ORTHODONTICS
“Orthos” – to correct
“Dons”- tooth
Oldest specialty in Dentistry
1900- Angle School of Orthdontia
1901- American Society of Orthodontists
“Orthodontia” – le faulon in 1839
Dr. Edward Angle
Father of Modern Orthodontics
Angle School of Orthodontia
Most universally used classification of
Malocclusion
Edgewise appliance
Orthodontics
Growth of the craniofacial complex
Development of occlusion
Treatment of dentofacial abnormalities
American Board of Orthodontics
Orthodontics is that specific area of the
dental profession that has as its
responsibility the study and supervision of
the growth and development of the
dentition and its related anatomical
structures from birth to dental maturity,
including all preventive and corrective
procedures of dental irregularities requiring
the repositioning of teeth by functional and
mechanical means to establish normal
occlusion and pleasing facial contours.
Categories of Orthodontics
• Preventive
• Interceptive
• Corrective
1. Preventive orthodontics
- Preserve the integrity of what appears to be
a normal occlusion of a specific time.
- Procedures that maintain the existing
normal condition.
- No abnormalities present at the time of
treatment.
- Purpose is to avoid formation of
abnormalities.
Procedures:
➢ Regular Dental Check-up
➢ Proper toothbrushing and flossing
➢ Fluoridization- is the direct
application of fluoride on the tooth
surface.
➢ Fluoridation- is the systemic intake
of fluoride incorporated in water,
food, and supplements.
*Fluoride lessens incidence of caries
up to 40-60%
*Sodium fluoride, Phosphate
fluoride, Stannous fluoride
*TFA, Fluoride varnish
➢ Pit and fissures sealants (PFS)
- fills the deepest pits and fissures
rendering it cleansable
- Proper restoration of the correct
mesiodistal width of the tooth.
*The best space maintainer is a well-
restored deciduous tooth.
➢ Space Maintainers- premature loss of
deciduous teeth prior to eruption of
permanent teeth.
-Passive appliances- band and loop,
nance appliances, lower lingual
holding arch
➢ Early recognition and elimination of
oral habits
1. Digit sucking
2. Bruxism
3. Lip biting
4. Nail biting
➢ Proper Nutrition
➢ Bodily posture
2. Interceptive Orthodontics
- Procedures that allow early detection and
correction of potential irregularities of the
dentofacial complex.
Procedures:
➢ Serial extraction
-Consecutive extraction at a period of
time to allow normal alignment of
tooth.
-Example: CD4
➢ Properly-trimmed removal of
deciduous teeth
➢ Mixed Dentition Analysis (MDA)
➢ Use of expansion arch
➢ Correction of abnormal oral habits
3. Corrective Orthodontics
- Recognition of the existing malocclusion
and the need for employing certain technical
procedures to reduce or eliminate the
problems and effects.
• Limited corrective
• Extensive corrective
-Limited Corrective Orthodontics
• Bite plane- Class I deep bite
• Mandibular inclined plane- Class I
anterior cross bite
• Space Retainer- active orthodontic
appliance to bring back lost space
-Extensive Corrective Orthodontics
• Treatment of Class II and Class III
• Fixed braces
3 primary Correlate of human dental occlusion
1. Growth and development of the
craniofacial complex (bone)
2. Growth and development of the
occlusion (teeth)
3. Growth and development of the
nerves and muscles (neuromuscular system)
Ma. Jaira Joy L. Laguidao