Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Gellian M. Agnecito
Ellona Jean N. Aguilar
Charlotte Kyla Amoranto
Maria Christina Estelle L. Bagay
Justine Marie D. Beler
Lander James T. Bombasi
Alexander James Cruz
Miracle M. Luna
Marianne Eizen F. Marasigan
John Baltazar B. Mensorado
Aliyah Mae E. Realubit
John Romald L. Sobrecarey
Rusell Franz B. Sorre
March 2019
Names: Gellian M. Agnecito, Ellona Jean N. Aguilar, Charlotte Kyla Amoranto, Maria
Christina Estelle L. Bagay, Justine Marie D. Beler, Lander James T. Bombasi, Alexander
James Cruz, Miracle M. Luna, Marianne Eizen F. Marasigan, John Baltazar B. Mensorado,
I. Research Title:
HANDMADE PAPER
1. use fiber from leaves to make a paper rather than cutting down trees;
2. identify the tear strength, texture, acceptability of paper in the market, burst index, tensile
strength, thickness and GSM (Grams per square meter) of a handmade paper and
B. Hypotheses
Null (Ho):
and mango leaves paper in terms of tear strength, texture, acceptability of paper in the
market, burst index, tensile strength, thickness and GMS (Grams per square meter).
Alternative (Ha):
and mango leaves paper in terms of tear strength, texture, acceptability of paper in the
market, burst index, tensile strength, thickness and GSM (Grams per square meter).
1. Source of Materials
The researchers will collect one kilogram (1Kg) of banana leaves, mango
leaves and scrap paper. They will gather banana leaves at Sorre’s residence in Tagapo,
Sta. Rosa, Laguna and mango leaves at Cruz’s residence in Dela Paz, Biñan Laguna.
They will also provide the following materials including scissors and cutters to be used
in cutting the banana and mango leaves into smaller pieces, blender in grinding the
banana leaves, silk screen for the filtration, molder for shaping the handmade paper
made in banana leaves fiber and mango leaves paper to its proper shape and basin as
the container of the grounded banana and mango leaves. The researchers will also test
the thickness of the paper by using microcaliper provided by Jacobo Z. Gonzales
Memorial School of Arts and Trade (JZGMSAT- TESDA). In addition to improve the
color of the paper, the researchers will use bleach to make the paper more acceptable
to market.
School located at Romana Subdivision Brgy. San Antonio Biñan City, Laguna Region
3. Procedure
A. Washing
The researchers will wash the banana leaves and the mango leaves with water
to remove the dirts, dust and also the unnecessary substances on it.
B. Boiling
The researchers will get the casserole and put water on it. After that, they will
put the banana leaves in the casserole with water, then they will put it on the stove and
wait for it until it boiled and for the mango leaves, they will do the same procedure.
C. Blending
The researchers will cut the banana and mango leaves into small pieces so that,
it can fit to the blender. They will use blender to mix the banana leaves and the scrap
papers. After that, the mango leaves and scrap papers will be mix too.
D. Draining
After blending, the researchers will drain the banana leaves fiber with scrap
papers and mango leaves with scrap papers in the strainer to eliminate the excess water
on it.
E. Bleaching
After draining, they will use container to apply bleach to the banana leaves
fiber with scrap papers and in mango leaves with scrap papers, to make the handmade
papers white.
F. Molding
The researchers will put banana leaves fiber with scrap paper and mango leaves
with scrap papers to the silk screen to mold it in an exact shape and size.
G. Sun Drying
After molding, they will dry it under the sun in a temperature of 27.7˚C.
H. Cutting
The researchers will cut the excess edges of the handmade papers to make it
I. Calendaring/ Rolling
The researchers will use rollers to make the paper thin and uniform in
thickness.
Experimental Design and Treatment
The researchers will conduct an experiment regarding the qualities of the handmade
paper using banana leaves fiber and compared that to a mango leaves and commercialized
paper. The commercialized paper will served as the controlled group and labelled it as
Treatment 1 (T1). For the second treatment, they will mixed 50 grams (50g) of banana
leaves fiber and 50 grams (50g) of scrap papers in the blender with one liter (1L) of water
in making a handmade paper made in banana leaves fiber and label it as Treatment 2 (T2).
