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ANSWER KEY READER 8

1. Anne Bakes a Cake determined to make her cake despite having


Lucy Maud Montgomery (30 November caught a cold from playing in the spring the
1874 – 24 April 1942), called ‘Maud’ by previous evening. She drew a long breath
family and friends and publicly known as L when she shut the oven door, showing how
M Montgomery, was a Canadian author best breathlessly she had been working on the
known for a series of novels beginning with cake and how anxious she was for it to turn
Anne of Green Gables, published in 1908. out well. 6. “Anne felt that Mrs Allan’s
Anne of Green Gables was an immediate approving smile was almost too much
success. The central character, Anne, an happiness for this world.” 7. No, she
orphaned girl, made Montgomery famous didn’t, because the text says Anne was red
in her lifetime and gave her an international with embarrassment after tasting the cake
following. The first novel was followed by and she didn’t expect the cake to taste the
a series of sequels with Anne as the central way it did. 8. Not only had the cake
character. Montgomery went on to publish turned out badly due to Anne using Anodyne
20 novels as well as 530 short stories, 500 Liniment instead of vanilla, but also Anne
poems, and 30 essays. had failed to smell the contents of the bottle
before using them, due to her cold.
Understanding the Text 9. Anne jumped up because she realised that
A. 1. “Avonlea opened its heart to them from the person she had been talking to was not
the start—everyone liked the cheerful young Marilla but Mrs Allan. 10. No, because
man and the bright, gentle lady who was his Anne ‘permitted herself to be led down and
wife.” 2. Yes. Marilla must have been comforted’. The paragraph also says that she
bored by them because when Anne tells had enjoyed the evening more than she had
her she asked her teacher a lot of questions, expected.
Marilla says ‘I believe you’. 3. Marilla B. 1. a. plenty of cake and other things to eat,
wants to invite Mr and Mrs Allan home without Anne’s layer cake b. The problem
because she has heard that they had been was of the possibility of Anne’s cake not
everywhere else in the neighbourhood but rising. c. Marilla’s view was that Anne’s
hadn’t visited the Cuthberts’ home yet. cake was not very important nor necessary,
Marilla took a lot of trouble to make great as there were other things to eat, but Anne
preparations because hosting the minister was worried that if the cake didn’t rise, she
and his wife to tea was an important would fail to bake a nice cake for Mrs Allan.
matter and Marilla did not want to be 2. a. Marilla saw Mrs Allan’s expression.
outdone by any of the other Avonlea It was a strange expression indicating
housekeepers. 4. Anne is nervous and that there was something wrong with the
often doubts her own ability whereas Diana cake. b. Marilla guessed that there was
is confident that things will turn out well something wrong with the cake. She quickly
and is reassuring. Anne is imaginative and tasted the cake to confirm her guess.
rather high-strung whereas Diana is calm c. Anne did not notice it probably because
and logical. 5. Anne couldn’t sleep that Mrs Allan did not say a word and ate the
night and got up early, at sunrise. She was cake steadily. Also, Anne hadn’t eaten the

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cake herself yet. 3. a. Mrs Allan’s Spelling


kindly voice, speaking to Anne, in Anne’s
1. submit 2. ship 4. label
bedroom. b. Tell Mrs Allan that the
liniment Anne had put into the cake by 6. worship 7. travel
mistake was not poisonous. Writing
Anne of Green Gables is a young orphan girl
Structure and Usage adopted by the Cuthberts and who studies
A. 2. hasn’t it 3. is it 4. haven’t we in the local school. She is cheerful and
5. didn’t it 6. did she 7. hasn’t she enthusiastic. Easily influenced, she readily
8. have I falls in love with someone who shows her
B. 2. changed 3. wanted 4. was kindness. She is also energetic and works
hard to create great things, such as a very
5. had 6. was 7. were 8. had
tasty cake. She likes to delight the people
9. continues 10. looked
she loves.
Words in Use As is true for anybody else, she has her
A. 2. We had waited so long for the Anushka weaknesses. She easily becomes nervous
Shankar concert, that we were extremely for one, and is frequently anxious about
excited when the day finally arrived. how her projects will turn out. She worries
3. After the boy had been pulled up for about how things might turn out—in fact
breaking the window, everybody kept quiet some believe she ‘has a talent for making
about the matter. 4. She was so nervous mistakes’—and when she does, she worries
that we had to keep telling her that more about what people might think about
everything would go according to plan in the her. She loses courage and hope almost
end. 5. I didn’t want Mother to know I instantly and breaks down easily.
was scared by the crashing thunder and kept But in spite of everything, she is an honest
reading as though nothing was wrong. girl, and it’s difficult not to like her for all
B. 1. It did not take long for us to open our her positive and pleasant qualities.
hearts to the large family that moved in
next door with their numerous pets. In the Bazaars of Hyderabad
2. Ravi is such a determined athlete, that he Sarojini Naidu is famously known as the
works hard not to be outdone by even the Nightingale of India. She was born in
best. 3. Selma is excited about her first Hyderabad in 1879 and began writing at
painting exhibition, which she is holding the age of 12; she published her collection
tomorrow, but sometimes she grows cold of poems, The Golden Threshold in 1905.
thinking of how it might go. 4. When She worked with many leaders like Gopal
Renu fell of her chair in class, she Krishna Gokhale, Rabindranath Tagore,
thought she would never be able to live it Mahatma Gandhi and Annie Besant during
down. 5. Mother, I have just one more the freedom struggle and travelled to
algebra equation to solve. I shall join you for different regions in India delivering lectures
dinner as soon as I’m done with it. on social welfare, women’s empowerment
and nationalism.
Dictionary Work Understanding the Poem
1. He did not know the answer. 2. I really 1. goldsmiths, fruitmen, musicians, magicians
do not want to go. and flower-girls 2. Vendors weigh

