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1. what is the importance of ACCURALS in Pricing Procedure?

Account Key in the pricing procedure is generally used for the Freight and Rebates related conditions which
will have the transaction event key and will store the Current Purchasing documents value.
Accruals Key will store the accumulated values of the respective conditions. The buyer can see the amount
spent on the freights over a period of time.
Accruals mean accumulating, with the addition of the account key, the system can post amounts to certain
types of accruals accounts. For example, rebate accruals which are calculated from pricing conditions can be
posted to the corresponding account for rebate accruals.
2. How to define a condition type as header condition type?
Condition Type : Condition type is defined as specific features of daily pricing activities in a SAP system. Using
the condition type, you can also put different condition types for each pricing, discounts on goods, tax and
surcharge that occurs in business transactions.
Transaction : M/06
Select your condition type and click on the details icon
In that screen, go to the block CHANGES WHICH CAN BE MADE
In that block, there are two fields
1.Header condit.
2. item condition
If you selected item condition check box, then that condition type will appear in the item condition tab details.
If you selected header condition check box, then that condition type will appear in the header condition tab
details.
If you selected bth item condition & header condition check boxs, then that condition type will appear in the both
item and header condition tab details.
3. How system pickup pricing procedure in Purchase order.
Path : IMG>MM>Purchasing>Conditions>Define schema determination>Determine Calculation Schema for
Standard Purchase Orders>
Schema grp Pur rog and Sch group vendor are blank and this has assigned to any pricing procedure. The pricing
procedure will pick to purchasing document via..
After creating the pricing proceedure, you are going to create the vendor schema group , which will be assigned to
the pur org with the pricing procedure and you are going to assign this schema group to the vendor in the vendor
master.
4. What is Account Assignment Category?
A Key Indicating whether on item is not be assigned to auxiliary account ( such as Cost Center, Sales Order,
Project). The Account Assingment Category determines which assignment details are required for item or several.
The account assignment category determines:
 The nature of the account assignment (cost center, sales order and so on)
 Which accounts are to be charged when the incoming invoice or goods receipt is posted
 Which account assignment data you must provide

Account Assignments Description Integration Module


1 Third Party SD
A Asset FI
E Customer indiv SD
(Individual)
F Order PP & PM
K Cost Center CO
M Ind Cust SD & PP
Q Project Make Order PS

5. How to system pick G/L Account in Service PO?


Create a material group for service in OMSF t.code, lets say ZSER
You have already valuation class for service ieu2026u2026XXXX
Now create service master (2001) in AC01 t.code & enter material group ZSER &valuation class XXXX
Assign valuation class XXXX to material group ZSER in t.code: OMQW
Cross check you have Acct modification VBR for cost object K in OME9 t.code
Go to OBYC and assign your G/L account for GBB with Valuation modification, Acct modification VBR, Valuation
class XXXX & save.
after that create a PO with account assignment category K & item category D, enter material group ZSER ,in item
details you can enter service number (2001) and can view G/L account( which you assigned ) is defaulted in
u201CAccount Assignmentu201D TAB.
6. Service Master?
The Service Master is part of the master data within External Services Management. External Services
Management (MM SRV) is an application component within the Materials Management (MM) module. It supports
the complete cycle of procurement, acceptance and invoice verification of externally performed services.
Procurement of Service like Electrical Services, Mechanical Services, IT Services, Not IT Services etc. We can
procure services with service master and with out service master. If services are repeated it is recommended to
use service master. Service Master is master data it contains service description unit of message, material group,
valuation class etc
7. GR Table?
Goods Receipt:
MKPF- Material Document header
MSEG- Material Document item
S011- Purchase Group Statistics
EKBE- Purchasing Document history
MVER- Material Consumption
S031- Statistics: Movements for current stock
S013- Statistics for Vendor Evaluation
Invoice Verification
BKPF- Accounting Document header
BSEG- Item level
8. STO PROCESS with Delivery?
The movement type 641 can be used with intracompany STO only.
351 movement can be used for inter company as well as intra company STO.
If you are using document type UB (item cat U) for intercompany STO , you can use the MM route (without
delivery and billing) with movement type 351, with company code clearing accounts in OBYA.
For intercomapny process, If You are using document type NB then it is only possible with SD route (with delivery
and billing) with 643 movement (or 645).
Normally, intercompany process will be followed with SD route only and intra company with or without SD route.
For intercomapny process, you may refer the doc Inter-company STO with SD Delivery, Billing & LIV
9. How to maintain release strategy classification values?
We can maintain Release strategy classification value which is entered in while creating Characteristic for PO
value.
Path: SPRO-SAP REFERENCE IMG-MATERIAL MANAGEMENT-PURCHASING-PURCHASE ORDER-REALEASE
STRATEGY-
Characteristic s- T.Code : CT04
1. Characteristic for PO Value
2. Characteristic for PO Document Type
Edit Class - T.Code : CL02
Define Release Procedure for Purchase Order
1. Release Group
2. Release Codes
3. Release Indicator
4. Release strategies
10. ALE monitoring transaction code :BD91 AND BD92?
ALE = Application Link Enabling
ALE is short for Application Link Enabling. Special Basic programs support this functionaliity (see documentation of
BC_MID_ALE).
To link applications you have to configure an ALE model. It contains all relevant data about how a system's
configuration (normally a central system and assigned local systems) exchange data.
With help of the ALE technology, the distribution of contracts is possible in MM via the following business
process:
Contracts that a central purchasing organization distributes to local purchasing organizations to allow the latter to
utilize the more favorable conditions they contain for the procurement of materials or external services. Each
local purchasing organization sends information on its own release orders back to the central purchasing
organization.
For this purpose the contract in the central system can be copied to the local systems (with message BLAORD and
COND_A). When a release order to a distributed contract is created in a local system, the release docu is
automatically sent to the central system (with message BLAREL) updating the release docu of the contract in the
central system.
Precondition for this scenario is, that in all systems the used master data (material, vendor, sources of supply, ...)
are the same. This master data can be distributed by ALE, which should be done before sending the contract from
the central system. Available message types for distribution of master data are:
MATMAS (ARTMAS in retail system) for material master
CREMAS for Vendor master
INFREC for info record
SRCLST for source list
COND_A for conditions of info record
SRVMAS for service master data
Technical documentation to ALE can be found by path.
11. Functionality of CBP(Consumption Based Planning)?
Consumption-based planning is based on past consumption values and uses the forecast or other statistical
procedures to determine future requirements. The procedures in consumption-based planning do not refer to the
master production schedule. That is, the net requirements calculation is not triggered either by planned
independent requirements or dependent requirement. Instead, it is triggered when stock levels fall below
a predefined reorder point or by forecast requirements calculated using past consumption values.

