BSP Abap PDF

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September 30 – October 2, 2002
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Oct. 28 – Oct. 30, 02 St.Leon-Rot
Developing Web Applications

with ABAP
Ulrich Klingels, SAP AG
Learning Objectives
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Understand the Serverside Scripting model BSP
Know how to use the BSP Extensions...
...and the Model View Controller concept
See the way to Web Dynpro development in ABAP
 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 2
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Agenda
Business Server Pages
BSP Extensions
Model View Controller
Outlook Web Dynpro for ABAP
Summary
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Business Server Pages - Hello World
D VLPSOH %63 SDJH WKDW <%@page language="abap"%> Layout
Shows serverside scripting with

<html>
<body>
<center>
ABAP <% do 5 times. %>
Contains static HTML (or XML, <font size=“<%=sy-index%>“>
Hello World! <br>
or...) parts mixed with serverside </font>
<% enddo. %>
scripting </center>
Is similar to Active Server Pages </body>
</html>
(Microsoft) or Java Server Pages
Is accessible via URL like
common pages of a web server
BSP Application Structure
BSP Application
%63 $SSOLFDWLRQ BSP Page
Business Server Pages <html>
...
BSP
BSP Page
BSP
which define the Web UI and <% loop at
contain serverside scripting itab.... %>
Arbitrary additional files

(Images, background pics,
button GIFs,...), Style-Sheets,
etc.
Application class, that Application Class
contains the application Attributes
logic Methods
Accesses backend
functionality
Business Object Class
6HSDUDWLRQ RI SUHVHQWDWLRQ Business Object Class
Business Object Class
DQG EXVLQHVV ORJLF Attributes
Attributes
Methods
Attributes
Methods
Methods
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Demo
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BSP – Initialization and Layout
Business Server Page
Attribute Typ. Ass.Type Page Attributes

FLIGHTS TYPE FLIGHTTAB
Every page has a defined

select * from sflight into table flights. Initialization step for data retrieval that
is used in the layout step.
<%@page language="abap"%>
Layout
<html>
<body>
<table border=1>
<tr> The layout part contains
<th>Carrier</th> script code mixed with
<th>Connection</th> static formatting directives
<th>Date</th> (e.g. HTML).
</tr> The data sources declared
<% data: wa like line of flights. as page attributes are
loop at flights into wa. %> directly accessible in the
<tr> initialization and layout
<td> <%= wa-carrid %> </td> step.
<td> <%= wa-connid %> </td>
<td> <%= wa-fldate %> </td>
</tr>
<% endloop. %>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Event Handler
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called before the
page is rendered
for data retrievel
2Q,QSXW3URFHVVLQJ
handling of the user
input
2Q&UHDWH
at first creation of
the page

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Page Attributes
Objects that are

accessible in all page
events and the layout
section
Example: tables that are

filled in the Initialization
step and used in the
layout step
Application Class
BSP Application
BSP Page BSP

<html> BSP Page
...
BSP
<% application->...
%>
Application Class
Attributes
Methods
An instance of the application class is
created at every request to the page
(stateless) and is available in all events
and in the layout
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MIME Repository
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Images
Backgrounds
Static HTMLs
Style sheets
...
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LQIUDVWUXFWXUH
Translation
Transport
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+773
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,QWHUDFWLRQ
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HTML Forms
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texts
your Nickname:
<input type=text name="nickname">
list boxes
<input type=submit name="Submit">
</form>
checkboxes <form method=get>
file upload ... <input type=checkbox name="sel"

value="apple"> Apple
<input type=checkbox name="sel"
,QSXW LV WUDQVIHUUHG YLD value="orange"> Orange
<input type=checkbox name="sel"
*(7 RU 3267 UHTXHVW WR value="cherry"> Cherry
<input type=submit name="Submit">
WKH VHUYHU </form>
as part of the URL <form action="/cgi-bin/procxls.pl" method=post>
as part of the request body Upload Text File:

<input type=file name="data" accept="*/text">
<input type=submit value="Upload">
</form>
<form action="output.htm" method="post" >

<select name="sel_category">
<option value="apple"> Apples
<option value="orange"> Oranges
</select>
<input type="text" name="search" value="">
<input type="submit" value="Select">
</form>
Demo
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Where to do the Input Processing?
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Adress.htm Order.htm
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User input from page X
... ...
<form ...> <form ...>

must be processed by the <input <input
type=text type=text
initialization of the next name=“state“ name=“number“
page Y ...>
</form>
...>
</form>
complex initialization
coding for events coming
from an arbitrary number
of other pages
In most cases the next PriceInfo.htm NotAvail.htm
page Y depends on the if state ...