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ANSWER KEY

saffron, lentil and rice. The maidens grind another male gharial who wants to take
sandalwood, henna and rice. The pedlars sell over his domain. He wants to scare him
expensive board games. We know they are off. c. The other male gharial will retreat
expensive because the dice are made of ivory. in fear or both males will fight with each
3. Goldsmiths make ornaments for humans other. 2. a. The text is talking about the
and pets. They make bells for the feet of blue female gharial’s babies. They follow their
pigeons. 4. The magicians announce mother. b. They went from the nest to the
themselves with chants. They sell spells that river. c. This was unusual because baby
will last for aeons to come. 5. the flower- crocodiles usually need to be carried to the
girls 6. The bazaar is for everyone. river by their mothers.
People can buy everyday necessities like C. 1. They wanted to rear the baby gharials in
spices and lentils, and also buy expensive captivity, so that they could ensure that they
items like jewellery. would survive and grow into adults. 2.
Appreciating the Poem Yes, it was. It was part of Project Crocodile
A. 1. a 2. c 3. a 4. b 5. c which was set up in 1974 by the Indian
Government with help from the UN. The
B. 1. (4, 6)
gharials were dying out and it was decided
2. Wristlet and anklet and ring,
that a captive-breeding programme would be
Frail as a dragon-fly’s wing,
implemented to ensure the survival of
Scabbards of gold for the king.
the gharial. 3. Yes, they did. But
3. Pair – Citron, pomegranate, and plum.
their project was a failure. The gharials
Cithar, sarangi and drum.
were flushed downstream during the
Triplet – With tassels of azure and red?
monsoon. 4. Yes, he is. He feels that
Chaplets to garland his bed.
people have finally come to understand how
To perfume the sleep of the dead.
important it is to save the gharial.
2. Saving the Gharial Structure and Usage
Understanding the Text A. 2. could 3. must 4. will 5. may
A. 1. It looks different from other crocodiles in B. 2. may 3. can 4. would,
having a long snout and slim jaws. should 5. Could 6. might, Should
2. Male gharials grow, at the end of the snout, 7. shouldn’t 8. needn’t, can
an appendage that resembles a pot through
Words in Use
which they produce a buzz-snort.
1. threatening 2. vanishing
3. The male gharial also uses the snout to
3. Boring 4. worried 5. broken
produce a jaw clap. 4. Unlike other
6. divided 7. complicated
female crocodiles which have to carry their
8. forgotten
young from the nest to the water, a female
gharial just puts her babies outside the nest Listening
and moves towards the river. The babies a. c. f. g.
follow her like ducklings. 5. Unlike other
Spelling
crocodiles which live in ponds and lakes,
1. fascinated 2. ascent
gharials live in rivers, eating only fish.
3. dissent 4. accent
B. 1. a. The male gharial that controls that 5. conscious 6. scented
part of the river. b. He is surging towards 7. conscience 8. assure

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3. Gogol’s First Day Gogol will eventually get used to it. Mrs
Jhumpa Lahiri (born in 1967) was born in Lapidus is neither convinced nor does she
London and raised in Rhode Island. She is approve. 2. b
the recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship
and author of two previous books. Her Structure and Usage
debut collection of stories, Interpreter A. 1. Gogol feels he cannot bear it if his good
of Maladies, was awarded the Pulitzer name is used in school. 2. Ashoke
Prize, the PEN/Hemingway Award and wanted Mrs Lapidus to wait until Gogol got
The New Yorker Debut of the Year. Her used to his good name. 3. Mrs Lapidus
novel The Namesake was a New York wondered if Nikhil followed English.
Times Notable Book, a Los Angeles Times 4. The contract states that the writer has to
Book Prize finalist and was selected as be ready to promote his book around the
one of the best books of the year by USA country. 5. There would be no further
Today and Entertainment Weekly, among recruitment for a few years, we felt
other publications. She lives in Brooklyn, sure. 6. How can anyone predict if it
New York. will happen again?

Understanding the Text B. 1. Although Mrs Lapidus did not understand


A. 1. ‘He is afraid to be Nikhil—someone he a word, she wrote the name Gogol on the
doesn’t know and who doesn’t know him.’ registration form. 2. Ashoke says
2. Gogol’s parents tell him that having a new goodbye and tells Gogol to be good.
name is a part of growing up. They teach 3. The footballers use shin guards and ankle
him to write his new name so that he gets supports so that they protect themselves
used to it. They promise him that they will from bruises and sprains. 4. I am told
always call him Gogol at home. 3. Mrs that the state of my bedroom when I leave
Lapidus bends down so that her face is level for school is quite untidy! 5. We ate
with Gogol’s. She does this to assure him lunch at a local canteen and didn’t mind the
that he need not be afraid. 4. Ashoke crowd as the food was excellent.
speaks to Gogol in English asking him to Words in Use
respond to Mrs Lapidus. When he does so, 1. twice a year 2. once in three
he addresses him as Gogol and Mrs Lapidus months 3. a stand with three legs
hears the name for the first time. 5. 4. a shape which has three sides 5. a cycle
Gogol speaks to Mrs Lapidus only after his with three wheels 6. an animal with two
father leaves. He is nervous as his father legs 7. multiplied four times 8. one
insists on him being called Nikhil. Gogol fourth 9. a geometrical shape with four
however wants to be known by the name he sides; a rectangular area surrounded on all
is used to. 6. The art class is Gogol’s sides by buildings 10. once in four years
favourite hour at school.
B. 1. a. She accepts that Ashoke wants him to Functions
be known as Nikhil. b. She wants to know 1. Excuse me, could you let me
the reason why the parents want him to be through? 2. Forgive me for
known as Nikhil at school. c. Ashoke troubling you, could you tell me where
struggles to explain why he wants his son ______________ is? 3. Pardon me.
to be known by a different name at school 4. Pardon? 5. Forgive me/Pardon me,
and a different one at home. He says that but could you explain to me…?

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ANSWER KEY

Dictionary Work publications for New Hope International


It is correct to say ‘Please do the needful…’ Online, has performed her work around
as it means ‘please do whatever is necessary Edinburgh and has facilitated workshops on
in this regard.’ But it is not preferred usage creative writing and recycled art.
in international communication.
Understanding the Poem
Writing A. 1. The speaker is addressing the cranes. The
Let me tell you how puzzled I was about the word ‘ghosts’ in the second line indicates
name of a little boy this morning. He is an that they are already dead. 2. The two
Indian boy from an Indian family settled in dances refer to the dance of the birds that
this country. The boy and his parents were could once be seen in fields and the dance of
applying for his admission to the school, urban machines that are used in constructing
so I tried to get acquainted with them. The cities. The birds’ dance represents the beauty
boy’s name was written as Nikhil in the of nature while the machines represent the
application, so I addressed him by that destruction of this beauty. 3. ‘Fading
name. But he just kept looking at his feet, as crackle of energy’ and ‘some grainy video
if he hadn’t been spoken to. I wondered if footage’ are all that is left of the cranes.
he understood English and his father assured The words ‘all that remains’ indicates that
me he did. After first trying in English, he very little is left of the cranes, and the
bent down and spoke to his son in an Indian words ‘fading’ and ‘grainy’ tell us that those
language, but I heard him calling him by a remains are in very poor condition.
different name. 4. The people in the new cities watch the
Now I understood why the boy did not videos and marvel at the beauty of the
respond to me when I called him by the natural world that the cranes inhabited. In
name written in the application form. But contrast, the speaker mourns the loss of the
the father insisted we call him Nikhil. So cranes and the rest of the natural world.
after he left, I asked the boy what name he B. 1. Yes, the city-dwellers also appreciate the
would prefer. The boy clearly preferred the beauty of nature. 2. Although the city-
name his parents called him. I thought so. It dwellers marvel at nature, their fascination
is so important for a child to be comfortable remains superficial and they do not feel as
at school. We needed to provide him with a connected to nature as the speaker because
space that is not threatening. So I decided to they have not had a first-hand experience
call him by the name he wanted. I conveyed with the birds. They may miss the videos but
the same to his parents. It is important that will not be as deeply affected as the speaker.
parents understand what the children prefer
even if it is something as elementary as Appreciating the Poem
choosing what they want to be known as. 1. b – a sense of loss. ‘All that remain’;
‘wonders the world once held’
The Lost Dances of Cranes 2. ‘fading crackle’, ‘grainy video footage’;
Juliet Wilson was born in Manchester ‘wonders the world once held’.
and studied in Edinburgh, where she still
lives. She writes environmental poetry and 4. The Last Class
edits the blog magazine Bolts of Silk. She Alphonse Daudet (13 May 1840 – 16
has had over 50 poems published in UK December 1897) was a French short-story
poetry journals, regularly reviews poetry writer and novelist, now remembered

