 Minister for defense production: Zubaida Jala

 Interior Minister of Afghanistan:

 Defense Minister of Afghanistan: Asad Ullah Khalid
 Head of Intelligence of IB:
 Bull in a China Shop:
One who is aggressive and clumsy in a situation that requires delicacy and care
 Pakistan got test status in 1952:
 Left Hard and dry: to leave someone in a difficult situation without any help.
 Carrot and Stick Policy:
 HQ of international Criminal Court: Hague Netherland
 HQ of International Whaling Comission: Impington, United Kingdom
 HQ of Pakistan Naval War College is in Lahore
 The British Airways first started operating the London-Islamabad route in 1976.
 CM of Baluchistan is Jam Kamal Khan.
 OIC has 57 members
 KPK Right to Information (RTI) Act 2013.
 Pakistan government adopted the RTI in 2002 and Afghanistan in 2014.
 Governor of State Bank of Pakistan is Tariq Bajwa.
 Wee Hours: the early hours of the morning, between twelve o'clock at night and
the time when the sunrises.
 Salahuddin Rabbani is the foreign Minister of Afghanistan
 To Fight to Bitter End: To fight to the last point. Continue doing it until it is completely
finished.
 To Bite One’s Lip: To feel sorry.
 To Play Fast and Loose: To beguile others.
 To Read between the Lines: Grasp the meaning.
 To see Eye to Eye: To take revenge.
 To Give Currency: To make publicly known.
 To Set the People By Ears: To insult and disgrace the people.
 To blow hot and cold: To be inconsistent.
 To Cock a snook at somebody: To ridicule someone.
 To show one’s teeth: To ridicule.
 To pull one’s sock up: To get ready.
 To hit the nail on the head: To guess right
 To show the white feather: To show signs of cowardice
 To be as old as the hills: To be very ancient
 To pour oil in troubled water : To foment trouble
 Take the wind out of someone's sails: to make someone feel disappointed or less
hopeful, to make someone feel less confident, usually by saying or doing
something unexpected.
 Mind one's P's and Q's: Practice good manners, be precise and careful in one's behavior
and speech.
 To carry the coal to Newcastle: To do something that is obviously superfluous.
 To turn amuck: To feel exhausted.
 A penny for your thoughts: Ask somebody what he is thinking.
 Fine tooth comb: Examine something in detail.
 "Dance with the death”: Doing something that is very risky.
 Scratch someone's back: To do someone a favour.
 Obloquy: a strongly condemnatory utterance, abusive language.
 Insouciance: casual lack of concern; indifference. a relaxed and happy way of
behaving without feeling worried or guilty. I admired his youthful insouciance.
 A linguist is a person who has studied or is interested in the science of language.
A polyglot is a person who can speak, read or write in several languages.
 Hunky-Dory: If events or situations are hunky-dory, they are very satisfactory and pleasant.
 Parochial: having a limited or narrow outlook or scope.
 Equivocal: Unclear
 Satya Nadela is the CEO of Microsoft.
 Gruesome (Larza Khez) : Extremely unpleasant and shocking, and usually dealing with death or injury.
The newspaper article included a gruesome description of the murder.
 Bemoan (Afsoos Karna): To complain or express sadness about something. Researchers
at universities are always bemoaning their lack of funds.
 Moribund (Marnein Wala): (especially of an organization or business) not active or successful. How
can the department be revived from its present moribund state?
 Kartarpur Corridor is 4 km long.
 G20 was established in 1999.
 Pakistan is the Fifth largest country of the world. (1) China, (2) India, (3) USA (4) Indonesia (5)
Pakistan
 Current population of Pakistan is 20.8 Million.
 Population Growth rate of Pakistan is 2.4%
 Amenities (Saholiat): A desirable or useful feature or facility of a building or place. The pleasantness or
attractiveness of a place
 Vituperate (Gandi Zuban main Malamat Karna): A vituperative spoken or written attack is full of angry
criticism. Miss Snowden yesterday launched a vituperative attack on her ex-boss and former lover.
 Circuitous (Hair Pher say, Ghuma Phira kar)
 Prevaricate (Taal Matol, Heela Bahana Karana): to avoid telling the truth or saying exactly what
you think. He accused the minister of prevaricating.
 Exude: If you exude love, confidence, pain, etc., you show that you have a lot of that feeling. She just
exudes confidence.
 Vagrant (Awara, Khana Badosh): a person who is poor, does not have a home or job, and moves
from place to place. The town has shelters and food handouts for vagrants.
 Wield (Qaboo main rakhna): to have a lot of influence or power over other people. He still
wields enormous influence in politics.
 Saudi Dynasty was started by Muhammad bin Saud.
 Hermetic (Hawa Band): (of a seal or closure) Complete and alright.
 Cajole (Chaplosi Karna): persuade (someone) to do something by sustained coaxing or flattery. He
really knows how to cajole people into doing what he wants.
 Cajole and wheedle are synonyms
 Bonhomie (Kushada, Khush Dil): Friendliness and Happiness. There was a lot
of cheerful bonhomie amongst the people on the trip.
 Gaunt (Marial, Sokha, Laghar): Very thin, especially because of sickness or hunger. Her face was gaunt
and grey.
 Gingerly (Aehteat say, Dartay Dartay): in a way that is careful or cautious. Holding her painful back,
she sat down gingerly on the bench.
 Haggard (Thaka Hua): Looking ill or tired, often with dark skin under the eyes. He'd
been drinking the night before and was looking a bit haggard.
 Gaunt and Haggard are synonyms.
 Dissolute (Badmash, Badkirdar) Living in a way other people disapprove.
 Parry (Nijat, Hamlay ko rokna): To defend yourself from a weapon or an attack by
pushing the weapon away or by putting something between your body and the weapon.
To manage cleverly to avoid dealing with a difficult question or some criticism.
 Eccentric (Sanki, Nirala): Strange or unusual, sometimes in a humorous way.
 Listless (Be Tawajah, Be Parwah): having no energy and enthusiasm and unwilling to do
anything needing effort. He's seemed listless and a little depressed ever since he got his exam results.