select * ...
input of page X. itStreets
<html>
if number ...
(„You´re wrong here!“ endif.
SORRY!
Your selected
code) product...
<html> </html>
price:...
Event after the Input
6ROXWLRQ IRU WKH Adress.htm Order.htm
QDYLJDWLRQ SUREOHP ... ...
It would be much better to <form ...>

<input
<form ...>
<input
process the input coming type=text type=text
name=“state“ name=“number“
from page X „at the end“ of ...> ...>
</form> </form>
page X and then to
if state...
determine the next page navigation->
if number...
navigation->
New user input handling

event
OnInputProcessing
that belongs to the page PriceInfo.htm NotAvail.htm
which contains the HTML if state ...
form select * ...
itStreets
Navigation to next pages

<html>
if number ...
SORRY!
endif.
Your selected
dynamically, depending on product...
<html> </html>
the user‘s input price:...
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Business Server Pages - Input Processing

...
Initialization
Layout
...
<form method="post">
<input type=text name= "carrier" value="">
<input type=submit name="OnInputProcessing" value="Search">
</form>
...
data: carr TYPE string. Input Processing

InputProcessing depending on the
carr = request->get_form_field( 'carrier' ).
user’s input (input
navigation->set_parameter( name = ‘sel_carr'
fields, pressed
value = carr ).
navigation->goto_page('flights.htm' ).
buttons, links) the
Input Processing
allows database
updates and the
dynamic navigation to
the next page
BSPs - Input Processing Event ID

...
Initialization
Layout
...
<form method="post">
<input type=text name= "carrier" value="">
<input type=submit name="OnInputProcessing(select)" value="Search">
<input type=submit name="OnInputProcessing(exit)" value="Exit"> more then one submit
</form>
...
button can be
distinguished by an
arbitrary event name
Input Processing that is available as
case event_id. InputProcessing
EVENT_ID in the Input
when 'select'. Processing
data: carr TYPE string.
carr = request->get_form_field( 'carrier' ).
navigation->set_parameter( name = ‘sel_carr'
value = carr ).
navigation->goto_page('flights.htm' ).
when 'exit'.
navigation->exit( exit_url='http://www.sap.com' ).
endcase.
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BSP Extensions
Uniform look&feel
Built-in functionality
Scrolling
Sort
...
Reusable rendering
Browser-independent
<table> <htmlb:tableView
id ="table"
...75 lines of HTML table ="<%=FLIGHTS%>"
...tons of javaScript rowCount ="15"
headerVisible="true"
...some scripting design ="ALTERNATING"
</table> />
BSP Extension
HTML
element
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BSP Extensions – Tag Libraries
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Well known from JSP
User defined tags linked
with
Program coding that
generates at runtime the
HTTP response
Predefined UI elements
(TableView, TreeView,
InputFields,...)
Flicker free (delta

handling)
Browser independent
Demo
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HTML-Business Extension - UI-Elements for BSP
<textView> <group> <fileUpload>

<textEdit> <groupBody> <chart>
<button> <tray> <tableView>
<inputField> <trayBody> <dateNavigator>
<tabStrip>
<itemList>
<breadCrumb>
<comboBox>
<listBox>
<radioButtonGroup>
<checkBoxGroup>
<checkBox>
<tree>
<treeNode>
<form>
<link>
<gridLayout>
<gridLayoutCell>
<image>
Composite BSP Extensions
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Unified UI for the
whole application
Identify typical
patterns
List – Detail
Search
Form
Build special
composite
Extensions
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BSP Extension Framework - Concept
BSP page
<%@ extension name="MyExtension" prefix="ext" %>
<ext:doSomething />
BSP Extension Definition Class CL_MYCLASS

Extension MyExtension method DO_AT_BEGINNING
...
Element doSomething out->print_string('<tr><td>').
Element-Handler CL_MYCLASS
...
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Model-View-Controller (MVC)
Design pattern for decoupling presentation and logic of an application
Handle
Handleevents
events

Update application
Update applicationdata
data
Request

Define control flow
Define control flow
Controller
Model
Defines
Definesapplication
applicationdata
data
Usually
Usually connectedto
connected to
business
businessfunctionality
functionality
Response
View
Visualization
Visualizationof
ofthe
the
application
applicationdata
data
BSP page
Layout rendering and event handling is done by the

pages
Business logic included via application class
Flow between pages defined in event handler
BSP page
Request
events
<form ...>
<input
application->
...>
</form>
Response
Application Class
Attributes
Methods
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Model-View-Controller in BSPs
Extend the BSP programming model with the MVC paradigm

Enable programming model similar to Java world
Simplify BSP pages in order to support further customizing options
BSP Controller
Request
METHOD
DO_REQUEST
...
CALL_VIEW
Application Class
Attributes
Methods
BSP View
Response <form ...>
<input
...>
</form>
Demo
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Complex MVC Scenarios
Complex call sequence BSP Controller BSP View