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chiefly as the author of tales about Spelling


provincial life in the south of France. 1. complement; compliment 2. diary;
Understanding the Text dairy 3. coarse; course
1. a 2. a 3. d 4. b 5. d 4. weather; whether 5. differ;
defer 6. decent; descent
Structure and Usage
Writing
A. 1. active 2. passive with DO
The German army aimed to dominate the
3. passive with IO 4. passive with IO
regions they had taken over by imposing
5. active 6. passive with DO
their language on them. They intended to
B. 1. The ticket money was refunded to the convert the French people into Germans.
audience by the organisers. However, when the orders were sent to
The audience was refunded the ticket the school that they could no longer teach
money by the organisers. French, the villagers came to attend school
2. Lunch is provided to all staff by the and the students were more attentive
company. than ever in their last French class. When
All staff is provided with lunch by the everyone learned that they could no longer
company. learn French, they regretted not having
Words in Use learnt it. They were more determined to
A. 1. not know the first thing about speak their language than ever. They were
2. comrade 3. solemn 4. tiresome determined to keep their language alive and
5. reproach 6. cling 7. heart- therefore reject German rule.
rending 8. motioned
Unfolding Bud
B. 1. If you work on your violin lessons Naoshi Koriyama is a professor emeritus
regularly, you will master it soon enough. of literature at Toyo University and the
2. I had counted on my brother to wake me author of about ten books of poetry and
up on time. 3. We were playing in the non-fiction. Born in southern Japan in
playground and, as it happened, we saw our 1926, he obtained a B.A. degree from the
cousins driving past to our house to surprise State University of New York in Albany in
us. 4. We heard nothing but bird calls in 1954. He first became interested in poetry
the forest, that early in the morning. when his professor asked him to give a talk
Functions on Japanese poetry. He translated a few
1. The paintings are beautiful. I enjoyed Japanese poems for the talk and since then
looking at all of them. 2. How began studying poetry. As he became more
wonderful! Thank you. 3. Great job! interested in literature, he wrote poems
regularly in Japanese and English.
Listening
1. are being spoken 2. is expected to Understanding the Poem
shrink 3. stunned 1. The water-lily blooms over several days.
4. would have ceased to exist 5. is The first stanza talks about how the water-
lost 6. cultural heritage lily blooms with each passing day taking on
7. the relationship 8. within our families new colours and growing in size.
or 9. the way we express 2. As the water-lily opens up, the colours
10. a collection of words 11. When a and the dimensions change. 3. The first
language dies out reading of a poem is compared to a closed

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ANSWER KEY

bud. This is not surprising, as most poems essays, now available in a volume entitled
do not reveal their full meaning and message Writing from the Margin and Other Essays.
until they have been read over and over
Understanding the Text
again. 4. We are surprised by the poem
A. 1. Manju and Babu had gone to watch the
when we have read it many times, as the
procession. 2. The college students were
poem’s inner meaning slowly reveals itself
taking out a procession. 3. They served
to us. 5. The poem unfolds itself only
a notice on the collector when they reached
when the reader reads it many times.
the gates. 4. After dinner, Suman
6. The poem opens up and reveals its rich
came in with a boy who was carrying a
inner self.
cyclostyling machine. 5. Patil, the Sub-
Appreciating the Poem Inspector, came in to warn the family.
1. The word ‘unfolding’ brings out the 6. Patil took away the machine. 7. The
similarity between the flower and the poem. police had come to search the house.
While the flower unfolds to reveal its
colours, the poem unfolds to reveal its inner B. 1. The protesters wanted to warn the British
meaning. 2. The words used to describe government that they will have to face the
the poem are ‘tight-closed’ and ‘tiny consequences if they did not leave India.
bud’. These words signify that the poem’s That from now on, they will be treated like
inner beauty is closed to the reader at the the enemy. 2. Patil assured Mohan
beginning. 3. The last three lines show that he was a friend and also a patriot.
how a poem needs to be read. Separating the 3. Since the family was warned, they knew
words into three different lines makes the who it was who had come to the house.
reading slower and conveys that this is how They knew the police had come to search
every poem must be read. 4. This poem the house.
teaches us that a poem needs to be read and Structure and Usage
understood slowly and over a period of time. 1. to succeed 2. to make 3. speaking
Every poem needs to be read multiple times 4. to open 5. shouting, to wake
before it can be fully understood and 6. meeting 7. smoking 8. to set
appreciated. A short story, in contrast, takes
Words in Use
just one reading for it to be understood.
A. 1. eagerly 2. immensely
5. The Narayanpur Incident 3. declaration 4. quit
Shashi Deshpande (born in 1938) is an award- 5. peered 6. alert
winning Indian novelist. She is the second 7. tensed 8. spying
daughter of famous Kannada dramatist 9. lugged 10. announce
and writer Sriranga. She published her first B. 1. In those days, Nowadays 2. at this
collection of short stories in 1978, and her first moment 3. at present
novel, The Dark Holds No Terrors, in 1980. 4. presently 5. at the same time
She won the Sahitya Akademi Award for the
novel That Long Silence in 1990 and the Functions
Padma Shri award in 2009. 1. I admit I find that a little hard to
believe. 2. I do hope you are not serious.
Shashi Deshpande has written four 3. Do you really mean it? 4. Come on,
children’s books, a number of short stories, don’t say you believe that. 5. You must
and nine novels, besides several perceptive be joking!