 The mother of all: Something regarded as the biggest, most impressive, or most important
of (its kind)
 To Eat Humble Pie: to admit that you were wrong. To be forced to acknowledge one's deficiencies or
errors

 Sitting on the Fence: To describe a person's lack of decisiveness, neutrality or hesitance to choose
between two sides in an argument or a competition, or inability to decide due to lack of courage.

 Cut to the chase: Come to the point. To talk about or deal with the important parts of a subject and
not waste time with things that are not important.

 Cut the mustard: To work or operate in a satisfactory manner.

 Burst someone's bubble: Shatter someone's illusions about something or destroy their sense of well-
being. to bring someone back to reality, especially if they are dreaming or fantasizing about

 Curiosity killed the cat: Being inquisitive about other people's affairs may get you into trouble.

 To Pick up the Gauntlet:

To accept or attempt a challenge or invitation, as to fight, argue, or compete.

 Odds and Ends: Various things of different types, usually small and not important, or of
little value.

 To cool one’s Heels: Be kept waiting.

 Back to Drawing Board: To Start after failure.

 A Dime a Dozen: Very common and of no particular value.

 Cut the Gordian Knot: Solve or remove a problem in a direct or forceful way, rejecting gentler or
more indirect methods.
 Primorse Path: The pursuit of pleasure, especially when it is seen to bring disastrous
consequences.

 Whole Nine Yards: Everything the Whole.

 To put One Hand’s to play: To Take a difficult task

 To Give a cold shoulder: To Ignore

 Passed Himself off: Pretended to be a

 Pull your socks up: make an effort to improve one's work, performance, or behavior

 Cap it all: Finish something.

 Never Never Land: A utopian dreamland. An ideal Place.

 Tip Someone off: To Give Someone Valuable information.

 An arms and legs: An expensive thing

 Elephant in the room: If you say there is an elephant in the room, you mean that there is an
obvious problem or difficult situation that people do not want to talk about.

 Ace in the Hole: A hidden advantage or resource kept in reserve until needed.

 A Hot Potato: A controversial issue or situation which is awkward to deal with.

 Like a sitting Duck: Something that is unprotected and vulnerable to an easy attack

 Let the Grass grow under feet: Loiter.

 Spill the beans: Reveal the Secret.

 Get Someone Goat: Irritate Someone.

 Black and Blue: Something that is unprotected and vulnerable to an easy attack.

 Go Dutch Means: Share the cost of something, especially a meal, equally.

 Drop a Dime: To be informant.

 Chew the fat means: Chat in a leisurely and prolonged way.

 Best of both Worlds: A win-win situation. A situation in which one can get the
advantage of two different or contrasting things at the same time. A situation where one
can enjoy the benefit of two different opportunities

 Bird Brain: A person who lacks intelligence or who makes stupid decisions.

 Basket Case: A person or thing regarded as useless or unable to cope.

 Catch a Tartar: To deal with someone or something that proves unexpectedly

Troublesome or powerful.

 Far Cry From: Very Different from.

 Your guess is as good as mine means: something you say when you do
not know the answer to a question.

 At the Drop of the Hat: Done easily, without any preparation.

 Turn Heads: To attract a lot of attention

 Feel Blue: Be depressed or sad.

 Couch Potato: Used when someone watches too much television. A Lazy Individual.

 Fender Bender: A small car accident.

 One trick pony: Someone or something that is skilled in only one area. Someone or
something that has success only once

 Hell hath no fury: like a woman scorned

 Kerch Strait connects Black Sea with Sea of Azov.

 According to Henely Passport Index, Pakistan has access to 33 countries.