<form ...>
METHOD
during one HTTP request DO_REQUEST
<input

...>
...
Parts of a page CALL_VIEW
</form>
aggregated during
runtime BSP View
BSP View
<form ...>
<input <form ...>
...> <input
</form> ...>
BSP Controller </form>
BSP Controller METHOD
Request DO_REQUEST
METHOD ... BSP View
DO_REQUEST CALL_VIEW
Response CALL_VIEW <form ...>
CALL_CONTR <input
...>
</form>
controller and views

BSP View
BSP Controller
combined into
<form ...>
components METHOD
DO_REQUEST <input
... ...>
CALL_VIEW </form>
Demo
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Web Dynpro as a Unification Platform

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'HYHORSPHQW (QYLURQPHQW Web Dynpro Web Dynpro
Minimize coding, maximize design Tools Meta-Data
Support reuse of components
Support web services and data-binding
Separate layout and programming logic Web Dynpro Runtime
.NET J2EE ABAP
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From platform
From UI technology
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Browser based front-end, zero footprint
Flicker-free screen, minimal refreshes
Client-side dynamics
Minimal response times
Personalization of the user interface 0XO
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,QWHUQHWW
508 accessibility compliance
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Web Dynpro Landscape
Web Dynpro Meta-Data

Web Dynpro Dynpro
Platform-independent
Tools Converter
C# Java ABAP
C# Generator Java Generator ABAP Generator

Dynpros
C# / .NET Java / J2EE ABAP
.NET Runtime Java Runtime ABAP Runtime
Portal
Web Services
WD WD WD WD WD WD
Dynpro
Services Controls Services Controls Services Controls
Common Native
.NET .NET J2EE J2EE ABAP ABAP
Runtime Web AS
Services Services
Web Dynpro Web Dynpro
Unified UI Elements Unified Rendering
Web Dynpro Architecture ABAP
Designtime Runtime
WD Tools (SE80)
Project Application WD
Browser Modeler
Generator Runtime
View
Controller
Model for ABAP
/Context
Designer Editor
Editor
Metadata API Runtime Metadata API
Design Gen.
time Runtime
Objects Objects
Database
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Tools – ABAP Workbench (SE80) Integration
New object list for Web

Dynpro Component
Tool navigation
Active/Inactive-
Management
Integrated in the
Transport Organizer
Tools – Application Modeller
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Hierarchical editing of Viewset hierarchy
Hierarchical/table editing of navigational links
Wizards for optimizing complex operations
Property box
No graphical support
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Tools - View Designer
Trigger events
Construction /
manipulation
of UI Tree
using Metadata API
Render (UR)
Controller Editor
)XQFWLRQDOLW\
Tabstrip for entities (e.g. events, validators, eventhandlers,… )
Wizards for frequently used tasks
Integrated method editor (syntax check, …)
Automatic code generation
Synchronization of
declarative and coded parts
Separation of generated
and manually implemented
parts
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Context Editor
)XQFWLRQDOLW\
Hierarchical editing of context
nodes/attributes
Data binding
Drag and drop support
Property box
Context view for View
Designer
Pattern-based UI Design
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faster learning, less training
less user specialization
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Business Processes Business
screen layout, interaction and Processes
semantics for a generic application
Components
reusable, task-oriented building
blocks
Controls
Components
atomic elements in the layout,
constitute the look & feel
$VVHPEO\OLQH 'HYHORSPHQW RI
8,V
Developing a User Interface =

parameterize a Business Process
less development, less Controls
maintenance
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Do's and Don'ts Writing BSP Applications
,VVXH
You want to develop a web application based on Web AS 6.20. This is why you
have chosen Business Server Pages as the means to create your application.
You want to stay consistent with SAP's strategic Web Dynpro approach, and
you expect that you can extend and modify your application in later releases via
Web Dynpro tools. You are aware that BSP is one of the runtimes of Web
Dynpro.
'R
V
Use only BSP HTMLB Extensions (tags)

Use the Model-View-Controller (MVC) programming model offered by BSP
Clearly separate business from visualization logic
'RQW
V
Do not use Web AS 6.10

Do not use native HTML
Do not use scripting - neither client-side, nor server-side
Do not use "old" BSP Page based approach
Do not mix business with visualization logic
Further Advice
Use the CL_BSP_MODEL base class for your models
Do not use view attributes (except model references)
Bind your tag attributes to the model only
Use the <bsp:viewArea> tag to embed views in pages
Make sure that your view layouts do not contain <htmlb:content>,

<htmlb:form>, <htmlb:page> or <htmlb:document * > tags
Do not use the BSP NAVIGATION object
Make your application stateful
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Summary
BSP: Serverside Scripting Model
Free HTML: max flexibility
BSP Extensions: predefined UI elements
Model View Controller: mighty

framework for structuring
Web Dynpro: Tools, generators for max.