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Punctuation town? What have you been up to? When you


1. dentist’s 2. not needed come over for the holidays, I will have many
3. Anil’s 4. women’s 5. Johar’s things to tell you.
6. not needed 7. Keats’ 8. visitors’ Yours affectionately,
Writing Babu
Address
6. Can Animals Reason?
Date
Understanding the Text
Dear Raju, A. 1. a 2. b 3. c 4. d
How are you? We have had some exciting B. 1. The salmon shows a remarkable memory
and dangerous events here lately. Mohan has by going back to the same river where it was
been taking part in processions and protests born, even though it lives in the sea.
against the British government. He has a 2. The Egyptian Vulture shows the
friend named Suman with whom he secretly ability of logic, while choosing a stone
works on many things that I haven’t found to crack the egg. 3. The chimpanzee
out about yet. But last week, the day of the displays judgement while choosing a granite
procession, Suman brought a parcel home, stone to crack open the hard shells of the
which Amma and Mohan took into the pooja nuts it likes to eat. It decides to choose a
room. Manju and I wondered about it but heavy stone if it needs to be carried a short
weren’t allowed to see what was going on. distance, and a lighter stone if it needs to be
We were really curious. Mohan saw that we carried a longer distance. 4. The ability
wanted to be a part of this, so he allowed us to judge is the most advanced.
to stay awake and keep watch at the door 5. The chimpanzees abilities are not that
to warn them if anyone was coming. Soon surprising considering that they are our
enough, Sub-inspector Patil walked towards closest living relatives in the evolutionary
our house. He had come to warn us that the scale. 6. Gorillas and Orangutans
police were going to search our house. They 7. Chimpanzees, especially the males, tend
had got news of the parcel, which happened to become more aggressive as they become
to be a cyclostyling machine. Mohan wanted older.
to make copies of Gandhiji’s speech. Mohan
did not want to trust Patil, but Amma did. Structure and Usage
He was an old friend of our father’s. Patil 1. Intelligence is a complex ability which
helped Mohan and Amma to get rid of the cannot be defined precisely. 2. The
machine. vulture picks up a stone and drops it on the
egg which it wants to break. 3. The
I don’t know what would have happened if salmon spends years in the open sea but
Patil had not warned us. We are scared to always returns to the place where it was
even think of it. Just as he had warned, the born. 4. The chimpanzees want to open
police came a few hours later. And found those nuts, which are quite hard.
nothing. What a relief! That was the closest 5. Each chimpanzee has to judge the weight
I came to being in prison. Now that is past, of a stone that it has to carry. 6. At the
it feels exciting to have seen something marine animals station in Hawaii, acrobatic
like this. feats are performed by dolphins, which are
Are there any protests going on in your also intelligent creatures.

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Words in Use The Elephant and the Tragopan


A. 1. capacity 2. communicate Vikram Seth is an Indian poet, novelist,
3. primate 4. console 5. remarkable travel writer, children’s writer and
6. human 7. thanks to 8. symbol biographer. He has received several
9. vocabulary 10. sequence awards including the Padma Shri, the WH
Smith Literary Award and the Crossword
B. 1. uneatable 2. uncontrollable
Book Award. Mappings and Beastly Tales
3. unimaginable 4. unbearable
are some of his notable contributions to
5. unpredictable 6. unspeakable
poetry. He has also written novels like The
1. inseparable 2. inescapable
Golden Gate, A Suitable Boy and An Equal
3. incurable 4. inaccessible
Music.
5. inapplicable 6. invaluable
Understanding the Poem
Spelling 1. The list of qualities that the elephant
1. manageable 2. advisable gives brings out the contradictions in human
3. negotiable 4. sustainable nature. Man is sane and mad, loving and
5. agreeable 6. accountable brutal, says the elephant. In the middle of
7. knowledgeable 8. treatable all this, is man’s selfish nature. It is because
9. forgettable 10. navigable of his selfish thinking that he behaves
irrationally and in a destructive way.
Writing
2. Man thinks that the world belongs to him.
Sir, I refer to the article called ‘Do Animals
Because of this, he destroys the environment
Reason?’ in your Sunday edition last week.
indiscriminately, without regard to any of
Though I agree with the writer about
the creatures co-habiting the planet. The
how most animals display some form of
planet and therefore, everything living on it
intelligence or the other, I do not see why
is in danger of destruction because of this
the writer says that this is startling. Although
attitude. 3. When more and more roads
humans are the most evolved of all species
are built, it inevitably leads to deforestation.
in terms of intelligence, it is but natural
As our cities grow bigger and humans
to find some shared abilities with other
spread out deeper into the wilderness, more
creatures who share the same planet and
roads are built into forests. 4. The fire
the same evolutionary path. We know that
set/lit to burn down the forest will leave
some species evolved faster than others,
soot and ash that will kill the creatures in
while some evolved further. Some species
the stream before the reservoir can be built.
even went extinct as their evolution was
The line from the poem is, ‘What tolls for
either too slow or inadequate with regards
us is your own bell’. 5. The elephant is
to the changing environment. However, in
saying this to the leopard and all the forest
the species that currently exist, the levels of
denizens. Man’s destructive behaviour will
intelligence needed to survive must equip
cause all animals to be homeless.
them with a decent level of memory, logic
and reasoning ability. In my humble opinion, Appreciating the Poem
the intelligence displayed by other species 1. Examples: He rips out flesh and tears
comes as no surprise. our skin
Name Is destined for his mouth or hand
Name of city For we will live or die together
2. The stanza brings out the contradictions

