Circuit with Parallel Resistors

Muhammad Ahsan Masood BCS181001

Hafiz Awais Azeem BCS181003
Ali Mutal Raza BCS181035

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCES

ISLAMABAD
 Disclaimer

We Muhammad Ahsan Masood, Hafiz Awais Azeem and Ali Mutal Raza have made
this project. Every information given in this project is true and complete to the best
of our knowledge. We have made the circuit with a software called PSpice. In this
circuit we are able to find current, voltage and potential difference.

Name and Registration No.:

Muhammad Ahsan Masood, BCS181001

Sign:

Hafiz Awais Azeem, BCS181003

Sign:

Ali Mutal Raza, BCS181035

Sign:

Submitted To:
Sir. Sayed Awais Haider
Sign:
 Acknowledgement

Circuit with Parallel Resistors

“In competing this project, we have taken help from our university mates and google.
We used our respected Teacher lectures, google and some other websites for
important instructions which we needed to complete this project. I am highly
indebted for our teacher, our seniors and our mates for their guidance and constant
supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project and
also for their support in completing the project.”
 Introduction

Resistors can be connected such that they branch out from a single point (known as
a node), and join up again somewhere else in the circuit. This is known as
a parallel connection. Each of the three resistors in Figure 1 is another path for
current to travel between points A and B. [A]

Figure 1 Example of a circuit Figure2 Circuit containing

containing three resistors resistors in parallel, equivalent
connected in parallel to Figure 1

Note that the node does not have to physically be a single point; as long as the
current has several alternate paths to follow, then that part of the circuit is
considered to be parallel. Figures 1 and 2 are identical circuits, but with different
appearances.

At A the potential must be the same for each resistor. Similarly, at B the
potential must also be the same for each resistor. So, between points A and B, the
potential difference is the same. That is, each of the three resistors in the parallel
circuit must have the same voltage. [B]

[1]

Also, the current splits as it travels from A to B. So, the sum of the currents
through the three branches is the same as the current at A and at B (where the
currents from the branch reunite).
 [2]

By Ohm's Law, equation [2] is equivalent to:

[3]

By equation [1], we see that all the voltages are equal. So the V's cancel out, and
we are left with

[4]

This result can be generalized to any number of resistors connected in parallel.

[5]

Since resistance is the reciprocal of conductance, equation [5] can be expressed in

terms of conductance. [C]

[6]
 System Model

Circuit Diagram:
 Working/Experiment

1. You need PSPICE software for this project (software run on

WINDOWS XP only)
2. Open SCHEMATICS
3. Click on get new part, new dialog box opens from where you will get
components.

4. Type R for resistor and VDC for DC Voltage source

5. Click on place for the insertion of components on screen.

6. Double click on Components for adjusting the values.

7. For measuring Current, go to option Markers and select option current

into pin and apply marker across component where you want to measure
current.
8. Similarly, for measuring Voltage select option Mark Voltage Level and
apply marker on node or component where you want to measure voltage.

9. This will be our required circuit diagram for measuring current and
voltage.
For current:
For Voltage:

10. Go to option setup analysis and select transient response.

11. Final step is to stimulate a circuit, when circuit will stimulate
graph will be generated from that graph note the required values
of current and voltage.
 Results
Outputs of project (in PSpise)
Finding current in the circuit:

Output:
Finding Voltage in the circuit:

Output:
 Conclusions

Purpose of this project is to become familiar with the use of the software
PSpice and able to draw and stimulate circuits on PSpice. The second
purpose is to know how to find current and voltages manually (by hand).
 References
a. [A] From
Google

b. [B] From
Wikipedia

c. [C] From
https://www.physics.uoguelph.ca/tutorials/ohm/o
hm.intro.parallel.html