Implementation Considerations
Consumption-based planning procedures are simple materials planning procedures which you can use to achieve
set targets with relatively little effort. Therefore, these planning procedures are used in areas without in-house
production and/or in production plants for planning both B- and C-parts and operating supplies .
The prerequisites for implementing consumption-based planning are:
If you use forecast requirements, the consumption pattern should be fairly constant or linear with few
irregularities.
Your Inventory Management must function well and should always be up-to-date.

Integration
Consumption-based planning is integrated in the Materials Management component. You can access the
consumption-based planning functions from the SAP Easy Access >Logistics>Materials Management >Materials
Planning>MRP

Features

MRP Procedures:
In consumption-based planning, the following MRP procedures are available:
Reorder point procedure
Forecast-based planning
Time-phased materials planning

Creation of procurement proposals:


The type of procurement proposal to be created automatically in the planning run depends on the procurement
type of the material. For in-house production, the system always creates a planned order. For external
procurement, the MRP controller can choose between a planned order and a purchase requisition. If the MRP
controller chooses a planned order, it then has to be converted into a purchase requisition in a separate step so
that it is made available to Purchasing.
The advantage of creating a planned order is that the MRP controller has more control over the procurement
proposals. The purchasing department cannot order the material until the MRP controller has checked and
converted the order proposal .If a purchase requisition is created, it is immediately available to the purchasing
department which then takes over the responsibility for material availability and warehouse stocks.

Planning at plant level or for MRP areas:


As materials planning is usually carried out at plant level, all available stock in the plant (from now on described as
available warehouse stock ) is taken into account during planning. However, stocks from individual storage
locations can be excluded from requirements planning or they can be planned independently. These stocks are
then not included in material requirements planning at plant level. On the other hand, consignment stocks from
the vendor are always included in MRP.
You can also carry out MRP for individual MRP areas. You can define the MRP areas. This means, for example, that
you can group several storage locations into one MRP area and carry out MRP for this MRP area.

Lot-sizing procedures:
The standard lot-sizing procedures are available in the SAP system. However, you can quite easily integrate your
own formulas without much effort.

Automatic planning run:


The automatic planning run determines shortages and creates the appropriate procurement elements. The
system creates notes for critical parts and exceptional situations providing you with the necessary information for
processing the planning results.

12. which movement type do not have REVERSAL?