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in human nature. It is filled with word Delhi retains some of the old traditions even
pairs that are opposite in meaning, now. 2. a. paras 1 and 2 b. para 3
in order to bring out strongly what a c. a description of the author’s family home
‘sticky mess’ man is. It is because of and family d. paras 5, 6 and 7 e. para 8
this contradictory nature that man is a 3. As the train approached the Yamuna, the
difficult creature to understand—‘the children were given coins to throw into the
good as puzzling as the bad.’ The words river. They were told that when the coins hit
used in the stanza serve to highlight the the water, the children would get blessings.
confusing nature of human behaviour The children enjoyed sitting at the window
and also sharply contrast the irrationality and throwing coins into the water.
of his actions. 4. The author describes the view of the
city as a miniature painting, while the sun
Going Further
shines on the domes and minarets.
By addressing the leopard’s fantasy of
5. The author talks about the food in
having a forestful of deer and the trout’s
Delhi and the food that the Moghul rulers
vision of endless space, the elephant reminds
preferred. We also learn about the history
them that if the forest goes, all creatures go
of Delhi’s cuisine. Yes, Delhi’s rulers
with it. This implies that some of the animals
were thinking about their home just as
may not fully realise the extent of the
the author is looking back on hers’. They
danger they are facing. When they see other
missed the climate and the food the most.
creatures dying out or fleeing, they may
6. There were no less than thirty people
selfishly think that they will get to enjoy the
in grandfather’s family. The author says
space and food left behind by those animals.
that she could not imagine a family being
The elephant cautions them that this is not
smaller than thirty members. About a dozen
the case. The bell that tolls for the forest is
of them were children. 7. The author’s
the death bell for all.
family was very large and they must have
7. Coming Home to Delhi had to use their cars several times to go out.
Madhur Jaffrey, now regarded by many They would have mastered the art while
as the world authority on Indian food, is doing it so many times. The first layer in the
an award-winning actress and bestselling car consisted of short ladies and teenagers.
cookery author. Her first book, An Invitation On their laps went the second layer
to Indian Cookery, was published in 1973 consisting of ten to twelve-year-olds. The
and her TV show Madhur Jaffrey’s Indian third layer consisted of children below the
Cookery for the BBC made her a household age of ten. The tall men sat in the front seat.
name. On their laps sat the ten to twelve-year-
olds holding baskets and pots. 8. The
She has appeared in over 20 films, including
author as a young girl carried her lunch in a
Merchant Ivory’s Heat and Dust, and written
tiffin carrier filled with chapatis, vegetables
over 15 cookery books, including Madhur
and a piece of mango pickle. “Chapatis are
Jaffrey’s Ultimate Curry Bible and Curry Easy.
cooked over hot fires, buttered and stacked
Understanding the Text with the vegetables and a piece of mango
A. 1. This text is about the author’s view of pickle in a tiffin carrier to be carried by
Delhi as she had experienced it, in her many people on their way to schools and
childhood and also when she ‘came home’. offices, just as I did on my way to school
In the last paragraph, she talks about how in Delhi.”

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ANSWER KEY

Structure and Usage Where the Mind is Without Fear


A. 1. The vendors offered hot tea which was Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941) achieved
served in terracotta cups. 2. Some dishes early success as a writer in his native
of Indian food today are Persian that were Bengal. Soon, he became rapidly known
brought over by the Moghuls. in the West through his translated work,
3. Women, who were kept at home most of and he often travelled on lecture tours
the time, did not see much of the outside and tours of friendship. Although Tagore
world. 4. Grandfather would lecture to wrote successfully in all literary genres,
the two dozen children who were seated on poetry remained his first love. Among his
benches in front of the fire. 5. The cars fifty-odd volumes of poetry are Manasi
carried the baskets and pots of food, cooked (1890) [The Ideal One], Gitimalya (1914)
early in the morning. 6. The ten-year- [Wreath of Songs] and Balaka (1916) [The
olds were seated on the laps of teenagers Flight of Cranes]. Besides being an author,
carrying even younger children on their laps. Tagore also created beautiful artwork and
composed music.
B. 1. a 2. z 3. z, z 4. a
5. z, a 6. z, a Understanding the Poem
1. Where there are no lies, where logic and
Words in Use
reasoning motivates action and not just
1. Tourists flood the beach at dawn and
blind habit or superstition, where people
dusk. 2. When I opened my birthday
work hard and strive for perfection, where
present, my heart skipped a beat.
people think and act while being conscious
3. As the years went by, the old city fell into
of God. 2. a. Reason is like a clear
ruins. 4. The army thundered down the
stream. b. Dead habits are like dreary
hill and charged their waiting foes.
desert sand. c. It loses its way.
5. When the little industrial town wakes
d. Following beliefs and ideas mindlessly
up, the sky is covered in a haze of familiar
and superstitiously without thinking destroys
smoke.
our reasoning ability. 3. The heaven
Listening of freedom is a place of tireless effort to
1. The British chose Delhi to be the achieve perfection. 4. The mind
capital for two reasons. 2. Delhi has continuously moves towards ever-widening
a great variety of people from all over the thought and action. 5. The prayer is
country who all live together. 3. The for all humanity. But it is imperative for
Commonwealth Games is the reason why every country to wake up to the heaven of
Delhi was recently given a makeover. freedom, to realise that the world need not
4. The population of Delhi is growing and be broken up into fragments.
this is causing problems. 5. One of the
biggest problems Delhi faces is the pollution Appreciating the Poem
of the Yamuna River. 1. hard work and dedication
Spelling rational thought
1. travelled 2. occurred 3. debited blind beliefs and superstition
4. discussed 5. harnessed progress and development
6. transmitted 7. commuted 2. clear stream of reason; dreary desert sand
8. triggered of dead habit

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8. Owens vs Master Race Speech Practice


Understanding the Text 1. type one 2. type one 3. type
Note to the teacher: Please ensure that the two 4. type one 5. type two
students understand that the term ‘black’ 6. type one
to refer to Africans and African Americans Listening
is no longer acceptable and is in fact, laughed at; cried; just couldn’t love; real
considered offensive today. It is used in the love; hurt my feelings; felt; couldn’t do it;
text because it was the term used to describe wouldn’t have tried
Africans and African Americans at that
time and is therefore used by the author for Punctuation
authenticity. 1. No one was going to forget Jesse
Owens—the Black American who won four
A. 1. a 2. a 3. b 4. d
gold medals. 2. His coach was wrong—
5. a 6. a
the German people were fascinated by
B. 1. This shows Hitler’s racist attitude and Owens. 3. Bats are not birds—they are
how he thought blacks to be inferiors. mammals. 4. He smiled again—a cold,
He had just come to power and he was hard smile. 5. They could never forget
determined to prove to the rest of the world him—he had helped them in their time of
that the Germans were more superior than need. 6. He said that he would do it—
every other race. 2. Jesse Owens had set and he did!
records and performed so well that Hitler’s
plans of hosting the Olympics to prove Writing
German supremacy had failed. Long: Congratulations, Owens! You were
really superb!
Structure and Usage Owens: Thanks to you! You encouraged me,
1. What was most striking (noun remember?
clause) 2. When there was great unrest Long: I could see you were stressed out. I
in the world (adverbial clause) 3. The just wanted you to relax and do your best.
stadium they had built (noun clause) Owens: I’m surprised that as a German you
4. That the Berlin Olympics should be don’t feel that I’m of an inferior race. Don’t
boycotted. (adjective clause) 5. whether you believe in German supremacy?
he should go to Berlin. (noun clause) Long: I don’t like it because the belief in race
6. which race Owens was. (adjective clause) supremacy is disrespectful to fellow humans.
Words in Use Owens: Then, do you think that all races are
came across an old friend – met equal?
came across as a timid and shy person – Long: Yes, I do. I feel every human deserves
appeared to be the same respect. We are all part of the same
come about – happened world.
came into contact – saw and got to know Owens: I can see your point. Even I believe
came into her own – discovered her that every human deserves opportunities to
hidden talents succeed.
come out of her shell – overcome her Long: I’m glad we share the same ideas.
shyness I wish you great success. All the best, my
come over – visit friend!
Owens: To you too, my friend!

