Building Laws

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1. ALLOWABLE The maximum portion of the lot 6. BASES FOR Type of occupancy or use of building
MAXIMUM BUILDING that may be occupied by the COMPUTING Cost of construction (per sq. m. based on
FOOTPRINT (AMBF building/structure at grade level BUILDING classification)
after satisfying setback, yard and PERMIT FEES Area
court requirement (Rule VIII). Height
The area of the AMBF is
7. BP 220 Revised Rules and Standards for Economic
measured from the outermost face
and Socialized Housing Projects
of the exterior walls of the
proposed building/structure. All 8. BP 220 Scope Economic Housing: house and lot package at
areas outside of the AMBF but of P300,OOO - P1.25M • Socialized Housing:
within lot lines shall be Application house and lot package at P300,OOO or less
considered open spaces, i.e., Economic and socialized housing refers to
impervious or unpaved. housing units which are within the
affordability level of average and low-income
2. ALLOWABLE The limit of the total volume of
earners which is 30% of the gross family
MAXIMUM VOLUME space that can be occupied by a
income as determined by NEDA from time to
OF BUILDING (AMVB) proposed bUilding/structure
time.
Above-Grade above grade level. the AMVB is an
imaginary prism within the fully 9. BP 344 Accessibility Law
enclosed areas and courts of a 10. Building Absolutely no firewalls are allowed for a low
proposed building/structure shall Footprint and density residential (R-1) uses or occupancies;
frt. It is generally determined by Firewall (carport 7mtrs or 50% of side, which ever is
multiplying the AMBF for the lot Requirements smaller
by the applicable BHL for the lot - R1
and thereafter deducting the
volume of space at the top part of 11. Building medium density residential (R-2) uses or
the prism to satiSfy natural light Footprint and occupancies, a firewall can be erected on a
and ventilation requirements for Firewall maximum of 80% of the total length of a side
RROW and front yards and to Requirements property line (85% side, 65% perimeter) or
satisfy incremental setback - R2 (90% side, 100% rear if 4mtrs. wide)
requirements. The AMVB is 12. Building high-density residential (R-3) uses or
expressed in cubic meters (cu. m) Footprint and occupancies, two (2) types of firewall
3. AUTOMATIC FIRE an integrated system of Firewall construction may be permitted (85% side,
SUPPRESSION SYSTEM underground or overhead piping Requirements 50% rear)
or both connected to a source of - R3
extinguishing agent or medium 13. Building townhouse residential (R-4) uses or
which Footprint and occupancies, firewalls on the two (2) sides of
4. BASEMENT The actual land area occupied by Firewall each townhouse unit may be permitted (75%
FOOTPRINT the basement component of the Requirements side, 50% perimeter)
building/structure at below-grade - R4
level. It is measured from the 14. Building residential condominium (R-5) uses or
outermost face of the basement Footprint and occupancies, two (2) types of firewall
walls of the building/structure. Firewall construction may be permitted (65% side,
5. BASEMENT/BASEMENT The portion of the Requirements 50% rear)
LEVEL building/structure below - R5
naturallfinished grade; during aU 15. Building the maximum height to be allowed for
excavation, construction and Height Limit buildings/structures based on their proposed
backfill work for basements, the (BHL) use or occupancy;
applicable provisions of the Code
governing protection of adjacent
properties must be strictly
observed.
16. Characteristics structural hazards
of Dangerous fire hazards
Buildings unsafe electrical wiring
unsafe mechanical installation
inadequate sanitation/plumbing and
health facilities
architectural deficiency
17. Classes of Fire Class A- ordinary combustible materials
based causes such as wood. cloth. paper, rubber and
plastics
Class B- flammable liquids and gases
Class C- energized electrical equipment
Class 0- combustible metals such as
magnesium. sodium. potassium
18. Classification sixteen (16) storeys or taller in height, i.e.,
of Building from forty eight (48.00) m above
Height - High established grade; elevators; fire escapes,
Rise sprinkler systems, arresters, beacons and
other safety systems, particularly if near
airports, are mandatory for all high-rise
buildings/structures.