 Country and Number of Active Volcanoes Indonesia – 139, Iceland – 130, Japan – 112, Chile
– 104, Ethiopia - 57. Papua New Guinea - 53. Philippines - 50. Mexico - 43.
 Vatican City is one of the few widely recognized independent states that has not become a
member of the United Nations. The Holy See, which is distinct from Vatican City State, has permanent
observer status with all the rights of a full member except for a vote in the UN General Assembly.

 Japanese call their country popularly as Nippon or Nihon. In kanji (a form of language. Its
written from left to right style and has chinese origin) that makes up Japan's name means ' land of
rising sun'.

 The Gevora Hotel (Dubai) stands at 356 metres and has 528 rooms. It is one meter taller than
the previous record holder, the JW Mariott Marquis, which is also in Dubai

 Norway is not a part of European Union.

 3rd May is World Press Freedom Day.

 22nd April is World Earth Day.

 Lake Pontchartain Causeway (in USA) is the world longest bridge.

 The world longest bridge, Danyang- Kunshan Grand Bridge is in China

 Indonesia is an archipelago of 17,500 Islands.

 Up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in size to
smallest, they are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.

 The Nobel Peace Prize 2012 was awarded to European Union (EU) "for over six decades
contributed to the advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe.

 Higher than Hope (by Fatima Mir) is a biography of Nelson Mandela.

 The spherical shape of small drop of rain is due to Surface Tension.

 They are Vatican City and Palestine (Observer states not full members). There are six other
countries that are not members of the U.N. but are recognized by at least one country that is a U.N.
member. These countries are Taiwan, Western Sahara, Kosovo, South Ossetia, Abkhazia and
Northern Cyprus.
 Khartoum lies on Nile River.

 Code name of operation of killing Osama Bin Laden in Abbotabad was Neptune Spear.

 Sindh has 29 Districts.

 The current official and working languages of the United Nations are: Arabic. Chinese.
English. French. Russian. Spanish.

 There are 06 official Languages of UNO. (English, Arabic, French, Chinese, Russian,
Spanish)

 OIC has Three (03) official Languages. (English, Arabic, French)

 Melanoma (Skin Cancer) is caused by Ozone Depletion.

 The Liberhan Commission (Liberhan Ayodhya Commission of Inquiry) was a long-

running inquiry commissioned by the Government of India to investigate the destruction of the disputed
structure Babri Masjid in Ayodhya in 1992.

 First paper to use the title Quaid-e-Azam was Dawn.

 Fuzzy Logic is a part of Computer.

 Peridontics deals with dentistry.

 NEQS stands National Environment Quality Standards.

 The fastest marine animal found in warmer parts of five oceans of the world is INDUS

 The World’s largest cruise ship is Symphony the Seas.

 The richest fishing ground in the world is North Eastern Asia.

 In the composition of earth, Aluminium is 8.23%.

 The Loti is the currency of the Kingdom of Lesotho.

 Turkey became Republic and in March 1924 the Grand National Assembly the parliament of
Turkey abolished the institution of Khilafat. In March 1924, Khilafat was abolished. So in a way the very
institution for which the Muslims were fighting had been replaced by Turkey 's new leadership that
emerged.

 The capital of Vanuata is Port Vila.

 Edaphology is one of two main divisions of soil science, the other being
pedology. Edaphology is concerned with the influence of soils on living things, particularly plants.

 The Paris Agreement, Paris climate accord or Paris climate agreement is an agreement within
the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change dealing with greenhouse gas emissions
mitigation, adaptation and finance starting in the year 2020.

 The Commonwealth of Nations, also known as simply the Commonwealth, is an

intergovernmental organization of 52 member states that are mostly former territories of the British
Empire.

 Shinto and Buddhism are Japan's two major religions. Shinto is as old as the Japanese culture,
while Buddhism was imported from the mainland in the 6th century. Since then, the two religions have
been co-existing relatively harmoniously and have even complemented each other to a certain degree.

 Saindak Copper Gold Project. Saindak Copper-Gold Mine is located near Saindak town in
Chagai District of Balochistan, Pakistan. The discovery of copper deposits at Saindak was made in
the 1970s in collaboration with a Chinese engineering firm.

 Copper deposits of Pakistan are found mostly in Chaghi

 In 1991, an agreement to share waters of the Indus River was reached between the four
provinces of Pakistan in the form of the Water Apportionment Accord (WAA). This accord is based on
both, the existing and future water needs of the four provinces.

 The oldest regional language of Pakistan is Sindhi.

 The Economic Cooperation Organisation or ECO is a Eurasian political and economic

intergovernmental organization which was founded in 1985 in Tehran by the leaders of Iran, Pakistan
and Turkey.
 Robert Gabriel Mugabe is a Zimbabwean revolutionary and politician. He was the leader of
Zimbabwe from 1980 to 2017, serving as Prime Minister from 1980 to 1987 and as President from 1987
to 2017.