 121 movement is associated with 543/544 movement type. But it hasn't any reversal movement type itself.
 Check movement type 161 (Returns for purchase order) this does not have reversal movement type.
 All physical inventory movements do not have reversal movements. you have to recount if you did something
wrong.
You can easily find such info yourself. In customizing of movement types you have the section for follow-
on/reversal movements. you do a F1 technical field help to find the table, T156N, then you use SE16 to list all
entries from T156N which have no follow on movement.
13. Usage of CREDIT MEMO OR SUBSEQUENT CREDIT?
Credit memo: This functionality is used if you have performed an Invoice for quantity 100 and later you have
realized that you have to make it for only 90 then you hit a credit memo for remaining quantity 10 .Note that
during credit memo the Inventory accounts are not getting hit .It is only negation of Invoice entries. Ex :
Vendor acc Dr XXXX
GR/IR Clearing Cr XXXX
Subsequent credit: This functionality is used if you have to pay less than the PO value i.e you want to pay the
vendor less from the one defined in the PO and also reduce the Inventory Value by the Inflation caused by wrong
PO price during GR.
Ex : Lets assume that PO value is Rs 10 ,you have made GR with a inventory value of 10 Later you have realized
that the PO value should have been Rs 9 Then in such cases you hit a Subsequent Credit where the following
accounting entries take place
Vendor Acc Dr XXXX
Inventory acc /Price difference account (based on availability of stock ) Cr XXX
14. Physical Inventory Process?
Physical Inventory Process Cycle Flow:
1. Creation of physical inventory document :
Physical inventory document(s) is created individually or using the batch program.
The transaction codes for creation physical inventory are as follow
Individual Inventory documentation creation
MI01 - Individual physical inventory creation
MIS1 - Inventory Sampling document creation
MICN - Cycle count inventory document creation
o Collective Inventory document creation
MI31 - Own stock without special stock
MIK1 - Vendor consignment
MIQ1 - Project stock
MIM1 - Returnable Transpiration material
MIW1 - Customer Consignment stock
MIV1 - Returnable material with customer
MIO1 - Material provided to Vendor (Subcontracting material)
2. Print physical inventory document :
Physical Inventory document can be printed based on the physical inventory document status and or item
status. Transaction code MI21 is used to print the inventory document where print default value can be
populated
3. Count the physical stock :
Based on the inventory document printout, the warehouse person will check the stock of material
physically and note that on print out. This is completely physical process.
4. Inventory Count /Enter count in system :
On completion of physical count, the count result is needs to be entered in the system. This can be with
reference (using T.code MI04) or without reference (using T.code MI04) to the physical inventory
document.
If count quantity for that material is ZERO then select ZC (zero count) column instead of putting 0 in qty
field. If 0 is used for zero count then system will consider that as "not counted"
5. Difference List/Analyze difference :
Once count is posted in the system, difference analysis can be carried out using transaction MI20
The output gives information based on the input criteria i.e. physical inventory document, plant, material
The output gives information about the book quantity, Counted quantity, difference in quantity and value.
From this output list, you can carry out further process ie initiate recount, change count quantity, post
difference

