S IEEE transformer comittee

Overexcitation over time characteristic

1. main intention of TF is to define overexcitation condition for steady state condition in

order
# to avoid any steady state core overfluxing (core overheating)
# to design the core at an economical optimum

2. additionally, overexcitation over time should be also defined in the standard in order
# to avoid any overheating risk of clamping parts as for example tie plates
# this characteristic is often required for protection setting

3. The following overexcitation over time curves are collected from different utilities and
manufactures worldwide and clearly indicate what wide specification range can be
found. In order to avoid overheating problems for transformers where some of the
shown curves are applicable, the core induction would have to be decreased as much
as no economical design is possible anymore. It is therefore anticipated that some of
the curves are almost unrealistic because of the high reactive power demand needed.
It seems that these curves are the result of a large uncertainness rather than based on
a realistic background. An curve provided in the standard would give at least an
indication for such a characteristic and could be a base for individual adaptations.

TF core overexcitation requirements Siemens, PTD T PN E R&D

Chris Ploetner, 10/25/04, page 1
S IEEE transformer comittee

Collection of different overexcitation curves under no-load

1,5

1,45

1,4

1,35
1
(U/f) / (Ur/f0) in pu

1,3 2
3
1,25 4
5
1,2 6
7
1,15

1,1

1,05

1
0,1 1 10 100 1000
time in min

TF core overexcitation requirements Siemens, PTD T PN E R&D

Chris Ploetner, 10/25/04, page 2
S IEEE transformer comittee

Collection of different overexcitation curves under full load

1,5

1,45

1,4

1,35
(U/f) / (Ur/f0) in pu

1,3 1
2
1,25
3
4
1,2

1,15

1,1

1,05

1
0,1 1 10 100 1000
time in min

TF core overexcitation requirements Siemens, PTD T PN E R&D

Chris Ploetner, 10/25/04, page 3