19. Classification from one (1) storey up to five (5) storeys in
of Building height. i.e., from three (3.00) m up to a
Height - Low maximum of fifteen (15.00) m above
Rise established grade; while not generally
requiring an elevator if the
building/structure is for purely residential
use, fire escapes and other safety systems
are mandatory for all lOW-rise
buildings/structures;
20. Classification from six (6) storeys up to fifteen (15) storeys
of Building in height, i.e., form eighteen (18.00) m up
Height - Med to a maximum of forty five (45.00) m above
Rise established grade; elevators; fire escapes,
sprinkler systems and other safety systems
are mandatory for all medium-rise
buildings/structures;
21. COURT An occupied space between the faces of the
building lines and a yard or another court,
free, open and unobstructed from the
ground upward.
• Inner Court - a court bounded on all sides
or around its periphery by building lines.
• Open Court - a court bound on three sides
by building lines with one (1) side bounded
by another open space whether public or
private.
• Through Court - a court bounded on two
(2) OPPOSite sides by building lines with
the other opposite sides bounded by other
open spaces whether public or private.
22. EDUCATIONAL: Every room or space with a capacity of
No. of Exits over 50 persons or over 93 sq. m in area
shall have at least 2 doorways providing
access to separate exits; where egress is
through corridors, shall open to a
common corridor leading to separate exits
in opposite directions.
23. EDUCATIONAL: classroom -1.80 sq. m/person
occupant load shops, laboratories, vocational rooms -
1.40 sq. m/person
dry nurseries wI sleeping facilities - 3.25
sq. m/person
24. Fire Safety in • main exit must accommodate 1/2 of
Places of occupant load • travel distance not to
Assembly exceed 46 meters if not protected by
automatic fire suppression; 61 meters if
protected
25. FLOOR PLATE The gross expanse of a floor measured
from the outermost edges of floor slabs
and which mayor may not be
representative of the typical floor of a
proposed building/structure.
26. FLOOR TO The perpendicular distance or vertical
FLOOR HEIGHT measurement between the uppermost
surfaces (finish level) of two (2)
successive floors of a proposed
building/structure. The generally
recommended minimum vertical distance
between such uppermost surfaces (or
finish levels) is three (3.00)m.
27. FLOOR TO LOT Is the ratio between the Gross
AREA RATIO Floor Area (GFA) of a building/structure
(FLAR) OR and the Total Lot Area (TLA) of the
FLOOR AREA lot/property on which it stands.
RATIO (FAR) The FLAR is determined by dividing the
GFA of a building/structure by the TLA.
The GFA of any proposed or
existing building/structure should not
exceed the prescribed FLAR multiplied by
the TLA
28. GROSS FLOOR the total floor space within the perimeter
AREA (GFA) of the permanent external building walls
(inclusive of main and auxiliary
buildings) such as office areas, residential
areas, corridors, lobbies and mezzanine
levells. The GFA shall also include
building projections which may serve as
floors or platforms that are directly
connected to/integrated with areas within
the building/structure, e.g., balconies and
the GFA excludes the following:
29. MAXIMUM The combined total of the Maximum 40. Occupancy Business & Mercantile
ALLOWABLE Allowable PSO and the Maximum Classification -
CONSTRUCTION Allowable ISA expressed as a percentage Group E
AREA (MACA) (%) of the TLA. The MACA specifically
41. Occupancy Industrial
excludes the USA.
Classification -
30. Maximum The percentage (%) of the maximum Group F
Allowable allowable floor area of any paved. tiled or
42. Occupancy Storage & Hazardous
IMPERVIOUS hardscaped surface at the ground
Classification -
SURFACE AREA floor/grade level (located outside the
Group G
(ISA) main building/structure) in relation to
the Total Lot Area or TLA. 43. Occupancy Assembly buildings for less than 1000
Classification - occupants
31. Maximum A quality related to the Maximum
Group H
Allowable Allowable Building Footprint (AMBF)
PERCENTAGE under Rule VII and the Total Lot Area 44. Occupancy Assembly buildings more than 1000
OF SITE (TLA) under this Rule via the equation Classification - occupants
OCCUPANCY "PSO equals ( = ) AMBF divided by ( + ) Group I
(PSO) TLAn. The PSO is expressed as the 45. Occupancy Accessory
percentage (%) of the maximum Classification -
allowable enclosed floor area of any Group J
building/structure at the ground
46. OUTERMOST The outermost and topmost vertical or
floor/grade level in relation to the TLA.