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9. A Night to Forget in the play. 9. They skipped three pages


Stan Barstow (28 June 1928 – 1 August ahead which meant that they skipped the
2011) was an English novelist who was policeman’s part completely. 10. No,
noted for his unsentimental depiction of Albert’s part was completely missed out so
working-class life. Barstow grew up in he could not go on stage at all.
a working-class environment and held a B. 1. Albert says this to Mrs. Bostock when
job in the engineering industry until 1962, she comes in to check on him and finds him
when the enormous success of his first book pale. He means to say that it is a completely
A Kind of Loving (1960; film 1962; stage new experience and that he is nervous.
play 1970) enabled him to write full-time. 2. Mrs Bostock says this to Albert who is
Barstow was among a group of young puzzled and scared that he can’t follow the
British writers in the 1950s and 60s who lines anymore. She says this to let him know
became known as the Angry Young Men for that there is no possibility for him to go on
their socially conscious works. Barstow’s stage that night.
later novels included Joby (1964), The
Structure and Usage
Watchers on the Shore (1966), A Raging
A. 1. He could not face all those people. How
Calm (1968), The Right True End (1976),
did he ever imagine he could? 2. He
A Brother’s Tale (1980), and Just You Wait
told her he was all right and realised to his
and See (1986). He also wrote short stories
own surprise he was. 3. She had said his
and adapted several stories and novels for
entrance would be like a thunderclap and he
radio and television.
now felt sure that it would be. 4. The
maid was standing by his side for a while,
Understanding the Text
but now she no longer was. 5. He tried
A. 1. Albert thought that he looked the part of
to find his place in the script but could
a policeman and how convincing he would
not. 6. He was not sure he knew his
be if he went out on the street and tried to
lines well enough but Mrs Bostock assured
act like a real policeman. 2. The early
him that he did. 7. The maid in the play
parts of the play went well as one could
would speak a particular line, and he would
hear the audience laughing along with
make his entrance as soon as she did.
the play. The audience was responsive
and appreciative. 3. Albert felt that B. 1. a 2. the 3. the 4. zero,
he could not go on the stage and play his zero 5. zero 6. The, a
part. He was suddenly overcome by stage Words in Use
fright. 4. The dressing room was under A. 1. revelling 2. climax
the stage. 5. The actors have said their 3. appalling 4. panic 5. cringing
lines perfectly and no one had forgotten 6. appraising 7. feebly 8. recurrent
anything. 6. He realised that he was all 9. cherished any illusions 10. submerging
right and was no longer feeling afraid. Up
until that moment he was panicking and he B. 1. part of something bigger 2. below
had not been aware of the moment when or under 3. below or under 4. part
the stage fright had passed. 7. The of something bigger 5. less than or
play involves two brothers who do not get lower 6. below or under
along. The older brother is disgusted with Dictionary Work
his younger brother who has knocked a man 1. slightly unwell 2. someone who
down. 8. The girl played the maid’s role resembles their parent in character or

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TEACHER RESOURCE

appearance; correct 3. split hairs – to poet and artist. His greatest works are Songs
make small and very fine distinctions. of Innocence, All Religions Are One, among
4. wits’ end – be overwhelmed with others. His poems have a simple, lyrical
problems and at a loss as to what to do next quality that makes it easy for everyone to
5. No, they do not. ‘make do with enjoy them.
something’ means manage with something Understanding the Poem
when you do not have what is needed in 1. The speaker brings out the contrast
sufficient quantity and ‘do with something’ between getting angry with a friend and
means something is about or related to being angry with an enemy. When angry
something with his friend, he tells his friend about it
Writing and the anger ends there. But when angry
It was the first night of the play, and we had with his enemy, he does not tell him about
a full audience. I had my fears about some it, and therefore, it grows. 2. The
of the actors forgetting their lines or, worse words ‘watered’ and ‘sunned’ indicate that
still, skipping large parts of the script. But the speaker treats the anger like a seed. His
all seemed to be going well in the first Act. tears were the water and his false smiles and
When the second Act started, I thought I deceitful wiles served as sunlight.
would check on Albert Royston who was 3. The plant grew because of the bitterness
to appear later in that Act as a policeman. and fear inside, and the falsehood
Albert was acting in a play for the first time, and deceit in the speaker’s outward
and I wanted to see whether he was nervous. behaviour. 4. In the poem, the poison
I went down to the dressing room and found tree bears an apple that is stolen by the
him alone there, looking into the mirror. enemy. The enemy dies eating the apple. In
He looked good dressed as a policeman but the Christian myth, Adam and Eve eat the
his face was pale. He looked sick. I tried to forbidden fruit and they lose their innocence
assure him that he would do well. I also tried and are banned forever from the Garden of
to look indifferent so he wouldn’t worry Eden. So in both cases, we see poison fruit
too much. I thought it would be a good idea from a poison tree—and both are a result of
for him to stand near the stage, so he could human weakness. 5. When the speaker’s
watch the play and forget his nervousness. enemy saw the apple, he wanted it for
He did so and seemed all right. By the time himself even though he knew it was not
his part had almost come around, he almost his. He crept into the speaker’s garden,
seemed confident and assured. The prompter displaying his greed and deceitful behaviour.
hadn’t had to do anything until then. So It shows that he had a greedy and selfish
when I saw Albert look confident, I thought nature. 6. The speaker felt glad to see
everything would go well. And right then, it his enemy dead. He still hated him after he
happened. The actors on the stage messed up was dead. This shows that the anger and
their lines and went right ahead into the play, hatred did not end with his enemy’s death.
skipping three pages! Poor Albert! He was Appreciating the Poem
completely baffled trying to find out where 1. This poem reads like a parable; it tells us
he had missed his lines. He never got to play that hatred and anger are destructive and
his part that night. do no good to anyone.
2. “Till it bore an apple bright;”
A Poison Tree
“When the night had veiled the pole:”
William Blake was an 18th century English