 Bakhtar is news agency of Afghanistan.

 Ariana is airline of Afghanistan.

 Sri Lanka is known as Pearl of East.

 Largest producer of solar energy in the world is Germany.

 League of Nations (1920).

 Number of states in Arab League is 22.

 Angiosperms are the species that flower.

 The sunlight can reach a depth of 100 meters in the ocean.

 February can lack a new moon

 There are 13 countries to be exact that lie along the equator. They are dispersed through
South America, Africa and Asia and include, Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Gabon, Congo, Democratic
Republic of Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Sao Tome and Principe, Somalia, Maldives, Indonesia and Kiribati.

 The earth's Lithosphere is divided into 15 major plates of various sizes.

 Phosphorus is essential component of nucleic acid.

 France produces maximum energy from Nuclear Reactors .

 HQ of Transparency International is Berlin.

 Pollutants that are introduced into the environment by human activity are known as Qualitative
pollutant.

 Core is the central part of earth.

 The dominant phase of life cycle in these organisms is haploid Protozoa.

 Vitamin B and C are water soluble vitamin.

 Vitamin A, D, K are fat soluble vitamins.

 Anti Diuretic hormone is secreted by Pituitary Gland.

 Gallelio was the first scientist to prove that planets move around the sun.

 Archmides formulated basic laws of geometry

 A Geiger counter (Geiger-Muller tube) is a device used for the detection and measurement of
all types of radiation: alpha, beta and gamma radiation. Basically it consists of a pair of electrodes
surrounded by a gas. The electrodes have a high voltage across them. The gas used is usually Helium
or Argon.

 Sulphur is a secondary plant nutrient.

 Immunology is a branch of biology that covers the study of immune systems in all organisms.

 The atomic number or proton number of a chemical element is the number of protons
found in the nucleus of an atom. It is identical to the charge number of the nucleus. The atomic
number uniquely identifies a chemical element.

 The Diamer-Bhasha Dam on the Indus River in northern Pakistan comes with an astounding
price tag of over US$8.5 billion. The 200-square-kilometer.

 Neptune is the outermost planet in the atmosphere.

 Long-sightedness is corrected using a Convex (outward facing) lens.

 Vaccination is synonymous with Artificial Activity immunity.

 The field of specialization of famous Muslim scientist Abu Usman Aljahiz was Zoology.

 The book "Hunter Par Hunter" was written by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan.

 The author of "The Millat and Menace of Indianism" is Ch. Rehmat Ali.

 The Making of Pakistan is written by K K Aziz.

 Hamayun Nama is written by Gulbaden Begum.

 “Hayat e Javed” is written by Altaf Hussain Hali. This book was about Sir Syed Ahmed Khan.

 Asarus-Sanadeed was compiled by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan.

 The Loyal Muhammadans of India was written by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan.

 Tehzeeb-ul-Ikhlaq was a journal published by the Muslim reformer Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
between 1871 and 1897. The journal published alternative Muslim perspectives, written in plain
language. It gave voice to the publisher's religious, social, and reforming opinions

 Indian Musalmans is written by William Wilson Hunter

 Kitab Ul Hind is written by Al-Beruni.

 Tabqate Akbari is written by Khawaja Nizamudin Ahmed.

 The book “Tughlaq Nama” was written by Amir Khusro.

 Tazkirah is written by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad.

 The book “Nuh Siphir” was written by Amir Khusro.

 Author of the book "Tehqeeq-ul-Hind" was Al Beruni.

 The author of the book "Izalat-al-Akhifa" is Shah Waliullah.

 The book 'Exit West' is written by Pakistani novelist Mohsin Hamid.

 “Kitab-al-Umm” is written by Imam Shafi.

 Book named "A Short History of the Saracens" is written by Syed Ameer Ali.

 First commander in chief of Pakistan army was Frank Messri.

 General Tikka Khan, was a four-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army who served as the
first chief of army staff from 3 March 1972 till retiring on 1 March 1976.
 The Watergate scandal (Richard Nixon) was a major political scandal that occurred in the
United States during the early 1970s, following a break-in by five men at the Democratic National
Committee headquarters.

 Michael Fred Phelps II is an American retired competitive swimmer and the most successful
and most decorated Olympian of all time, with a total of 28 medals.

 Margaret Thatcher (Iron Lady), Baroness Thatcher was a British stateswoman who served as
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from
1975 to 1990.

 The name "United Nations", coined by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt was first
used in the Declaration by United Nations of 1 January 1942, during the Second World War, when
representatives of 26 nations pledged their Governments to continue fighting together against the Axis
Powers.