FACES OF angular planes of a proposed
The PSO includes the footprints of both
BUILDINGS building/structure that shall govern the
the main and auxiliary building but
(OFB) limits of its walls and roof. It is primarily
specifically excludes the basement
determined by first vertically projecting the
footprint
outermost lines of the AMBF (wherein the
32. Min. setback for Front - 4.5 height of vertical projection is governed by
residential Bldg. Side - 2 the BHL). To then set the roof height limit
R-1 Rear 2 and configuration (as well as to determine
33. Min. setback for Basic: the limit and configuration (as well as to
residential Bldg. Front - 3 determine the limits of incremental setbacks
R-2 & R-3 Side - 2 applicable to the height of the proposed
Rear - 2 building/structure), a diagonal line (or
Max: plane) at an allowed angle or slope must
Front - 8 then be drawn from the center of the
Side - 2 RROW. The intersection of the angular
Rear -2 plane and the vertical prism based on the
AMBF (the ''footprint prism") shall
34. Min. setback for Front- 4.5
complete the applicable OFB for the lot.
residential Bldg. Side - 2 optional
R-4 Rear - 2 47. OUTERMOST The outermost horizontal limit of
LIMITS OF projections, i.e., canopies, porte cocheres.
35. Min. setback for Front -6
BUILDING balconies, eaves. roofs, decks, terraces and
residential Bldg. Side - 3
PROJECTIONS the like) from a proposed building/structure
R-5 Rear - 3
(OLBP) above the first floor. The horizontal
36. Occupancy Residential Dwellings projections must not exceed sixty percent
Classification - (60%) of the prescribed setback for a given
Group A property line. The OBLP will result in
another imaginary prism (the "projections
37. Occupancy Residential, Hotels and appartments
prism") within which the fully enclosed
Classification -
areas and courts of a proposed
Group B
building/structure plus all of its projections
38. Occupancy Educational & Recreation shall frt.
Classification -
48. P.D. 1096 National Building Code
Group C
39. Occupancy Institutional 49. P.D. 1185 The fire code of the Philippines
Classification - August 26,1977
Group D
50. P.D. 9514 The revised Fire Code of the 66. PLACES OF concentrated use wlo fixed seats such as an
Philippines of 2008 ASSEMBLY: auditorium, church, dance floor, lodge
Appproved by GMA dec. 19, 2008 OCCUPANT room
LOAD - 0.65 sq. m/person
51. PD 957 THE SUBDIVISION AND
less concentrated use such as conference
CONDOMINIUM BUYER'S
room, dining room, exhibit room,
PROTECTIVE DECREE AND OTHER
gymnasium
RELATED LAWS
- 1.4 sq. m/person
52. PD 957 : Houses Front - 3m standing room or waiting space - 0.28 sq.
Min Setbacks Side- 2m m/person
Rear - 2m
67. PODIUM The fully enclosed component of the
53. PD 957 : Land 70% saleable building/structure situated between the
Allocation 30% openspace established grade and the first of atypical
54. PD 957 : Min 8m floor of the bUilding/structure's tower
Frontage component; the podium for a C-3 use or
occupancy shall not be higher than twelve
55. PD 957 : SDU Min. Corner - 12m
(12) storeys (or 36.00 m from established
Frontage Reg. - 10m
grade)
iregular - 6m
Interior - 3m 68. PROJECTION Any structurally attached portion of a
building/structure thatis outside its
56. PD 957 : Selling Open Market ~ Above P2,000,000
outermost walls and which perform a utility
Price Medium-Cost - P500,000-P2,000,000
or aesthetic function, e.g .• roof/eaves,
57. PD 957: Dup-SA Open Market 96 sqm trellis, canopy (media agua), porte cachere,
Lot Area Med Cost 80 sqm balcony, decks, deck/cantilevered terraces
58. PD 957: Houses Open Market - 42 sq.m. sun-breaker, cantilevers, signage support,
Min. Floor Areas Med Cost - 30 sq.m. flag and lighting support,
gondolas/window cleaning systems and
59. PD 957: Rowhouse Open Market - 60sqm the like, a building projection is situated
Min Lot areas Medium Cost - 50 sqm between the imaginary footprint prism and
projections prism.
