UNIT 31,32&33: QUANTITY APRIL 1st, 2019

I. QUANTITY: SOME, ANY

QUANTITY USAGES
1. used with plural countable nouns, and uncountable nouns in positive sentences.
E.g. There are some books in that cupboard.
2. used in questions that are invitations, offers or requests.
E.g. Would you like some pizza?
Some 3. used in questions when we expect the answer yes.
E.g. Have you got some homework to give me?
4. means 'not all'.
E.g. Some of the people / Some people were drowned, but others survived.

1. used with plural countable nouns, in questions and negatives.

E.g. Are there any books in that cupboard?
There aren't any books in this one.
2. used with uncountable nouns in questions and negatives with a singular verb.
Any
E.g. 15 there any information about this subject?
There isn't any water left.
3. means 'whichever one you like'.
E.g. You can borrow any books you need from the library

II. QUANTITY: MUCH, MANY, FEW, LITTLE, ENOUGH, A LOT (LOTS) OF, PLENTY OF
1. MUCH, MANY

FORM QUANTITY EXAMPLES

much + uncountable noun
Positive
many + countable plural noun
not/too much + uncountable noun
Negative
not/too many + countable plural noun
How much + uncountable noun …?
Question
How many + countable plural noun
 Many people hunt wild animals for sport.
 Much damage has been caused by this kind of
hunting.
 If we want to save the tiger, there isn't much time
left.
 There aren't many tigers left in the world today
 How much water is there on Earth?
 How many tigers are there in the world today?

2. FEW, LITTLE

FORM QUANTITY EXAMPLES

a few + countable plural noun
Positive
a little + uncountable noun
few + countable plural noun
Negative
little + uncountable noun
 We managed to see a few tigers in the distance.
 There is a little water left in this bottle.
 Unfortunately, few conservationists believe that
tigers in the wild have a future.
 There is little hope that tigers will survive, as they
have very little space for their natural habitat.

3. ENOUGH (OF)

FORM QUANTITY EXAMPLES

enough + countable/ uncountable
Positive  There are enough plates for everyone.
noun
not enough + countable/ uncountable
Negative  There is not enough information about this problem.
noun
1
 4. A LOT OF, LOTS OF, PLENTY OF
plenty of
a lot of + countable/ uncountable noun
lots of
a large/ great number of + countable plural noun
a large amount of + uncountable noun
a great deal of
III. QUANTITY: ALL (OF), MOST (OF), NO (NONE OF), EACH, EVERY
1. ALL (OF), MOST (OF), NO (NONE OF).
All/ most/ some/ no (+ adj) + plural noun/
uncountable noun
All of/ most of/ some of/ none of + determiner/
pronoun + plural noun/ uncountable noun
Determiner: the, my, his, this, …
None of: 'not one' of a group
Most of: 'nearly all'
2. EVERY, EACH
Each + singular noun
Each of + determiner + noun
Each of + pronoun
mean the separate members of a group.
Every + singular noun,
means all the members of a group
together.
3. BOTH (OF), EITHER (OF), NEITHER (OF)
Both + plural noun + plural verb
Both of + determiner/ possessive + plural noun
Both of + pronoun
refers to two things
both is used after be, between auxiliary
and participle, between modal and verb.
Either + singular noun + singular verb.
Either of + the + plural noun/ pronoun
means 'this or the other'
 She has got a great deal of homework today.
 There’s plenty of milk in the fridge.
 A large number of students in this school are good.
 I saw lots of flowers in the garden yesterday.
 A large amount of air pollution comes from industry.
All children are fond of candy.
Most cheese is made from cow’s milk.
There are no rooms available.
All classical music sends me to sleep.
Some of those people are very friendly.
Most of her friends live abroad.
 We put 50 cc of water in each test tube.
 Each of the house has a backyard
 We put 50 cc of water in each of the test tubes / each
of them.
Every person in the c1ass took part in the play
 Both books were written in 1986.
 You are both wrong.
 You have both made a mistake.
 You must both be more careful.
 Both of the pencils were broken.
 Both of my pencils were broken.
 Both of you are wrong.
 There are two methods. Either method will give
results.
 Either of the methods will give results.
 You can use either of them. (either of + pronoun)
2
Neither + singular noun + singular verb.  These are incorrect answers. Neither is correct.
Neither of + the + plural noun/ pronoun  Neither of the answers is correct.
mean 'not this or the other'.  Neither of them is correct. (neither of + pronoun)

IV. EXERCISE
Ex 3 – p. 123;
Ex 3 – p. 127;
Ex 4, 5 – p. 128;
Ex 7 – p. 129;
Ex 3, 4 – p. 132;
Ex 6 – p. 133.