 The text of the "Declaration of United Nations" was drafted by U.S. President Franklin D.
Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Roosevelt aide Harry Hopkins, while
meeting at the White House on 29 December 1941

 Malaysia is a founder member of the OIC. Its headquarters are in Jeddah but it was actually
established at the Conference of Islamic Nations held in Kuala Lumpur in 1969. Malaysia's first Prime
Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman was its first secretary-general since 1970.

 Victoria was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until
her death. On 1 May 1876, she adopted the additional title of Empress of India. Queen Victoria was a
queen all her life.

 Sir Isaac Pitman, was a teacher of the English language who developed the most widely used
system of shorthand, known now as Pitman shorthand.

 Albert Einstien was German.

 Founder of Chemistry is Jabir Bin Hayyan.

 Faiz Ahmed Faiz was an avowed Marxist, and he received the Lenin Peace Prize by the Soviet
Union in 1962.

 Aristotle was the first logician to attempt a systematic analysis of logical syntax, of noun (or
term), and of verb. He was the first formal logician, in that he demonstrated the principles of reasoning
by employing variables to show the underlying logical form of an argument.

 Euclid, was a Greek mathematician, often referred to as the "founder of geometry" or the
"father of geometry".

 James Hutton is the father of Geology.

 Raishmi Romal compaign started by Ubaid Ullah Sindhi.

 General Muhammad Shariff, was a four-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army who was
the first Chairman of Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee,

 Johannes Kepler was a Mathematician.

 Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852-1934) is considered by many to be the father of modern

Neuroscience.

 William Kibry is the father of Entomologist.

 Fredinard Magellan (Portugese) was the first explorer who travelled around the world.

 USA launched GBU-43/B more commonly known as mother of all bombs, whereas Russia
has father of all bombs.

 North Korea 90% exports are with China.

 Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) is an instrument covering 58 countries and

supposed to enhance transparency in international climate politics. CCPI agenda 2019 was to bring
down the temperature down by 1.5 Centigrade to 2 Centigrade.Globally Sweden is on top
position followed by Morocco and Lithuania.

 Largest Salt mines are in the Jehlum district of Pakistan.

 The flag of Nepal is the only national flag in the world that is not rectangular. The flag is a
simplified combination of two single pennants. Its crimson red is the color of the rhododendron, the
country's national flower.

 UAE became a federation of 6 emirates in December-1971

 The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam is a compilation of lectures delivered by

Muhammad Iqbal on Islamic philosophy and published in 1930.

 Soft Coal is used in Thermal Power Plants.

 Vitamin C helps in healing wounds.

 Bat uses eye as sound.

 Nervous system consists of brain and spinal cord.

 Pakistan is located on tropic zone of South.

 “Al- Farooq” & “Al-Ghazali” are written by Shibli Nomani.

 Abdul Rehman-I was the conqueror of Spain.

 Uzbekistan has won Street Child Football World Cup 2018, Pakistan was the runner up. It was
held in Russia.

 Silicon is a semiconductor.

 On January 18, 1918, President Woodrow Wilson gave a speech to Congress that outlined
Fourteen Points for peace and the end to World War I. Wilson wanted lasting peace and for World War
I to be the "war to end all wars."

 23rd March, 1940 is referred as” Yaum Furfaq” in history of Pakistan.

 Name of Layalpur was changed to Faisalabad on 1st September,1977.

 China joined WTO in 2001.

 Pakistan joined 3G Generation on 23rd April 2014.

 Asian Development Bank was founded on 22nd August 1966.

 Local Government bill was passed in 2002.

 Lord Canning was first Viceroy of Sub Continent.

 Naryab Dam is in Hangu district of KPK.

 The term ethics is derived from the Greek word ethikos which itself is derived from the
Greek word ethos, meaning custom or character

 Rosheen Khan, also known as 'Mermaid of Churna Island', has become the first and the only
female scuba-diving instructor in Pakistan.

 Ryder Cup is the biggest tournament of Golf.

 Kishanganga Dam is built over Jehlum.

 Hedonism is to gain maximum pleasure.

 The world's longest and deepest rail tunnel has officially opened in Switzerland, after almost
two decades of construction work. The 57km (35-mile) twin-bore Gotthard base tunnel will provide a
high-speed rail link under the Swiss Alps between northern and southern Europe.

 Likud and Kadima are political parties of Israel.

 Mount Kinabalu is in Malysia.

 “Spratly Islands” in the South China Sea are disputed between China, Vietnam, Malaysia and
Philippines.

 Dwight D.Eisenhower was the first of five American presidents to visit Pakistan.

 Kofi Annan belonged to Ghana.

 Youme Shuhada is celebrated by Pakistan Police on 04th August.

 Lord Linlithgow had the longest tenure as Viceroy.

 VGA in computer stands for Video Graphics array.

 Bahawalpur was the 1st princely state to join Pakistan after partition.

 Quaid-e-Azam resigned from Congress in 1920.

 During the 02nd World War Winston Churchill was the PM of Britain.