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ANSWER KEY

10. Darjeeling However, mist and clouds could ruin it and


R K Laxman (born 1921) is an Indian one may not get to see anything at all.
cartoonist who created the daily comic B. 1. dazzling majesty 2. Paragraphs 14
strip You Said It. The strip chronicled and 16. The author enjoyed being at the Mall
Indian life and politics through the eyes because he found many interesting people to
of ‘the common man’. Laxman published observe and to talk to.
numerous short stories, essays, and travel
Structure and Usage
articles, some of which were collected
A. 1. It was most unfortunate that the dressed-
in The Distorted Mirror (2003). He also
up tourists were unable to go out.
wrote the novels The Hotel Riviera (1988)
2. To know when the rain would stop
and The Messenger (1993), the short-story
was anybody’s guess. 3. It was most
collection Servants of India (2000), and
dramatic to see the majestic Kanchenjunga
an autobiography, The Tunnel of Time
suddenly. 4. It was lucky to be leaving
(1998). In addition, numerous collections
for Sikkim before the mist spread out
of Laxman’s cartoons have been published.
again. 5. Staying in Darjeeling for a
In 2005, he was awarded the Padma
while without becoming known on the Mall
Vibhushan, India’s second highest civilian
was not possible. 6. It was the price for
honour.
seeing Tiger Hill that one had to get into a
Understanding the Text jeep at 3 o’clock in the morning.
A. 1. The Department of Tourism and the travel
B. 1. It was the travel agent in Calcutta who
agent applauded the author’s decision. It
asked him to look forward to the mountain
seems that there were very few tourists
train. 2. It is only the bad weather that
willing to go to Darjeeling during the rains.
one can be sure of in Darjeeling.
2. The travellers argued about the time the
3. It was the Department of Tourism that
author would be left with to change from
demonstrated its ignorance. 4. It was
one train to another. Since they seemed
his brisk walks in Darjeeling that Laxman
confident about the timings the author
greatly missed.
thought that they must be frequent travellers
on that line. 3. A coolie knew the correct Words in Use
information—the train to Darjeeling was not 1. Tolstoy’s stories were written in Russian
running anymore because of a landslide. and then translated into many languages.
4. The author used a taxi. 5. On the 2. The officer has been transferred to the
way, a sudden view of Darjeeling appeared Head Office. 3. The merchants were
amidst the misty veil. It was like a blessed trying to complete a transaction between
vision as it appeared and disappeared so them. 4. No one knows what actually
suddenly. 6. The author was glad to transpired at the secret meeting.
see Tenzing. He calls him a deserving Functions
hero. 7. Tiger Hill is world-famous 1. Why don’t you inform the police?
for its view of the beautiful mountains that 2. Have you thought of informing the
are lit pink at dawn. But to see this one police? 3. Perhaps you should inform
must take a dangerous drive at three in the the police. 4. It might not be a bad idea
morning, in the freezing cold. to go to the police. 5. I would go to the
8. Beautiful views of Kanchenjunga and police.
the Himalayas can be seen from Darjeeling.

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Dictionary Work fir trees. But then, the mist covered them in
1. to sleep – accommodate the next instant.
2. worn well – much used It was good to see Tenzing’s house—a
3. wash well – cannot be cleaned easily beautiful residence with a garden. Even
4. disappeared – caused to vanish more of a privilege was to see Tenzing
Punctuation himself, gardening. He had a smile that was
1. He said he would meet us—that is if he warm and sincere, just what one expects of a
could manage to get away from work—at man of his stature.
eight tonight. 2. I wore a blue dress— 11. Bodyline
the one that my grandmother made for
me—when I went out with my friends last Understanding the Text
night. 3. Early summer—the time when 1. b. 1881 or 1882 c. 1861 d. 1877
tender mangoes appear on trees—is a lovely e. 1933 2. a. England’s defeat in one
time to visit the countryside. 4. This of a series of matches played in England
cloth—the colours of which are made in 1881-82 led to talk about the death of
especially from vegetable dyes—feels very English cricket, cremation and ashes. b. It
soft and is comfortable to wear. 5. Two was the first time England had lost a match
hours later—feeling very hungry—he in England. c. After England’s first ever
got up to look for some food in the defeat on home soil, due to the jubilation
refrigerator. 6. His name—well-known in Australia over their team’s victory, a
in the world of the newspaper—is included few people who put a satirical notice in a
in the list of the world’s finest cartoonists. British newspaper talking about the ‘death
of English cricket’, the ‘cremation of the
Writing body’ and the transfer of the ‘ashes’ to
Took the Calcutta-Jalpaiguri train. Australia. d. Two years later, it was the
Everybody talked about the mountain English newspapers which referred to
train to be taken next—the travel agent the England team’s voyage to Australia
who brought my tickets and my fellow- as a ‘quest to regain the Ashes’. e. It is
passengers who seemed to be frequent unknown who created the Ashes trophy, but
travellers debated the precise interval it was presented to the England team when
between the two trains. Made me remember they won that series in Australia. The trophy
that the Tourism Dept in Mumbai too had was made of baked clay in the shape of an
mentioned the mountain train. Then, just as urn and was believed to contain the ashes of
I was beginning to anticipate the promised a bail. 3. a. 1928–1929 b. Australia
experience, a coolie informed me that presumably won the series and Bradman
the train was no longer running due to a performed brilliantly, with two centuries and
landslide. Shocking that no one else seemed half-centuries apiece. c. Australia won the
to know about this! series. Bradman’s talent was impressive.
Just reached Darjeeling after a taxi drive. d. The next series was played in Australia.
The view was nothing to talk about. The England used ‘bodyline’ tactics to get
entire mountainside was covered in mist batsmen out, much to the anger of the public
and I wonder how the driver navigated his and the Australian Board of Control for
way through the mountain roads. Once in a Cricket. 4. a. It was the England captain,
while, I caught a glimpse of mountains and Douglas R Jardine, and the decision was

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ANSWER KEY

born out of the need to counter Australia’s dismissed the batsman. He was awestruck
batting strength, especially due to Donald since the appeal came from a person of
Bradman’s prowess. b. It was intimidatory acclaim and thought he had no other
and unethical, but not against the laws of choice. It shows he was not impartial and
cricket. Until then, such tactics had been objective. 3. There was a mock obituary
in occasional use to surprise a batsman placed in the newspaper The Sporting Times
and disturb his concentration. c. There mourning the death of English cricket and
was outrage amongst the spectators, the claiming that the ashes would be taken to
newspapers and the public over the tactics. Australia. 4. Both of them were brilliant
Their main point was that such tactics were batsmen of renown and had captained
unsportsmanlike. d. Over the next few their respective teams. While Jardine was
years no new rule was made about bodyline already known for his toughness, Grace had
bowling. Today, a ball rising along the body always commanded respect from the cricket
of the batsman on his leg stump is described community.
as a ‘well-directed bouncer’. 5. a.
Writing
NT b. T c. T d. T
In 1932, as a response to Australia’s rising
Structure and Usage batting talent, the English cricket team, led
A. 1. If he had not fallen ill before the exam, by Captain Douglas Jardine, resorted to
he would not have got low marks. bowling short-pitched balls continuously at
2. If it rains soon, the farmers will start the batsmen’s body to restrict their scoring,
sowing. 3. If they reduced the price, we to injure them or to get them out. Jardine
would buy the house. had earlier watched videos of Donald
B. 1. first conditional 2. first Bradman, Australia’s most prominent
batsman, batting, to devise this strategy.
conditional 3. third conditional
Although the approach brought England
4. second conditional
considerable success, with their winning
Words in Use the series 4 – 1, it was criticized heavily
A. 1. spectators 2. players by the Australian spectators, the media and
3. consistency 4. strategy the Cricket Board of Australia. The public
5. sportsmanship 6. winning outcry led the board to write to the MCC,
B. 1. very close 2. in full flow asking for action to be taken against it, but
3. achieve a target or overcome an obstacle the plea was dismissed. Eventually, Jardine
or problem 4. start 5. easy or steady lost his popularity and bodyline tactics died
progress 6. admitted or resigned to a natural death.
defeat; gave up
All the World’s a Stage
C. 1. cleared the hurdle 2. kicked off William Shakespeare (1564–1616) was an
3. in full swing 4. neck and neck English poet, playwright and actor, widely
5. was smooth sailing 6. threw in the regarded as the greatest writer in the English
towel language and the world’s pre-eminent
dramatist. He is often called England’s
Listening
national poet and the ‘Bard of Avon’. His
1. W G Grace. He acted in an unsporting
works consist of about 38 plays and 154
manner playing a dirty trick which resulted
sonnets. His plays have been translated
in the dismissal of a batsman. 2. He

