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INTRODUCTION
As developed by Travis Hirschi (1969), social control theory argues that drug
abuse and other associated forms of deviance are caused by the lack of social controls
that motivate conformity. The theories of deviance and drug abuse clearly explains
that one of many causes of drug abuse is by the failure of conventional culture to keep
the individual away from drugs instead of being inspired by the draw of drug
subcultures. Besides, it gives voice to those who have little attachment in the
traditional culture are also vulnerable to the influence of drug culture. Hence, people
institutions, and activities and once in a while investing for them in order to avoid
risking the security of their investments along with being a law abiding citizen.
viable way of reducing the risk of illegal drug use. As such, these prevention
strategies have received substantial support from both the public and private sectors.
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great deal of promise because they endeavor to address the social context and
treatment will enable people with drug-related problems to have improved access to a
assistance in stopping or reducing drug use and avoiding the harmful health and social
In the 2016 Survey, it shows that 4.8 million Filipinos aged 10-69 years old
used illegal drugs at least once of their lives (DDB, 2016). This number shows how
rampant illegal drug trade in the country and an easy access to drugs as well as the
prevention programs addressed many type of drug abuse problems in the country in
barangay levels and strategize plan to help them in eradicating dangerous drugs (De
first line of defense in combating drug related crimes. BADAC’s were deputized and
empowered to implement strategic policies on drug prevention and control at the same
time given the political and police powers of the barangay to administer the affairs of
the community to accelerate efforts against the proliferation of illegal drugs. Different
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anti-drugs abuse council provides different functions indicators which can be either
Local barangay leaders such as the Barangay Captains play a pivotal role in
In the Philippines, the people who have authority or control of political power are the
ones who are capable of mobilizing people at the grassroots level. Local leaders are
expected to make decisions for them in this hierarchical society. As such, it is in this
context that the roles of the barangay leaders become very important (Dela Peña,
2003).
This research aims to describe and explain drug cleared status of Tagaytay
City for the development of illegal drugs programs and strategies. The information
services and NGOs to assist them in developing a drug awareness and prevention
In general, this study was conducted to explain and describe the phenomena of
1.1. Age;
1.2. Gender;
2. What is the level of awareness and knowledge of the BADAC members in terms
of:
dissemination programs;
2.3. Activate and allocate responsibilities for barangay anti- drug related
activities; and
2.4. Submit consolidated information report to CADAC and local police unit
concerned for the formulation and validation of anti- drug related programs.
study area?
1.1.Age;
1.2. Gender;
1.3.Civil status;
terms of:
dissemination programs;
2.3. Activate and allocate responsibilities for barangay anti- drug related
activities; and
2.4. Submit consolidated information report to CADAC and local police unit
concerned for the formulation and validation of anti- drug related programs;
study area.
Tagaytay Police Force would conceive other ways to improve present drug
prevention programs and make it more strong and efficient in community safety,
The Community particularly those who are vulnerable to drugs will become
aware and will encouraged to get involved in the activities concerned with the
way possible to help the community in generating full understanding of the problem
Provides the Barangays an enhance and effective strategy to take away and
this study can serve as basis and references if they are planning to conduct similar
study.
This study covered the 34 barangays of Tagaytay City, Cavite and the
BADAC members as the respondent. This study does not focus on drug related issues
such as drug testing programs in schools and workplaces. Also, the program
questionnaires and answers from the interview of respondents. The questions do not
include any personal and sensitive information and other questions that are not related
to the topic.
Definition of Terms
For purposes of clearer and better understanding, the following terms were
operationally defined.
Barangay. Refers to the recipient of the anti-drugs abuse council and headed
by a Chairperson.
characteristic in common.
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taken into the human body brings about physical, emotional or behavioural changes in
Drug Abuse. Substance abuse, also known as drug abuse, is a patterned use
of a substance in which the user consumes the substance in amounts or with methods
to drug clearing operation and declared free from any illegal drug activities pursuant
variable intensity, in which the use of psychoactive drug takes on a high priority
thereby involving among others, a strong desire or sense of compulsion to take the
Pusher. Any person who sells, trades, administers, dispenses, delivers or gives
dangerous drugs or who act as a broker in any of such transactions, in violation of the
RA 9165.