 Abu Jehal was killed in the battle of Ditch.

 No person shall be deprived of life or liberty saves in accordance with law in accordance
with Article 09 of the constitution of 1973

 International Women Day 08th March.

 International Forest Day 21st March.

 CPEC has 09 special economic zones.

 33rd ASEAN Summit held in Singapore.

 President Donald Trum & Kim Jong-Un met in Singapore.

 Rabia Basri was born in Iraq.

 Mohmand Dam is built over SWAT River.

 Battle of Waterloo was fought in 1815.

 Changez Khan (Mangol Leader) was known in the history as Curse of God.

 FATA became part of KPK on 31st May 2018.

 Hornets’ Nest: A violent Situation

 To eat away: To gradually destroy something.

 At Large: Abscond. Police is trying to catch him but he is still at large.

 A bigger bang for your buck: More for your money.

 Argus Eyed: Careful or observant. Being a politician he is Argus Eyed and never overlooks even
a small matter.

 A load of Cobblers: Rubbish. I feel it is just a a load of cobblers.

 A Pig in Poke: Accept deal without knowing. Something that you buy or accept without
first seeing it or finding out if it is good

 Away with Fairies: Not Facing Realities.

 The phrase 'all one' is used to indicate that it is not important which of several alternatives are
available or chosen.

 Bandy Words: To argue. She was doing bandy words with teacher so was punished.

 Black and Blue: To beat someone very badly.

 By Dint of: By force of

 A charley horse is a muscle cramp which usually occurs in the thigh or calf muscle of the leg.

 Chalk and Cheese: Very different from one another. They can never be friends they are as
different as chalk and cheese.

 Cloven Hoof: Evil Intention. He showed cloven hoof by cheating his parents.

 Cut both ends: In favor of both sides. While participating in a debate you should not cut both
ends.

 Cock Sure: Very Sure.

 Sputnik is the news agency of Russia.

 S&P is a New York based rating agency.

 Back of Beyond: A lonely forsaken place.

 Blaze the trial: To start a movement.

 Dig the grave: To destroy.

 Damp Squib: Complete Failure.

 Day of Reckoning: Time to answer for one’s actions.

 Ever and Anon: Sometimes.

 Eke Out: Supplement Income

 Flesh in Blood: Human Nature.

 Fly off the Handle: To lose one’s temper.

 Fabians Policy: Policy of delaying decision.

 Giddy Goat: To act foolishly.

 Good Samaritan: Good person who helps all.

 Grid up the lions: To prepare for attack.

 Give a wide berth: To avoid.

 Give one a long rope: To allow someone to commit mistakes

 Good turn: An act of kindness.

 Hang Fire: Unresolved issue.

 Hard Nosed attitude: Aggressive.

 Have feet of clay: Full of faults.

 Hold and Corner: Secret.

 Helter Skelter: Here and there.

 Ivory Tower: Imaginary World.

 In a Flutter: Excited.

 In a red: To be in a loss.
 Knit the Brow: To frown.

 Kick one’s heel: To waste time in waiting.

 Neck and Crop: Completely.

 Moot Point: A debatable point.

 Mealy Mounted: Soft Spoken.

 Mend One’s Fences: To make peace.

 On that score: For that reason.

 Pass the buck: To blame each other.

 Palmy Days: Prosperous days.

 Pell Mell: In a Jumbled.

 Pyrric Victory: Victory at a high cost.

 Quixotic Project: Foolishly ideal.

 Red Tapism: Official Delay.

 Red Herring: Something that distracts attention.

 Stand in Good Stead: To be helpful in need.

 Spartan Life: Life of Ascetic.

 Set People by Ears: To incite people.

 A Stalking Horse: Pretend.

 See eye to eye: To agree.

 Spick and Span: To be in order.

She has kept her house spick and span

 Sow wild Oats: Irresponsible pleasure seeking.

After sowing his wild oats Ravi has decided to stick to the straight and narrow path in future.

 Tall Talk: Exaggerate matters.

 Take the Floor: Make a Speech.

 Throw up the Sponge: To surrender.

 Throw Cold Water: To Discourage.

 Throw a Spanner: To sabotage a plan.

 Wrangle Over an ass Shadow: To fight on trivial matters.

 When the Church comes: Moment of decision.

 Whilly- Nilly: Whether one wishes or not.

 Weal and Woe: Joy and Sorrows.

 Yeoman’s Service: Excellent Work.

 To catch a tartar: To catch a dangerous person.

 Take up the Cudgels: To support.

One of my lawyer friends took up the cudgels to defend me.

 Antipathy (Nafrat): A feeling of strong dislike, opposition, or anger:

 Assasin (Qatil)

 Bandit (Daku): a thief with a weapon, especially one belonging to a group that attacks
people travelling through the countryside.

 Bandit and Highwayman are synonyms.