Min. Frontage - 4m
69. RA 4726 Condominium Act
60. PD 957: SDU Min. Open Market: 120 sq.m.
Lot Areas Med Cost: 100 sq.m. 70. RA 7279 The Urban Development and Housing Act

61. PD 1151 Philippine Envirinmental Policy 71. RAMPS Class B ramp - 10-17% every fire section
shall have, in addition to the horizontal
62. PLACES OF 4 exits
exit or exits at least 1 stairway, doorway
ASSEMBLY: No. of
leading outside, or other standard exit
exits Class A - 1000
+ 72. RESIDENTIAL: 18.6/person
Occupant Load
63. PLACES OF 2 exits
ASSEMBLY: No. of
exits Class B - 50 -
300
64. PLACES OF 3 exits
ASSEMBLY: No. of
exits Class B -
600+
65. PLACES OF 2 exits
ASSEMBLY: No. of
exits Class B -300-
600
73. RROW If only one (1) RROW services a lot and such 82. Types of Steel, iron concrete masonry, inconbustible
Based height is only 6.00 to 7.00 meters wide, a BHL Construction construction for walls ceiling & permanent
limitation ofthree (3) storeys (or 9.00 meters maximum) Type IV partitions
shall be observed regardless of use or
83. Types of Structural elements of steel, iron, concrete or
occupancy, lot size, lot dimensions, lot
Construction masonry
frontage and like considerations.
Type IV
• If only one (1) RROW services a lot and such
is only 4.00 to 5.00 meters wide, a BHL 84. Window NOt provided with Artificial ventilation is
equivalent to 2 Ya storeys (or 7.50 meters Openings equal or at least 10% of the floor area
maximum) shall be observed regardless of use 85. YARD The vacant space left between the outermost
or occupancy, lot size, lot dimensions, lot face of the building/structure and the property
frontage and like considerations. lines, e.g., front, rear, right and left side
• If only one (1) RROW services a lot and such yards.
is only 3.00 meters wide or less, a BHL
equivalent to two (2) storeys (or 6.00 meters
maximum) shall be observed regardless of use
or occupancy, lot size, lot dimensions, lot
frontage and like considerations.
74. SETBACK The horizontal distance measured ninety
degrees {90°} from the outermost face of the
building/structure to the property lines.
75. STOREY That portion of a building/structure included
between the uppermost surface (or finish
level) of any floor and the uppermost surface
(or finish level) of the next floor above or
below it.
76. TOTAL the total floor space within the main and
GROSS auxiliary buildings primarily conSisting of the
FLOOR GFA and all other enclosed support areas
AREA together with all other usable horizontal
(TGFA) areaS/surfaces above and below established
grade level that are all physically attached to
the building/s which shall consists of the
following:
77. TOTAL The total open space required for each type of
OPEN SPACE use or occupancy for a given lot. It is the
WITHIN portion of the lot consisting of the ISA and the
LOT (TOSL) USA combined and expressed as a percentage
(%) of the Total Lot Area (TLA)
78. TOWER The fully enclosed component of the
building/structure situated between the
podium component and the roof of the
building/structure; the tower shall not be
higher than five (5) times the height of the
podium.
79. Types of Wood Construction
Construction
Type I
80. Types of Wood with 1 hour fire resistive materials
Construction
Type II
81. Types of Masonry & wood
Construction
Type III