The function of the Idle Speed Control actuator is controlling the idle speed

according to engine conditions such as temperature, throttle position, engine

speed and different load factors.

The ECM compares the actual engine speed with the target speed. The ECM
transmits a signal to the idle speed actuator, which adjusts to the target speed
by increasing the bypass air when the idle speed is too low, and decreasing it
when the idle is too high. For example, When the engine is started in cold
weather, the engine Control Module (ECM) will give the engine cold start
enrichment and will increase the engine's idle speed to approximately 1000 rpm
or more. The Idle speed control actuator is responsible for this increase.

As the engine reaches operating temperature the enrichment will be eliminated and the idle speed will be
reduced to a predetermined speed; this speed will be maintained regardless of electrical loads on the alternator
and to a certain extent mechanical loads.
Sensor Principle and Structure
Picanto utilizes rotary type ISA. It has two coils
inside of sensor. This ISA is located in the
throttle body. The rotary valve on the armature
shaft opens the air-bypass passage until the
required idle speed is reached, regardless of
engine load. Voltage is applied alternately to the
rotary actuator's two winding coils and
generates opposing forces on the pivoting
armature.

The rotary valve assumes the opening

angle, which corresponds to the pulse-
duty factor of the applied signal. This
means that the bypass opening can be
adjusted by varying the pulse-duty
factor. The Rotary type actuator has 2
winding coils, which are called as
opening coil and closing coil
respectively. The ECM controls the two
coils. The opening coil opens the valve
on the contrary the closing coil closes
the valve. Its driving pulse is controlled
by 100Hz which is advanced from 250Hz
for fast response.

Following picture illustrates ISA circuit and terminals. It has 3 terminals from ISA side. One is for open ISA
signal, another is for close ISA signal, and the last is for 12V supply. ECM Pin No. 29 is designated for open
control and No. 26 pin for close control.
A circuit tester is used to check connectivity between terminal 2 & 1 and between
terminal 2 & 3. In addition measure voltage at terminal 2 and find if normal
battery voltage is applied.

To check the resistance, remove the idle

speed actuator connector and measure
the resistance of the opening coil and
closing coil directly. Through this, we
can check the internal coil condition of
the idle speed actuator.
 Opening Coil : 15.5

 Closing Coil : 17.5 at 20

To check operation. remove the idle

speed actuator from the engine, and
operate the engine. Then check for
valve operation as given duty
percentage and any noise while
operating.
Through this, we can check the
mechanical problem and noise of the
idle speed actuator
Another checking method is using the current data. The ISA duty in the current
data is a calculated figure by the ECM to control the ISA depending on the engine
condition. Use this value only as a reference value because actual opening may
differ from the current data in case of idle speed actuator is broken.

When using oscilloscope, read output waveform from terminal 1 or 3, and find
duty rates for open and close rates. Thereafter decide whether the read values
are within in specified values or not.
In the idle speed actuator waveform, pick
voltage should be the same as the battery
voltage. If not, there should be a trouble in
power supply system from battery positive
terminal to the idle speed actuator. Besides
this pick voltage, the ground should be
close to 0 volt as shown while it is on. If
not, there should be trouble with the ECM
or wirings from the idle speed actuator to
ECM ground.

Each coil receives opposite signals form each other alternately. In other words,
the closing coil turns off when the opening coil is on. On the contrary, the closing
coil turns on when the opening coil is off.

ECM carries out these on and off motion 100 times per second, which corresponds to 100 Hz. ECM also
controls the on and off time, which varies depending on the engine condition. This type control is called duty
control, in which on and off ratio is controlled.
 Test condition Duty (%) Remarks
Idle 30 ~ 32 Without any Load
Tail Lamp On 32 ~ 33
A/Con. On 33 ~ 35 Could be differ from
Dash Pot Max. 55 Conditions.

Fast Idle (at 20 ) 45 ~ 47

Basic Idle Duty

The duty value of the idle speed actuator is displayed on the current data of the Hi-scan. ISA duty 30% means
that the ECM turns on the opening coil 30% to let the opening be 30%. Though it will not be displayed in the
current data, in case of the closing coil, the closing coil turns on 70% to let the closing be 70% because it is the
reverse of the opening coil.

For example, in the case of 30% opening duty, the valve remains open for about 30%. Likewise, in the case of
60% opening duty, valve remains open for 60%.

Error Detecting Condition

Coil P Code Description Condition1 Time Mil On

P1506 Short to Battery
Open
P1505 Short to GND
Close P1508 Short to Battery
 P1507 Short to GND
P0506 Rationality(RPM-Target RPM) >150 8 Sec
P0507 Rationality(RPM-Target RPM) <-150 15 Sec
¡Ø When circuit problem is detected, control duty sets to 50%