 Buoyant: Able to flow

 Camouflage : Disguise, Conceal

 Calumny (Buhtan, Badgoi): A statement about someone that is not true and is
intended to damage the reputation of that person.

 Decipher (Mushkil ko hall karNa): to discover the meaning of something written badly or in
a difficult or hidden way.
Can you decipher the writing on this envelope?

 Evasion (Heela Bahana, Chori Karna): The act of avoiding something or someone.

 Grumble (Shakait Karna, Banbana):To complain about someone or something in

an annoyed way.

 Garrulous: Loquacious.

 Husbandry: Agriculture/farming. He gave a lecture on crop and animal husbandry.

 Intrigue (Sazish Karna): to interest someone a lot, especially by being strange, unusual,
or mysterious:

 Invective (Gali Galoch): criticism that is very forceful, unkind, and often rude

 Impute (Ilzam Lagana): to say that someone is responsible for something that has
happened, especially something bad, or that something is the cause of something else.

 Overwrought: In a state of being upset, nervous, and worried.

 Presumptuous: A person who is presumptuous shows little respect for others by doing things
they have no right to do.

 Profligate: Spending money or using something in a way that wastes it and is not wise.

 Quaid-e-Azam took oath on 15th August, 1947.

 The state visit of Liaquat Ali Khan to the United States from 3 May to 26 May 1950, was an
official state visit paid by the first Prime Minister of Pakistan, Liaquat Ali Khan, accompanied by the First
Lady of Pakistan, Sheila Irene Pant.

 The Liaquat–Nehru Pact or Delhi Pact was a bilateral treaty between the two South-
Asian states, India and Pakistan, whereby refugees were allowed to return unmolested to dispose off
their property, abducted women and looted property were to be returned, forced conversions were
unrecognized, and minority rights were confirmed. The treaty was signed in New Delhi by the Prime
Minister Jawahar Lal Nehru and the Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan on April 8, 1950. The
treaty was the outcome of six days of talks sought to guarantee the rights of imnorities in both countries
after the Partition of India and to avert another war between them.

 Tashkent Pact 10, Jan 1966. Lal Bahadur Shastri represented India, whereas Ayub Khan
represented Pakistan.

 India launched war against Pakistan on 21st November 1971.

 Pakistan's first general elections were held in 1970 during the Military regime of Yahya Khan. The
government claimed that these elections had a high level of public participation and a turnout of almost
63%

 Indian drama of hijacking their own On 30 January 1971, an Indian Airlines Fokker F27
Friendship aircraft named Ganga, flying from Srinagar to Jammu, was hijacked by two Kashmiri
separatists belonging to the National Liberation Front (NLF, the antecedent of Jammu and Kashmir
Liberation Front). The hijackers were Hashim Qureshi and his cousin Ashraf Qureshi. The aircraft was
flown to Lahore, Pakistan where the passengers and crew were released and the aircraft was burnt on 1
February 1971.

 Ayub Khan resigned on 25th March, 1969.

 India launched war on Pakistan on 21st November 1971.

 Gen. Yahya Khan resigned from his President ship on 20th Dec 1971.

 The Simla Agreement signed by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
of Pakistan on 2nd July 1972 was much more than a peace treaty seeking to reverse the consequences
of the 1971 war.

 India as grieved approached Security Council in April, 1948.

 On April 1, 1948, a newly independent India turned off the tap to its neighbor Pakistan, blocking
the flow of water to key canals across the Radcliffe line.

 Tashkent Pact: 10 Jan 1966 (Ayub Khan & Lal Bahadur Shastri)

 Simla Pact: 02 July 1972 (Indra Gandhi & Z.A Bhutto)

 The Second Islamic Summit Conference held from February 22-24, 1974 in Lahore was
hosted by Pakistan and came to be known as the Lahore Summit. It was an extra ordinary summit that
was held on the proposal of OIC Secretary General Tunku Abdul Rahman.

 40 Islamic countries participated in the 2nd Islamic Summit Conference.

 General Elections were held on March 7, 1977. PPP emerged as the victorious Party. At the
behest of General Ziaul Haq, PNA accused government of rigging in the elections. Negotiations with
PNA resumed. An Agreement was reached on June 8, 1977 for holding Fresh Elections on October
1977. On July 5, 1977 COAS General Zia-ul-Haq imposed Martial Law.

 Pakistan, April 4, 1979 - Former Pakistani prime minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto was hanged
before dawn today at the Rawalpindi jail, ending a long drama over his fate and opening the prospect
of widespread unrest.
 Pakistani Islamisation programme referendum, 1984. A referendum on the Islamisation policy of
President Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq was held in Pakistan on 19 December 1984.

 Mohammad Khan Junejo August 18, 1932 March 18, 1993), was a Pakistani politician and an
agriculturist who served as Prime Minister of Pakistan, having elected in this capacity in 1985 until
being dismissed in 1988.

