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A ratio can be simplified in a similar to simplifying fractions – you find the Greatest Common
Divisor (GCD) of the two numbers and then divide both numbers by the GCD.
1. 50 to 40 2. 44 to 80 3. 33 to 36 4. 240 to 400
5. 33 : 9 6. 26 : 39 7. 45 : 18 8. 60 : 80
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Olympic College - Topic 5 Ratio and Proportions
When you have two ratios then they are said to be “equivalent ratios” if the simplified form of
both ratios are identical.
For example, 8 : 12 and 6 : 9 are equivalent ratios as the ratio 8 : 12 = 2 :3 and 6 : 9 = 2 :3
Solution: (a) 14(6) = 21(4) (b) 5(10) 15(3) (c) 18(18) = 4(81)
Both = 84 50 and 45 Both are 324
Equivalent Ratio Not Equivalent Ratio Equivalent Ratio
Solution: =
2x = 21 Cross multiplication
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Olympic College - Topic 5 Ratio and Proportions
Solution: =
4x = 12 Cross multiplication
x =
Solution: =
3x = 60 Cross multiplication
x =
Solution: =
4x = 21 Cross multiplication
x =
1. = 2. = 7. = 8. =
5. = 6. = 7. = 8. =
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Olympic College - Topic 5 Ratio and Proportions
Solution: Identify the two quantities in this case its boys and girls
The first ratio of boys to girls is to 4 gives us the fraction the second piece of
information is 25 boys to x girls gives us the fraction
5x = 60 Cross multiply
Example 2: Two bags of grass seed will cover 2500 sq feet, how many bags of grass seed will
you need in order to cover 7500 sq ft?
Solution: Identify the two quantities in this case its amount of grass seed and the area it
covers.
The first ratio of gives us the fraction the second piece of
information is x bags to 6250 sq ft gives us the fraction
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Olympic College - Topic 5 Ratio and Proportions
Example 3: The exchange rate of 1 British pound is worth $1.67, how many pounds (to the
nearest whole number) will you get for $500?
Solution: Identify the two quantities in this case its pounds and dollars
The first ratio of pounds to dollars is 1 to 1.67 gives us the fraction the second
piece of information is x pounds to $500 gives us the fraction
x = pounds
x = 299 pounds
Example 4: Judi runs 4 laps of a track in 25 minutes, how long will it take to run 7 laps at the
same speed.
Solution: Identify the two quantities in this case its laps completed and time.
The first ratio of laps to time is 4 to 25 gives us the fraction the second
piece of information is 7 laps to x minutes gives us the fraction
x = minutes
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Olympic College - Topic 5 Ratio and Proportions
1. The ratio of boys to girls in a class is 3 : 2. If there are 24 boys in the class, how many
girls are there?
2. The ratio of boys to girls in a class is 5 to 6. If there are 30 girls in the class, how many boys
are there?
4. An lottery win was shared between two brothers, Frank and Pat, in the ratio 3 : 4.
If Pat received $720, how much did Frank receive ?
5. Two farmers, Bill and Dan, decided to split a herd of cows in the ratio 5 : 7.
If Dan's share was 42 cows, how many cows did Bill get ?
6. An airplane ascends 200 feet as it flies a horizontal distance of 1,000 feet. How much
altitude will it gain as it flies a horizontal distance of 1 mile? [Use 5,280 feet = 1 mile.]
7. In a scale drawing, a building 60 feet tall is drawn 4 inches high. The building next to it is
5 feet tall. How high will it be drawn in the scale drawing?
(a) His model is 16cm long. How long is the real car?
(b) The real car is 160cm wide. How wide is the model?
10. A watch loses 3 minutes in 6 hours. At this rate, how much would it lose in 24 hours?
11. A contractor finds that 5 gal. of stain will cover 2000 ft.² of floor space. How much stain
would be needed for a job of 3600 ft.² ?
13. A factory manufacturing computer circuits found 35 defective circuits in a lot of 500
circuits. At this rate, how many defective circuits can be expected in a lot of 1200 circuits?
14. To determine the number of rabbits in a park, a ranger catches 270 rabbits, tags them, and
then releases them. Later, 500 rabbits are caught, and it is found that 108 of them are
tagged. Estimate how many rabbits are in the park.
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Olympic College - Topic 5 Ratio and Proportions
Solutions.
Exercise 1A: Simplify the following ratios
1. 5 to 4 2. 11 to 20 3. 11 to 12 4. 3 to 5 5. 11 : 3 6. 2:3
Exercise 2A: 1. x = 2. t = 12 3. x = 16 4. x=
5. x= 6. x= 7. x = 164 8. x=
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