6. Recount List/ Initiate recount and follow the steps 3,4,5:


If found unacceptable difference, recount is initiated using directly from difference analysis list
(transaction code MI20) or using transaction code MI11.
New inventory document will be created for selected items or for entire document
The original document items will be deactivated once recount is initiated so original document will not be
available for further process.
On initiating recount, you need to process same as for new count document.
7. Post the difference :
Several options are available for posting difference
Post difference after count is posted using transaction code MI07
Posting the count and inventory differences using transaction code MI08, here you have created physical
inventory but not counted so with this you can count and post difference in single step.
Entering the count without a document reference using transaction code MI10, with this you can create
inventory document, enter the count and post difference in single step.
some more points for posting difference
Posting period must be open to post inventory difference.
The fiscal year is set by specifying a planned count date when creating a physical inventory document.
Tolerance to clear difference per user group can be set in customization.
The system will generate material document for the difference qty and post the value to appropriate
account (for valuated stock)
The movement type in material document will be 701 or 702 based on gain or loss of material.
Serial Numbers in Physical Inventory
If material is managed with serial number then it is possible to carry out physical inventory for material
with serial number. There are some pre-requisite before you carry out physical inventory for serialized
materials.
Serial number profile must be maintained in the material master.
The serialization procedure MMSL (maintaining goods receipt and goods issue documents) has to be
assigned to serial number profile.
The stock check indicator in the serial number profile should be configured.
Maintain basic settings for the serial numbers in customization for Serial Number Profile.
Configure serial number management for physical inventory in the Settings for Physical Inventory step in
Customizing for Inventory Management.
15. Functional Specification?
Functional Specification is a document where u will be writing your logic for new enhancements using user exits,
for writing new reports etc... and then ABAPer will write a technical specification (Nothing but the program) based
on the function specification.
 Functional specifications are prepared for the gap's that are identified in the business which canot be mapped
directly in SAP.
 Functional spec's are prepared for the reports as well for the business transactions.
 Normally these T Codes starts with Z, say ZCS15,ZMFBF.
 Before preparing the functional spec's understand the exact business requirement.
 A Functional Spec' will be having the requester name, version , input format, detailed logic of the spec's or
requirements and the output format.
 A Functional spec can use a table, a functional module, BAPI, BADI or a recording.
 Generally this falls during Realization, final preparation, stage and also during support that is after Go-Live.
16. Testing Tools?
Testing is required before moving any development to Production. Generally SAP landscape will be Development
client, Quality client, Production client, Training client, Sand box.
Any new development will start from development client and then go to quality client and from there to
Production client. In Production client no testing will be allowed where end users/Power users will actually use
the new development.
So testing actually starts at Development client. Generally New unit testing will be created for this purpose. Once
your development is tested in unit testing client, it will be moved to quality client where you will test with more
scenarios/ with other modules.
Once your testing in QN(Quality) is Ok then proceed with moving development to Production client.
QTP can be used for testing purpose.QTP stands for Quick test professional. Procedure should be, you should load
QTP in your Machine and you can link QTP with SAP development client, unit testing client or Quality client. With
QTP, your testing will be faster and error free.
The below testing tools are followed in MM
 Unit Testing: In this we do all the technical tests like testing the data flow, logic in transformation, data loads,
query properties etc
 Integration Testing: In this we perform the function test to check that query is giving output which is
functionally correct.
 Regression Testing: If we are making changes to existing flow and query, it this testing one would like to test
that no existing functionality has changed because of newly added changes.
 Performance Testing: sometimes we write ABAP code in transformations, under this cap you may like to test the
data load performance. If data load is taking a long time, you may want to optimize the code and check the
performance again.
 Authorization Testing: in this you would like to test all the roles have been set up properly and data level access
is also working fine at query level.
Attached doc Helps us to Test for SAP Reports in Quality Environment.

17. Project activities in the project phase wise?


The success of your SAP solution is to a large degree determined by the speed and the effectiveness of the software to
add value to your organization. That is why SAP has introduced Agile ASAP; a new, practical implementation
methodology that allows you to implement operating functionality in short iterative cycles. In each cycle the team
implements the most valuable and important functionality first. This enables you to generate results faster, gain
immediate insight into the value, increase the flexibility of the implementation and improve progress monitoring
Agile ASAP 8 Methodology Phases - The Standard ASAP 8 Methodology is structured into the following phases.

1. Project preparation - This phase provides initial planning and preparation for the project. Each project has its own
unique objectives, scope, and priorities. The deliverables described in this phase assist in completing the initiation
and planning steps in an efficient and effective manner – like setup of agile project governance, project plan and
project schedule are prepared at this stage.
2. Lean blueprint - The purpose of this phase is to achieve a common understanding of how the company intends to
run SAP to support their business. It focuses on the rapid setup of solution validation environment for validation
workshops with business users to confirm scope and determine delta requirements that will be realized in the
next phase to enhance the baseline build of the system.
3. Realization - The purpose of this phase is to implement all the business process delta requirements defined during
the Lean blueprint phase. The team configures, develops, tests and documents the solution in series of time-
boxed iterations – the most valuable functionality first. Before the solution is released to next phase it is fully end-
to-end integration tested and accepted by end users.
4. Final preparation - The purpose of this phase is to complete the cutover activities (including technical and load
testing, end user training, system management and cutover rehearsal activities) to finalize your readiness to go
live. The Final Preparation phase also serves to resolve all remaining critical issues. On successful completion of
this phase, you are ready to run your business in your live SAP System.
5. Go-live support - The purpose of this phase is to move from a project-oriented, pre-production environment to
live production operation and provide sustained support to business users to aid their transition into the new
environment.
6. Operate - The purpose of this phase is to fine-tune the application lifecycle standards, processes and procedures
established during the project and align them with operation needs. The central operation platform is SAP
Solution Manager, which leverages the documented solution for system operations.