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into every major living language and are 12. The Merchant of Venice
performed more often than those of any Understanding the Text
other playwright. A. 1. The prince is indeed a little apologetic
Understanding the Poem about his skin colour and ventures to
1. The title compares the world and the persuade Portia to not dislike him because
life of man to a play enacted on stage. The of it, and although he wouldn’t change his
people of the world are like actors who play skin colour because it frightens even the
roles; their births and deaths are compared valiant, he would change it if he could to
to the entrances and exits of the characters win over Portia. Portia, on her part, assures
on and off the stage. Every age that a man him that she was not biased against him
passes through is compared to an act in due to his colour, and that if her father had
the play. 2. The schoolboy whines and not restricted her choice in the matter, he
creeps like a snail because he does not want would have as fair a chance as a fair-skinned
to go to school. His face, nevertheless, suitor. The words ‘Mislike me not for my
shines, showing he is healthy. 3. The complexion’ and ‘The lott’ry of my destiny
speaker gently mocks the lover for his bars me the right of voluntary choosing.’
longing and intensely emotional songs show this. 2. Yes; the Prince of Morocco
for something as trivial as his mistress’ is courteous in his speech and respectfully
eyebrow. The mocking is evident in the dismisses himself when he makes the wrong
words, ‘sighing like a furnace’. 4. The choice, so he is well-mannered. That he
soldier, the speaker says, is full of ‘strange is also proud of his brave deeds is evident
oaths’ and ‘quick to quarrel’. The speaker in the words in which he describes the
seems to be puzzled and amused by this, as achievements of his scimitar, which has
it seems quite pointless. 5. The judge’s slain ‘the Sophy and a Persian prince, won
round belly indicates that he is prosperous. three fields of Sultan Solyman’, and claims
His formal appearance shows he is dignified. to be capable of doing many brave things to
The stern eyes and wise sayings tell us win her over. 3. The Prince of Morocco
that he is a man of few words, serious and is certainly unwise and hasty in dismissing
thoughtful. 6. When the speaker talks the lead casket due to the low value of lead
about old age, he shows sympathy for man’s and, possibly, its unattractive colour,
lost faculties of hearing, seeing and speaking calling it too worthless for a golden mind to
and the loss of his dignity through his return stoop to. He is certainly judging by colour
to a childlike state. The last two lines show now. 4. The Prince of Arragon lets
deep sympathy and compassion. Portia know that he’s aware of the rules by
mentioning the three rules. The three rules
Appreciating the Poem are 1) to never reveal to anyone what choice
1. The sounds ‘s’ and ‘i’ heighten the image the suitor made; and if he made the wrong
of whistles and a shrill voice. The sounds choice, 2) to leave Portia’s premises and
‘m’, ‘n’ and ‘a’ bring out the deep, manly Belmont honourably and immediately; and
voice. 2. The many breaks in the last 3) never even attempt to marry another
three lines ensure slow reading that conveys woman. Portia replies that every suitor who
the slow halt that life comes to. The last line, comes to try his hand at winning her has to
in particular, reads in a way that shows the abide by these rules. 5. Yes; Arragon
stage-wise deterioration of life. does show condescension towards the

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ANSWER KEY

golden casket, declaring that it’s the choice heart of gold, let him go. 4. Nobody was
of the masses, to which he doesn’t belong. talking at lunch yesterday, so I made some
6. Bassanio’s reaction to the golden casket is jokes to break the ice. 5. I was sick at
certainly dramatic, but not overdone because heart when I had to sell my old cycle, which
it is just an explanation of why he thinks it’s had given me so many memories.
not the right casket, based possibly on his Writing
experiences in dealing with precious things. The lead casket says that whoever chooses
His large-hearted expressions, although it should be prepared to risk all he has. Risk
contradictory and perhaps not entirely all he has? For what? Just for lead? This
honest, are at least an indicator of his good casket demands too much. People who take
intentions and superior wisdom as compared such big risks do so when there is a chance
to that of the earlier suitors. 7. b and of gaining much more. No intelligent person
c 8. Portia wasn’t entirely impartial with will do so for a cheap metal like lead. So
all the three suitors and wanted Bassanio to I will pass this casket over. What does the
make the right choice. This is evident from silver casket say? It says whoever chooses
how she urged Bassanio to take his time to it will gain as much as he deserves. As
think about the caskets and her expressions much as he deserves? Let me think a little.
of anxiety over their separation should he In my view, I deserve a great deal. It may
make the wrong choice. be that my view of what is a great deal may
Structure and Usage fall short of the lady’s view, but thinking
1. Portia sees the man about whom she has on those lines will only make me doubt my
already heard. 2. Which casket had the own worth and weaken my self-confidence.
portrait was known to no suitor. 3. He I certainly deserve Portia—by birth, by
didn’t like what the casket said. 4. He upbringing.
was let down by his luck which he had over- But more than these, I deserve her in love.
estimated. 5. He didn’t come where I What if I thought no further and just chose
lived. 6. Not having noticed, I didn’t the silver casket? But let’s see what the
wave goodbye when he left. engraving on the golden casket says: “He
Words in Use who chooses me will get what many men
1. That scientist’s views should not be desire.” What many men desire is the lady,
dismissed, because I know there is a Portia! The entire world wants her, and men
method to his madness. 2. As luck come from around the world to her place to
would have it, I had chosen that shortest kiss the saint that she is. Do give me the key
route from my aunt’s home to the railway to the golden casket, because I choose it, to
station. 3. The man was caught breaking be right and I will thrive thereby!
in to their house but the owner, who had a

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