productivity
4 $
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Copyright 2002 SAP AG. All Rights Reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express
permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice.
Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other
software vendors.
Microsoft®, WINDOWS®, NT®, EXCEL®, Word®, PowerPoint® and SQL Server® are registered trademarks of
Microsoft Corporation.
IBM®, DB2®, DB2 Universal Database, OS/2®, Parallel Sysplex®, MVS/ESA, AIX®, S/390®, AS/400®, OS/390®,
OS/400®, iSeries, pSeries, xSeries, zSeries, z/OS, AFP, Intelligent Miner, WebSphere®, Netfinity®, Tivoli®, Informix
and Informix® Dynamic ServerTM are trademarks of IBM Corporation in USA and/or other countries.
ORACLE® is a registered trademark of ORACLE Corporation.
UNIX®, X/Open®, OSF/1®, and Motif® are registered trademarks of the Open Group.
Citrix®, the Citrix logo, ICA®, Program Neighborhood®, MetaFrame®, WinFrame®, VideoFrame®, MultiWin® and
other Citrix product names referenced herein are trademarks of Citrix Systems, Inc.
HTML, DHTML, XML, XHTML are trademarks or registered trademarks of W3C®, World Wide Web Consortium,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
JAVA® is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.
JAVASCRIPT® is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc., used under license for technology invented and
implemented by Netscape.
MarketSet and Enterprise Buyer are jointly owned trademarks of SAP Markets and Commerce One.
SAP, SAP Logo, R/2, R/3, mySAP, mySAP.com and other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well as
their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and in several other countries
all over the world. All other product and service names mentioned are trademarks of their respective companies.
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Oct. 28 – Oct. 30, 02 St.Leon-Rot

Developing Web Applications

Ulrich Klingels, SAP AG

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 2

 Business Server Pages

 Model View Controller

 Outlook Web Dynpro for ABAP

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 3

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 4

Business Server Pages - Hello World

D VLPSOH %63 SDJH WKDW  <%@page language="abap"%> Layout

 Shows serverside scripting with

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 5

BSP Application Structure

 Arbitrary additional files

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 6

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 7

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 8

BSP – Initialization and Layout

Business Server Page

Attribute Typ. Ass.Type Page Attributes

Every page has a defined

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 9

(YHQWV WKDW DUH FDOOHG GXULQJ WKH

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 10

 Objects that are

 Example: tables that are

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 11

BSP Page BSP

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 12

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 13

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 14

8VHG IRU XVHU LQSXW <form action="/cgi-bin/proc.pl" method=get>

 checkboxes <form method=get>

 file upload ... <input type=checkbox name="sel"

 as part of the URL <form action="/cgi-bin/procxls.pl" method=post>

 as part of the request body Upload Text File:

<form action="output.htm" method="post" >

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 15

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 16

Where to do the Input Processing?

3UREOHP ZLWK VXFK

<form ...> <form ...>

page Y depends on the if state ...

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 17

Event after the Input

6ROXWLRQ IRU WKH Adress.htm Order.htm

QDYLJDWLRQ SUREOHP ... ...

 It would be much better to <form ...>

 New user input handling

 Navigation to next pages

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 18

Business Server Pages - Input Processing

Business Server Page

data: carr TYPE string. Input Processing

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 19

BSPs - Input Processing Event ID

Business Server Page

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 20

 SAP AG 2002, SAPSkills Conference, Klingels / 21

BSP Extensions – Tag Libraries

 Flicker free (delta

Business Server Pages

Model View Controller

Outlook Web Dynpro for ABAP

D VLPSOH %63 SDJH WKDW <%@page language="abap"%> Layout

Shows serverside scripting with

Arbitrary additional files

Objects that are

Example: tables that are

checkboxes <form method=get>

file upload ... <input type=checkbox name="sel"

as part of the URL <form action="/cgi-bin/procxls.pl" method=post>

as part of the request body Upload Text File:

QDYLJDWLRQ SUREOHP ... ...

It would be much better to <form ...>

New user input handling

Navigation to next pages

Flicker free (delta

<textView> <group> <fileUpload>

Layout rendering and event handling is done by the

Extend the BSP programming model with the MVC paradigm

Complex call sequence BSP Controller BSP View

controller and views

New object list for Web

Developing a User Interface =

Use only BSP HTMLB Extensions (tags)

Do not use Web AS 6.10

Use the CL_BSP_MODEL base class for your models

Do not use view attributes (except model references)

Bind your tag attributes to the model only

Use the <bsp:viewArea> tag to embed views in pages

Make sure that your view layouts do not contain <htmlb:content>,

Do not use the BSP NAVIGATION object

Make your application stateful

BSP: Serverside Scripting Model

Free HTML: max flexibility

BSP Extensions: predefined UI elements

Model View Controller: mighty

Web Dynpro: Tools, generators for max.