18. Cutover activities in MM module?


Cutover Activities or Master Data Uploading Strategies Depending upon the when we are going live. As per that,
you have to give the information to your core team. Cutover data is always vary from client to client, however
following would be the generalized activities for MM:

Master Data Upload


Excise Master data upload
Open Purchase Requisitions ,RFQ's, Contracts, Agreements.
Open Purchase Orders
Stock in transit needs to be closed.
Stock Upload (Qty, Amount and relevant storage location)
G/L Balances
Excise balances.
Once stocks are uploaded ,you have to take a trial balances to compare with the existing ones.
Period closing and opening activity. Configure Cut off Excise Number Range (Excise Invoice, RG registers)
as on Go-Live Dates. Back up of Loaded Production Server.
19. Gap analysis?
Gap means small cracks. In SAP world or in Information Technology world, gap analysis is the study of the
differences between two different information systems or applications( ex; existing system or legacy system with
Client and new is SAP), often for the purpose of determining how to get from one state to a new state. A gap is
sometimes spoken of as "the space between where we are and where we want to be."

Gap Analysis is undertaken as a means of bridging that space. Actual Gap Analysis is time consuming and it plays
vital role in Business Blueprint [AS IS Process] stage.

A through Gap Analysis will identify the gaps between how the business operates and its needs against what the
package can can't do. For each gap there will be one of three outcomes which must be recorded and actioned,

1. GAP must be closed and customized software can be developed


2. GAP must be closed but software cannot be written therefore a workaround is required
3. GAP does not need to be closed.
20. Material type configuration controls?
Material type controls are
Number range,
screen sequence,
User departments/ views,
Type of procurement,
Internal or external number assignment
21. Importance of source list?
Source list means list of sources (vendors)available for a particular material to procure. The purpose of source list
is for a material how many source are there to supply. Steps are follows
while creating MM01 (Material Master) in the purchasing View in other data TICK the SOURCE LIST which makes
it mandatory.
While creating Scheduling agreement you have to maintain source list in ME01
The following data are entered.
It contains material, plant, pur org, vendors with validity period from & to so that whether you can procure from
the vendor or not.
Following T.Code activities in Material Management module.
Maintain source list - ME01
Display source list - ME03
Display changes to source list - ME04
Analyze source list - ME06
Reorganize source list - ME07
Generate source list - ME05
Display source list for material- ME0M
you make the system settings that are necessary for purchasing operations carried out using source lists.
Source list requirement for materials, It may be necessary to include possible vendors of a material in the source
list before the material can be ordered.
The Source list requirement field in the purchasing data of the material master record indicates whether a source
list requirement exists for a material.
You can define the Source list requirement at plant level in IMG. Logistics -->Materials management -->
Purchasing --> Source list.
Here you can see the plants for which a source list requirement exists.
22. Import Procurement Process with accounting entries?
As material behave differently with respect to purchase of material from domestic and import market, you need
have different document type for domestic and import.
For Import, follow the steps:
1) Create Vendor and give Order Currency (USD, XEU Etc) in XK01.
2) Create Material Master and give appropriate Description Because Users should Identify Correct Material Or
Activate Split valuation.
3) Create Import Purchase order for Import Vendor with separate Document type and purchasing group.
4) Mention Duty rates (CVD, Customs, Cess on CVD, cess on Customs, HSC on CVD,HSC on Customs and ADC) and
Don't forget to mention Custom Vendor In Duty rates condition type.
5)MIRO Customs Invoice, you can Invoice in Vendor Currency as well as Indian Currency.
6) Receive the Material through MIGO, If you Correctly maintaining Customizing of Excise Duties at the Time of
MIGO u can take credit for CVD, Cess on CVD, HSC on CVD and ADC and rest of all add to your material cost.
7) In MIGO you can Capture the Excise invoice and in J1IEX post the Excise invoice.
8) After Receiving the goods and Payment to the Customs raise a Invoice for Main Vendor
The Accounting Entries are as follows
During Customs Duty Clearing invoice
Custom Clearing A/C Dr. xxxx
Custom Payable A/C Cr xxxx
During Excise Invoice Credit
Cenvat Account A/C Dr. xxxx
Custom Clearing A/C Cr. xxxx
During Invoice Verification
GR/IR Clearing A/C Dr. xxxx
Vendor Payable A/C Cr. Xxxx
23. P2P Process with accounting entries?
PURCHASE RELATED ACTIVITIES

Accounting entries get generated at the time of GR/IR, and invoice verification.

At the time of GR/IR, the following entry gets generated.

Inventory a/c Dr. xxxx

To GR/IR a/c Cr. xxxx

On doing the Invoice verification, the following entry gets generated and the liability is booked.

GR/IR a/c Dr. xxxx

To Vendor a/c Cr. xxxx

At the time of invoice verification if there are differences between GR value and IR and if stock is not available the
difference amount would go to price differences A/c.

1) PURCHASE – RAW MATERIAL

At the time of Goods Receipt the following entry gets generated (Ex. with notional figures).