the prohibition of illegal drugs and regulating and enforcing access to legal drugs and
substances, particularly those that are high of probability for abuse, including
Conceptual Framework
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
1. Socio-economic profile of
the BADAC member-
respondents in the study
area in terms of:
1.1. Age;
1.2. Gender
FEEDBACK
The first step is input that depicts the independent variables relative to the
profile of the BADAC members and their awareness and knowledge about their duties
and anti-drug related activities. The process represents the intervening variables in
terms of assessed profile of the respondents and assessment of the level of awareness
and knowledge of BADAC members. The output indicates the dependent variables in
feedback explains the result of dependent variables and the effect of it in relation to
the independent variables. Each step has a direct relationship with each other, hence,
This chapter presents related studies and literature from different sources
which provided the researchers with necessary background and knowledge of the
As cited in Guidance for community-based treatment and care service for drug
illicit drug use, known as the community-based approach that will respond with effort
for the country as a whole. Supply reduction, demand reduction and law enforcement
Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2008). According to World Health Organization
approach is to ensure a holistic approach to treatment and care of drug users. There
not sending drug users away and out of sight, helps the community to understand the
process and that will help reduce stigma and discrimination against drug users.
that crime and delinquency occur when an individual’s ties to the conventional order
or normative standards are weak or largely nonexistent (Bartol and Bartol, 2011). In
order to maintain the society order there must be a law, rules and regulation that is
controlling because it contends that all people from the time we are born are basically
bad apples. It goes on to retain that those who end up participating in deviant or
criminal behavior have a weak bond to societal controls. The higher the individual’s
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investment in the dominant culture, the more the individual would risk by engaging in
the deviance of drug culture and once people invest in these, they avoid risking the
Likewise, conflict theory argues that social class, power, income, and
neighborhood all affect the degree that tend to be less ordered and community-
community with high incidence of drug distribution become the primary causal
factors in the spread of drug abuse. As the people attempting to mentally escape from
their problems demand for drugs rises, with drug dealing becoming a source of
income for communities the supply also increase. The lack of community solidarity
against these intrusions by the drug culture and as well as the lack of effective
political power resulting to these communities to sustain the opportunity for drug
drug education programs. Albert Bandura advocated that the core principle and
foundation of this theory should be implemented to help them reach their full range of
knowledge about the risks of drug use and benefits; self-efficacy or having confidence
in one’s own ability to motivate and achieve goals; setting standards of oneself;
perceived facilitators techniques and impediments that might prevent one from
achieving his or her goals. All of this principles play a key role in facilitating behavior
objective is the "resocialization" of the individual with help of the community and
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active components of treatment including other residents, staff, and the social context.
The individual’s social and psychological deficits are viewed as the factors of
patterns of behavior and adopt new, more harmonious and constructive ways to
community mobilization is needed to counter the sale of illegal drugs and strengthen
reducing youth’s access to drugs and modifying societal norms that promote
indulgence in these substances are within the level of society or community. Cujpers
(2003) stated that, there are universal prevention delivered in community settings as;
The Philippine National Anti-Drug Strategy 2002 has recently been updated,
published. In the foreword, its purpose is defined as to redefine the tasks of all
private organizations and other organizations involved in the anti-drug campaign. The
guide for community-based assessment, treatment and care services for drug users in
will support the goal of the treatment and rehabilitation component of this strategy.
otherwise known as the Republic Act 9165, which repealed the outmoded Dangerous
Drugs Act of 1972 of Republic act 6425. The new law provides stiffer penalties,
maximum imposition of sentence for illegal drug possession and pushing depending
upon the volume of the drug seized but, at the same time seeks to protect the
country’s youth.
Dangerous Drugs Board under the office of the President functioning as the
policy making and coordinating agency in controlling dangerous drugs and by its
implementing arms Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) as the sole and
dedicated entity tasked for the implementation of the Republic Act No. 9165.
BADAC and their role in drug clearing operations prior to the campaign,
efforts of barangay officials to address peace and order, particularly to curb illegal
All Barangays in every local government unit shall establish its BADAC
within its territorial jurisdiction which shall render assistance to the coordinating law
chairperson seated by the Chairman of Peace and Order, together with its members
are appointed to refer suspected users to the body’s city or municipality anti-drug
abuse council counterpart. Composed of two committees, first is for the Advocacy
includes the drug prevention programs and seminars for drug education and second is
Operation this includes the rehabilitation, identification of drug affected houses and
involved during conduct of inventory after raid by PDEA and PNP(B.R. No. 03 s.