 Ghulam Ishaq Khan was a Pakistani civil servant and a bureaucrat who served as the 7th
President of Pakistan from 1988 until his resignation in 1993. Raised in Bannu, Ghulam Ishaq
graduated from Peshawar University and entered the Indian Civil Service, opting for Pakistan after the
independence in 1947.

 The N-35 or National Highway 35 known more popularly as the Karakoram Highway and
China-Pakistan Friendship Highway, is a 1300 km national highway in Pakistan which extends from
Hasan Abdal in Punjab province of Pakistan to the Khunjerab Pass in Gilgit-Baltistan.

 Muhammad Zafar Ullah Khan served as president of UN General Assembly.

 The Hudood Ordinances are laws in Pakistan that were enacted in 1977 as part of then military
ruler Zia-ul-Haq's "Sharisation or "Islamisation" process.

 1988 elections were held in November 1988.

 On 6th August 1990, Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto's first government was sent packing by
President Ghulam Ishaq Khan (GIK) on corruption charges, just 20 months into office. Along with
other things, it was charged that she was unable to control law and order in the country and there was
bad governance

 It was 1992 when Pakistan Bait-ul-Mal (PBM) was established by then PM Nawaz Sharif
Pakistan.

 The 1999 Pakistani coup was a bloodless coup in which the Pakistan Army and then-Chief of
Army Staff and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee, General Pervez Musharraf, seized the
control of the civilian government of publicly elected Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif on 12 October 1999.
 Patrick Shahnan is the Defense Secretary of US.

 Dr. Tariq Banuri is the Chairman of HEC

 Jingoism: Extreme Patriotism.

 Callous (Sakht, Bedard): unkind, cruel, and without sympathy or feeling for other people.
It might sound callous, but I don't care if he's homeless

 Luscious (Sheerien, Meetha): having a pleasant sweet taste or containing a lot of juice.

 Knell (Matmi Ghanti, Aelane matam): A death knell

 Laconic: Using very few words to express what you mean.

 Murky: dark and dirty or difficult to see through.

The river was brown and murky after the storm.

 Ostentatious and Vaunt are synonyms (Dikhawa).

 Puerile (Bachpan): behaving in a silly way, not like an adult.

I find his sense of humour rather puerile.

 Pertness: Zauban Daraz

 Rapture: Extreme pleasure and happiness or excitement.

He listened to the music with an expression of pure rapture on his face.

 Slander(Buhtan): A false spoken statement about someone that damages their reputation, or the
making of such a statement:
The doctor is suing his partner for slander.

 Saucy and Brazen are synonyms.

 Tenacious: holding tightly onto something, or keeping an opinion in a determined way.

The baby took my finger in its tenacious little fist.
 Umbrage (Narazgi): To feel upset or annoyed, usually because you feel that someone has
been rude or shown no respect to you:

 Wither (Murjhana): To become weak and dry and decay.

Grass had withered in the fields.

 Wilt and Wither are synonyms.

 “Prevaricate” and “Lie” are synonyms.

 Hermit: A person who lives alone and apart from the rest of society, especially for religious
affairs.

 Candid (Saaf Goi, Saff Dil, Sadiq): Honest and telling the truth, especially about
something difficult or painful:

 Bellyache: A pain in the stomach.

 Smug: Too pleased or satisfied about something you have achieved or something you know.
There was a hint of smug self-satisfaction in her voice.

 Imperious (Amrana): unpleasantly proud and expecting to be obeyed.

She sent them away with an imperious wave of the hand.

 Imperious and Servile are antonyms.

 Cogent (Zordar): A cogent argument, reason, etc. Clearly express and persuades people.

 Defile: to spoil something or someone so that thing or person is less beautiful or pure.

 Reprisal (Badla, Intiqami Tayari): An act of retaliation.

 Garbled: If words or messages are garbled, they are not clear and

 are very difficult to understand, often giving a false idea of the facts.

 Senile(Burhapa):showing poor mental ability because of old age, especially

being unable to think clearly and make decisions:
 In-ordinate (Sarkash, Ghair Mamoli): much more than usual or expected

 Philistine(GherTehzibYafta):a person who refuses to see the beauty or

the value of art or culture.

 Quiescent (Khamosh): temporarily quiet and not active.

The political situation was now relatively quiescent.

 Doleful: Very Sad. a doleful expression

 Profligate: Recklessly extravagant or wasteful in the use of resources.

 Arduous: involving or requiring strenuous effort; difficult and tiring.

 Virus is the word of Latin language

 20 Hz to 20 kHz is the range in hertz of a normal human hearing.

 Eggs are a rich source of Proteins.

 Vitamin B12 requires Cobalt for its activity.

 Ferrum is the Latin name of iron.

 Natrium is the Latin name of Sodium.

Organisms which breakdown dead or waste matter in to simpler substances is termed as

Decomposers.

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