DECLARATION

We declare that this written submission represents our own ideas and in our
own words and where others’ ideas or words have been included, we have
adequately cited and referenced the original sources. We also declared that we
have adhered to all principles of academic honesty and integrity and have not
misrepresented or fabricated or falsified any idea/data/fact/source in my
submission. we understood that any violation of the above will cause for
disciplinary action by the institute and can also evoke penal action from the
sources which have not been properly cited or from whom proper permission
has not been taken when needed.

MOHAMMAD ABUBAKAR (16024-C-034)

VADAPALLY AKHILESH (16024-C-029)

ADI VIVEK (16024-C-231)

MANDA SRIKAR (16024-C-011)

MOHAMMED ABDUL GAFFAR (16024-C-040)

NAMPALLY PAVAN TEJA (16024-C-003)

PEACHER SAI RAM (16024-C-254)

Date: 06-05-2019
 CONTENTS
i. INTRODUCTION

ii. OBJECTIVE

a) ROAD CONSTRUCTION

b) CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

c) ROAD CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

iii. Conclusion
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Construction planning and execution is a fundamental and

challenging activity in the management of construction projects. It
involves the choice of technology, the definition of work tasks, the
estimation of the required resources and durations for individual
tasks, and the identification of any interactions among the different
work tasks.
A good construction plan is the basis for developing the budget and
the schedule for work. Developing the construction plan is a critical
task in the management of construction, even if the plan is not written
or otherwise formally recorded.
In addition to these technical aspects of construction planning, it may
also be necessary to make organizational decisions about the
relationships between project participants and even which
organizations to include in a project. For example, the extent to which
sub-contractors will be used on a project is often determined during
construction planning.
Construction time performance (CTP) and flexibility in approaches to
project time planning have been shown to be significantly associated.
Site view of CC Road at Division No. 22 near Rose Talkies
 INTRODUCTION

This Procedure Manual provides a guide to the correct construction

practices and procedures for use on road contracts by the Roads and
Buildings Department.
This document is not intended to be comprehensive and therefore
does not provide information on all construction activities. It refers to
the Standard Technical Specification; however, it does not replace
any aspect of that document and if there is any conflict, the
Specification takes precedence. Also for any activities not included in
this Manual, refer to the Standard or Particular Specification (if
applicable) for details.
The contractor is responsible for the method of construction and
quality of the constructed works and any work not undertaken in line
with the Specification or with this document should be brought to the
attention of R&B officers (the Engineer) immediately.
Throughout the site ( the area where the works are being constructed )
the contractor is responsible for supplying all the necessary signs and
other equipment to ensure the smooth and safe flow of traffic. Also
the construction should be carried out in a safe and controlled manner
to prevent damage to vehicles and the general public from
construction equipment, site materials and activities.
 OBJECTIVE
Roads are an integral part of the transport system , which comes under
public works in the municipal areas.
Public works are a broad category of infrastructure projects,
financed and constructed by the government, for recreational,
employment, and health and safety uses in the greater community.
They include public buildings transport infrastructure (roads, public
spaces public services (water supply and treatment, sewage
treatment, dams), and other, usually long-term,
physical assets and facilities.
Though often interchangeable with public infrastructure and public
capital, public works does not necessarily carry an economic
component, thereby being a broader term.
The main objective of this project is to improve transportation facility
between Shashab Street and Kaman-HB Road with rest of the
Karimnagar Municipality.
And Update the Sewage System of the Shashab Street from OPEN
DRAINAGE SYSTEM TO CLOSED DRAINAGE SYSTEM.

.
 ROAD CONSTRUCTION
COMPONENT PARTS OF ROAD STRUCTURE

i) Sub Grade
ii) Sub Base
iii) Base Course
iv) Wearing Course

Concrete pavement construction process

The construction of concrete pavement involves sequential

construction of subgrade, sub-base/ base and the concrete slab. These
are discussed in the following.

