FORCE AND PRESSURE

KEYNOTES

• Force: a push or a pull on an object is called force. Force may impart motion to an object.
• it is applied on an object in the same direction add to one another.
• Magnitude: the strength of a force is usually expressed by its magnitude
• State of motion: The state of motion of an object is described by its speed and the direction of motion.
• Muscular Force: The force resulting due to the action of muscles is known as the muscular force.
• Contact Force: The force which is applied when it is in the contact with the object.
• Non-contact force: The force exerted on an object without touching it known as non contact force.
• Gravitational force: the attractive force of earth which acts upon all the objects is called force of
gravity or gravitational force.
• Pressure: The force acting on a unit area of a surface is called pressure. It acts perpendicular to the
surface on which pressure is exerted.
• Pressure= force/area on which it acts. Lesser the area, greater is the force.
• Both liquids and gases exert pressure on the wall of their containers.
• Atmospheric pressure: The pressure on the atmospheric air is known as atmospheric pressure. This
weight of air column over a unit 1cm 2

FORCE AND PRESSURE

HOTS

1. How can we decide whether an object is moving faster than the other.
2. what is required for a force to come into play?
3. What happens when two forces act in same direction?
4. A ball is in rest. When it is pushed, why it starts moving?
5. What is role of force on the speed of moving object?
6. Is the gravity a property of earth only?
7. Does liquids and gases also exert pressure?
8. What is atmosphere?
9. How to feel force in daily life?
10. What is electrostatic force? Why is it called non-contact force?
11. We observe that the wheels of buses and trucks are heavier than the wheels of car or scooters. Why?
12. What are the examples of muscular force?
13. Give two examples of a situation in which applied force causes a change in the shape of an object.
14. How to change the speed and the direction of a moving body?
15. What are the efftects of force?

FORCE AND PRESSURE

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. What is force?
a. pull
b. push
c. push and push both
d. none of these
2. What is state of motion?
a. position of rest
b. position of motion
c. both by the state of rest or motion
d. none of these
3. The strength of force is expressed by?
a. weight
b. mass
c. magnitude
d. longitudinal force
4. The force between two charged bodies is called
a. muscular force
b. gravitational force
c. magnetic force
d. electrostatic force
5. When two forces act in opposite directions, then net force acting two forces
a. sum of two factors
b. difference bwteen two factors
c. both of these
d. none of these
6. Magnetic force is
a. contact force
b. non-contact force
c. both a and b
d. none of these
7. Force acts on an object may change
a. direction
b. shape
c. speed
d. all of above
8. Leaves or fruits fall on the ground due to
a.magnetic force
b. gravitational force
c. electrostatic force
d. muscular force
ANSWERS
1. C
2. C
3. C
4. D
5. B
6. B
7. D
8. B