For a P.O of Rs. 100(Basic 70 + Freight 10 ) (when freight is borne by the company)

Inventory (Raw-material) a/c Dr 80

To GR/IR Clearing a/c Cr. 70

To Freight clearing a/c Cr. 10

On doing the Invoice Verification, the following entry gets generated.

GR/IR Clearing a/c Dr. 70

Freight Clearing a/c Dr. 10

To Vendor a/c Cr. 70

To Vendor a/c Cr. 10


2) PURCHASE – TRADED GOODS

In case of traded goods, the entries would be as below:

On receipt of the goods

Inventory (Traded) a/c Dr. xxxx

To GR/IR Clearing a/c Cr. xxxx

On doing the Invoice Verification, the following entry is generated.

GR/IR Clearing a/c Dr. xxxx

To Vendor a/c Cr. xxxx

3) PURCHASE – CONSUMABLES

In case of Consumables, the entries would be as below:

On receipt of the Consumables

Inventory (Consumables) a/c Dr. xxxx

To GR/IR Clearing a/c Cr. xxxx

On doing the Invoice Verification, the following entry is generated.

GR/IR Clearing a/c Dr. xxxx

To Vendor a/c Cr. xxxx

4) PURCHASE – PACKING MATERIAL

In case of Packing Material, the entries would be as below:

On receipt of the Packing Material

Inventory (Packing Material) a/c Dr. xxxx

To GR/IR Clearing a/c Cr. xxxx

On doing the Invoice Verification, the following entry is generated.

GR/IR Clearing a/c Dr. x xxx

To Vendor a/c Cr. xxxx

5) IMPORT PURCHASES

In case of Import Purchases, the process remains the same but for the additional charges, which are included
inthe cost of inventory.

Te same is processed in MM module.

the following accounting entry gets generated on receipt of goods.

Inventory a/c Dr. xxxx

To GR/IR Clearing a/c Cr. xxxx


To Freight Clearing A/C Cr. xxxx

On doing the Invoice Verification, the following entry gets generated.

GR/IR Clearing a/c Dr. x xxx

Freight Clearing a/c Dr. x xxx

To Vendor a/c Cr. xxxx

To C&F Vendor Cr. xxxx

6) PURCHASE RETURNS

The transactions related to purchase returns are processed in MM.

The entries that get generated on processing such transactions are:

GR/IR a/c Dr. x xxx

To Inventory a/c Cr. Xxxx

24. Subcontracting Process?

Sub Contracting Cycle


(1) You have a material that can be procured externally, and you have maintained BOM with components. Any
waste generated and received during subcontracting process can be maintained as component with negative
quantity.
(2) You create a subcontracting PO (PO with Item Category L). You can also maintain Purchase Info Record for
Subcontract category for material and subcontractor.
(3) You make a transfer posting to issue components for SC PO. Material is sent to subcontractor. As material
remains under your ownership, system does not make any value entry. But quantity is shown as "Material
Provided to Vendor"
(4) You receive finished material against SC-PO. You also specify components consumed in manufacturing of
finished goods. Additionally, if you have negative components in BOM, now you'll also receive subcontracting by-
products. There are three events,
so three accounting entries are generated:
(for finished goods received)

FG Stock/ SC By-Product Stock Dr. xxxx


Change in Stock (FG/ SC By-Product ) Cr. Xxxx

(for moneys payable to Subcontractor)

Subcontracting Charges A/c Dr. xxxx


GR/IR Clearing A/C Cr. Xxxx

(material provided to Vendor is now charged to expense)

R Consumption (Components) A/C Dr. xxxx


Change in Stock (FG/ SC By-Product ) Cr. Xxxx
(5) You do the IV for SC Invoice, and the process is complete.

Process of Subcontract in MM/Sub-contract business process:


You want to buy material from the supplier (processed material/ assembled item) , but for some reason (quality of
certain item / price ) you will give some component to vendor .
Vendor shall process the item / use the item provided & supply the final item.
SAP process:
1.Create the finished goods material code.
2.Maintain the BOM for the material.
3.Create PO with item category as "L" .
4.Issue material to vendor with movement type 541
5.Receive the material against the PO with movement type 101.
6.MIRO to account for vendor's invoice for the service charge& material used by him.
Note:: At the Time of GR 543 Mvt is up dated for Raw Material.

Can anybody tell me how a process has to be given to subcontracting?