Subgrade preparation
Subgrade preparation involves cleaning, earthwork (excavation or
filling of soil, replacement of weak soil, soil stabilization etc.) and
compaction.
Construction of Base/ Sub-base

A base/ sub-base to the concrete pavement provides uniform and

reasonably firm support, prevents mud-pumping , and acts as capillary
cut-off. Sub-base for concrete pavement could be constituted with
brick flat soling, WBM, granular aggregates, crushed concrete, slag,
stabilized soil etc. As per IRC:15 (2002), sub-base could be of three
types with (i) Granular material (for example, brick soling with one
layer of sand under it, WBM, well graded granular materials etc.) (ii)
Stabilized soil (iii) Semi-rigid material, (for example, lime burnt clay
puzzolana concrete, lime fly-ash concrete, lean cement concrete roller
compacted concrete etc.). Following contains a brief discussion
on dry lean cement (DLC) concrete as sub-base, which is popularly
being adopted for the current concrete pavement construction in India.

Dry lean cement concrete as sub-base

The thickness of DLC, generally recommended is 100mm or 150mm
(IRC:SP-49 1998). The maximum aggregate to cement ratio is 15:1.
The average compressive strength of DLC cubes at 7 days, as
recommended by Indian guidelines (IRC:SP-49 1998) should not be
less than 10 MPa, tested on 5 samples and individual compressive
strength should not be less than 7.5 MPa, at 7 days
CONSTRUCTION OF CONCRETE SLAB
The concrete surfacing could be made up of plain concrete or
reinforced concrete. Reinforced concrete has been discussed later in a
different lecture. The proportions between cement, aggregate and
water is determined by standard concrete mix design technique.

Premature setting and segregation is to be avoided while transporting

the concrete mix through the access haul road and continuous stirring
may be helpful in such a case. The spreading of concrete should be
done uniformly such that no segregation of materials takes place

Compaction and surface finishing

Concrete is spread evenly and is rodded with suitable equipment such
that formation of honey-combing or voids can be avoided. At the
same time, over-compacting needs to be avoided, which can cause
segregation and loss of entrained air . The working of fixed
form and slip form pavers are different - and has The following:
Fixed form paving system Slip form paving system

Texturing
Finished concrete has a smooth surface; texturing of concrete surface
is done to impart required skid resistanceto the concrete surface. The
texturing is done by means of wire brushing or grooving along the
transverse direction. Initial texturing may be done at the time of
construction of the paver itself (refer Figure 37). Final texturing is
done no sooner the sheen of the concrete surface goes off ( Swanlund
and Vanikar 2002 ).
Concrete curing
Curing is a process in which requisite moisture content and
temperature is maintained so that concrete achieves its design strength
through hydration of cement. For initial curing, curing
compound with high water retentivity may be spread over the finished
surface to prevent rapid drying of water. For final curing,
continuous ponding or moistened hessain/ gunny bags should be kept
for about a fortnight (refer Figure 38). As an alternative arrangement
to ponding, impervious liquid maybe spread over the surface so as to
restrict evaporation of water from the laid concrete. Forms are
removed from the freshly prepared concrete layer after about curing
of fourteen hours (IRC:15 2002)
Opening to traffic
After curing period is over, and before opening the road to traffic, the
temporary seal material is to be removed, and the joints are to filled
with recommended joint sealing compound. The pouring of sealing
material is monitored carefully such that it is not spilled over the
pavement surface. Construction of joints and joint sealing have been
discussed separately (IRC:15 2002)
CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL
 CEMENT
 COARSE AGGREGATE (Sieve Above 4.75mm)
 FINE AGGREGATE (Sieve Under 4.75mm)
 WATER
 POLYTHENE SHEET
 DOWEL BARS
 MATCH STICK PADS
 LIQIUID WATER PROOFING CHEMICAL

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
1) Earth Moving Equipments
 Dozer
 Loader/Shovel
 Excavator
 Hauler (Truck, Mini Dumper)
2) COMPACT EQUIPMENT
 Sheep foot Roller, Tamping Roller
 Steel Wheel Vibratory Roller
 Pin Vibrator
 Plate Vibrator