For the Treatment 3 (T3), the researchers will mix 100 grams (100g) of banana leaves fiber
and 50 grams (50g) of scrap papers in the blender with 1liter (1L) of water. In the fourth
treatment (T4), they will mix 50 grams (50g) of grounded mango leaves and 50 grams (50g)
of scrap papers in the blender with 1liter (1L) of water. Lastly, Treatment 5 (T5), they will
mix 100 grams (100g) of grounded mango leaves and 50 grams (50g) of scrap papers in
The researchers will test the qualities of all treatments in terms of its tear strength,
texture, acceptance of paper in market, burst index, tensile strength, thickness and GSM
4. Data Gathering
The researchers will test the tear strength, burst strength and tensile strength of
the banana and mango paper. In the tear strength they will use paper shredder, in burst
strength they will use bursting strength tester, while in tensile strength they will use tensile
strength which will be provided by the University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB).
In comparing the texture and acceptability of banana and mango paper in the market they
will conduct a survey. They will also test the thickness of the banana and mango paper
5. Statistical Analysis
The researchers will use the following statistical tools to answer the research
problems such as Independent Sample T- Test to test the hypothesis about means of normal
distributions when the standard deviations are unknown and one-way ANOVA to
determine the contributions of given factors or variables to the variance. The researchers
will used ANOVA to determine whether there are any statistically significant differences
between the means of two or more independent (unrelated) groups and they will also use
Independent Sample T-Test to compares the means of two independent groups in order to
determine whether there is statistical evidence that the associated population means are
significantly different.
Research June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. March
Activity 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2019 2019 2019
Project
Summary
Research
Plan
Creating a
Title
Doing
Chapter 1-3
Preparing
Experimenta-
tion
Actual
Experimenta-
tion
Doing
Chapter 4-5
Finalizing
Data
Defense
E. Cost- Analysis
Banana Leaves 1 kg 20
Scissors 1 pc 15
Cutter 1 pc 25
Blender 1 pc 800
Bleach 1 kg 50
TOTAL: ₱2,710.00
F. Bibliography
Tarun, K. B. (2013). “Handmade paper from banana stem” Retrieved (July 6, 2018) from
www.ijiser.org/paper/handmade-paper-fro-banana-stem.html
Anonymous (2018). “Banana Leaf Paper-Natural” Retrieved (July 6, 2018) from
https://twohandspaperie.com/banana-leaf-paper-natural/
Pascual (2010). “Making Paper by hand from fibers of Banana Leaves and Mother-in-law
tongue blades” Retrieved (July 7, 2018) from
www.backyardnature.net/m/crafts/papel.html
Anonymous (2014). “Handmade Paper Project For Banana Fiber” Retrieved (July 7, 2018)
from www.unnivisionin_blogspot.com/2014/03/handmade-paper-project-for-banana-
fiber.html
Baldwin, C. (2015). “How to Make Banana Paper” Retrieved (July 7, 2018) from
https://www.ehow.com/how-6464815_make-banana-paper.html
Radhakrishnan, M. (2017). “Amazing Benefits And Uses Of Mango Leaves (Aam Ke
Patte)” Retrieved (July 30, 2018) from
https://www.google.com.ph/amp/s/www.stylecraze.com/articles/benefits-and-uses-of-
mango-leaves/%3famp=1
Unknown, (2018). “Mango Paper Kozo Paper with Mango Leaf Inclusions. Retrieved (July
30, 2018) from https://www.mulberrypaperandmore.com/c-
210.aspx?searchEngineName=mango-paper
Chiri, (2018). “Handmade Mango Paper” Retrieved (July 30 2018) from
https://www.google.com.ph/amp/s/www.culturalindia.net/amp/indian-crafts/mango-
paper.html
Anonymous, (2018). “Eco friendly-recycled organic mango paper” Retrieved (July 30,
2018 from https://www.ecopaper.com/mango-papertm-6-x-8-journal-notebook-
40104.html
G. Definition of Terms
Fiber – A thin thread of natural or artificial material that can be used to make cloth, paper,
etc.
triturate, or pulverize.
Tensile – Relating to the amount that something (such as wire) can stretch or be stretched
without breaking.
Deviation – The difference between the average of a group of numbers and a particular
Grinding – To crush or break (something) into very small pieces by rubbing it against a