For this arc of contact, consulting Table in pg no 7.68,

correction factor for arc of contact is selected.

1600−355
= 180° - ( ) x 60°
1520

𝐷−𝑑
= 180° - ( ) x 60°
𝐶

= 130.85°

For,130.85°,consulting Table,correction factor for arc of contact,Fd= 0.86

Service factor, consulting Table ,Fa= 1.3

100 𝑥 1.3
nb = 21.44 𝑥 1 𝑥 0.86
 nb = 7.05

nb = 7 Belts

7.Calculation of actual centre distance:

C = A + √𝐴2 − 𝐵
𝐿 𝐷+𝑑
Where A = 4 - ( 8
)

(𝐷−𝑑)^2
B= 8

C = A + √𝐴2 − 𝐵

6124 1600+355
A= 4
- ( 8
)

6124 1600+355
A= 4
- ( 8
)

= 1531 – 3.14(244.375)

= 1531 – 767.337

A = 763.663

(D−d)^2
B=
8

(1600−355)^2
B=
8

1550025
B= 8

B = 193753.125

C = 763.663 + √763.6632 − 193753.125

C = 763.663 + √583181.177 − 193753.125

C = 763.663 + √389428.052

C = 763.663 + 624.041

C = 1387.704 mm
C
8. Calculation of belt tensions (T1-T2) :

Power transmitted per belt = (T1-T2)v …… (i)

Determine mass per metre length( see Table in pg no : 7.58)

Determine groove angle (2β) = 34° ( see Table in pg no : 7.70)

Already found that arc of contact for smaller pulley, α = radians

We know that the tension ratio for V-belts considering centrifugal tension,
T1−𝑚𝑣^2
𝑇2−𝑚𝑣^2
= e^µα/sin β = e^µα. βcosec …….(ii)

Solving (i) & (ii), T1 & T2 can be obtained

Power transmitted per belt = (T1-T2)v

100 𝑥 10^3
8
= (T1-T2)26.76,

𝑑𝑁1  𝑥 0.355 𝑥 1440

S = v = Belt speed = 60
= = 60
=26.76 m/s

12500
= (T1-T2)
26.76

(T1-T2) = 467.12 ……..(i)

Mass per metre length m = 0.596 kg/m ( see Table in pg no : 7.58)

groove angle (2β) = 34° see Table in pg no : 7.70)

𝐷−𝑑
Arc of contact, α = 180° - ( ) x 60°
𝐶

1600−355
α = 180° - ( ) x 60°
1520

𝐷−𝑑
α = 180° - ( ) x 60°
𝐶

α = 130.85°

α = 2.283 radians

The tension ratio for V-belts considering centrifugal tension,

T1−𝑚𝑣^2
𝑇2−𝑚𝑣^2
= e^µα/sin β = e^µα. Cosec β

T1−0.596(26.76)^2
= e^0.3x2.283. Cosec 17° = 10.53
𝑇2−0.596(26.76)^2
 T1-10.53T2 = -4067.79 ……..(ii)

Solving (i) & (ii),we get

T1 = 942.93 N T2 = 475.81 N

9. Calculation of stress induced:

Consulting Table in pg no 7.58,cross-sectional area of selected section = mm2

Stress induced = 𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 N/mm^2

𝐶𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠−𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎

Consulting Table in pg no 7.58,cross-sectional area of selected section = 475 mm2

Stress induced = 𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 N/mm^2

𝐶𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠−𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎

Stress induced = 942.93

475

Stress induced = 1.985 N/mm^2

10.Maximum power transmitted :

P = (T1-T2)v

v = S = 26.76 m/s T1 = 942.93 N T2 = 475.81 N

P = (T1-T2)v

P = (942.93-472.81)26.76

P = (470.12)26.76

P = 12.58 kW

A belt is a loop of flexible material used to mechanically link two or more rotating shafts. Belts may be
used as a source of motion, to transmit power efficiently, or to track relative movement. Belts are
looped over pulleys. In a two pulley system, the belt can either drive the pulleys in the same direction,
or the belt may be crossed, so that the direction of the shafts is opposite. As a source of motion, a
conveyor belt is one application where the belt is adapted to continuously carry a load between two
points.