Suppose, I have 3 operations 1)weaving 2)dyeing 3)cutting & packing
if no 2 process (i.e Dyeing) has to be given to subcontracting, what process should i follow ?
The following process to be followed for subcontracting.
1. Item code(material master) to be created at the stage of before dyeing.
2. Item code(material master) to be created after Dyeing as subcontracted item.(F30)
3. Bill of material to be created for the material(2) calling for material(1)
4. Info record and source list to be created for material(2) with the corresponding vendor
5. PO to be released for material (2)
6.Along with PO the material(1) to be issued to vendor
7.On receipt of material when GR is made the stock with vendor will get updated.

How to Create a Subcontract Order?


To create a subcontract order, proceed as follows:
Enter the material you want to order and the item category for subcontracting (L) in the order item.
Press ENTER to display the screen for component processing.
Enter the components that the vendor requires to manufacture the product.
Please note:
u2013 You do not need to enter the date required for the components. This date is proposed by the system when
you press ENTER.
It is calculated as follows:
Delivery date of the item - Planned delivery time
u2013 If you do not want the quantity of the components to be changed if the order quantity of the end product
is altered, set the indicator Fixed quantity (column F).
u2013 You can determine whether the components are available on the date required by selecting Edit ->
Availability check.
If you entered a bill of material as the material in the subcontract order, the components are created
automatically.
If you want to determine the components in the bill of material at a later date (for example, if the bill of material
is subsequently changed), choose Item -> Component -> New BOM explosion. The existing components are
deleted and re determined in the bill of material.
Save the purchase order.
25. PO Tables ?
EINA Purchasing Info Record- General Data
EINE Purchasing Info Record- Purchasing Organization Data
MAKT Material Descriptions
MARA General Material Data
MARC Plant Data for Material
MARD Storage Location Data for Material
MAST Material to BOM Link
MBEW Material Valuation
MKPF Header- Material Document
MSEG Document Segment- Material
MVER Material Consumption
MVKE Sales Data for materials
RKPF Document Header- Reservation
T023 Mat. groups
T024 Purchasing Groups
T156 Movement Type
T157H Help Texts for Movement Types
MOFF Lists what views have not been created
26. Importance of valuation grouping code?
Valuation grouping code is used to group the valuation area to minimize the effort, In SAP using two types of
valuation area
1.Company Code, 2. Plant, But the SAP recommends you to use the valuation area at plant level, because
valuation will be differ from one plant to another, if need we can maintain the valuation area at company level
also accounts, The valuation grouping code makes it easier to set automatic account determination. Within the
chart of, based on our requirement to define individual account determination for certain valuation areas or,to
define common account determination for several valuation areas
we can maintain the valuation group code in OMWD for the valuation area as Plant or Company within the chart
of account and OBYC

27. Account determination logic?


SAP MM Role in Account Determination :
This account determination is for MM settings u2013 Rajgeetha
Account determination is based for combination of valuation grouping code, general modifier/account modifier,
valuation class in SAP MM.
This will be defined for particular transaction event key. Transaction event key will inturn be defined for each
movement type of SAP MM.
Basically GL account are assigned for certain combination of above.
To put down in flowchart format-
- Movement type-
- Transaction event key
- GL account determination (one debit and one credit)- based on below combination
- Valuation grouping code (see definition below)
- Account modifier (see definition below)
- Valuation class (see definition below)
SAP will see transaction is made in MM, it searches the transaction event key from movement types. Based on
valuation grouping code, account modifier and valuation class, determination will be done for GL account for
debit and credit.
Some definitions and assignments
1) SAP MM Valuation grouping code: It is maintained as part of plant configuration same for all plants within
company code having same chart of account.
This will be applicable only if valuation control is active for organization
2) SAP MM Account modifier: This is defined in each movement type. There may be more than one account
modifier per movement type based on combinations of different special stock, movement indicator, consumption
type.
3) SAP MM valuation class: This is maintained in material master. Material type is taken from material master.
Account category reference is taken from material type which in turn is assigned to valuation class. GL account are
assigned to valuation class
Example:
Material 1016101 is received in stock for plant SEPC by movement 101 in SAP MM.
1) Valuation class determination from material master of 1016101.
2) Valuation grouping code determination based on plant SEPC
3) Account modifier will be taken from movement type 101
4) Transaction event key will be always BSX for inventory posting. (that is programmed) and also defined in
movement type
In account assignment, for combination of above GL account determination as we saw in above hierarchy.
28. Usage of split valuation?
Split Valuation will be used to identify material quantity and value based on characteristics.
Characteristics are
1.Domestic/Import
2.External Purchase / Internal purchase
3.Purchase /In-house Manufacturing
4. New/Repaired/ to be repaired
The characteristics is also called as valuation type, valuation type will be assigned to valuation category. Valuation
category will be maintained to materials master accounting view.
For activating split valuation for a material, there should nt be any stock. If you have stock, then issue the stock to
cost center in MB1A with movement type 201. Now, you can activate split valuation for the material. Maintain the
master data for all the required valuation types accordingly.
Now, you can use MB1A with 202 movement type to return the material against the same cost center (which is
used in goods issue). You can activate the field "Ext. GA amount in LC" for 202 movement (for MB1A transaction)
in the transaction OMBW transaction as shown below:

Now, while doing 202 in MB1A, you can enter the correct stock (10 in your case) and stock value (value in the
field Ext. GA amount in LC : 1000 in your case) against the corresponding valuation type.
Test the scenario and revert back in case of any issues.
29. Importance of changeability Indicator?
I'm a newbie is SAP MM and currently doing support for Logistics team. I would like to ask few questions
regarding changeability in release indicator that we used in release strategy in PO. Currently I having a doubt with
my existing release strategy for PO.
Existing configuration used changeability 2 - "Changeable, no new determination strategy" in the release indicator
R (Released), which means after all approvers approved the PO any changes are allowed in the PO including
values and quantity and system will not retrigger the release strategy.
This will allow buyers to change values and quantity again after the PO approved without approvers knew it and
send it to vendor which is for me is wrong process and how SAP tackle this issue.
Thus I would like to know actually what is the use of changeability 2 in the PO release indicator.
30. Movement Controls and usage?
Movement Types
In Inventory Management, movement types play a central role as the instrument for controlling goods receipt,
goods issue, and posting change activities. For every goods movement, you therefore have to specify a three-
character key to identify the movement type that controls the movement. In the SAP ECC standard system, for
example, the key 101 describes the movement type "goods receipt" either
for a purchase order or a work order.
The system uses movement indicators to differentiate between goods receipts postings for purchase orders and
those for work orders. Movement indicator B stands for a goods movement for a purchase order, whereas
movement indicator F stands for a goods movement for a work order. The system determines the movement
indicator for the movement type on the basis of the transaction code of the transaction used for the posting
activity.
The movement type not only specifies the direction of the goods movement, it also decides on the update of the
stock and consumption accounts and the screen layout of the transactions for the movement posting. Basic
settings for batch management and shelf-life expiration data management are also made at movement type level.
Warehouse Management also has movement types which, similar to their counterparts in Inventory
Management, control the process flow in the warehouse. In particular, Warehouse Management movement types
influence the interim storage area to be used (the organizational bridge between Inventory Management and
Warehouse Management). You link the movement types from Inventory Management to the Warehouse
Management movement types in Customizing to ensure a technical connection between WM and IM. For
example, if a goods receipt for a purchase order or work order is posted using Inventory Management movement
type 101 to a storage location with Warehouse Management, the system determines the corresponding
Warehouse Management movement type and, depending on the settings for the WM movement type, generates
stock in a “goods receipt” interim storage area.
31. From where FI integration will start?
Integration FI with MM
Integration of SAP FI with MM is done at OBYC.
Let me elaborate... In MM you purchase goods and to which you pay, the purchasing process has the following
steps:
Step1: First you send a Purchase Order to the Vendor.
Here there won't be any accounting entry as this is simply like telling the Vendor what goods you want, its
quantity and the date of delivery etc.,
Step 2: You will receive the Goods to the Purchase Order.
When you receive Goods you CAN NOT make the following entry
Inventory A/c Dr
To Vendor A/c
because, some of the goods you have received may be damaged or may not be upto the mark or for any other
reason goods may reject, so before posting it to Vendor A/c we keep it in separate place till we verify the goods.
And the actual entry will be:
Inventory A/c Dr (Transaction Key BSX @ OBYC)
To GR/IR A/c (Transaction Key WRX @ OBYC)
Here the goods received is Debited to inventory and Credited to a temporary A/c i.e., GR/IR a/c
Step 3: You will post an Invoice to the Goods received.
Here you will post the invoice after you are satisfied with the goods received, the entry will be
GR/IR A/c Dr
To Vendor A/c
Now the goods are moved from GR/IR A/c and Vendor is Credited. Now you got the final entry of Goods to Vendor
Account i.e.
Inventory A/c Dr
To Vendor A/c
i.e., Inventory A/c was Debited and Vendor A/c was Credit and GR/IR A/c is Dr and also Credited hence its balance
became 'Zero', and it has to be Zero always.
Step 4: And make Payment to Vendor.
Vendor A/c Dr
To Bank Clearing A/c
Step 5: At the time of Bank Statement upload:
Bank Clearing A/c Dr
To Bank Main A/c

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