FORCE AND PRESSURE

NCERT SOLUTIONS

1. Give two examples each of situations in which you push or pull to change the state of motion of objects.
ans. We push a bicycle to move it, we pull the table to change its position.
2. Give two examples of situations in which applied force causes a change in the shape of an object.
ans. when we press the foam, its shape is changed.
when we stretch the rubber band, its shape is changed.
3. Fill in the blanks in the following statements.
(a) To draw water from a well we have to ______ at the rope.
(b) A charged body______ an uncharged body towards it.
(c) To move a loaded trolley we have to ________ it.
(d) The north pole of a magnet _____ the north pole of another magnet.
ans. (a) To draw water from a well we have to pull at the rope.
(b) A charged body attracts an uncharged body towards it.
(c) To move a loaded trolley we have to pull it.
(d) The north pole of a magnet repels the north pole of another magnet.
4. An archer stretches her bow while taking aim at the target. She then releases the arrow, which begins to move towards the
target. Based on this information fill up the gaps in the statements using the following terms. Muscular, contact, non-contact, gravity,
friction, shape, attraction
(a) To stretch the bow, the archer applies a force that causes a change in its ______.
(b) The force applied by the archer to stretch the bow is an example of ________ force.
(c) The type of force responsible for a change in the state of motion of the arrow is an example of a ______ force.
(d) While the arrow moves towards its target, the forces acting on it are due to ____ and that due to __________ of air.
ans. 4. (a) shape (b) muscular (c) contact (d) gravity, friction.
5. In the following statements identify the agent exerting the force and object on which its acts. State the effect of the force in each
case.
(a) Squeezing a piece of lemon between the fingers to extract its juice.
(b) Taking out paste from a toothpaste tube.
(c) A load suspended from a spring while its other end is on a hook fixed to a wall.
(d) An athlete making a high jump to clear the bar at a certain height.
ans. Agents exerting force
Object on which force acts
Effect of force
(a) Fingers
Lemon
Lemon juice is extracted
 (b) Fingers
Toothpaste tube
Toothpastes comes out
(c) A load
Spring
The spring expands
(d) An athlete
On the legs
Cleans the height
6. A blacksmith hammers a hot piece of iron while making tool. How does the force due to hammering affect the piece of iron?
ans. The force is hammering causes the change in shape of iron and iron can be moulded in the shape of the required of iron?
7. An inflated balloon was pressed against a wall after it has been rubbed with a piece of synthetic cloth. It was found that the
balloon sticks to the wall. What force might be responsible for the attraction between the balloon and the wall?
ans. Electrostatic force.
8. Name the forces acting on a plastic bucket containing water held above ground level in your hand. Discuss why the forces acting
on the bucket do not bring a change in its state of motion.
ans. The forces that act on the bucket are as follows:-
(i) The pressure of water contained in it, exerted on its wall and on base of the bucket.
(ii) Force of gravity by earth.
(iii) The water is contained in a bucket and the pressure of force is exerted on the wall of the bucket, which is sufficient to take it as a
force.
As the bucket is held in my hand, so I overcome the force of gravity of the earth. That is why these forces do not bring a change in
the state of motion.
9. A rocket has been fired upwards to launch a satellite in its orbits. Name the two forces acting on the rocket immediately after
leaving the launching pad.
ans. i) Gravitational force
ii) Force of friction
10. When we press the bulb of a dropper with its nozzle kept in water, air in the dropper is seen to escape in the form of bubbles.
Once we release the pressure on the bulb, water gets filled in the dropper. The rise of water in the dropper is due to
(a) Pressure of water.
(b) Gravity of the earth.
(c) Shape of rubber bulb.
(d) Atmospheric pressure.
ans. atmospheric pressure.

FORCE AND PRESSURE

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. What is force?
a. pull
b. push
c. push and push both
d. none of these
2. What is state of motion?
a. position of rest
b. position of motion
c. both by the state of rest or motion
d. none of these
3. The strength of force is expressed by?
a. weight
b. mass
c. magnitude
d. longitudinal force
4. The force between two charged bodies is called
a. muscular force
b. gravitational force
c. magnetic force
d. electrostatic force
5. When two forces act in opposite directions, then net force acting two forces
a. sum of two factors
b. difference bwteen two factors
c. both of these
d. none of these
6. Magnetic force is
a. contact force
b. non-contact force
c. both a and b
d. none of these
7. Force acts on an object may change
a. direction
 b. shape
c. speed
d. all of above
8. Leaves or fruits fall on the ground due to
a.magnetic force
b. gravitational force
c. electrostatic force
d. muscular force
ANSWERS
1. C
2. C
3. C
4. D
5. B
6. B
7. D
8. B

FORCE AND PRESSURE

SAMPLE PAPERS

1. Identify the agent exerting force and the object on which it acts when a piece of lemon is squeezed between fingers and juice
come out.
2. Explain that force are due to an interaction between objects.
3. What are the effects of force?
4. Explain contact and non-contact forces?
5. Explain the force of gravity?
6. If the area of head is 15cmX15cm, how much air (in weight) would you carry on your head?
7. Does the application of force result in change of state of motion of the object.
8. What do you meant by pressure? How can we increase the pressure by exerting same force?
9. Give two factors which affect the effect of changes?
10. How to describe state of motion?

FORCE AND PRESSURE

TEST

MAXIMUM TIME: 40 minutes

MAXIMUM MARKS:25
1. Give two examples of muscular force. 1
2. State any three effect of force. 3
3. Do liquids exert equal pressure in all direction? 1
4. Why our lungs expand during inhalation? 1
5. When a ball is thrown, it stops rolling after some time. Why? 2
6. Describe various types of force in brief. 4
7. Derive an activity to show that liquid exerting pressure on the wall of container. 4
8. Write true or false. 3
a. Force of gravity is contact force.
b. Pascal is the unit of force.
c. The force can change the state of motion of an object.
9. Prove air has a pressure. 3
10. What do you meant by force of friction? Also prove force depends on nature of two surfaces in contact. 3