2017).
involves: (1) plan, strategize, implement and evaluate programs on drug abuse
prevention in the barangay; (2) organize the BADAC auxiliary team; (3) equip
barangay Tanods and BADAC auxiliary team a basic knowledge against street level
illegal drug trade thru seminars or trainings; (4) coordinate and collaborate with other
barangay level; (5) conduct an information education drive; (6) conduct regular and
consultative meetings at least once a month; (7) strengthen the family in the barangay
by promoting family affairs and parental care and guidance; (8) determine and
maintain a record of the names and other personal information; (9) identify drug
affected house clusters, work places, streets, puroks and sitios; (10) conduct an
inventory of drug personalities; (11) refer suspected drug users to the C/MADAC and
other agencies for corresponding counseling or rehabilitation; (12) refer drug users
rehabilitation; (14) empower the community in reporting drug related cases through
during the conduct of drug operation; (16) create a favorable policy environment by
enacting local ordinances and other legislative measures; (17) set quarterly targets to
reduce the level of drug affectation and ultimately achieved drug-cleared status and
maintain the status; (18) submit a monthly report to the C/MADAC; (19) monitor
disposition and progress of drug-related cases filed; (20) ensure safety of the
community and extend such other necessary assistance; and (21) perform other related
functions.
Classification of Barangays
and subjected to drug clearing operation and declared free from any illegal drug
classification is drug unaffected barangay are the area that has not ever been plagued
or beset by any illegal drug activities, while drug affected barangay are the area that
has reported presence of drug user, pusher, manufacturer, cultivation or other drug
personality, drug den, clandestine drug laboratory and facilities related to production
of illegal drugs, with three sub-classification: (1) seriously affected; (2) moderately
affected; and (3) slightly affected. The Drug-Free barangay defined as place where no
In line with, Section 11 of B.R. No.03 s. 2017, provides that the oversight
committee after assessment and validation vital to the compliance with the
parameters, shall issue a certification declaring drug-cleared status of the barangay the
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certificate shall be attested by Chairman of city anti-drugs abuse council and certified
by the Chief of Police and validated by PDEA Regional Director. The barangay with
the status of drug-cleared has the responsibility to maintain the said status.
coordination with partner agencies, all the effort was paid off after the declaration of
the first ever drug-cleared status in the City of Tagaytay and first time in the Cavite
eradicate drugs despite of being one of the tourist destination for vacation during
summer that the volume of people escalate. According to Supt Elmer J. Decena,
Tagaytay City police chief (2018), the recognition as one of the drug-cleared city will
inspired them to be aggressive and dedicated in maintaining the said status against
16 barangays was also certified cleared as the absent of drug users, clandestine
laboratories and drug trade were confirmed and certified by the PDEA unit (Pino,
2018).
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METHODOLOGY
This chapter describes how the present study will be conducted. It provides
processes involved in arriving at the research findings and conclusion. It includes the
research design, participants of the study, sources of data, research instrument, data
Research Design
Descriptive research method was used in presenting and analyzing the topics
or issues from the data gathered. Ethridge (2004) defined descriptive research may be
characterised as simply the attempt to determine, describe or identify what is. Thus,
this studydescribes and explained the factors that might affect in the declaring of a
Sources of Data
Two major sources of data were considered in this study, primary sources and
secondary sources.
There were two sets of participants in this study. The first set was BADAC
officials from 34 Barangays of Tagaytay, Cavite. On the other hand, the second set of
participants was the residents within each barangay that is familiar in the
Sampling Technique
non-probability sampling method and it occurs when researcher relies on his or her
this sampling procedure, researchers often believe that they can obtain a
representative sample by using a sound judgment, which will result in saving time and
money (Black, 2010) .While, convenience random sampling is a specific type of non-
probability sampling that relies on data collection from population members who are
2012). Thus, these techniques can be very useful; where members of the target
for the purpose of the study. The sample was selected because of their convenient
questionnaire of other studies just to obtain some ideas. A letter of request was given
to the Mayor of Tagaytay for the permission to conduct the study. Upon approval
signing of consent form followed the facilitation the voluntary participation of the
participants.The data was divided into three parts. First and second part of the
their socio-economic profile and level of awareness and knowledge. The third part
checklist in the program of BADAC. The data collected were subjected for statistical
1. Age;
2. Gender;
3. Civil Status;
4. Years in service;
5. Educational Attainment;
dissemination programs;
activities; and
concerned for the formulation and validation of anti- drug related programs.
C. Checklist included:
your barangay?
campaign?
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Research Instrument
Questionnaire
This was the primary source of data. It contains questions that answer stated in
the problem. The socio-economic profile of the respondents will be answered and
The secondary source of data has been gathered through reading a previous